scholarly journals Assessment of the Digital Economy Development on the Example of the European Union

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 196-215
Author(s):  
N. I. Didenko ◽  
D. F. Skripnuk ◽  
V. V. Kobylinsky
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Product Life Cycle ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Digital Economy ◽  
Evolutionary Development ◽  
Digital Information ◽  
The European Union ◽  
New Production

Purpose: the study methodological approaches to assessing the level of development of the digital economy and develop recommendations for improving digitalization development management processes.Methods: the research methodology is based on the use of elements of various types of analysis, statistical methods and macroeconomic modeling methods. The empirical base is represented by a set of thematic materials, including statistical data from European Union countries.Results: the study presents various interpretations of the content of the concept of "digital economy", indicating its content in accordance with the evolutionary development of society and the progress of scientific and technological progress. Approaches to measuring the level of development of the digitalization of the economy on a global scale are considered. The absence of the universally recognized universal indicators and methods recognized in this field has been revealed. An analysis of the development of the digital economy in the countries of the European Union using the Digital Economy and Society Index (DESI) is carried out. A model has been developed that allows the grouping of EU countries taking into account the level of development of the digital economy and the characteristic features for each selected group of countries, which will increase the efficiency of managerial decisions in the direction of the development of CEs in specific conditions.Conclusions and Relevance: the differentiation in the level of development of the countries of the European Union determines the presence of significant differences in strategic priorities in the implementation of the digitalization of the economy. The main direction of digitalization of the economy should be considered industrial production. A new production paradigm is the formation of intelligent production based on the introduction of digital production and digital information technologies in the main stages of the product life cycle. Sociocyberphysical systems capable of solving key problems, both in the digitalization of production systems and becoming the locomotives of the growth of the new economy, are being formed in this context. They have the ability to interact with both the environment and the social sphere through the creation of new jobs. The developed model is focused on taking into account the specific features of the development of a country (group of countries), allows you to identify key problems in the development of the digital economy and timely take the necessary measures to solve them.

scholarly journals Circular Economy and Economic Development in the European Union: A Review and Bibliometric Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (18) ◽  
pp. 7767 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vítor Domingues Martinho ◽  
Paulo Reis Mourão
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Bibliometric Analysis ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
Ecological Footprint ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
The European Union ◽  
New Production ◽  
Bibliographic Data ◽  
Ways Of Life

Increased changes in the climate and ecosystems call for a sustainable economic development, where economic growth should be compatible with the environment goals. In order to do this, it is urgent to find new ways of life and new production systems that make our ecological footprint compatible with global sustainability. The concept of the circular economy has brought relevant contributions to this problem. The central objective of the study presented here is to highlight the main insights presented through scientific literature about the concept of the circular economy within the European Union. In practice, the intention is to show what has already been done about this topic and what can/should be implemented in the future. To achieve these objectives, 144 articles were considered from the Web of Science (Core Collection) for the topics “circular economy” and “European Union”. These documents were, firstly, analysed through a proper literature review and later explored through bibliometric analysis, considering bibliographic data and the VOSviewer software. As the main findings have revealed, the increased importance of this concept within the European Union is recognized. However, this paper also identifies several challenges in the literature, namely the concentration of the identified publications in certain countries, organizations, and authors.

The Google Ireland Case and the Legal Battle over Digital Taxes in the European Union

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 209-220
Author(s):  
Giulio Allevato ◽  
Fernando Pastor-Merchante
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Digital Economy ◽  
Free Movement ◽  
Preliminary Ruling ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Topical Issue ◽  
Member States ◽  
Court Of Justice ◽  
Legal Battle ◽  
The Way

The preliminary ruling of the Court of Justice of the European Union in the Google Ireland case turned on the compatibility with the rules on free movement of some of the administrative arrangements put in place by Hungary in order to administer its controversial advertisement tax (namely, the obligation to register and the penalties attached to the failure to comply with that obligation). The preliminary ruling offers some interesting insights on the way in which the Court assesses the compatibility with the freedom to provide services of national administrative arrangements aimed at ensuring the effective collection of taxes. This is a topical issue in the context of the recent efforts made by Member States to tax the digital economy more effectively.

