scholarly journals The Peculiarities of Ideas about Law and Justice among High School Students

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (8) ◽  
pp. 112-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. I. Balyaev ◽  
D. A. Burkova ◽  
N. N. Morozova
Keyword(s):  
High School Students ◽  
Young People ◽  
University Students ◽  
Student Perceptions ◽  
Legal Culture ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
The Law ◽  
Law And Justice

Introduction. In recent decades, scholars have shown greater research interest in aspects of legal literacy of young people regarding democratic processes in the Russian society. However, despite increasing relevance of the problem of developing and strengthening the legal awareness of modern young people, including university students, this issue has not been sufficiently studied. Meanwhile, subjective misinterpretation of the concepts of law and justice, a low level of legal culture and legal nihilism can be the causes of youth offences, as well as the factors, which distort the worldview under formation.The present publication is aimed to investigate the role of ideas about the law and justice in the structure of legal awareness of students of higher education institutions.Methodology and research methods. In the course of the empirical research, the following psychodiagnostic methods were employed: the questionnaire created on the basis of L. A. Yasyukova’s and the procedures of free associations. To process the obtained data, the content analysis and the methods of mathematic statistics, the criterion φ* (Fisher’s angular transformation) and the Kolmogorov-Smirnov criterion λ were used.Results and scientific novelty. Theoretical approaches to the problem under discussion have been analysed, according to which legal awareness is determined by the conditions of society. Instability of these conditions generates a “paradoxical personality” (M. I. Yenikeev), who accepts and rejects social norms. It is noted that the Russian legal culture is negatively affected by such factors as the dissonance between legal ideology and legal psychology, weakness of civil society institutions, deep financial and economic crisis, etc.The conducted survey manifested that the specifics of vocational education programme do not have a significant impact on the development of student perceptions of law and justice. The peculiarities of this component of legal awareness of students are revealed. The participants of the survey were convinced that the law should be fair; otherwise, it is not necessary to obey the law. The survey revealed that recognising the priority of legislation over conscience in administrative matters, the respondents believed that only just professionals should be at the head of state, regardless of their moral qualities. According to the respondents, orientation on honor and justice should be the basis of order in the society, but the participants noted the ambiguity of these concepts. On the one hand, students understand justice from the position of social balance (everyone receives what they deserve), on the other hand, they are convinced that social justice is ensured by equality. Young people are interested in the dynamics of the current legislation and believe that everyone should have basic legal knowledge, and ignorance of the law does not exempt a person from this responsibility. The respondents are sure that the law is the same for everyone and is enforceable equally by everyone; moreover, the law is designed to protect the interests of a particular person, not society as a whole. The majority of respondents generated the estimation that the ability to defend own rights is more significant than the performance of duties. The authors of the present research draw a generalised conclusion that university students’ perceptions of law and justice are inconsistent and contradictory.Practical significance. The research results can be used by teachers and psychologists of higher educational institutions, as well as by various experts to develop the programmes for formation of youth legal awareness.

scholarly journals Theoretical approaches to determining the principles of codification of legislation in the field of intellectual property

2021 ◽  
pp. 128-139
Author(s):  
Nataliia Myronenko
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Legal System ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
The Law ◽  
Law And Justice ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
External Form

Keywords: law, intellectual property, codification and systematization of legislation,principles of codification, concepts, types and system of principles of codification The article revealstheoretical approaches to defining the system of principles of codification, theirplace in the legal system, which characterize the content of law in a concentratedform, its structure, the relationship between sources of law, law and justice, law andgovernment coercion and belief in legal regulation. It is proved that the system-formingcriterion of the principles of law and the principles of legislation are their functionaland purpose. The practical significance of the principles in the process of systematizationof legislation in the field of intellectual property, including its type suchas codification, is revealed. The correlation of principles of law and principles of legislationare investigated. It is established that there is a dialectical connection betweenlaw and law, which is manifested in the fact that: legislation is an external form of expressionof law, a way of expressing its content; most of the law is substantively includedin the legislation; the spheres of law and law do not coincide but intersect; inthat part, in which law and law coincide, the principles of law are the essence of theprinciples of law and vice versa — the principles of law are the principles of law. At the same time, since the legislation is an external form of expression of law and doesnot completely coincide with the law and does not contradict it, its creation and developmentare subject to certain specific rules and technologies. The main methodologicalprinciples that influence the separation of the system of principles, their place inthe theory of codification are determined; substantiates the need to include in the systemof general and special principles of codification and sectoral principles, which arethe theoretical basis and ensure those features are taken into account in the processof codification of individual branches of legislation. It is proved that there is a dialecticalrelationship between the purpose of codification, its tasks and the principles onwhich codification activity is based, the dependence of its result on the degree of consistencyof these elements of codification.

