scholarly journals Immune Status of Patients with Polytrauma During the Period of Acute Reaction and Early Clinical Manifestations of the Traumatic Disease

2004 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 32-36
Author(s):  
V V Agadzhanyan ◽  
M M Mendelenko ◽  
M V Semenikhina ◽  
E F Bikbaeva ◽  
E V Ivlev ◽  
...  

The dynamics of immunologic indices in the acute and early periods of the traumatic disease was analyzed in 30 patients (25-60 years) with polytrauma. Even during the period of early manifestations of the traumatic disease the signs of immune deficiency are already determined as a disturbance of T-lymphocytes differentiation, T-helpers in particular. The changes in the system of cellular immunity coincide by time with the occurrence of clinical signs of secondary posttraumatic immune deficiency, i.e. pneumonias, pleurities, purulent endobronchites. The obtained data are indicative of the fact that patients with polytrauma already require immunostimulation during the period of early manifestations of the traumatic disease.

Author(s):  
I. Karpuk

The purpose of work was the research of the immune status and allocation of immunologic phenotypes at patients with the intolerance of stomatologic materials (ISM). Examination 91 patients aged from 46 up to 65 years, with complaints to ISM is conducted. As a result of a research of the T-cellular link of system of immunity at patients with an intolerance of stomatologic materials, but without the taped hypersensitivity to their components, taped the following patterns: statistically reliable (р<0,05) depression of the CD3+ levels of the T-general (47,9±3,7 at norm in control group – 66,2±4,5) and CD4+ of T-helpers (30,6±2,8 at norm of donors 38,2±3,2). It is noted reliable (р<0,05) depression of IRI (1,49±0,32 at norm of donors 1,76±0,36). At patients with complaints to an intolerance of stomatologic materials and the taped hypersensitivity, by results of application assays and reaction of allergenindutsirovanny damage of leucocytes the immune status was characterized reliable (р<0,05) by rising of quantity of the lymphocytes carrying CD25+ markers for 36,2% in comparison with those in control group (р<0,05). The augmentation of IRI (2,33±0,54) in comparison with control group (1,76±0,36) (р<0,05), generally at the expense of the increased CD4+ level of T-helpers and relative depression the maintenance of CD8+ of T lymphocytes to 18,3±3,6% is established (patients of control group have 21,7±3,09%). At that group depression of the IgA level (р<0,05) in blood serum to 1,36±0,12 g/l and in oral liqid to 0,042±0,0023 g/l is taped, and patients of control group have 2,57±0,06 g/l and 0,11±0,04 g/l respectively. The lowered activity of neutrocytes by results of spontaneous (8,4±3,5%) and induced (41,4±5,3%) is established to test NST at patients with ISM without hypersensitivity to dental alloys that authentically (р<0,05) differed with similar indicators of patients with ISM and the taped hypersensitivity to components of dental alloys. Indicators of the increased metabolic activity of neutrophils at patients with complaints to NSM and the taped hypersensitivity to dental alloys and their components defined in the NST-test correlated with: levels IgA of stomatic liquid (r=-0,55; р<0,05); quantity of dentoprosthetic units (r=0,72; р<0,05); terms of use of dentoprosthetic designs (r=0,47; р<0,05). The data obtained by us show two immunologic phenotypes of ISM: one with a hypersensitivity to them, the second with its absence. At both phenotypes signs of deficiency of local and general immunity which differed at these phenotypes are taped.


