scholarly journals THE CONTENT OF LEAD IN SOILS OF ALLOTMENT GARDENS IN ZIELONA GÓRA, POLAND

2016 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Walczak ◽  
Jakub Kostecki ◽  
Róża Wasylewicz ◽  
Tomasz Lassota ◽  
Andrzej Greinert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Reference Point ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Lead Content ◽  
Threshold Values ◽  
Allotment Gardens ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
Polish Law

<p>Lead, as a heavy metal, is harmful to living organisms (both plants and animals) and it is relatively mobile in the environment. In this article we present the results of the monitoring of the lead content in local allotment gardens (Zielona Góra, Poland). We examined both the total and the phytoavailable form. Soil samples were collected in eight places in the allotment gardens, and two places in the neighbourhood of the allotment gardens. The lead content in the soil met the Polish soil ground standards (Regulation by the Minister of the Environment of 9.09.2002). The total content of lead varied from 21 to 39 mg kg-1, (12–14 mg kg-1 at reference point) and the form potentially available for plants from 10 to 19 mg kg-1 (6–7 mg kg-1 at reference point). The content of lead does not exceed the threshold values according to Polish law.</p><p> </p><p>Ołów, jako metal ciężki, jest szkodliwy dla organizmów żywych (zarówno roślin jak i zwierząt) I jest względnie ruchliwy w środowisku. W pracy przedstawiono wyniki badań monitoringowych dot. zawartości ołowiu ogólnego oraz przyswajalnego w glebach ogródków działkowych Zielonej Góry. Próbki glebowe pobrano z 8 miejsc w obrębie ogrodów oraz z 2 miejsc referencyjnych zlokalizowanych w sąsiedztwie ogrodów. Zawartość ołowiu w glebach nie przekraczała wartości progowych wyznaczonych wg prawa polskiego, przyjętego w zarządzeniu Ministra Środowiska z dnia 9 września 2002 r. Zawartość ołowiu całkowitego wahała się od 21 do 39 mg kg-1, (12–14 mg kg-1 w punkcie referencyjnym) a ołowiu w formie potencjalnie dostępnej dla roślin od 10 do 19 mg kg-1 (6–7 mg kg-1 w punkcie referencyjnym).</p>

scholarly journals Heavy metal content in compost and earthworms from home composters

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Bożym
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Metal Content ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Heavy Metal Content ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Allotment Gardens ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Polish Law

Abstract The paper presents the results of compost tests from home composters and earthworms living there, that treating waste into compost. The samples were taken from home composters and allotment gardens from Opole Region. The composting material was green waste. The total content of heavy metals (Cd, Pb, Cu, Zn, Ni Cr) in compost and compost earthworms’ samples were determined. It was found that the compost samples were not contaminated with heavy metals. According to the Polish classification of composts from municipal wastes, the composts met the requirements for first class of quality. The composts did not exceed the limits of heavy metals specified in the Polish law for solid organic fertilizers. The degree of metal accumulation by compost earthworms depended on the type of metal. The high value of the bioaccumulation factor (BAF) was obtained for Cd, Pb and Zn. No accumulation of other metals (Ni, Cr, Cu) in earthworm bodies was found. It has been found that earthworm species, naturally occurring in Poland, can also be used as potential bioindicators of metals in the environment, such as the species Eisenia fetida. The aim of the study was to evaluate the heavy metal content in composts from home composters and ability to accumulate metals by compost earthworms.

scholarly journals Toxic Elements in Soil and Rice in Ecuador

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1594
Author(s):  
Oliva Atiaga ◽  
Jenny Ruales ◽  
Luís Miguel Nunes ◽  
Xosé Luis Otero
Keyword(s):  
Toxic Elements ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Threshold Value ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Threshold Values ◽  
Bioconcentration Factors ◽  
Rice Plants ◽  
Geochemical Fractions ◽  
Bioavailable Fraction ◽  
International Regulations

