Microbiological Assessment of Abattoir Effluent on Water Quality of River Katsina-Ala, Nigeria

2015 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
pp. 73-79
Author(s):  
Vershima Jose Addy ◽  
Terkimbi Jonathan Kabough ◽  
Haruna K. Mohammed ◽  
Ibrahim Aliyu
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Bacterial Load ◽  
Bacterial Count ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Proteus Vulgaris ◽  
Positive Bacterium ◽  
Streptococcus Faecalis ◽  
Dry Seasons ◽  
Klebsiella Spp

Gram-negative bacteria isolated from the abattoir effluent on surface water of River Katsina-ala in rainy and dry seasons were Escherichia coli; Klebsiella spp; Proteus vulgaris; Salmonella typhi and Gram-positive bacterium isolated was Streptococcus faecalis. In rainy season, the lowest mean bacterial count was from E.coli (0.0067+0.031 CFU/ml) and highest mean bacterial count from Salmonella typhi (0.0262+0.0079 CFU/ml). In the dry season, lowest mean bacterial count was from Proteus vulgaris (0.0081+ 0.0047 CFU/ml) and the highest from Streptococcus faecalis (0.0097+ 0.05 CFU/ml). The presence of Escherichia coli indicates possible faecal contamination. The results revealed that bacterial load was within the accepted maximum limit by WHO (2004); nevertheless, the disease causing bacteria pose threat to human health when water from the river is consumed without treatment.Keywords: microbiological; abattoir; water quality; effluent; River Katsina-ala

scholarly journals Effects of Depth and Seasons on the Physicochemical and Bacteriological Quality of Selected Well Water Samples in Awka Urban, Anambra State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-28
Author(s):  
M. U. Orji ◽  
S. C. Onuorah ◽  
M. O. Ifemeje ◽  
O. R. Umeh
Keyword(s):  
Water Samples ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Well Water ◽  
Frequency Of Occurrence ◽  
Proteus Vulgaris ◽  
Anambra State ◽  
Dry Seasons

Background: The people of Awka urban show an increasing trend of using well water resulting to unreliable and quality-compromised water supply. Aim: Effects of depth and seasons on the physicochemical and bacteriological quality of selected well water samples in Awka urban, Anambra State was conducted to determine their quality and suitability for domestic uses. A total of thirty shallow and deep well water samples were collected during the rainy and dry seasons. Methods: Physicochemical analysis was carried out using standard analytical methods. The total bacterial count was determined by dilution method. Results: Some of the physicochemical parameters (PH, dissolved oxygen, nitrate, cadmium, lead and arsenic) exceeded the World Health Organization maximum containment levels indicating that the samples were unfit for domestic uses. The bacterial counts ranged from 2.66 to 3.26 logcfu/ml during the rainy season and 2.54 to 3.20 logcfu/ml during the dry season. The total coliform counts also exceeded the W.H.O levels. Citrobacter freundii, Shigella flexneri, Serratia marcescens, Proteus vulgaris, Vibrio cholerae, Salmonella typhi, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis were isolated during both seasons and identified using standard analytical procedures. The bacterium that had the highest frequency of occurrence during the rainy season was Citrobacter freundii (16.55%) while Salmonella typhi had the highest frequency of occurrence during the dry season (17.69%) respectively. Proteus vulgaris had the least frequency of occurrence 5.41% and 4.62% during the rainy and dry seasons respectively. The results were analyzed statistically using two-way analysis of variance. Higher bacterial counts were recorded in rainy season and shallow wells than dry season and deeper wells. Conclusion: The presence of these bacteria above admissible limits showed that the water lacked proper water management services and may be harmful to humans. There is therefore a need to monitor the well water quality by employing better sanitary practices and subjecting the waters through various forms of water treatments before use to help prevent disease outbreak.

scholarly journals Bacteriospermia and Sperm Quality of Cryopreserved Bull Semen Used in Artificial Insemination of Cows in South Wollo Zone, Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Abadi Amare Reda ◽  
Gizat Almaw ◽  
Solomon Abreha ◽  
Wedajo Tadeg ◽  
Belege Tadesse
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Contamination ◽  
Semen Quality ◽  
Sperm Quality ◽  
Bacterial Load ◽  
Bacterial Count ◽  
Normal Morphology ◽  
Bull Semen ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Processing And Storage