Author(s):  
Y. V. Duda

Despite a huge number of studies, the uniqueness of antiparasitic immunity is so great that there is still insufficient knowledge of the factors contributing to the manifestation of the characteristics of immunity in mixed parasitic diseases of rabbits. Therefore, the question of the influence of the association of pathogens Treponema cuniculi and Eimeria sp. on indicators of cellular immunity of rabbits is relevant. The study was conducted on 59 male rabbits age 3–5 months of the Californian breed, selected by analogy. Animal were separated into two groups: healthy animals (control group) and sick animals (research group). Intensity of invasion was determined by the method of the Mac-Master. It has been established that the level of damage of rabbits by spirochetosis and eimeriosis was, on average, 1155.17 ± 184.87 and 6668.97 ± 284.16 pathogens in 1 g of feces. The count of T- and B-lymphocytes was determined by the method of spontaneous rosette-formation with sheep erythrocytes. Parasitizing the association of pathogens Treponema cuniculi and Eimeria sp. was revealed a high number of leukocytes (1.22 times, P < 0.001), which increased mainly due to lymphocytes, which were 1.45 times higher (P < 0.001), as well as neutrophilic metamyelocytes – 1.48 times (P < 0.05), eosinophils – 1.68 times (P < 0.001) and basophils – 1.57 times (P < 0.001) compared with similar blood parameters of healthy animals. In the blood of sick rabbits, the absolute number of T-lymphocytes (1.56 times, P < 0.001) and B-lymphocytes (3.02 times, P < 0.001) was significantly higher in comparison with a low number of O-lymphocytes (3.46 times, P < 0.001) compared with the control. This indicates the redistribution of lymphocytes to cells that carry T and B lymphocyte receptors on the plasma membrane. The absolute number of T-lymphocytes became high due to T-helpers, which in these animals were higher both in absolute (1.87 times, P < 0.001) and percentage (by 9.18%, P < 0.001) compared to control. Moreover, the percentage of T-suppressors in the blood of rabbits of the experimental group was significantly lower on 5.46% (P < 0.05) compared with the same blood count of healthy animals. Such a redistribution of the T-cell population in the peripheral blood of this group of rabbits led to an increase in the immunoregulatory index by 1.64 times (P < 0.01) than in healthy ones. High IRI and the number of T-active lymphocytes (by 28.23%, P < 0.05) in the blood of rabbits with parasitism of the association of pathogens Treponema cuniculi and Eimeria sp. indicate increased immune system tension.


2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 183-189
Author(s):  
Marina G. Avdeeva ◽  
A. A Konchakova ◽  
N. V Kotova ◽  
A. V Polyanskiy ◽  
T. S Kononenko ◽  
...  

The aim of the study is the improvement of the efficiency of IVF on the basis of the determination of immunological and infectious risk factors for miscarriage. The materials and methods. The object of research were 21 female infertility patients included in the program of ancillary reproductive technologies (ART) for the period of 2014-2016, who had in a history from one to four ineffective IVF response. The average age of studied women was 33.5±0.9 years, the number of years with infertility amounted to 7,3±1,0. In the preparation for IVF women received a complete course of general clinical examination to identify the causes of infertility. The study of the immune status was carried out with the use of one - and two-parameter phenotyping, the results included data obtained with the flow-through cytofluorometer BECKMAN COULTER EPICS XL-II (USA), treated according to standard protocols. The control group consisted of 30 fertile women. The results of the study. Infertility women planning IVF, were found to be characterized by presenting a combination of persistent opportunistic infections of herpes group: HSV and CMV. In the 90,5% of women there were identified various immunodeficiency states from both cellular and humoral immunity: the characteristic increase in the content of HLA-DR, a reduction in CD19+ cells. In primary infertility states changes in cellular immunity were more pronounced, additionally there was the decline in immunoregulatory index (IRI), the increase in the content of CD8+, CD25+, IgM. An imbalance of the immune system in women with persistence of several opportunistic infections was both more pronounced, than in cases with monoinfection and manifested by such abnormalities of cellular immunity as the gain in the content of CD8+, NK cells CD16+, CD56+, CD25+, a decline in IRI. The conclusion. In the course of the preparation for IVF in an examination mode of women with the primary infertility and the presence of markers of several opportunistic infections, it is advisable to include an evaluation of the immune status. The identification of secondary immune deficiency is an indication for inclusion of immunocorrective therapy in the comprehensive treatment.


2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 18-28
Author(s):  
I V Oradovskaya ◽  
N A Leyko ◽  
B V Feoktistov ◽  
M A Oprishchenko ◽  
L V Luss ◽  
...  

Background. To study the influence of technogenic-excited environment manufacture on clinical and immune parameters of employees and population living in the territory of its influence. Methods. The analysis of frequency of clinical features of immune dysfunction with clinical, immunolological and allergological examination was carried out. 689 persons were examined: 474 - the personnel of industrial complex, 215 - the population which is not working at industrial complex. Results. Clinical signs of immune dysfunction during 2 year follow-up period were established in 77,3% of population group. The immune parameters in all groups during 2 year follow-up period in comparison with those during 1 year follow-up period showed the decreasing of number of leukocytes, T-lymphocytes, CD4+ T-lymphocytes as well as immunoregulative index. It was defined dissociation in level of NK-cells, expressed in decreasing of absolute values of CD16+ lymphocytes and increasing of their percentage and increasing of CD8+ T-lymphocytes, B-lymphocytes and phagocytosis parameters.