The concentration of trace toxic metals (Cr, Zn, As, Pb, Cd, Cu, and Ni) in soil and rice plants, including the stems, leaves, and grain, from the main rice-producing provinces in Ecuador, was determined. Additionally, the soils were analyzed to determine their properties, composition, total content, bioavailable fraction, and geochemical fractions of toxic elements. Approximately 30% of soil samples in the case of Cr and Cu and 10% of samples in the case of Ni exceeded the legal thresholds for Ecuador. Moreover, for Cr and Cu, approximately 4% and 13% of samples, respectively, exceeded the threshold value of 100 mg kg−1 proposed for these two elements in several international regulations. Concentrations of As, Pb, and Cd in the soils were below the threshold values established both by Ecuadorian laws and by other countries. The concentrations of metals in rice plants did not correlate linearly with the total metal concentrations in the soil, nor with their bioavailability. However, the bioconcentration factors for As, Cd, Cu, Ni, and Zn could be predicted from bioavailability by a power law with exponents ranging from −0.724 to −1.625, which is typical of accumulator plants, where trace metal homeostasis plays an important role.

scholarly journals The Content of Copper in Soils of Allotment Gardens in Zielona Góra, Poland

2014 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 41-44
Author(s):  
Barbara Walczak
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Rural Development ◽  
Soil Quality ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Land Quality ◽  
Allotment Gardens ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Heavy Metals In Soils

Abstract In this paper, the total and phytoavailable form of copper in allotment garden in Zielona Góra are presented. Soil samples were collected from eight places in the allotments gardens and two samples from outside in the neighbourhood. The total content of copper varied from 2.58 to 16.23 mg · kg-1. The form of copper potentially avail-able for plants varied from 0.2 to 3.85 mg · kg-1. The total content of copper meets the requirements of Directive by the Minister of Agriculture and Rural Development of the 21st March 2002 on the acceptable content of heavy metals in soils and Directive by the Minister of the Environment of the 9th September 2002 on the standards of soil quality and the standards of land quality

scholarly journals Risk of Chickpea (Cicer Arietinum L.) Contamination by Risk Metals from the Soil of Iraq

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (7) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Dalaram S. Ismael ◽  
Alena Vollmannová ◽  
Janette Musilová ◽  
Mária Timoracká
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Cicer Arietinum ◽  
Metal Contamination ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Limit Values ◽  
Cicer Arietinum L ◽  
Cu Content ◽  
Limit Value ◽  
Metal Contents

The aim was to evaluate the influence of the grown locality on risky metal intake from the soil to the chickpea seeds. The research was realised in three different localities of Iraq (Harer, Erbil, Ankawa) using the same chicpea cultivar. In all soil samples the determined total content of Co, Ni, Cr, and Cd exceeded the limit values (by 45% - 87%, 196% - 302%, 57% - 132% and 500% - 810%, respectively). In one locality (Harer) also the Cu content by 2% exceeded maximal allowed value given by the legislative. In all sample sites also the maximal available soil content of mobile Pb forms was by 5% - 265% exceeded. Despite of extremely high soil contents of Co, Ni, and Cr the investigated chickpea seeds are from the point of these risky metal contamination  safe. All determined values of heavy metal contents are lower than hygienic limits. Only Cd and Pb amounts in seeds of chickpea from Iraq exceeded the limit value given by legislative. Based on our results we could suppose that chickpea can be risky food if it is grown in the soil with enhanced amounts of Pb and Cd. 

Forms of Lead in Profiles of Differently Use Soil

2012 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 41-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iwona Makuch
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Lead Content ◽  
Soil Profiles ◽  
Allotment Gardens ◽  
Arable Field ◽  
Fraction I ◽  
The Town ◽  
House Gardens ◽  
Humus Horizons

Abstract In order to determine the influence of intensive horticulture on the amount of lead and its fraction contents, there were selected soil profiles from following objects to be researched: house gardens and allotment gardens from town areas and arable field on the outskirts of the town. It has not been determined that there is any influence of manner usage on total lead content as well as its distribution in soil profiles. The fractionation composition has created the following series: fraction IV > fraction III > fraction II > fraction I. The manner of usage has influenced the content and distribution the III fraction of lead connected with organic matter. Humus horizons of garden soils is characterized as the highest in its content.

scholarly journals Chemical Properties of Heavy Metal-Contaminated Soils from a Korean Military Shooting Range: Evaluation of Pb Sources Using Pb Isotope Ratios

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (15) ◽  
pp. 7099
Author(s):  
Inkyeong Moon ◽  
Honghyun Kim ◽  
Sangjo Jeong ◽  
Hyungjin Choi ◽  
Jungtae Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Heavy Metal Concentration ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Shooting Range ◽  
Geochemical Properties ◽  
Mineral Phases