scholarly journals Typical dynamic peculiarities of the spheres of manifestation of social activity among student youth

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 ◽  
pp. 08009
Author(s):  
Elena Bocharova
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Young People ◽  
Empirical Study ◽  
University Students ◽  
Social Activity ◽  
School Students ◽  
Youth Policy ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Life Values

The purpose of the study presented in the article is an empirical study of typical dynamic peculiarities spheres of young people’ social activity manifestation. The study sample consisted of 240 participants (Saratov region, Russia), including: university students (n = 120), age M = 18.22 (SD = 0.87) and high school students (n = 120), age M = 16.43; SD = 0.53. We used a questionnaire (R. M. Shamionov, I. V. Arendachiuk, E. E. Bocharova et al.) to register various forms of social activity and the degree of their manifestation, and the “Morphological Test of Life Values” technique (V. F. Sopov, L. V. Karpushina) to study various spheres of life. In the sample of students we have recorded a trend towards negative dynamics in the range of typical spheres of social activity manifestation, which, moreover, differs in its substantive multidirectionality. The study has shown that manifestation of various forms of social activity in the typical spheres of life is characterized by multidirectional dynamics of their motives’ actualization, depending on the person’s social and age-related status. The applied aspect of the problem under study can be implemented in the development of youth policy programs.

scholarly journals HUMAN RIGHTS AND HEALTH PROMOTION: A CANADA FIT FOR CHILDREN?

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (3/4) ◽  
pp. 510
Author(s):  
Richard Mitchell
Keyword(s):  
Health Promotion ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Young People ◽  
Medical Officer ◽  
School Students ◽  
Political Issue ◽  
Institutional Processes ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Canadian Population

<p>The 2011 Canadian election campaign demonstrates once again that while the health care debate is always a highly contested political issue, little of the discussion originates from, or is concerned with, citizens under 18 years of age. This paper responds to this gap in knowledge with findings from a qualitative, exploratory human rights study investigating the youth-led health promotion group REACT (Resist, Expose and Challenge [big] Tobacco). Under the auspices of the Chief Medical Officer, successive cohorts of high-school students have been working within the Niagara Public Health Region in Ontario, Canada since 2005. The main findings suggest that young people are fully competent to manage important aspects of their own health, and have led authorities to support health-enhancing behaviours for themselves and their peers. Moreover, it is clear that rights-based health promotion has been underutilized in Canada since dominant theoretical approaches to healthy development and traditional top-down institutional processes frequently overlook – and thus violate – the participatory human rights of young people. This violation represents a social justice issue with far-reaching consequences for equity in the overall health of the Canadian population.</p>

scholarly journals The Role of Self-Attitude in the Personal and Professional Development of High School Students

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 82-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zh. G. Garanina ◽  
S. I. Balyaev ◽  
M. S. Ionova
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Professional Training ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Self Development ◽  
Professional Self ◽  
Development Of Students

