scholarly journals Trends in caesarean section rates in a rural block of southern India

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 3305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Divya Elizabeth Muliyil ◽  
Manjunath K. ◽  
Jasmin Helan ◽  
Shantidani Minz ◽  
Kuryan George ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Caesarean Section ◽  
Perinatal Mortality ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Caesarean Section Rate ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Annual Rate ◽  
Average Annual Rate ◽  
Live Births ◽  
Rate Of Increase

Background: Over the last decade many programmes have been implemented to improve the health of pregnant women and neonates. This study aims to look at the changes in modes of delivery and perinatal mortality rates in a rural block of Tamil Nadu between 2006 and 2015.Methods: Data on all the births that have occurred in this rural block of Tamil Nadu that has been prospectively collected between 2006 and 2015 was analysed. A longitudinal analysis was done to calculate the primary and overall caesarean section rate and the average annual rate of increase. The perinatal mortality rate was also calculated.Results: The primary LSCS rate has increased from 9.08% in 2005 to 16.1% in 2015. The overall caesarean section rate has increased from 11.7% to 19.2% in the same time with an average annual rate of increase of 5.1%. During this period the perinatal mortality has decreased from 33 per 1000 live births to 17 per 1000 live births.Conclusions: Though the overall caesarean section rate is higher than the 15% prescribed by WHO the rates are lower than the rest of the country and rural Tamil Nadu.

Explanation of Perinatal Mortality Rate in Collaborative Study

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1973 ◽  
Vol 52 (6) ◽  
pp. 891-891
Author(s):  
Arnold S. Goldstein ◽  
Henry H. Mangurten
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Perinatal Mortality ◽  
Umbilical Artery ◽  
Collaborative Study ◽  
The United States ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Single Umbilical Artery ◽  
Neonatal Deaths ◽  
General Mortality ◽  
Future Management

The article by Froehlich and Fujikura1 on the prognosis of single umbilical artery is a much needed and highly informative addition to the literature. It presents a great deal of information and some important implications as to future management. We question the mortality rates quoted. They are given as percentages, and include stillbirths and neonatal deaths, i.e., perinatal mortality. The figure given as the general mortality rate is 3.8% or 38 per 1,000 births. Previous figures cited for perinatal mortality in the United States have varied from approximately 19 per 1,000 to approximately 26 per 1,000.2-4 We wonder how the figure of 38 per 1,000 was determined.

scholarly journals The incidence of skin melanoma in the Russian Federation and federal districts

2018 ◽  
pp. 161-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. P. Malishevskaya ◽  
A. V. Sokolova ◽  
L. V. Demidov
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Annual Rate ◽  
First Year ◽  
Visual Localization ◽  
Skin Melanoma ◽  
Average Annual Rate ◽  
Male Population ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
The Russian Federation

Over the past 40 years, the incidence of skin melanoma in the world has increased approximately 3-fold.To study the current epidemiological situation of skin melanoma in the Russian Federation, data on the absolute, coarse and standardized incidence rates of melanoma (S43) in the male and female populations were analyzed. The specific gravity of the melanoma patients detected actively was analyzed at different stages of the tumor process who died within the first year since the diagnosis was established between 2006–2016.The incidence of skin melanoma in the Russian population is characterized by a constant increase of indexes, the average annual rate of increase in the incidence of the Russian Federation’s population of melanoma is 2 times higher than that of the general oncological morbidity. A higher average annual rate and a general increase in the incidence of SM is recorded in the male population. Only every 4th patient in the RF is detected actively, despite the fact that melanoma is a tumor of visual localization. In general, only one third of patients with skin melanoma (32.8%) are diagnosed in the first stage of the tumor process in the Russian Federation. Over the period from 2006 to 2016 in Russia, the indicators of neglect on skin melanoma significantly decreased by 40.6%, however they remain at an unacceptably high level. The index of the first-year lethality from skin melanoma in Russia for the period from 2006 to 2016 decreased by 26.01%.To improve the index of active detection of patients with SM, especially in the early stages, it is necessary to create a system for interaction of primary contact physicians with the patient (dermatovenerologists, cosmetologists, therapists) with the oncological service, the formation of on-alertness among physicians of all specialties, and among the population.

