Análise Comparativa entre a Resistência à Tração na Flexão e Compressão da Argamassa Convencional e Argamassa com Adição de Pó de Brita Granítica

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 161
Author(s):  
Jessica Pereira da Silva ◽  
Dahiane Dos Santos Oliveira Zangeski ◽  
Dayane Ferreira Nascimento ◽  
Jonathan Willian Zangeski Novais ◽  
Renata Luisa Ferreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Mass Density ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Granitic Rocks ◽  
Crushed Stone ◽  
Design Strength ◽  
Environmental Preservation ◽  
Quarry Fines ◽  
Lime Powder ◽  
The Comparative Study

Os finos de pedreira que resultam da britagem de rochas graníticas, geralmente, são descartados e ficam estocados, ocupando áreas desnecessárias em pedreiras e expostas ao vento, chuva. Diante dessa situação, observa-se um desperdício da matéria-prima e visando a preservação ambiental se percebe a alternativa de empregar o pó de brita como agregado artificial em argamassa de revestimento. Para melhor entendimento dessa possibilidade, o artigo referenciou ao estudo comparativo da resistência à compressão e tração entre a argamassa convencional e a argamassa com adição de 20% de pó de brita granítica, confeccionados de acordo com os requisitos solicitados pela NBR 13281. Os dados foram obtidos pela ruptura de 12 corpos de prova cilíndricos e 12 corpos de prova prismáticos, nas idades de 7, 14, 21 e 28 dias, para ambos os tipos de argamassas, que foram dimensionadas com a resistência de projeto de 20 MPa, com o traço em volume para argamassa convencional de 1: 3,2: 0,4 (cimento, areia e cal hidratada) e para argamassa com adição de pó de brita de 1: 2,56: 0,64: 0,4 (cimento, areia, pó de brita e cal). Os resultados comprovaram que a resistência da argamassa com adição de pó de brita granítica se demostrou mais elevada. Palavras-chave: Finos de Pedreira. Granulometria. Densidade da Massa Fresca.AbstractQuarry fines resulting from the crushing of granitic rocks are usually discarded, stored in unnecessary quarry areas and exposed to wind, rain. Faced with this situation, a waste of the raw material is observed and environmental preservation is perceived as the alternative to use the crushed stone powder as an artificial aggregate in coating mortar. For a better understanding of this possibility, the article referred to the comparative study of the compressive strength and tensile strength between the conventional mortar and the mortar with the addition of 20% granite gravel powder, made according to the requirements of NBR 13281. The data were obtained by the rupture of 12 cylindrical specimens and 12 prismatic specimens, at the ages of 7, 14, 21 and 28 days, for both types of mortars, which were dimensioned with a design strength of 20 MPa, (Cement, sand and lime hydrate) and for mortar with addition of crushed stone powder of 1: 2.56: 0.64: 0.4 ( Cement, sand, gravel and lime powder). The results showed that the strength of the mortar with the addition of granite gravel powder was higher.Keywords: Quarry Fines. Grain Size. Fresh Mass Density.

Layered Granitic Rocks at Chebucto Head, Halifax County, Nova Scotia

1975 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 456-463 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. E. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Nova Scotia ◽  
Granitic Rocks ◽  
Textural Characteristics ◽  
Rock Types ◽  
Flow Sorting

Structural, mineralogical and textural characteristics of some layered granitic rocks are described. The layers result from the segregation of minerals into bands and lenses of contrasting color and grain size. They were formed near the roof of the pluton prior to final crystallization by flow sorting during episodic shearing generated during intrusion. Comparison of the mineralogy and textures of the layered rocks with those of the main rock types of the pluton shows that the differentiation of the pluton as a whole took place after the formation of the layers by interaction of felsic components concentrated in residual liquids with earlier formed crystals.

scholarly journals USE OF SLUDGE FROM SANITARY SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANTS (S.T.P) AND THEIR USE AS RAW MATERIAL IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BRICKS

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (33) ◽  
pp. 823-840
Author(s):  
M. K. TARABAI ◽  
S. G. de AZEVEDO
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Environmental Preservation ◽  
Ceramic Block ◽  
Environmental Requirements ◽  
The One