2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 11-14
Author(s):  
L P Sizyachina ◽  
E V Churyukina

Background, To study the clinical and immunological features of the phenotype of bronchial asthma with syndrome of secondary immune deficiency. Methods, The analysis of observation of 105 patients with bronchial asthma (BA) was conducted, 70 patients had a clinical markers of secondary immune deficiency. Results, Patients suffering from BA with secondary immune deficiency were observed, there was inhibition of cellular and phagocytic links on the background of activation of the humoral immune system. Changes in immune status were recorded on the clinical course of the disease. Conclusion, BA patients with a concomitant syndrome of secondary immune deficiency had heterogeneous disorders of the immune system, leading to clinical manifestations of secondary immune deficiency, making it difficult for bronchial asthma, contributes to chronic foci of infection, refractoriness to traditional treatment methods.


Author(s):  
M. B. Mirzoeva

Aim. Justify the use of low-frequency laser radiation (LFLR) treating chronic salpingoophoritis of chlamydial etiology, taking into account the assessment of the immune status.Material and methods. The study included 110 women, of which 80 women had chronic salpingo-oophoritis of chlamydial etiology, and 30 were practically healthy. In addition to conventional methods, patients underwent examinations like immunological analysis, ultrasound examination of the pelvic organs, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis.Results and discussion. When comparing changes in the immune status in patients after LFLR and who underwent traditional therapy in the group of patients with sexually transmitted infections (STIs), there was a slight increase in the number of T-lymphocytes and T-helpers, as well as a decrease in the number of T-suppressors. Also, in these patients, there is a slight decrease in the number of IgA and IgM against the background of an increase in IgG and an increase in the phagocytic activity of neutrophils. In patients with traditional therapy, the above-described changes persisted, while an aggravation of the disturbed T-cell balance was observed.Conclusions. Thus, according to the results of a comparative analysis of the obtained data on changes in the immune status in patients with chronic salpingo-oophoritis after the use of laser therapy, a statistically significant increase in the number of T-lymphocytes, an increase in subpopulations including T-helpers, a decrease in the number of T-suppressors, an increase in immunoglobulin G and an increase in phagocytic activity of neutrophils was observed.


Author(s):  
N.O. Dekhtiarenko ◽  
M.P. Hrytsai ◽  
V.M. Tsokalo

Summary. The article deals with the study of immune status of patients with osteomyelitis and trophic disorders of the shin tissues. Objective: to evaluate the immune status of patients with shin-bone osteomyelitis and distrophic processes, and to study dynamics of immunological indices after surgical interventions (clearing and reconstructive restoring surgeries). Materials and Methods. The immune status of 52 patients with posttraumatic osteomyelitis and trophic disorders of the shin tissues was studied. Clinical, immunological, and statistical research methods were used. Results. The study revealed changes in immune defence and in trophic processes in tissues (bones, skin, and muscles) of the damaged extremity. Thus, the presence of changes in the immune status was established: a decrease in the number of T-lymphocytes, T-helpers, cytotoxic T-lymphocytes, as well as changes in the humoral immune system – a decrease in immunoglobulins M and G levels and an increace in the level of circulating immune complexes. Conclusions. Changes in systemic immunity and local trophic disorders revealed in patients mutually aggravate the course of the pathological process and complicate its elimination.


2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 67-71
Author(s):  
A Yu Pronin ◽  
I L Serkov ◽  
G D Kaminskiy ◽  
N N Lebedeva ◽  
E V Smirnov ◽  
...  

