scholarly journals The assessment of field resistance to scab and winter resistance of columnar apple trees in the Samara Region

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 153-158
Author(s):  
Gennady Ivanovich Sobolev ◽  
Vladimir Vyacheslavovich Chernyshkov ◽  
Stanislav Sergeevich Saksonov

The research was conducted from 2006 to 2019 in the garden of Research Institute of Horticulture and Medicinal Plants Zhigulevskie Sady in the village of Malaya Tsarevshchina of Krasnoyarsk District of the Samara Region on 14 (0,432 ha), 43 (0,1 ha), 44 (0,05 ha) and 47 (6,8 ha) areas. On the 14th area, to accelerate flowering, fruiting, pollen collection and hybridization, in the springs of 2007, 2009 and 2012, parent varieties-donors of immunity were grafted to scab of domestic and foreign selection in the crown of young fruit-bearing trees of the Northern synapsis. Hybrid seeds obtained by crossing these varieties with local varieties were sown on the seedling plot (in a new plantation) and tested for scab resistance at an early age (from 2 years old). Scab-resistant hybrids were culled, and resistant hybrids were replanted in the breeding garden on the 47th area and tested for winter resistance separately after low-temperature stress in the freezer and in the field. The authors have identified columnar elites resistant to scab, which are superior in winter resistance to the local zoned coastal variety Kutuzovets, zoned variety Northern synapsis and common Antonovka. Apple trees with a columnar crown type of local selection in Research Institute of Horticulture and Medicinal Plants Zhigulevskie Sady with a high field resistance to scab, immunity, winter resistance and other varietal advantages will contribute to the improvement of orchards (amateur, farm, industrial) and import substitution of fruit products in the Samara Region of Russia.

Author(s):  
Svetlana Aleksandrovna Korneyeva ◽  
Evgeny Nikolaevich Sedov ◽  
Tatiana Vladimirovna Yanchuk

Within the framework of updating import substitution in agriculture, the issue of creating adaptive, competitive and suitable for intensive gardening apple cultivars is acute. VNIISPK conducts selection for the creation of columnar apple cultivars that meet the requirements of modern market. As a result of purposeful crosses of columnar cultivars of scab immunity donors and diploid gamete donors, a series of hybrids was obtained. 9 analyzed families have 595 seedlings, of which 299 have columnar habitus (50.3%). Among columnar seedlings, 38 seedlings are diploid (2x) and have immunity to scab (Vf), 47 seedlings are triploids (3x), but have only field resistance to scab, 98 seedlings combine in their genotype a triple set of chromosomes and immunity to scab (Vf).  Preliminary data on the study of economically valuable features of columnar seedlings by employees of the Apple breeding laboratory of VNIISPK were allocated to select forms of 8 hybrids: from families [Vostorg x 25-37-45 (4x) (Orlovskaya Girlyanda x Wealthy tetraploid - 3 seedlings, [Poezia x 30-47-88 (4x) (Liberty x 13-6-106 (S. Suvorovetz)]- 4 seedlings, [(22-26-124 (Wealthy x OR38T17) x Poezia] - 1 seedling.


2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 185
Author(s):  
Sri Endah Indriwati ◽  
Eko Sri Sulasmi ◽  
Sri Rahayu Lestari ◽  
Bagus Priambodo ◽  
Hisyam Baidlowi ◽  
...  