The objectives of this trial were to estimate prevalence of bacteriospermia, to determine the bacterial load, and to isolate the types of bacteria as well as to assess the association between bacterial load and sperm quality traits in cryopreserved bull semen in field conditions in the South Wollo Zone. A total of 309 cryopreserved straws of semen from the Holstein Friesian (HF)-cross bull (n = 180 straws) and pure Jersey bull (n = 129 straws) were investigated. Bacteriological assessments of the presence of aerobic bacteria, estimation of bacterial count and bacterial isolation, as well as semen quality were performed. Aerobic bacterial contamination was prevalent in 38.8% of the semen straws. No significant difference in the prevalence of bacteriospermia was observed among bulls although the HF-cross bull had a higher prevalence (40.0%). But, significant difference in prevalence of bacteriospermia was found among semen ejaculates of the same bull. The risk of bacteriospermia in the HF-cross bull was higher (Odds ratio = 1.86, 95% CI = 0.168–20.26) compared to Jersey although not significant. Overall average bacterial load of 50.38 ± 16.29 colony-forming units (CFU)/ml (from nil to 1318.20 CFU/ml) was found. No significant difference in bacterial count among bulls and their ejaculates was observed. Moreover, correlation analysis revealed that the proportions of motility, live, and normal morphology were negatively influenced by an increase in the bacterial contamination of semen. In this study, three isolates of coagualse-negative Staphylococcus species and one isolate of Corynebacterium species were found. Average percentages of sperm motility (48.35 ± 1.23), live (66.08 ± 1.0), and normal morphology (80.62 ± 1.24) were observed. It was concluded that cryopreservation does not guarantee the quality of semen from bacterial contamination. Hence, meticulous care should be adopted to prevent contamination of semen by bacteria during collection, transportation, processing, and storage times.

scholarly journals Seasonal Changes and Spatial Variation in Water Quality of a Large Young Tropical Reservoir and Its Downstream River

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teck-Yee Ling ◽  
Norliza Gerunsin ◽  
Chen-Lin Soo ◽  
Lee Nyanti ◽  
Siong-Fong Sim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Organic Pollution ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Tropical Reservoir ◽  
Different Depths ◽  
Dry Seasons ◽  
Water Quality Deterioration ◽  
Wet And Dry Seasons

This study examined the water quality of the large young tropical Bakun hydroelectric reservoir in Sarawak, Malaysia, and the influence of the outflow on the downstream river during wet and dry seasons. Water quality was determined at five stations in the reservoir at three different depths and one downstream station. The results show that seasons impacted the water quality of the Bakun Reservoir, particularly in the deeper water column. Significantly lower turbidity, SRP, and TP were found during the wet season. At 3–6 m, the oxygen content fell below 5 mg/L and hypoxia was also recorded. Low NO2--N, NO3--N, and SRP and high BOD5, OKN, and TP were observed in the reservoir indicating organic pollution. Active logging activities and the dam construction upstream resulted in water quality deterioration. The outflow decreased the temperature, DO, and pH and increased the turbidity and TSS downstream. Elevated organic matter and nutrients downstream are attributable to domestic discharge along the river. This study shows that the downstream river was affected by the discharge through the turbines, the spillway operations, and domestic waste. Therefore, all these factors should be taken into consideration in the downstream river management for the health of the aquatic organisms.

