scholarly journals Role of fishing in the final stone age of the Lower Ob region (on the materials of the settlement Gorny Somatnel - I)

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 193-197
Author(s):  
Olga Sergeevna Tupakhina ◽  
Daniel Sergeevich Tupakhin
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Food System ◽  
Adaptation Strategy ◽  
Stone Age ◽  
Human History ◽  
The North ◽  
Arctic Regions ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Very High

The role of fishing in the human history is very high. Though meat is considered to be an important product of hunting, fish has been a basic component of the food system of human groups in different climatic and geographical conditions. This is explained by the fact that groups lived next to water resources (lakes, rivers, seas, oceans) that had a high nutritional value. The first evidence of fishing existence as an independent economic sector belongs to the Paleolithic time, and its further development goes throughout human history, having developed from the simplest forms of fishing using primitive harpoons to modern forms of industrial fishing using a specialized fleet. The period under review, final Stone Age, is characterized by massive use of fishing nets. We assume that this method became a base of effective adaptation strategy, making it possible to develop the Lower Ob area with its difficult climate. The issues raised in this paper involve the role and importance of fishing economy for West Siberian North as well as for ancient economies of the North and Arctic regions.

THE CONTRIBUTION OF E. M. MELETINSKY TO THE CAUCASIAN EPOS STUDIES. ON THE 100TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE BIRTH OF THE SCHOLAR

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 76-89
Author(s):  
Zurab D. Dzhapua ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Early Stage ◽  
100Th Anniversary ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
The North ◽  
The People ◽  
History Of ◽  
High Level ◽  
Very High ◽  
Cultural Hero

The article analyses the contribution of Meletinsky to Caucasian epic studies. The role of Caucasian epic traditions in the study of the problem of the origins and the early forms of the epos is considered. A significant number of the comparative-typological studies of Meletinsky are based on the materials of mythoepic cultures of Caucasus mountain people. The scholar singled out the Caucasian epics, along with some other traditions, as the special early stage in the history of the epic. Meletinsky was one of the pioneers in the fundamental studies of the Caucasian Nart epics. Based on the analysis of materials available to him at that time, Meletinsky comes to the fundamental conclusions on the genre nature, national versions, images, subjects and motifs of the Nart epic. The scholar considered Sataney and Sasrykua to be the earliest characters in the epic, whose images clearly reflected the features of a cultural hero, especially in the close Abkhaz and Adyg versions. Furthermore, according to Meletinsky, the Transcaucasian legends about the chained heroes – Abkhaz Abryskil, Armenian Mger and Georgian Amiran – represent a kind of interweaving of mythological epic and heroic tales, in which the motives of cultural exploits are largely supplanted by episodes of the heroic struggle with Giants. In the studies of Meletinsky, the epic traditions of the people of the North Caucasus and Transcaucasia are subjected to the deepest analysis at a very high level of comparative studies.

Canadian-American Relations in the Arctic: The Effect of Environmental Influences upon Territorial Claims

1979 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 402-427 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas M. Tynan
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
International Law ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
The North ◽  
Arctic Regions ◽  
Canadian Foreign Policy ◽  
Territorial Claims ◽  
The One

Wallace K. Ferguson, the noted Renaissance scholar, once wrote that history must be seen through the eyes of the one writing it. He went on to say that, “since history is in this sense created by the historian, and he, in turn, is the product of his age and environment, history varies from generation to generation and must be constantly reinterpreted.” It is with this thought in mind that we will undertake a reexamination of the role of the Arctic in Canadian-American relations.In recent years the Arctic has become a region of growing significance for both the United States and Canada after decades of marginal interest bordering on neglect. It is this article's position that Canadian foreign policy, concerning the Arctic regions to the north of her mainland, has consistently from 1880 to 1970 been based upon a perception of potential threats, which in fact never existed. Furthermore, such a perception has been based in part upon the unsettled nature of international law in the Arctic and the effect of certain environmental factors, labeled as domestic sources of foreign policy in Dale Thomson and Roger Swanson's Canadian Foreign Policy: Options and Perspectives. The article, then, shows how Canadian foreign policy in this issue-area illustrates the Sprout's paradigm of perception in decision-making. According to this paradigm, “what matters in policymaking (and, of course, in analysis thereof) is how the human policymaker (or group) perceives, interprets and responds to the environing conditions and events.”

scholarly journals Is the Society Ready for the Consequences of the Pandemic as a Natural Stage of Development

2021 ◽  
pp. 31-43
Author(s):  
Nataliia Krokhmal
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Social Responsibility ◽  
Knowledge Society ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Social Connections ◽  
Human History ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Changing Role ◽  
Further Development