Kesejahteraan masyarakat merupakan hal penting yang perlu terus ditingkatkan, salah satunya dapat dilakukan dengan mengelola sumber daya alam atau potensi lokal. Kecamatan Poncokusumo merupakan bagian dari wilayah Taman Nasional Bromo Tengger Semeru (TNBTS) yang menyimpan berbagai potensi lokal, salah satunya yaitu tanaman berpotensi obat. Keberadaan tanaman berpotensi obat dapat dijadikan sebagai tonggak dalam meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat di Kecamatan Poncokusumo, terutama di desa Argosuko. Berkaitan dengan permasalahan tersebut, dilakukan beberapa upaya pendampingan: 1) pembuatan simplisia, 2) penyusunan komposisi simplisia sebagai bahan obat, hingga 3) pengemasan dan pengurusan ijin PIRT/BPOM. Partisipan dalam penelitian dan pengabdian adalah ibu-ibu PKK desa Argosuko sebanyak 30 orang, berasal dari 3 dusun (Keden, Wangkal Kidul, dan Wangkal Lor). Hasil penelitian dan pengabdian masyarakat menunjukkan bahwa seluruh ibu-ibu PKK bisa mengikuti kegiatan pendampingan yang diadakan. Melalui program pendampingan, ibu-ibu PKK memperoleh pembekalan bagaimana memperkaya pengetahuan tentang pembuatan bermacam-macam simplisia yang memiliki nilai ekonomi tinggi, bagaimana menyusun komposisi simplisia sebagai bahan jamu herbal, bagaimana cara melakukan pengemasan yang menarik konsumen, dan bagaimana mendapatkan legalitas dari dinas terkait. Sehingga harapannya, di masa depan ibu-ibu PKK dapat mengatasi masalah perekonomian akibat ketidaktahuan dalam mengelola potensi lokal sebagai sumber ekonomi untuk meningkatkan kesejahteraan keluarga dan masyarakat.Kata kunci—pendampingan, branding, simplisia, kesejahteraan masyarakatAbstractCommunity welfare is an important thing that needs to be improved, one of which can be done by managing natural resources or local potential. Poncokusumo Subdistrict is part of the Bromo Tengger Semeru National Park (TNBTS) which stores a variety of local potential, one of which is a potentially medicinal plant. The existence of potential medicinal plants can be used as a milestone in improving the welfare of the community in the District of Poncokusumo, especially in the village of Argosuko. In acquintance with this problem, several assistance efforts have been made: 1) manufacturing of simplicia, 2) preparation of the composition of simplicia as a medicinal ingredient, up to 3) packaging and processing of PIRT/BPOM permits. Participants in the research and service were 30 PKK Argosuko village women, coming from three hamlets (Keden, Wangkal Kidul, and Wangkal Lor). The results of research and community service show that all PKK can participate in the mentoring activities that are held. Through the mentoring program, PKK got a briefing on how to enrich their knowledge about making various kinds of simplicia that have high economic value, how to arrange the composition of simplicia as herbal medicinal ingredients, how to do packaging that attracts consumers, and how to obtain legality from related agencies. Therefore, it is expected in the future, PKK can overcome economic problems due to ignorance in managing local potential as an economic source to improve the welfare of families and communities.Keywords—assistance, branding, simplicia, community welfare


2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 120
Author(s):  
Hidayati Karamina ◽  
Supriyadi Supriyadi ◽  
Dudella Desnani Firman Yasin ◽  
Muhammad Yusi Kamhar ◽  
Farida Kusuma Astuti

The current development of the plants that have medicinal properties have progressed whereby drug discovery as well as a sophisticated new technology into alternative solutions in the pharmaceutical world progress. Utilization of the yard are generally not utilized properly has many benefits especially in terms of increasing the family income, for example as the granary of life and living pharmacy, so it needs to be developed intensively. Simple technology that can be implemented that should bring some broad benefits to society not only in the process of self-sufficiency, but also can be directed toward health independence through several development Family Medicinal Plants (TOGA). TOGA synonymous with herbal raw materials for herbal medicine which are domination with a bitter taste, has no aesthetic value and is rarely consumed by the public.  This causes difficulty in the development of the value of medicinal plants. to know and understand the background of the community in understanding the background of TOGA, how to grow TOGA plants, and their use to revitalize the TOGA program, especially in Sidorejo Village. This service activities subsequently conducted outreach activities about the benefits of medicinal plants, how crops TOGA is good and right as well as the provision of some medicinal plants will be planted in the yard of the village TOGA post. Of community service activities, it is concluded that the lack of knowledge of the public in knowing the types of plants TOGA and the efficacy of various plants TOGA limited and the lack of land use that are owned by citizens.