Quality Evaluation of Jajrood River (IRAN) by Quality Indices Methods

2013 ◽  
Vol 650 ◽  
pp. 652-657
Author(s):  
Mohammad Mirzaei ◽  
Hamed Hasanian
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Quality Indices ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Management Actions ◽  
Acceptable Quality ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Dry Seasons ◽  
Better Than

This Regular evaluation and analysis of river quality helps accurate management to reach acceptable quality. In this study, water quality indices (WQI) method applied to evaluate quality of Jajrood River which is one of the main sources of Tehran drinking water. It helps to subsidize management actions in Jajrood watershed. Sampling carried out for 9 years during 2001-2010 in 10 stations along the river in wet and dry stations to identify water quality and the main source of pollution. Results show water quality in all stations classifies as medium according to National Sanitation Foundation (NSF) and water quality index in wet season is better than the corresponding value in dry seasons. Entrance of pollution during the upstream of Latian Dam (especially in populated centers) has negative effect on the water quality, however river has a good natural attenuation capacity, therefore quality index of river in the main inlet of Latian dam (Lashkarak Bridge) classifies as medium. Collecting wastewater at the populated centers and developing soil conservation and controlling erosion at the upstream of watershed can effectively improve the water quality of river.

scholarly journals Screening of some Medicinal Plants used in Nepalese Traditional Medicine against Enteric Bacteria

1970 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 107-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anup Muni Bajracharya ◽  
Kayo Devi Yami ◽  
Tista Prasai ◽  
Shital Raj Basnyat ◽  
Binod Lekhak
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Proteus Mirabilis ◽  
Enteric Bacteria ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Acorus Calamus ◽  
Proteus Vulgaris ◽  
Pseudomonas Spp ◽  
Shigella Spp ◽  
Klebsiella Spp

Antibacterial properties of ethanolic extracts of 8 medicinal plants used in Nepal to treat gastrointestinal disorders were tested against ten different species of enteropathogenic bacteria: Escherichia coli, Klebsiella spp, Citrobacter spp, Enterobacter spp, Salmonella typhi, Salmonella paratyphi, Shigella spp, Proteus vulgaris, Proteus mirabilis and Pseudomonas spp. Among the selected medicinal plants: Punica granatum, Woodfordia fruticosa, Psidium guajava and Syzygium cumini were found effective against all enteric bacteria whereas Mimosa pudica, Acorus calamus, Aegle marmelos and Anethum sowa were found ineffective against all. The minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of these plant extracts found against Salmonella typhi, Salmonella paratyphi, Proteus mirabilis and Proteus vulgaris were lower (0.39-25mg/ml) so are more susceptible whereas the plants showed lethal effect against Pseudomonas spp, Citrobacter spp, Enterobacter spp, E. coli, Shigella spp. and Klebsiella spp. at MBC value of around 25-50mg/ml. Key words: Medicinal plants; Antibacterial activity; Plant extracts.   DOI: 10.3126/sw.v6i6.2644 Scientific World, Vol. 6, No. 6, July 2008 107-110

scholarly journals Bacteriological and Physicochemical Water Quality of Four Ponds of Dhaka Metropolis

2012 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mihir Lal Saha ◽  
Meherun Nessa ◽  
Mahbubar Rahman Khan ◽  
Mohammad Nurul Islam ◽  
Sirajul Hoque
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Quality Standards ◽  
Bacterial Count ◽  
Pond Water ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Water Quality Standards ◽  
Gram Negative

The aerobic heterotrophic bacterial count of four pond water samples ranged between 6.92×104 and 1.72×106cfu/100 ml. The highest count (1.72×106 cfu/100 ml) was recorded in Zahurul Haq Hall pond water.Enteric bacterial count was found in between 1.69×104 and 3.31×105 cfu/100ml in water samples. A total of 79 isolates were obtained of which 24 were randomly selected for further study. Among them Bacillus, Micrococcus and Planococcus were Gram-positive, while Escherichia, Enterobacter and Klebsiella were Gram-negative. Physicochemical parameters of the ponds satisfied water quality standards except NH4+-N. Among the ponds, CODCr and BOD5 values of the water samples were 18.29-19.75 mg/l and 3.18-6.05 mg/l, respectively. Most of the Gram negative bacteria were found to be multi drug resistant. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjb.v41i1.11083 Bangladesh J. Bot. 41(1): 55-60, 2012 (June)

scholarly journals Assessment of microbiological quality of municipal supplied water within Dhaka Metropolis

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-30
Author(s):  
Rabeya Islam ◽  
Ahmad Kamruzzaman Majumder ◽  
Md Monzer Hossain Sarker
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Health Risks ◽  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Shigella Spp ◽  
Pump Stations ◽  
Klebsiella Spp ◽  
Vibrio Spp