Introduction.The instability of the modern world with its rapidly changing social and economic realities requires the readiness of a person for self-change. For this reason, along with vocational education, higher education has to include the programmes to form future experts’ skills of professional self-development, which success depends on many circumstances, including self-attitude.The aimof the research presented in the publication was to define the role of self-attitude in personal and professional self-development of students in the course of their professional training in higher education institution.Methodology and research methods.Empirical methods were employed in the course of the research. The complex of psycho-diagnostic techniques was used: test-questionnaire of self-attitude by V. V. Stolin and S. R. Pantileev; tests: Life-Purpose Orientations Test by D. A. Leontiev, The General Self-Efficacy Scale by M. Jerusalem, R. Schwarzer and V. Romek, Assessment of Self-Control in Communication by M. Snyder; questionnaires: Personal Orientation Inventory by E. L. Shostrom, Ability to Self-Development by V. I. Zvereva, Willingness to SelfKnowledge and Self-Development by T. A. Ratanova and N. F. Shlyahta, Determination of level of reflexivity development by A. V. Karpov, Style of Self-Regulation Behaviour of Students by V. I. Morosanova. The obtained respondents’ responses (n = 110) were processed using methods of mathematical statistics, such as correlation and cluster analysis.Results and scientific novelty.Different theoretical approaches to the problem of self-attitude highlighted in the scientific literature are considered. The affective and cognitive components of self-attitude are emphasised. Significant correlation relationships between the characteristics of self-attitude and level of motivational readiness for self-knowledge and self-development of 2nd-4th-year students-psychologists of N. P. Ogarev Mordovia State University have been revealed. It appears to be rather attributed by the fact that the attitude of students towards themselves in many respects is defined by the level of formation of their reflexive and regulatory qualities, understanding of the purpose and meaning of life, confidence in the professional success, which provide an incentive for self-change and self-improvement. The conducted cluster analysis allowed the authors to group the students around different levels of professional self-attitude and self-development (very high, high average and stagnant). The results of the research show that positive self-attitude is one of the important factors in self-development. The process of awareness of self-worth encourages the person to periodically reflect on career prospects and implementation of plans, providing the grounds for creative self-realisation.Practical significance.The results obtained can be used by teachers and psychologists of higher educational institutions to organise psycho-pedagogical support for personal and professional self-development of students.

scholarly journals Values-related and Moral Foundations of legal Nihilism of Youth

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 158-173
Author(s):  
I.N. Protasova ◽  
O.A. Sychev ◽  
I.V. Anoshkin
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Young People ◽  
Legal Consciousness ◽  
Moral Foundations ◽  
Linear Modeling ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
The Law ◽  
Community Ethics ◽  
Conservative Values

Researching the psychological causes of legal nihilism in young people is urgent nowadays due to the considerable negative effect which this problem has on the society. Previous studies of psychological causes of legal nihilism often didn't take into account contemporary theoretical approaches (such as Moral Foundations Theory by J. Haidt) and relied on tools with unknown psychometric characteristics. The current research checked the hypothesis of values-related and moral foundations of legal nihilism in young people. Values were diagnosed with PVQ-R2 Questionnaire (S.Schwartz et al.), moral sphere - with Moral Foundations Questionnaire MFQ-Ru (O.A.Sychev et al.). In order to diagnose legal nihilism, a questionnaire was made which includes two scales characterizing disbelief in the law either as a generalized attitude (ideological legal nihilism) or disbelief in the law enforcement system as a result of enforcement practices (pragmatic legal nihilism). By the use of the confirmatory factor analysis it was shown that the separation of these constructs within the structure of legal nihilism (despite their strong correlation) was justified. Based on a sample of 283 students we established that legal nihilism in its different aspects is supported by the values of openness to changes, including independence of thought and conduct, hedonism and seeking stimulation, whereas it is opposed by the conservative values, including safety, tradition and conformism. Using structured linear modeling it was shown that belief in the rule of law is supported by autonomy ethics whereas trust in the law enforcement system is supported by community ethics. The results refine the conclusions previously drawn about the relationship between legal nihilism and values and add to the idea about morals as the basis of legal consciousness.

scholarly journals Ethical and psychological factors of social activity of modern young people

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-52
Author(s):  
Elena E. Bocharova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
High School Students ◽  
Young People ◽  
University Students ◽  
Social Activity ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
School Students ◽  
Moral Self ◽  
Minimum Number ◽  
Self Assessments

The purpose of the study presented in the article is an empirical study of the relationship between characteristics of moral self-determination and various forms of social activity of young people. The study involves students (N = 236): high school students (n = 118) and university students (n = 118) of Saratov and Saratov Oblast (Russia) aged from 17 to 19 years. We use the following techniques as methodological tools: a questionnaire aimed at registering various forms of social activity and the degree of its manifestation (R. M. Shamionov, I. V. Arendachuk, E. E. Bocharova and others) and the “Moral self-determination of an individual” technique (A. E. Vorobyova, A. B. Kupreychenko) to record the characteristics of moral self-determination. The hypothesis of the study is an assumption regarding presence of multidirectional relationships between the measures of manifestation of the moral self-determination parameters and self-assessments of various forms of social activity. Recognition of the importance of morality and ethics is a positive predictor of altruistic and educational and developmental forms of activity of schoolchildren and a negative predictor in the case of actualization of the socio-economic activity of university students. We have recorded the tendency of positive dynamics in the manifestation frequency of relationships between the parameters of moral self-determination and forms of social activity: from the minimum number among schoolchildren to its increase among university students. The materials presented can be implemented in the practice of advisory services of educational institutions and in the organization of socially useful activities of young people.