2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 111
Author(s):  
Rizna Akmaliyah ◽  
Wardah Wardah ◽  
Tri Cahyanto ◽  
Apriani Krisdianti ◽  
Deasy Rahmawati

The community of Gunung Bunder Dua Village, Bogor Regency is one area that still has plant knowledge and local wisdom in their daily life. This research aims to reveal the local wisdom of Gunung Bunder Dua villagers, Bogor Regency. The method used in the form of direct observation in the field with interview by selected speaker. This research was conducted from 17th June to 17th July 2019 at the village of Gunung Bunder Dua, Bogor Regency, West Java. The observations recorded were 72 species and 40 plant families, with some varieties of uses, namely 19 species of food plants, 56 species of medicinal plants and 3 species of economic value plants. The  result of this reseach are used as source of biology learning such as a video containing ethnobotany information.Abstrak Masyarakat Desa Gunung Bunder Dua, Kabupaten Bogor termasuk salah satu daerah yang masih memiliki pengetahuan tumbuhan dan kearifan lokal dalam kehidupan sehari-harinya. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengungkap kearifan lokal masyarakat desa Gunung Bunder Dua, Kabupaten Bogor. Metode yang dilakukan berupa observasi langsung di lapangan dengan wawancara kepada narasumber terpilih. Penelitian ini dilakukan dari tanggal 17 Juni – 17 Juli 2019 bertempat di Desa Gunung Bunder Dua, Kabupaten Bogor, Jawa Barat. Terdapat 72 spesies dan 40 famili tumbuhan, dengan beragam kegunaan yaitu tumbuhan pangan 19 spesies, tumbuhan obat 56 spesies, dan tumbuhan bernilai ekonomi sebanyak 3 spesies. Hasil penelitian ini dijadikan sumber belajar biologi berupa video yang berisikan informasi etnobotani.


2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Ahmad Maulana ◽  
◽  
Nurkardina Novalia ◽  
Wahyu Aji Wijaya ◽  
◽  
...  

Abstract Purpose: The Community Service Program (PKM) is located in Kerinjing Village, Tanjung Raja District, Ogan Ilir Regency. The targeted target audiences are housewives in the village. This activity aims to: (1) socialize the potential benefits of family medicinal plants (TOGA) as healthy drinks that can increase income, (2) socialize the correct way of planting family medicinal plants so that the quality is better, arousing the motivation of the target community to develop family medicinal plat processing. Method: The methods applied in this training include counseling on several theories that support the potential and composition of family medicinal plants, how to plant and process medicinal plants into various beverage processed products, suitable packaging methods, practice, and assistance. Community service activities are carried out through lectures and demonstrations. Results: The output produced from this activity include: (1) increased knowledge and skills of housewives regarding the use and processing of family medicinal plants, (2) increased knowledge of how to plant and pack good products, and (3) increased motivation for developing a business to use family medicinal plants. Conclusions: After the activity, there is an increase in knowledge and skills to develop a business to use family medicinal plants, their potential, and how to process them into healthy drink products, as well as proper packaging methods. In addition, this activity also increases the motivation of housewives who are participants to develop businesses in the field of beverage products based on family medicinal plants.


2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 883
Author(s):  
Mangestuti Agil ◽  
Tutik Sri Wahyuni ◽  
Herra Studiawan ◽  
Rakhmawati Rakhmawati

AbstrakBertani menjadi pencaharian warga Desa Wajik, Kecamatan Lamongan, Kabupaten Lamongan, Jawa Timur. Kawasan desa itu ditumbuhi berbagai tanaman, seperti mangga, delima, jambu biji. Kesuburan tanah belum digunakan secara optimal untuk bertanam tanaman obat, yaitu yang termasuk dalam Taman Obat Keluarga (TOGA). Beberapa tanaman obat untuk pagar, seperti beluntas, belum dimanfaatkan secara optimal. Ini karena pengetahuan tentang tanaman obat dan khasiatnya belum dipahami, sehingga belum diutamakan untuk mencapai keadaan sehat. Tujuan program pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah untuk mengoptimalkan pemanfaatan herbal untuk kesehatan. Penekanan diberikan pada peningkatan wawasan warga terhadap pemanfaatan herbal untuk kesehatan keluarga. Sasaran audiens adalah kadertim penggerak PKK desa yang berperan sentral dalam kesehatan keluarga. Kegiatan diselenggarakan melalui ceramah, pelatihan dan demonstrasi pembuatan ramuan tanaman obat, dan aplikasi aromaterapi. Pre dan post test dalam bentuk kuesioner tentang tanaman obat. Dari hasil tes diketahui pengetahuan peserta tentang tanaman obat dan khasiat cukup baik. Lebih dari 50% peserta belum mengetahui cara pengolahan pasca panen tanaman obat dan ramuan tanaman obat untuk kesehatan wanita. Kesimpulan program ini adalah terjadi peningkatan pemahaman peserta tentang tanaman obat untuk tujuan kesehatan.Kata kunci: Desa Wajik, Kesehatan, Optimalisasi, Tanaman obat.AbstractWajik Village is located in Lamongan Regency in East Java Province, and it has a population of almost 1700 people. Various plants such as mango, banana, pomegranate, and papaya trees grow well. Unfortunately, the Indonesian Government’s Program of TOGA, stands for Taman Obat keluarga (medicinal plant garden), meant to urges people to grow some beneficial medicinal plants in their own gardens was not successfully implemented. Eventhough some plants are found for hedges, such as betel, Pluchea indica plants, they are reluctant to apply them for maintenance of health. The purpose of the enlightenment programme aimed at enhancing the knowledge on medicinal plants in order to improve and maintain their health status. Participants of the program were cadres of PKK (Pembinaan Kesehatan) organization of the village. The program consisted of discussion, workshop and demonstration. Pre and post tests showed their understanding about medicinal plants and recipes, but did not understand post-harvest handling and some jamu products for women’s health. It wasconcluded, that the understanding of participants over the importance of herbal medicine and traditional medicine for health maintenance were low. It is concluded, that knowledge given during the program was able to enhance their understanding about herbal medicines for health.Keywords: Herbal medicines, Health, Optimization, Wajik Village.