The article is devoted to the analysis of changes in society during and after the coronavirus pandemic. The general features of epidemics and pandemics in the human history have been considered, the similarity of the main forms and methods of fighting against pandemics accumulated by society in different periods of history has been shown. Some trends in the development of modern society have been outlined and described, which could be seen even before the COVID-19 pandemic that has become their catalyst and intensified their manifestation. In other words, it has become the impetus for their further development. In particular, the transformation of society into an information and knowledge society; reorientation of the economy and business in the context of COVID-19; the changing role of the labor force and the labor market; character in social connections and communications; the phenomenon of social responsibility of citizens, business and the state in a pandemic; changes in the nature of education has been analyzed. The emphasis is made on the fact that society will not return to its usual pre-coronavirus lifestyle, but will gradually expand (deepen) the described trends in all areas, will make a transition to a new state.

scholarly journals THE ROLE OF LOUROS AND ARACHTHOS RIVERS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF SEDIMENTS OF THE ARTA'S PLAIN WITH THE CONTRIBUTION OF GEOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS

2004 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Δ. Βρυνιώτης ◽  
Κ. Παπαδοπούλου
Keyword(s):  
Alluvial Soil ◽  
Surrounding Area ◽  
The West ◽  
Ophiolite Complex ◽  
Flat Part ◽  
The North ◽  
Geochemical Parameters ◽  
Recent Sediments ◽  
Very High

The investigated region, which consists of a flat part to the north of Amvrakikos gulf, has high values with respect to Ni and Cr in alluvial soil. Specifically, within the area bounded by Rodia's lagoon, Arta's and Arachthos delta there are very high values of Ni and Cr with spatial correlation of the three higher classes of nickel (152-254 ppm) and chromium (111-186 ppm). In the surrounding area there are also elevated values of Ni and Cr. These high values of Ni and Cr are derived from the weathered ultra-basic materials, transported by Arachthos river from the northern part of the greater region, where the Pindos ophiolite complex is developed. Whereas, Louros river does not carry a load of ultra-basic materials. The conclusions of this investigation are: a) The most recent sediments of the flat part within Rodia's lagoon, Arta's and Arachthos delta are exclusive deposits of Arachthos river after its separation from Louros, b) In the surrounding area, and especially to the West there are older sediments deposited by Arachthos and Louros before their break-up, and c) The contribution of Louros in the sediments of the flat part is minor

scholarly journals Nutrition Transition and Cancer

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 795
Author(s):  
Franco Contaldo ◽  
Lidia Santarpia ◽  
Iolanda Cioffi ◽  
Fabrizio Pasanisi
Keyword(s):  
Food Habits ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Food System ◽  
Population Aging ◽  
Nutrition Transition ◽  
Food Choices ◽  
Climatic Changes ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases

Urbanization, population aging, and climatic changes have mostly contributed to nutrition transition and, consequently, to effects of food habits on the epidemic of chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs), especially cancer. Climatic changes are negatively affecting crop production, particularly biodiversity, leading to reduced food choices and, consequently, nutritional value and the protection conferred from consumption of a variety of nutrients essential in a healthy diet. This brief review analyzes the possible link between rapid demographic changes, climatic and environmental crises, and the current food system as possible factors contributing to the role of nutrition transition in the onset of cancer.

Nanoplankton and protozoan microzooplankton during the JGOFS North Atlantic Bloom Experiment: 1989 and 1990

1994 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 427-443 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diane K. Stoecker ◽  
Michael E. Sieracki ◽  
Peter G. Verity ◽  
Ann E. Michaels ◽  
Elin Haugen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North Atlantic ◽  
Mesoscale Eddy ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
High Ratio ◽  
Diatom Bloom ◽  
Microbial Food Webs ◽  
The North ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Very High ◽  
Mixotrophic Ciliates

Complex mesoscale eddy interactions are characteristic of the North Atlantic, resulting in a mosaic of water masses with different physical, chemical and biological properties. Observations of protist assemblages during spring 1989 and 1990 in the vicinity of 47°N 18°W indicate that timing, composition, and further development of the spring bloom community are highly variable between years. During 1989 a microbial community, dominated by small photosynthetic nanoplankton and protist grazers, was observed after the main diatom bloom in the transition zone between two cyclonic eddies. This community was characterized by a high ratio of ‘protozoan’ to ‘phytoplankton’ carbon, and dominance of the microzooplankton by mixotrophic ciliates. A nanodiatom/prymnesiophyte bloom was observed to replace the typical ‘microdiatom’ bloom in a front between a cyclonic and anticyclonic eddy during 1990. After the demise of the diatoms, high standing stocks of nanophytoplankton persisted until early June. In this post-diatom-bloom period, the ‘protozoan’ biomass was lower and the ‘nanophytoplankton’ stocks higher than in 1989. Very high stocks of heterotrophic nanodinoflagellates were observed in 1990. The factors responsible for the development of these quite different microbial food-webs in two consecutive years and the consequences thereof for ecosystem function remain to be more fully explored.