In this study, the geochemical properties of heavy metal-contaminated soils from a Korean military shooting range were analyzed. The chemical behavior of heavy metals was determined by analyzing the soil pH, heavy metal concentration, mineral composition, and Pb isotopes. In total, 24 soil samples were collected from a Korean military shooting range. The soil samples consist of quartz, albite, microcline, muscovite/illite, kaolinite, chlorite, and calcite. Lead minerals, such as hydrocerussite and anglesite, which are indicative of a transformation into secondary mineral phases, were not observed. All soils were strongly contaminated with Pb with minor concentrations of Cu, Ni, Cd, and Zn. Arsenic was rarely detected. The obtained results are indicated that the soils from the shooting range are contaminated with heavy metals and have evidences of different degree of anthropogenic Pb sources. This study is crucial for the evaluation of heavy metal-contaminated soils in shooting ranges and their environmental effect as well as for the establishment of management strategies for the mitigation of environmental risks.

scholarly journals The Effect of Granular Activated Carbon and Biochar on the Availability of Cu and Zn to Hordeum sativum Distichum in Contaminated Soil

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 841
Author(s):  
Marina Burachevskaya ◽  
Saglara Mandzhieva ◽  
Tatiana Bauer ◽  
Tatiana Minkina ◽  
Vishnu Rajput ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Granular Activated Carbon ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Metal Compounds ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
High Sorption ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
Cu And Zn

The presence of heavy metals in the soil could impose serious problems on soil-plant systems due to the accumulation of heavy metals in plants. Even vital elements such as Cu and Zn have a toxic effect in the case of excessive intake by living organisms. The present work aimed to investigate the content of loosely bound (exchangeable, complexed, and specifically sorbed) compounds of Cu and Zn and their availability to spring barley (Hordeum sativum distichum) in contaminated Haplic Chernozem soil under the conditions of a model experiment (five approximate permissible concentrations (APC) and 10 APC of metal). Changes in the bioavailability of the metals upon application of carbon sorbents were observed. An increase in loosely bound metal compounds has been shown under conditions of soil contamination with metals (up to 57% of the total content). The increase in the availability of Cu in the soil was mainly due to the formation of complexed metal forms with organic matter (up to 17%). The availability of Zn was found to be associated with an increase in exchangeable (up to 21%) and specifically sorbed compounds (up to 27%). Granular activated carbon (GAC) and biochar have high sorption properties. A decrease in the content of loosely bound compounds of metals was established, especially in the most mobile forms such as exchangeable and complexed forms. The introduction of sorbents into the soil opened up a new venue for binding heavy metals in situ, eventually leading to a decrease in their bioavailability. The inactivation of Cu and Zn in the soil upon the application of sorbents led to a decrease in metal absorption by spring barley. The highest efficiency of biochar application was established at a dose of 2.5% and 5% in soil contaminations of 5 APC and 10 APC of Cu or Zn. The efficiency of the use of sorbents was more influenced by the dose of application than by the type of sorbent. There was no significant difference between biochar and GAC. Stabilization and inactivation of metals may improve soil fertility and plant growth.

scholarly journals The use of N HNO3 to determine copper and zinc levels in heavy-metal polluted tropical soils

2021 ◽  
Vol 905 (1) ◽  
pp. 012001
Author(s):  
A K Salam ◽  
M Milanti ◽  
G Silva ◽  
F Rachman ◽  
I M T D Santa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Tropical Soils ◽  
Correlation Study ◽  
Relative Strength ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Water Spinach ◽  
Polluted Soils ◽  
Chemical Extractants ◽  
Soil Zn ◽  
Zinc Levels

Abstract This study compared N HNO3 to other methods to determine plant available heavy metals in heavy-metal polluted soils. Soil samples were obtained from an experimental field treated with industrial waste after 22 years of the amendment and employed to conduct the comparative and correlation study. Soil samples were analyzed for Cu using various methods, planted in a glass house with several plants, and analyzed for soil and plant Cu and Zn. The relative strength of the chemical extractants followed the order of N HNO3 ≈ N HCl > Buffered DTPA ≈ Unbuffered DTPA > M CaCl2 ≈ N NH4OAc pH 7. A high correlation was observed for soil extracted Cu by M CaCl2 or N NH4OAc pH 7 or N HCl vs. Buffered DTPA and N HNO3 or N NH4OAc pH 7 vs. N HCl. High correlations of plant and soil Cu extracted by N HNO3 were shown by caisim, water spinach, land spinach, and corn, while plant and soil Zn were shown by caisim, water spinach, land spinach, and lettuce.