scholarly journals TAXATION ARISING FROM DIGITALISATION: ISSUES AT STAKE

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Velarde Aramayo ◽  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
European Union ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Tax Avoidance ◽  
The United States ◽  
Digital Economy ◽  
Tax Structure ◽  
The European Union ◽  
International Consensus ◽  
European Union Countries

The OECD is leading global efforts to reach an international consensus around the BEPS Project with the G20 support. Action 1 works on the tax challenges of the digital economy and its proposals have been made with the «inclusive framework» participation that brings together more than 137 countries. The article focuses on the legitimacy, operation, and consequences of all this work for developing countries that, according to estimates of the UNCTAD, lost annually U$100 billion due to tax avoidance schemes by MNEs. The OECD/G20 inclusive framework is designing a new global tax structure and its proposals attempt to introduce new rules on taxing rights allocation and distribution. At the same time, some countries have adopted unilateral measures in order to tax some digital businesses. Finally, the European Union Countries continue to delay the adoption of the CCCTB and DST Directive proposals, and the United States has introduced the GILTI legislation that seeks to tax the global intangible income. Everything seems to indicate that in the next years the international tax architecture will be changed in deep.

scholarly journals Legal procuring of international information/cyber security of the digital economy: economic and legal aspects

E-Management ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 61-66
Author(s):  
L. O. Gontar’
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Cyber Security ◽  
Law And Economics ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Legal Aspects ◽  
Digital Economy ◽  
Substantial Part ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The Impact

The article considers a problem of the definition of the digital economy, as well as presents a new theme on the legal procuring of international cyber security. The above mentioned new direction serves as an indicator of possible interdisciplinary research in the field of law and economics in the sphere of digital processes. As a justification the acts of the European Union have been adduced and their characteristic features, which consist in consideration of a substantial part of digital economy (economic party) have been allocated. This integration association has a unique structure and history, but the process of regulating the digital economy in the European Union began not so long ago. The European Union is one of the few integration associations that has started to work on improving the mechanisms of legal regulation of the digital market. This circumstance certainly affects the development of an integrated approach to the understanding of the digital economy, as well as further actualizes the issue of considering the legal procuring of international cyber security of this phenomenon. Legal procuring of security is a new direction in the international legal field, which will allow to consider the legal aspects in demand in the digital economy. The challenges in relation to international cyber security and the impact of the conceptual apparatus on the issues of the legal procuring of the security of the digital economy have been considered. It is important to note that the article suggests possible solutions to the problem posed. At the end of the article three proposals for improving approaches to the security of the digital economy have been elaborated. In terms of their qualitative characteristics, the proposals, undoubtedly, relate to legal and technical aspects, but also solutions regarding the conceptual component of the legal procuring of the security have been presented.

Innovation-Led Development

2020 ◽  
pp. 467-491
Author(s):  
Ivana Domljan ◽  
Vjekoslav Domljan
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Research And Development ◽  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
Tax Incentives ◽  
African Union ◽  
Business Sector ◽  
The European Union ◽  
New Production ◽  
Policy Measures

An effective innovation system provides rules and procedures that nurture ideas, research, and increase in knowledge, resulting in new goods/services, new production or organisational processes, or new marketing techniques, and hence is a major source of technological progress does not exist in Bosnia and Herzegovina. In order for Bosnia and Herzegovina to increase and strengthen the commercialization of research and innovativeness of companies, it is necessary to (1) increase investments in R&D at least to the norm of the African Union (1% of GDP), as the European Union norm (3% of GDP) is too high, and (2) design and implement policy measures aimed at stimulating the research and development capacities of the business sector (through tax incentives for staff and capital engagement) to strengthen the activities of commercialization of research and development and links between universities and business companies (e.g., to establish a program for the establishment of technology and innovation centres [one per region]).