Background. The influence of HAART on the clinical manifestations of atopic dermatitis in HIV-infected children in parallel with the assessment of its effectiveness in relation to the dynamics of diagnostically important indicator of immune status and viral load. Methods. During the period from 1998 to 2008 among children in the check-up at the Moscow Regional Center of AIDS with a confirmed diagnosis of HIV infection in the formation of a group of 26 children, who retrospectively analyzed the clinical and immunological characteristics. To study the dynamics of changes in clinical manifestations of atopic dermatitis on the background of HAART, analyzed the quantitative indicators of CD4 + T-lymphocytes and assessed the changes in viral load. Results. As of 01.01.2009 years in the Moscow region reported 224 children with HIV infection, of whom 111 are under HAART children. Of the children in the HAART, 26 children (29%) to destination therapy have pronounced symptoms of atopic dermatitis (AD). All children of the group was appointed by HAART in accordance with accepted standards. Laboratory indices and clinical manifestations of AD were recorded before HAART and after 9 months after initiation of therapy. According to the results of clinical observations in the survey group of patients in 20 children (77%) 9 months after the appointment of HAART AD symptoms disappeared completely, while 5 children (19%) noted a clear improvement. Only one HIV-infected child (4%) AD was recurrent in nature. Analysis of laboratory data showed that prior to the start of HAART, quantitative indicators of CD4 + T-lymphocytes in children from this group (n = 26) was 23,69 ±4,24 per cent of the total number of lymphocytes. As a result of HAART, the proportion of CD4 + T lymphocytes increased to 29,35±2,61%. When comparing the results of the quantification of HIV RNA in plasma observed decrease in the value decimal logarithm of viral load from 5,22 ±0,21 to 1,54 ±0,71. Conclusions. Highly active antiretroviral therapy of HIV-infected children leads to a cessation of manifestation of AD not giving in to conventional therapy. This effect is realized against the background of the normalization of the indicators of CD4 + T-lymphocytes and reduction in viral load to not defined level.


Author(s):  
А.Р. Зарипова ◽  
Л.Р. Нургалиева ◽  
А.В. Тюрин ◽  
И.Р. Минниахметов ◽  
Р.И. Хусаинова

Проведено исследование гена интерферон индуцированного трансмембранного белка 5 (IFITM5) у 99 пациентов с несовершенным остеогенезом (НО) из 86 неродственных семей. НО - клинически и генетически гетерогенное наследственное заболевание соединительной ткани, основное клиническое проявление которого - множественные переломы, начиная с неонатального периода жизни, зачастую приводящие к инвалидизации с детского возраста. К основным клиническим признакам НО относятся голубые склеры, потеря слуха, аномалия дентина, повышенная ломкость костей, нарушения роста и осанки с развитием характерных инвалидизирующих деформаций костей и сопутствующих проблем, включающих дыхательные, неврологические, сердечные, почечные нарушения. НО встречается как у мужчин, так и у женщин. До сих пор не определена степень генетической гетерогенности заболевания. На сегодняшний день известно 20 генов, вовлеченных в патогенез НО, и исследователи разных стран продолжают искать новые гены. В последнее десятилетие стало известно, что аутосомно-рецессивные, аутосомно-доминантные и Х-сцепленные мутации в широком спектре генов, кодирующих белки, которые участвуют в синтезе коллагена I типа, его процессинге, секреции и посттрансляционной модификации, а также в белках, которые регулируют дифференцировку и активность костеобразующих клеток, вызывают НО. Мутации в гене IFITM5, также называемом BRIL (bone-restricted IFITM-like protein), участвующем в формировании остеобластов, приводят к развитию НО типа V. До 5% пациентов имеют НО типа V, который характеризуется образованием гиперпластического каллуса после переломов, кальцификацией межкостной мембраны предплечья и сетчатым рисунком ламелирования, наблюдаемого при гистологическом исследовании кости. В 2012 г. гетерозиготная мутация (c.-14C> T) в 5’-нетранслируемой области (UTR) гена IFITM5 была идентифицирована как основная причина НО V типа. В представленной работе проведен анализ гена IFITM5 и идентифицирована мутация c.-14C>T, возникшая de novo, у одного пациента с НО, которому впоследствии был установлен V тип заболевания. Также выявлены три известных полиморфных варианта: rs57285449; c.80G>C (p.Gly27Ala) и rs2293745; c.187-45C>T и rs755971385 c.279G>A (p.Thr93=) и один ранее не описанный вариант: c.128G>A (p.Ser43Asn) AGC>AAC (S/D), которые не являются патогенными. В статье уделяется внимание особенностям клинических проявлений НО V типа и рекомендуется определение мутации c.-14C>T в гене IFITM5 при подозрении на данную форму заболевания. A study was made of interferon-induced transmembrane protein 5 gene (IFITM5) in 99 patients with osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) from 86 unrelated families and a search for pathogenic gene variants involved in the formation of the disease phenotype. OI is a clinically and genetically heterogeneous hereditary disease of the connective tissue, the main clinical manifestation of which is multiple fractures, starting from the natal period of life, often leading to disability from childhood. The main clinical signs of OI include blue sclera, hearing loss, anomaly of dentin, increased fragility of bones, impaired growth and posture, with the development of characteristic disabling bone deformities and associated problems, including respiratory, neurological, cardiac, and renal disorders. OI occurs in both men and women. The degree of genetic heterogeneity of the disease has not yet been determined. To date, 20 genes are known to be involved in the pathogenesis of OI, and researchers from different countries continue to search for new genes. In the last decade, it has become known that autosomal recessive, autosomal dominant and X-linked mutations in a wide range of genes encoding proteins that are involved in the synthesis of type I collagen, its processing, secretion and post-translational modification, as well as in proteins that regulate the differentiation and activity of bone-forming cells cause OI. Mutations in the IFITM5 gene, also called BRIL (bone-restricted IFITM-like protein), involved in the formation of osteoblasts, lead to the development of OI type V. Up to 5% of patients have OI type V, which is characterized by the formation of a hyperplastic callus after fractures, calcification of the interosseous membrane of the forearm, and a mesh lamellar pattern observed during histological examination of the bone. In 2012, a heterozygous mutation (c.-14C> T) in the 5’-untranslated region (UTR) of the IFITM5 gene was identified as the main cause of OI type V. In the present work, the IFITM5 gene was analyzed and the de novo c.-14C> T mutation was identified in one patient with OI who was subsequently diagnosed with type V of the disease. Three known polymorphic variants were also identified: rs57285449; c.80G> C (p.Gly27Ala) and rs2293745; c.187-45C> T and rs755971385 c.279G> A (p.Thr93 =) and one previously undescribed variant: c.128G> A (p.Ser43Asn) AGC> AAC (S / D), which were not pathogenic. The article focuses on the features of the clinical manifestations of OI type V, and it is recommended to determine the c.-14C> T mutation in the IFITM5 gene if this form of the disease is suspected.