This paper discusses a possible solution regarding the final disposal of sludge from Sanitary Sewage Treatment Stations (ET), aiming at environmental preservation. The solid waste generated after the wastewater treatment processes is highly contaminating and detrimental to the area in which it is deposited. Given this, the use of sludge with the application of reuse techniques becomes pertinent, both from the economic point of view and from the ecological point of view. By replacing the use of aggregates from mineral deposits, the main clay raw material in the manufacture of ceramic products (Vieira, 2000), by the treated sludge of WWTP we will save on the sources of granular materials. Aiming its reintegration to the production cycle through the introduction of sludge as raw material incorporated in the ceramic mass in the manufacture of hollow bricks, the viability of use was verified through performance analysis, compared to the control brick made of pottery, without the addition of sludge. Specimens were prepared with three types of samples: 90% clay and 10% sludge; 80% clay and 20% sludge; 70% clay and 30% sludge. Mass loss, water absorption index and compressive strength tests were performed. As for the tests, the specimens with 10% and 20% of sludge were the ones that had better adaptation to the technical requirements, but because it is a larger volume of the residue for the application of reuse techniques, the brick with 20% sludge dosage. is the most suitable. NBR7.171, November 1992: Ceramic Block for masonry; Specification NBR 6.461, June 1983: Masonry Ceramic Block - Compressive Strength Check: Test Method; NBR 8.947, November 1992: Ceramic Tile- Determination of Mass and Water Absorption: Test Method. As for the tests, the specimen with 20% of sludge was the one that had the best adaptation to technical and environmental requirements. The present article approaches a possible solution regarding the destination of the sludge coming from Sanitary Sewage Treatment Stations, aiming at environmental preservation. Aiming at its reintegration into the productive cycle through applications of reuse techniques, the sludge became raw material when the ceramic mass was incorporated into the brick fabrication. Three types of samples were elaborated: 90% of clay and 10% of mud; 80% clay and 20% sludge; 70% clay and 30% sludge. As for the tests, the test specimen with 20% of sludge was the one that had more adequacy to the technical and environmental requirements.

INVESTIGATING THE POSSIBILITY USING CRUSHING MATERIALS OF PRODUCTION OF JSC «NIKOPOL FERROALLOY PLANT» DURING ROAD CONSTRUCTION

2020 ◽  
Vol 264 (4) ◽  
pp. 52-58
Author(s):  
Ivan Kopynets ◽  
◽  
Oleksii Sokolov ◽  
Anton Zheltobriukh ◽  
Vasiliy Golovchenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
National Standards ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Crushed Stone ◽  
Food Utilization ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Environment Change ◽  
Sand Mixture ◽  
Stone Materials

Disposal of secondary materials is intended for the conservation of natural resources and the speedy maintenance of travels, as it is necessary to dispose of them in special missions. Utilization will be attracted by the countries of the European Union, in which all directives are in accordance with the provisions for managing the inputs. On the current year in Ukraine, there is no food utilization in the industry, that is why this part is located at the doorways that carry in itself a great risk for ecology, and only insignificant part is to be utilized in future events. This paper presents the results of a study of crushed stone materials produced by JSC «NIKOPOL FERROAL ALLOYS PLANT». Experimental researches on establishment of physical and mechanical properties of crushed stone of fraction of 5 – 10 mm, crushed stone of fraction of 10 – 20 mm, crushed stone of fraction of 20 – 40 mm, crushed stone of fraction of 40 – 70 mm, crushed stone-sand mix with the maximum grain size of 20 mm, crushed stone sand mixture with a maximum grain size of 40 mm, crushed stone-sand mixture with a maximum grain size of 70 mm and sand from screenings of crushing fraction 0 – 5 mm. The conformity of the studied materials to the requirements of national standards is established and the field of their application for the device of constructive layers of pavement is defined. Additional materials can be used without viscous for crushed stone spheres of road bedding (cover, base, additional basis), as well as with organic binders at the storage of asphalt concrete , black crushed stone, sums of organo-minerals from milling materials of road surfaces, which are prepared using the method of cold recycling, crushed stone-fueled sums, overgrown with inorganic knitting or a complex of knitting. Victory of pre-existing crushed stone materials for an hour of development of automobile roads to allow the change of technogenically new ones to the new environment, change of debts on the basis of victories of natural crushed stone materials and resources of vitality. Keywords: industrial wastes, road pavement, metallurgical slag, crushed stone, crushed stone-sand mixtures.