Avatar-Based Control and Development of Neuron Multi-Functional Platforms for Transformation Processes in the Digital Economy

2020 ◽  
pp. 231-247
Author(s):  
Vardan Mkrttchian ◽  
Serge V. Chernyshenko ◽  
Ekaterina Aleshina
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Digital Economy ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Transformation Models ◽  
Triple H ◽  
Transformation Processes ◽  
Technological Platforms ◽  
Functioning Mechanism

The diverse sectors of the economy are subject to transformational processes in the digital economy. The reason for the rapid digital progress based on a functioning mechanism and the great attention to this transformation are the only economic reasons for reducing the costs of the transformation elements that are present in every product and, along with the transformation, affect mainly all sectors of the economy. For example, in the European Union there is a Permanent Forum on the digital teaching of environmental disciplines. In authors' opinion, the existing transformation models are extremely useful in connection with the decision of Russia and the EAEU member countries on the transformation of Digital Economy. This chapter sets the task of managing on the basis of avatars and developing neural multifunctional technological platforms for transformation processes in Digital Economy as based on the analysis of world experience in the use of digital technologies in teaching environmental disciplines and Triple H Avatar.

Sow agonistic behaviour of two breeds moved from individual stalls to an outdoor park

2007 ◽  
Vol 2007 ◽  
pp. 203-203
Author(s):  
S. R. Silva ◽  
A. Lourenço ◽  
A. L. Fernades ◽  
E. LeBras ◽  
J. C. Almeida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Animal Welfare ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Viable Alternative ◽  
Agonistic Behaviour ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Public Concern ◽  
Technical Developments

Public concern about animal welfare has increased both legislation and consumer pressure, to introduce new technical developments in sow’s housing. In recent years, there has been increased interest in less intensive production systems for pigs, including outdoor production. The issue of sow’s housing and its relation to welfare has been investigated for sometime now (SVC, 1997; McGlone et al., 2004). Concerns over animal welfare combined with European based scientific data have led to the progressive removal of gestation stalls in several European countries, and from 2013 the use of stalls will be restricted throughout the European Union. Therefore one of the greatest challenges in swine housing management is the development of a viable alternative to stalls. In this way, we carried out a study to (1) compare the agonistic behaviour of two breeds of sows moved from individual stalls to an outdoor park, and to (2) determine the evolution of behaviour throughout four weeks of study for each breed.

Nanotechnology as a proxy to capture regional economic development? New findings from the European Union Framework Programmes

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Calignano
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Regional Economic Development ◽  
The European Union ◽  
New Production ◽  
Regional Economic ◽  
Private Organizations ◽  
New Findings ◽  
Framework Programmes ◽  
Key Enabling Technologies

AbstractThe European Union has included nanotechnology in the Key Enabling Technologies helping countries to tackle current and future societal challenges thanks to their applications in multiple industries. Furthermore, one theme named “Nanosciences, Nanotechnologies, Materials and New Production Technologies” was included in the Sixth and Seventh Framework Programmes with the purpose of financing organizations specifically involved in nanotechnology activities. The empirical analysis presented in this paper aims to reconstruct the participation of the Italian private, public and public-private organizations at the regional level in the European Union nanotechnology network. The hypothesis is that a high share of private organizations and a well-balanced proportion of private and public entities are beneficial for knowledge circulation potentially leading to innovation. This paper confirms the findings of other recent studies by revealing that the participation of private, public and public-private organizations at the European Union level overlaps the distribution of the nanotechnology activities in Italy and the regional disparities in the country. More in general, this paper strengthens the concept that the interdisciplinary nature of nanotechnology and the collaborations fostered by the Framework Programmes enable researchers to capture regional economic development from a global viewpoint.

scholarly journals Intellectualization of Human Capital Development in the Digital Economics: the Importance for Improvement of Economic Security of Enterprises

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3C) ◽  
pp. 176-182
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
Digital Economy ◽  
Human Capital Development ◽  
Digital Competencies ◽  
Business Structures ◽  
Capital Development ◽  
To Receive

The article defines the prerequisites that actualize the study of intellectualization of human capital development in the digital economy. The importance of intellectual capital in securing innovative development of society and enhancing competitive positions on a global scale while using modern information technologies are emphasized. The necessity of increasing the motivation to receive education, which meets the needs of business structures in the digital economy is determined. The importance of formation of digital competencies of key groups that are under study by the leading international organizations of the world is determined. The importance of developing new approaches to the process of realizing the potential of economic security of enterprises during the digitization of the economy is emphasized. The peculiarities of the interconnection of the process of intellectualization of human capital and economic security of enterprises in the digital economy are identified.

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