ANALYSIS OF WELFARE FACTORS, SUBJECTIVE HAPPINESS AND QUALITY OF LIFE OF YOUNG PEOPLE

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 27-33
Author(s):  
Д. Щетинина ◽  
D. Shchetinina ◽  
Е. Яковлева ◽  
E. Yakovleva
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Young People ◽  
University Students ◽  
Performance Indicators ◽  
Life Quality ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Young Generation ◽  
Subjective Happiness ◽  
Theoretical Approaches

The article is devoted to the study of the level of happiness, welfare and quality of life of young people. The theoretical approaches to the “quality of life”, “welfare” and “happiness” concepts are examined. The infl uencing factors like the feeling of happiness, the quality of life of young people and the dependence of the young people well-being level from economic indicators are singled out. Methods for young people life quality studying include a number of author’s questionnaires — two questionnaires were developed: for working youth and for university students. Analysis of the factors shaping the quality of life, well-being and happiness of the modern young generation made it possible to specify the notion of “happiness”, “quality of life” and “well-being” and defi ne how the feeling of happiness and wellbeing aff ects the performance indicators and the potential of young people.

scholarly journals Recreational use of forests by young people

2020 ◽  
Vol 81 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-16
Author(s):  
Jolanta Barbara Cichowska
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Young People ◽  
University Students ◽  
School Students ◽  
Forest Use ◽  
Recreational Use ◽  
Sanitary State ◽  
Forest Activities

AbstractThe article is a continuation of research conducted in 2016–2017, whose goal was to determine expectations and needs of young people regarding forests. In this study, attention is focused on different preferences of high-school students and university students. Frequency and reasons for which high-school students visit forests have been studied. Forms of forest activities preferred by the respondents as well as familiarity of young people with the sanitary state of the woodlands, the role of biocoenosis in the ecosystem and its significance for people have been analysed. The respondents’ knowledge of rules to be followed when being in a forest, use of its resources and major threats to this ecosystem have been studied.

scholarly journals Model of business interaction in corporate social responsibility strategy

2020 ◽  
Vol 164 ◽  
pp. 10017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia Milchakova ◽  
Leonid Reshetnikov
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Social Responsibility ◽  
Social Responsibility ◽  
Structural Model ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Effective Interaction ◽  
Business Community ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Corporate Social

In the current environment of increasing social and economic problems in Russian society, it is very important to increase the level of social responsibility of the business community and strengthen its institutional framework. The subject of the study is the organizational and economic relations that arise when corporations and economic entities interact in order to implement social responsibility. The paper begins with a presentation of the main theoretical approaches to defining models of corporate social responsibility of business. Elements of business social responsibility, a risk management system, and priority areas for forming a business social responsibility policy were identified. The novelty element of the research consists in building organizational and structural model of effective interaction between the management of the microsystem and mesosystem and the corporation on issues of social and economic development within the framework of the corporate social responsibility policy. The practical significance of the study is to determine the goals, objectives and principles of interaction between corporations and microsystem and mesosystems within the framework of corporate social responsibility. In addition, the areas and means of such interaction have been identified. The participation of the business community in the development of the social sphere should have a positive impact on maintaining social stability and economic balance.

Selection of favourite idols and models among Chinese young people: A comparative study in Hong Kong and Nanjing

2000 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Dong Yue ◽  
Chau-kiu Cheung
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Hong Kong ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Young People ◽  
Model Selection ◽  
University Students ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
School Students ◽  
Model Learning ◽  
Selection Of

This paper examines the conceptual differences between an idol and a model among a sample of young people in China. A questionnaire was specifically designed to measure young people’s criteria for idol worship and model learning using three pairs of contrasting constructs: idealism versus realism, romanticism versus rationalism, absolutism versus relativism. The questionnaire also asks each respondent to nominate up to three favourite idols and models in life. Atotal of 826 high school students and university students in Hong Kong and Nanjing completed the questionnaire. The results provide convergent support for the hypothesised conceptual differences between an idol and a model. Idealism, romanticism, and absolutism were more important in idol selection whereas realism, rationalism, and relativism were more important in model selection. Hong Kong young people selected significantly more idealism-romanticism-absolutism oriented celebrities whereas Nanjing young people selected significantly more realism-rationalism-relativism oriented celebrities.

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