Microbiological health risks related to water quality are persisting issues especially in the developing countries. Present study was conducted to evaluate the microbiological quality of municipal supply water of a defined region within Dhaka metropolis, Bangladesh. A total of 20 water samples were collected from 10 selected pump stations and 10 different consuming points to examine the burden of Salmonella spp., Shigella spp., Citrobactor spp., Escherichia coli, Klebsiella spp., Aeromonas spp. and Vibrio spp. The study also included the evaluation of impacts due to the consumption of municipal water. The results revealed that the quality of municipal supplied water was not microbiologically safe for the consumers and also demonstrated the possible commencement of various diseases including diarrhoea, typhoid, dysentery and others. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/sjm.v4i1.22758 Stamford Journal of Microbiology, Vol.4(1) 2014: 28-30

scholarly journals EXPERIMENTAL ACTIVITIES AND SCIENTIFIC INITIATION FOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS: STUDY OF THE WATERS POLLUTION

2012 ◽  
Vol 09 (18) ◽  
pp. 87-97
Author(s):  
Bruna de Paula SANTANA ◽  
Núbia Natália BRITO
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Environmental Chemistry ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
School Students ◽  
Water And Wastewater

The quality of the water is a term that doesn't only concern the determination of the purity of the same, but the characteristics also wished for your use. The teaching of Environmental Chemistry using the thematic water quality, linked to the experimental activities it can contribute to global formation of high school students giving them conditions for construction, reconstruction and production of knowledge. This way this work had as objective the construction of a mini-course for high school students, in order to these can relate the chemistry studied with some parameters related to the water quality through experimental activities. In the development of this mini-course a potability kit was used (Alfakit) for analysis of the following parameters: alkalinity, chloride, free chlorine, pH, total hardness, turbidity, color, total iron, consumed oxygen, ammonia, total coliforms, faecal coliforms and salmonella (salmonella typhi). The analyses were accomplished as standard methods for the water and wastewater. It was also made a plan and class procedure and a questionnaire given to the participant students. The results obtained starting from the determination of the parameters, already mentioned, they allowed to collaborate for the students to observe subjects related to the consumption, quality and preservation of the water. We believed that with the student participation activates in a situation of real investigation, proposal in the challenge form will be able instigate the students in the search of an answer more consolidated.

scholarly journals CHEMICAL AND MICROBIAL SAFETY OF STREET VENDED EGG ROLL IN ABEOKUTA METROPOLIS

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 53-61
Author(s):  
M. O. ADEGUNWA ◽  
D. A. OSISANYA ◽  
A. A. ADEBOWALE ◽  
H. A. BAKARE
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Bacterial Count ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Food Samples ◽  
Campylobacter Coli ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Standard Procedures ◽  
Significant Difference

A total of 12 samples of egg rolls retailed in three locations in Abeokuta and a laboratory prepared sample serving as control were analyzed for their microbial load and presence of heavy metals (Lead, Cadmium, Chromium). The samples were analyzed for bacteria using standard procedures. Analysis of the food samples showed that total viable bacterial count ranged from 1.2 x 105 to 4.2 x 105 cfu/g, total staphylococcus count ranged between 1.2 x 104 and 6.4 x 104 cfu/g, coliform count ranged from 1.0 x 104 to 3.0 x 104cfu/g, total campylobacter count ranged between 1.0x104 and1.3x104 cfu/g and there were no growths for the total listeria count. Five bacteria genera were isolated including Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella aerogenes, Salmonella typhi, Campylobacter coli. Cadmium and Chromium contamination ranged from 3.50±0.71 - 12.50±0.71 and 0.75±0.35 - 3.50±0.00 respectively. Statistical analysis of the heavy metals shows a significant difference (p<0.05) between the control and samples. The level of microbial contamination could be associated with inadequate handling and processing by processors and vendors, contamination caused by either poor hygiene or poor quality of water used. Moreover, contamination of cadmium and chromium in all the samples could be incident upon the water used in producing it, however lead was absent in all the samples. It is therefore recommended that health education should be done for food handlers and consumers about food safety.      

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