scholarly journals Expansion of Agriculture in Northern Cold-Climate Regions: A Cross-Sectoral Perspective on Opportunities and Challenges

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian Unc ◽  
Daniel Altdorff ◽  
Evgeny Abakumov ◽  
Sina Adl ◽  
Snorri Baldursson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Food System ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Cold Climate ◽  
The North ◽  
Arctic Regions ◽  
Local Supply

Agriculture in the boreal and Arctic regions is perceived as marginal, low intensity and inadequate to satisfy the needs of local communities, but another perspective is that northern agriculture has untapped potential to increase the local supply of food and even contribute to the global food system. Policies across northern jurisdictions target the expansion and intensification of agriculture, contextualized for the diverse social settings and market foci in the north. However, the rapid pace of climate change means that traditional methods of adapting cropping systems and developing infrastructure and regulations for this region cannot keep up with climate change impacts. Moreover, the anticipated conversion of northern cold-climate natural lands to agriculture risks a loss of up to 76% of the carbon stored in vegetation and soils, leading to further environmental impacts. The sustainable development of northern agriculture requires local solutions supported by locally relevant policies. There is an obvious need for the rapid development of a transdisciplinary, cross-jurisdictional, long-term knowledge development, and dissemination program to best serve food needs and an agricultural economy in the boreal and Arctic regions while minimizing the risks to global climate, northern ecosystems and communities.

Cognitive Health Counseling 40+

2013 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Eschen ◽  
Franzisca Zehnder ◽  
Mike Martin
Keyword(s):  
Outcome Variable ◽  
Pilot Phase ◽  
Subjective Memory ◽  
Cognitive Health ◽  
Health Counseling ◽  
Agents Of Change ◽  
Main Outcome Variable ◽  
Further Development

This article introduces Cognitive Health Counseling 40+ (CH.CO40+), an individualized intervention that is conceptually based on the orchestration model of quality-of-life management ( Martin & Kliegel, 2010 ) and aims at improving satisfaction with cognitive health in adults aged 40 years and older. We describe the theoretically deduced characteristics of CH.CO40+, its target group, its multifactorial nature, its individualization, the application of subjective and objective measures, the role of participants as agents of change, and the rationale for choosing participants’ satisfaction with their cognitive health as main outcome variable. A pilot phase with 15 middle-aged and six older adults suggests that CH.CO40+ attracts, and may be particularly suitable for, subjective memory complainers. Implications of the pilot data for the further development of the intervention are discussed.

THE ROLE OF GRASSLAND IN MANAGEMENT

1968 ◽  
pp. 44-49
Author(s):  
B.K. Cameron
Keyword(s):  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Annual Rainfall ◽  
Silt Loam ◽  
Average Annual Rainfall ◽  
Very High ◽  
Wilting Point

THE PROPERTY to be discussed is a mixed sheep and cropping unit, situated ei ht a miles east of Ashburton and midway between the Ra aia and the Ashburton rivers. Average annual rainfall is 27 in., evenly spread, but there is very high summer evaporation and therefore frequent droughts. On average, the soil is below wilting point for 40 to 50 days each summer. Winters are cold with the soil temperature being below 48°F for about four months each year. The soil is a Lismore stony silt loam averaging 9 in. in depth over gravel.

The Inherited Past of the Broch: On Antiquarian Discourse and Contemporary Archaeology

2002 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANDREW BAINES
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Academic Language ◽  
Contemporary Archaeology ◽  
The North

In reading archaeological texts, we expect to be engaged in a characteristically archaeological discourse, with a specific and recognisable structure and vocabulary. In evaluating the published work of 19th Century antiquarians, we will inevitably look for points of contact between their academic language and our own; success or failure in the identification of such points of contact may prompt us to recognise a nascent archaeology in some writings, while dismissing others as naïve or absurd. With this point in mind, this paper discusses the written and material legacies of three 19th Century antiquarians in the north of Scotland who worked on a particular monument type, the broch. The paper explores the degree to which each has been admitted as an influence on the development of the broch as a type. It then proceeds to compare this established typology with the author's experiences, in the field, of the sites it describes. In doing so, the paper addresses wider issues concerning the role of earlier forms of archaeological discourse in the development of present day archaeological classifications of, and of the problems of reconciling such classifications with our experiences of material culture.

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