Analysis of selected perinatological indicators in the Slovak Republic in the years 2007–2018

2021 ◽  
Vol 86 (2) ◽  
pp. 102-109
Author(s):  
Miroslav Korbeľ ◽  
◽  
Pavel Kaščák ◽  
zuzana Nižňanská
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Perinatal Mortality ◽  
Total Fertility Rate ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Slovak Republic ◽  
In Utero ◽  
Fertility Rate ◽  
Live Births

Overview Objective: Analysis of perinatal mortality in the Slovak Republic during the years 2007–2018. Methods: Analysis of prospectively collected selected perinatal data in the years 2007–2018. Results: In the year 2007, there were 63 obstetrics units, 51,146 deliveries and that of live births 51,650 in the Slovak Republic. The number of obstetrics units decreased to 51 in the years 2018, the total number of deliveries increased to 57,085 and that of live births increased to 57,773. The total fertility rate in the years 2007–2018 increased from 1.27 to 1.54. The preterm deliveries rate increased from 7.3% in the year 2007 to 8.5% in the year 2010 and decreased to 7% in the year 2018. The perinatal mortality rate decreased from 6.2 in the year 2007 to 4.4 in the year 2017, increased again in the years 2018 to 5.0 and according to the criteria of WHO (World Health Organization) to 6.6 per 1,000 still- and live-births. During the years 2007–2018 at perinatal mortality stillbirth participate with 65%, low birth weight with 63% and severe congenital anomalies with 19%. Transport in utero to perinatological centers in the years 2007–2018 has decreased from 57 to 56% for infants 1,000–1,499 g and from 75 to 73% for infants below 1,000 g. Conclusion: In the year 2017, perinatology in the Slovak Republic reached the best result in the perinatal mortality rate – 4.4‰ (0.44%), but has increased to over 5‰ next year. To further reduce perinatal mortality in the Slovak Republic, it is necessary to improve the prenatal dia­gnosis of severe congenital abnormalities, transport in utero of very low birth weight fetuses, centralization of high-risk pregnancies, obstetric personnel and material-technical equipment of obstetricians and neonatal intensive care units. Keywords: perinatal mortality – preterm delivery – multiple pregnancy – low birth weight – very low birth weight – total fertility rate

scholarly journals Analysis of repeat LSCS in a tertiary care centre

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 1963
Author(s):  
M. Poovathi ◽  
Suilharsini T. S.
Keyword(s):  
Caesarean Section ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Caesarean Section Rate ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Care Needs ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Set Up

Background: Caesarean section (CS) rates continue to increase worldwide, particularly in middle and high-income countries without evidence indicating substantial maternal and perinatal benefits from the increase and some studies showing negative consequences for maternal and neonatal health. The objective of this study is to analyse the repeat caesarean section rates in a tertiary centre.Methods: This is a retrospective study carried out in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Pudhukottai Medical College, Tamil Nadu, India for a 12-month period from January 2017 to December 2017 with the aim to analyse the rate and indications for caesarean section and to identify the measures to decrease its incidence if possible. A total of 2654 cesarean deliveries were conducted in one year, out of which 1380 (51.99%) were primary cesarean sections and 1274(48%) were repeat cesarean sections.Results: Repeat LSCS is more common in age group of 21-30 years (80%) and in second gravida (90.42%). The incidence of caesarean section is 94.6%. Patients who had successful trial of scar were 73. In all these patients, measures were taken to shorten the 2nd stage of labour either by giving episiotomy alone or by application of outlet forceps or vacuum. Out of these 62 (84.9%) patients were delivered by episiotomy alone.Conclusions: Caesarean section has become one of the commonly performed surgeries in obstetric practice. Implementation of standard labour management strategies can reduce primary caesarean section rate without compromising maternal and fetal safety. One important strategy is ROBSON ‘S 10 GROUP classification system for caesarean section needs to be adopted. Targets of care needs to be set up which also depends on the available resources and expertise. With continuous critical review as described and frequent comparison with other delivery units, the caesarean section rate in each individual unit can be reduced to an appropriate level.