scholarly journals A Very Simple Method for Quickly Making Large Numbers of Measurements on Micrographs

2009 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 50-53
Author(s):  
Ron Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Grain Size ◽  
Image Analysis ◽  
Integrated Circuit ◽  
Ceramic Substrate ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Material Particle ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Plan View ◽  
Large Computer

It has been in the back of my mind to write this up for MT since I retired from a certain large computer company. Inasmuch as Paul's article above is a perfect lead-in, there is no time like the present. Our lab supported a semiconductor integrated circuit and a ceramic substrate manufacturing facility. We were continually required to measure circuit line widths on plan-view specimens and layer thicknesses on cross-section specimens for both semiconductor and ceramic substrate specimens and we were often asked to determine thin film grain size and ceramic raw material particle size data. A large number of measurements were required for each specimen to guarantee statistically sound data. We had image analysis software available that we used whenever we could, but often found that measuring things on a system using grey-level image analysis as input simply did not work. This is especially true for thin film grain size determination when using diffraction contrast TEM images for input.

A Study on Energy Consumption and CO2 Emissions According to Manufacture of Recycled Rebar Using Wasted Steel from Building Demolition

2013 ◽  
Vol 357-360 ◽  
pp. 869-875
Author(s):  
Gi Wook Cha ◽  
Won Hwa Hong ◽  
Sung Woo Shin
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Iron Ore ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Input Output ◽  
Output Analysis ◽  
Input Output Analysis ◽  
Ghg Reduction ◽  
The Comparative Study ◽  
Building Demolition

In recent year, Korea relies on imports for most of the iron ore, the main raw material of rebar, resulting in CO2 pollution with lots of energy consumption. Hereupon, this study carried out the research on the energy consumption and CO2 emissions of the recycled rebar using the wasted steel from building demolition. For that, this study worked out the energy consumption and CO2 emissions in the process of generation, transportation and production of wasted steel and, on the basis of which, it conducted the comparative study with virgin materials. The major research results are as follows: First, the energy consumption and CO2 emissions of the recycled rebar were found to be highest in the process of its production at 89.2% and 85%, respectively. In addition, in the comparison between recycled rebar and virgin material, the former was found to be most advantageous in energy consumption. On the contrary, as for CO2 emissions, the recycled rebar showed a 88.3% reduction possibility of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions comparing to statistics of input-output analysis based on competition inducement coefficient, but it was found to be more disadvantageous from the perspective of GHG reduction than the statistics of input-output analysis based on non-competition inducement coefficient.

scholarly journals Using Steel-Smelting Slag as a Raw Material Component in the Production of Asphalt Concrete

2020 ◽  
Vol 157 ◽  
pp. 06010
Author(s):  
Dmitry Kuznetsov ◽  
Marina Vysotskaya ◽  
Albert Burgonutdinov
Keyword(s):  
Asphalt Concrete ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Crushed Stone ◽  
Fatigue Properties ◽  
Initial Moment ◽  
Type B ◽  
Steel Smelting ◽  
Smelting Slag ◽  
Mineral Powder

The possibility of using polydisperse steel-smelting slag for the production of type B asphalt concrete is investigated, the possibility of its use as a mineral powder, crushing screening and crushed stone is considered. As a result of the study, it was found that a promising area for the use of slag raw materials in the technology for the preparation of asphalt mixes is: as a mineral powder - without additional processing steps; crushing screening - with the development of additional technological operations. The use of raw materials as crushed stone is impractical because of the high average density of the final asphalt mixture. Based on the test results, the characteristics of the fatigue properties of asphalt concrete from fine-grained dense mixtures of type B made on mineral powders from slag and limestone were obtained. It was established that at the initial moment, a large number of cycles to failure are characterized by compositions on slag powder, however, samples from this series tested after 45 days showed a significant rigidity increase and were destroyed earlier than similar samples on limestone. Obviously, this phenomenon is associated with an increase in the brittle properties of the material due to the formation of crystallization-condensation bonds in the structure of asphalt concrete containing slag.

scholarly journals Influence of grain size on chalcopyrite ore leaching in acidic medium