2012 ◽  
pp. 74-84
Author(s):  
Thi Kieu Nhi Nguyen

Objectives: 1. Estimating the ratios of clinical and paraclinical signs of post-term newborns hospitalized at Pediatric Department of Hue University Hospital. 2. Identifying the relation between clinical signs and paraclinical signs. Materials and Method: 72 post- term babies < 7 days of life hospitalized at NICU from 2010/5 to 2011/4. Classification of post - term newborn was based on WHO 2003: gestational age ≥ 42 weeks with clinical manifestations: desquamation on press with fingers or natural desquamation, withered or meconial umbilicus, meconial long finger nails (*) or geatational age still < 42 weeks with theses clinical manifestations (*). Data were recorded on a clinical record form. Per-protocol analysis of clinical outcomes was performed by using Medcalc 11.5 and Excell 2007. Analyses used the χ2 test or Fisher's exact test for categorical data; Student's t test was used for continuous data and the Mann-Whitney U test for nonparametric data. Data were presented as means or proportions with 95% CIs. Results: Clinical characteristics: Tachypnea and grasp were main reasons of hospitalisation (48.61%). Poor feeding, vomitting (16.67%). Asphyxia (8.34%). Jawndice (6.94%). Hypothermia < 36.50C (13.89%), fever (13.89%). Tachypnea (59.72%). Bradycardia (1.39%). Poor feeding (11.11%). Hypertonia (9.72%). Paraclinical characteristics: Erythrocytes < 4.5.1012/l (51.39%), Leucocytes 5 – 25.103/mm3 (81.94%), Thrombocytes 100- 400.103/mm3 (94.44%). Hemoglobinemia < 10mg/l (67.61%). Maternal characteristics: Menstrual cycles regular (75%). Primiparity (75%). Amniotic volume average (70.42%), little (29.58%). Aminiotic liquid clair (62.5%), aminiotic liquid yellow (4.17%), aminiotic meconial liquid (33.33%). Maternal manifestation of one of many risk factors consist of genital infection; urinary infection; fever before, during, after 3 days of birth; prolonged delivery; medical diseases influence the foetus (75%). The relation between clinical signs and paraclinical signs: There was significantly statistical difference: between gestationnal age based on obstetrical criteria and amniotic volume on ultrasound (p < 0.05); between birth weight and glucosemia p < 0.02). There was conversional correlation of average level between erythroctes number and respiratory rate (r = - 0.5158; p < 0,0001), concordance correlation of weak level betwwen leucocytes number and respiratory rate r = 0.3045; p = 0.0093). Conclusion: It should made diagnosis of postterm baby based on degree of desquamation. The mother who has menstrual cycles regular is still delivered of a postterm baby. A postterm baby has the individual clinical and paraclinical signs.


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