Retrospective analysis of neonatal deaths secondary to infections in England and Wales, 2013–2015

2020 ◽  
pp. fetalneonatal-2020-319093
Author(s):  
Godwin Oligbu ◽  
Leila Ahmed ◽  
Laura Ferraras-Antolin ◽  
Shamez Ladhani
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Retrospective Analysis ◽  
Neonatal Mortality ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Neonatal Mortality Rate ◽  
England And Wales ◽  
Neonatal Deaths ◽  
Live Births ◽  
Extremely Preterm ◽  
Related Mortality

ObjectiveTo estimate the overall and infection-related neonatal mortality rate and the pathogens responsible using electronic death registrations.DesignRetrospective analysis of national electronic death registrations data.SettingEngland and Wales.PatientsNeonates aged <28 days.Main outcome measuresOverall and infection-related mortality rate per 1000 live births in term, preterm (28–36 weeks) and extremely preterm (<28 weeks) neonates; the contribution of infections and specific pathogens; comparison with mortality rates in 2003–2005.ResultsThe neonatal mortality rate during 2013–2015 (2.4/1000 live births; 5095 deaths) was 31% lower than in 2003–2005 (3.5/1000; 6700 deaths). Infection-related neonatal mortality rate in 2013–2015 (0.32/1000; n=669) was 20% lower compared with 2003–2015 (0.40/1000; n=768), respectively. Infections were responsible for 13.1% (669/5095) of neonatal deaths during 2013–2015 and 11.5% (768/6700) during 2003–2005. Of the infection-related deaths, 44.2% (296/669) were in term, 19.9% (133/669) preterm and 35.9% (240/669) extremely preterm neonates. Compared with term infants (0.15/1000 live births), infection-related mortality rate was 5.9-fold (95% CI 4.7 to 7.2) higher in preterm (0.90/1000) and 188-fold (95% CI 157 to 223) higher in extremely preterm infants (28.7/1000) during 2013–2015. A pathogen was recorded in 448 (67%) registrations: 400 (89.3%) were bacterial, 37 (8.3%) viral and 11 (2.4%) fungal. Group B streptococcus (GBS) was reported in 30.4% (49/161) of records that specified a bacterial infection and 7.3% (49/669) of infection-related deaths.ConclusionsOverall and infection-related neonatal mortality rates have declined, but the contribution of infection and of specific pathogens has not changed. Further preventive measures, including antenatal GBS vaccine may be required to prevent the single most common cause of infection-related deaths in neonates.

scholarly journals Neonatal and perinatal mortality trend among 23,000 babies delivered during three years at an urban university teaching hospital of Nepal

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 90-95
Author(s):  
Rateena Rajbhandari ◽  
Puja Amatya ◽  
Shova Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Perinatal Mortality ◽  
Mode Of Delivery ◽  
Final Outcome ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
Microsoft Excel ◽  
Live Births ◽  
Perinatal Audit ◽  
Urban University

Introductions: Perinatal mortality rate (PMR) of Nepal is 31 deaths per 1000 pregnancies and neonatal mortality rate (NMR) is 21 deaths per 1000 live births according to Nepal Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS) 2016. This study aims to analyse the trend of PMR and NMR of babies delivered at Patan hospital, Nepal. Methods: This was a retrospective study done in the department of Pediatrics to analyse the trend of neonatal and perinatal outcome of babies delivered during three years from April 2016 to March 2019 at Patan Hospital, Patan Academy of Health Sciences, Nepal. Data was collected from hospital records and perinatal audit. The mode of delivery (vaginal, instrumental, caesarian), birth status (sex, premature, still, live, APGAR, birth weight) and final outcome (neonatal and perinatal mortalities) were analyzed descriptively using Microsoft Excel 2010. Results: The final outcome of total 22937 deliveries during three years were PMR 4.34, corrected PMR 10.85 per 1000 total births and NMR 3.62 per 1000 live births. There were 22913 (99%) live births, 3090 (13.3%) had low birth weight, 11898 (52%) spontaneous vaginal delivery, 10700 (47%) cesarean and 339 (1.5%) instrumental deliveries. Conclusions: The overall PMR was 4.34 per 1000 total births and NMR was 3.62 per 1000 live births at Patan Hospital.