2007 ◽  
Vol 72 (8-9) ◽  
pp. 911-919 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.M. Antonijevic ◽  
G.D. Bogdanovic ◽  
S.M. Serbula ◽  
S.M. Milic
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Sulphuric Acid ◽  
Acidic Medium ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Leaching Rate ◽  
Acid Consumption ◽  
Leaching Solution ◽  
Chalcopyrite Ore

This work presents an investigation of column leaching of a chalcopyrite ore using sulphuric acid where dissolved oxygen and iron(III) ions play the role of oxidants. The investigations were carried out in PVC columns, diameter 110 mm and height 1000 mm, by percolation of the leaching solution through the ore layer. The influence of ore grain size on the degree of leaching and acid consumption was examined. The formation of gypsum on limestone results in the comminution of the initial raw material during leaching. The grain size of chalcopyrite was found to have no important influence on the leaching rate of copper. A higher consumption of sulphuric acid was found for the fractions (-3+1) mm, (?5+0) mm and (?5+3) mm than for the fractions (?10+5) mm, (?20+10) mm and (?20+0) mm. .

Study on Nano-Hydroxyapatite Assisted Preparing by Ionic Liquids

2014 ◽  
Vol 1015 ◽  
pp. 501-504 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Guang Bi ◽  
Xu Si Xu
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Specific Surface ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Specific Surface Area ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Preparation Method ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Large Scale Preparation ◽  
Scale Preparation

Papers with Ca (NO3)2• 4H2O and (NH4)2HPO4as raw material, prepared by ionic liquids assisted nanoHAP, resulting hexagonal nanoHAP are crystal grain size are 10-20nm level, are smaller nanometer range ; specific surface area, the findings show that ionic liquids have the technology to promote the significance of the preparation method can provide a reference for large-scale preparation of biomedical nanomaterials.

Optimizing Performance of Magnesia-Spinel Brick Used at Cement Rotary Kiln

2011 ◽  
Vol 250-253 ◽  
pp. 588-594 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong Wang ◽  
Yong Li ◽  
Yang Li ◽  
Rui Li ◽  
Yue Li
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Thermal Shock ◽  
Rotary Kiln ◽  
Thermal Shock Resistance ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Crushing Strength ◽  
Magnesia Spinel ◽  
Cold Crushing Strength ◽  
Comprehensive Performance ◽  
Shock Resistance

Using high pure magnesia and magnesia-spinel as the main raw material, keeping the same quantity of spinel, specimens were made with different spinel size distribution (≤0.044mm, 1-0mm, 2-1mm, 3-2mm and 3-1mm). Dextrin and brine are the binder. Specimens were dried at the temperature of 110°C for 24 hours, sintered at the temperature of 1680°C holding 8 hours in a tunnel kiln. The properties and microstructure of the specimens were analyzed. The results are shown that the addition of spinel with grain size of 3-1mm improves sintering of magnesia-spinel brick, with the thermal shock resistance reaching 18 cycles, the cold crushing strength reaching 54 MPa, improving the comprehensive performance of the magnesia-spinel brick.

Pressureless Sintering the Al2O3/SiC Nanocomposites in Deoxidized Atmosphere

2007 ◽  
Vol 280-283 ◽  
pp. 1093-1096 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhen Zhen Peng ◽  
Shu Cai ◽  
Yan Wei Wang ◽  
Hou Zheng Wu
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Grain Size ◽  
Surface Investigation ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Ceramic Matrix ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Pressureless Sintering ◽  
Dispersion Phase ◽  
Temperature Fracture ◽  
General Material

Many significant improvements have been shown in mechanical properties of ceramic nanocomposites with ceramic matrix being dispersed with second sub-micro sized (or nano-sized) phase. This study designed and fabricated Al2O3/SiC nanocomposites with a raw material used for 85% alumina as matrix and SiC grits in submicro-scale as dispersion phase via a controlled pressureless sintering in air. With coarse SiC powder as bed powder, both C and SiC powder making deoxidized atmosphere, 85Al2O3/SiC nanocomposites with different SiC contents were densified by pressureless sintering at low temperature. Fracture surface investigation indicated that dense nanocomposites with small grain size were produced. General material properties and microstructure were measured and characterized. The results showed that composites sintered in deoxidized atmosphere had better mechanical properties than those sintered in flowing argon.

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