Author(s):  
N. G. Krasova ◽  
А. V. Pikunova ◽  
А. M. Galasheva

Apple (Malus. Mill.) germplasm has been studied for resistance to scab (Venturia inaequalis (Ske.) in the Central Russia at VNIISPK (Russian Research institute for Fruit Crop Breeding) for many years. Apple varieties with high field resistance to scab have been identified. Variety screening for DNA markers linked to genes of resistance made it possible to find among the new varieties of VNIISPK breeding digenic ones (Vf and Vm – Poezia, Va1 and Vf –Svezhest, Vm and Va1 – Zarianka, Patriot and Sokovinka) as well as sources of Vh2 (Reka) and Va1 (Antonovka Krasnobochka, Antonovka Obyknovennaya, Patriot, Orlik, Zarianka, Bessemianka Michurinskaya, Svezhest and Sokovinka). The genotyping confirmed the Vm presence in Zarianka, Orlovim, Patriot, Sokovinka and Chistotel and the Vf presence in Afrodita, Veniaminovskoye, Zhilinskoye, Zdorovie, Imrus, Rozhdestvenskoye, Svezhest, Solnyshko, Stroevskoye and Yubilar. Apple varieties that combine polygenic and monogenic resistance to scab – Imrus, Zdorovie and Svezhest are of great interest for practical use. The involvement of new sources of resistance will allow developing varieties with long-term resistance to scab.


2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (62) ◽  
pp. 133-136
Author(s):  
Michael Beloborodenko ◽  
◽  
Tatiana Beloborodenko ◽  
Anatoly Beloborodenko ◽  
Igor Rodin ◽  
...  

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 22-34
Author(s):  
Silvia Oroian ◽  
Diana Lazăr

Abstract The village of Ulieş belongs to Râciu Commune. It is located in the south-eastern part of the Transylvanian Plain (N46°41’30” E24°23’56”) in a hilly region crossed by wide valleys. It is situated at 24 km distance from Tîrgu Mureș, in the contact area of Mădăraş Hills and Comlod Hills, on the middle stream of the Comlod River (or Lechința) and its tributaries. The paper aims were the study of the flora from the surroundings of Ulieş Village, the investigation of possible medicinal use of the encountered plants species, and the preservation of plant diversity from the area. Fieldworks were conducted in 2014-2017. A total of 415 vascular plant taxa belonging to 76 families were identified. From these, 185 species are medicinal plants with certain content of active principles. Plants containing tannins (13.51%) were in higher percentage followed by those with essential oils (12.97%), saponins (10.81%), alkaloids (8.10%), flavonoids (7.56%), coumarins (7.02%), mucilages (5.94%), iridoids (5.40%), phenolic glycosides (3.78%), anthraquinone derivatives and cardiotonic glycosides (3.24), organic acids, vitamins and provitamins (3.78%), bitter principles (2.70), bitter-aromatic principles (2.16%), etc.


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