scholarly journals The rate and perioperative mortality of caesarean section in Sierra Leone

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. e001605 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hampus Holmer ◽  
Michael M Kamara ◽  
Håkon Angell Bolkan ◽  
Alex van Duinen ◽  
Sulaiman Conteh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Caesarean Section ◽  
Sierra Leone ◽  
Caesarean Section Rate ◽  
Late Presentation ◽  
Limited Data ◽  
Perioperative Mortality ◽  
Maternal Deaths ◽  
Live Births ◽  
Surveillance And Response ◽  
Population Rate

IntroductionSierra Leone has the world’s highest maternal mortality, partly due to low access to caesarean section. Limited data are available to guide improvement. In this study, we aimed to analyse the rate and mortality of caesarean sections in the country.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective study of all caesarean sections and all reported in-facility maternal deaths in Sierra Leone in 2016. All facilities performing caesarean sections were visited. Data on in-facility maternal deaths were retrieved from the Maternal Death Surveillance and Response database. Caesarean section mortality was defined as in-facility perioperative mortality.ResultsIn 2016, there were 7357 caesarean sections in Sierra Leone. This yields a population rate of 2.9% of all live births, a 35% increase from 2012, with district rates ranging from 0.4% to 5.2%. The most common indications for surgery were obstructed labour (42%), hypertensive disorders (25%) and haemorrhage (22%). Ninety-nine deaths occurred during or after caesarean section, and the in-facility perioperative caesarean section mortality rate was 1.5% (median 0.7%, IQR 0–2.2). Haemorrhage was the leading cause of death (73%), and of those who died during or after surgery, 80% had general anaesthesia, 75% received blood transfusion and 22% had a uterine rupture diagnosed.ConclusionsThe caesarean section rate has increased rapidly in Sierra Leone, but the distribution remains uneven. Caesarean section mortality is high, but there is wide variation. More access to caesarean sections for maternal and neonatal complications is needed in underserved areas, and expansion should be coupled with efforts to limit late presentation, to offer assisted vaginal delivery when indicated and to ensure optimal perioperative care.

Comparison of incidences and indications of multi primary caesarean with primi caesarean mothers in a tertiary care teaching hospital

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
pp. 4263
Author(s):  
M. Sujatha Alagesan ◽  
M. Meena
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Caesarean Section ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Caesarean Section Rate ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Foetal Distress ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Clinical Profiles

Background: The incidences and indications of caesarean sections between the primary caesarean multies and caesarean primies were comparable in respect of their demographical and clinical variables of mothers and their foetal outcomes. Aim and objective of the study was to analyze the incidences and indications of primary caesarean multies and caesarean primies. To compare the incidences and indications of mothers between the primary caesarean multies and caesarean primies. To compare the demographic and clinical profiles of the mothers and babies.Methods: During January to June 2016 total of 3583 deliveries were conducted in Tiruneleli Medical College Hospital, Tamil Nadu, India. Among them 89 and 1168 were primary caesarean multies and caesarean primies respectively. They had been compared according to the objectives.Results: The caesarean incidences were 62.5% among the primies and 4.8% among the multies as Primary. The primary caesarean incidences among the multies were statistically significantly lesser in the 15-24 ages than the primi (P<0.05). 25-29 age bracket the incidences were not differed significantly (P>0.05). After 30 years of age, the incidences were statistically significantly increased among the multies (P<0.05). The birth weight of babies did not show any statistically significant indications between the two groups (P>0.05). The indications of Foetal distress, Severe Oligo hydration and others did not show any statistically significantly difference between the groups (P>0.05). Mal presentation and Ante Partum hemorrhage were significantly more among the multies than primies (p<0.05) and Failed indication and CPD were the significantly lesser indication than the primies (P<0.05).Conclusions: Without reducing the caesarean section rate in primi we cannot bring down the overall caesarean rate of delivery.

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