scholarly journals Arsenic and heavy metal concentrations in agricultural soils in South Savo province

2002 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 285-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. MÄNTYLAHTI ◽  
P. LAAKSO
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Mineral Soil ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Potential Hazard ◽  
Metal Concentrations ◽  
Limit Values ◽  
Heavy Metal Concentrations ◽  
Target Values

Increasing concentrations of arsenic and heavy metals in agricultural soils are becoming a growing problem in industrialized countries. These harmful elements represent the basis of a range of problems in the food chain, and are a potential hazard for animal and human health. It is therefore important to gauge their absolute and relative concentrations in soils that are used for crop production. In this study the arsenic and heavy metal concentrations in 274 mineral soil samples and 38 organogenic soil samples taken from South Savo province in 2000 were determined using the aqua regia extraction technique. The soil samples were collected from 23 farms.The elements analyzed were arsenic, cadmium, chromium, copper, mercury, nickel, lead and zinc. The median concentrations in the mineral soils were:As 2.90 mg kg –1, Cd 0.084 mg kg –1, Cr 17.0 mg kg –1, Cu 13.0 mg kg –1, Hg 0.060 mg kg –1, Ni 5.4 mg kg –1, Pb 7.7 mg kg –1, Zn 36.5 mg kg –1. The corresponding values in the organogenic soils were:As 2.80 mg kg –1, Cd 0.265 mg kg –1, Cr 15.0 mg kg –1, Cu 29.0 mg kg –1, Hg 0.200 mg kg –1, Ni 5.9 mg kg –1, Pb 11.0 mg kg –1, Zn 25.5 mg kg –1. The results indicated that cadmium and mercury concentrations in the mineral and organogenic soils differed. Some of the arsenic, cadmium and mercury concentrations exceeded the normative values but did not exceed limit values. Most of the agricultural fields in South Savo province contained only small amounts of arsenic and heavy metals and could be classified as “Clean Soil”. A draft for the target values of arsenic and heavy metal concentrations in “Clean Soil” is presented.;

scholarly journals Kandungan Logam Berat Besi (Fe) Pada Air, Sedimen, Dan Kerang Hijau (Perna viridis) Di Perairan Tanjung Emas Semarang

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Endang Supriyantini ◽  
Hadi Endrawati
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Flow Velocity ◽  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Pollution Level ◽  
Perna Viridis ◽  
Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Living Organisms

Logam berat Fe merupakan logam berat essensial yang keberadaannya dalam jumlah tertentu sangat dibutuhkan oleh organisme hidup, namun dalam jumlah yang berlebih dapat menimbulkan efek racun.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kandungan dan tingkat pencemaran logam berat Fe pada air, sedimen, dan kerang hijau (Perna viridis) di perairan Tanjung Emas Semarang. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada tanggal 7 November dan 7 Desember 2013 dengan metode penelitian deskriptif. Logam berat Fe dalam sampel air, sedimen dan kerang hijau dianalisis di Laboratorium Balai Besar Teknologi Pencegahan Pencemaran Industri (BTPPI) Semarang dengan menggunakan metode AAS (AtomicAbsorption Spectrophotometry). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perairan Tanjung Emas masih dalam taraf terkontaminasi logam Fe. Sedangkan pada sedimen dan pada kerang hijau (Perna viridis) sudah terindikasi tercemar logam Fe.Meskipun demikian variasi faktor lingkungan seperti suhu, salinitas, pH, kecepatan arus dan jenis sedimen juga memberikan kontribusi yang cukup penting terhadap kandungan logam Fe.Kata Kunci: logam Fe, Air, Sedimen, Perna viridis, metode AAS Heavy metalsiron(Fe) is anessentialheavy metalswhose presencein a certain amountis neededby living organisms, but inexcessiveamountscan causetoxic effects.The aims of the research is to analyze the heavy metals coccentration and the pollution level of Fe in water, sediment, and green mussels (Perna viridis) at Tanjung Emas Semarang. This research was conducted from 7 November and 7 December 2013 using the Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS) and research methodswithdescriptive. The results showed that the waters of the Tanjung Emas is still in the stage of heavy metals contaminated iron (Fe). Sediment and green mussels (Perna viridis)already indicated heavy metal contaminatediron. However, variations inenvironmental factorssuch astemperature, salinity, pH, flow velocity an dsediment types also providean important contributionto heavy metal contentof iron(Fe).Key Words: Fe, water, sediment, Perna viridis, metode AAS

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