scholarly journals Role of prostatic specific antigen density and its correlation with histopathology in diagnosis of the carcinoma of prostrate

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (8) ◽  
pp. 2837
Author(s):  
Yashashvi Choudhary ◽  
Mohit Kumar Patel ◽  
Padmakar K. Baviskar
Keyword(s):  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Prostatic Biopsy ◽  
Ml Estimation ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Prostatic Diseases ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

Background: The specific threshold for prostate-specific antigen (PSA) to delineate patients who are at the highest risk has been controversial. It is wiser to refine PSA by its derivative parameter like PSAD (PSA/vol) which can be used as a better diagnostic tool in early detection of carcinoma of prostrate. To evaluate sensitivity and specificity of PSAD in diagnosis of carcinoma of prostrate.Methods: A study including 70 patients was done in Pravara Medical College and Rural Hospital, Loni. Patients were screened for prostatic diseases by DRE, blood PSA (ng/ml) estimation, prostatic volume by transabdominal ultrasonography and prostatic biopsy by FNAC or Tru cut Biopsy.Results: In the present study maximum incidence of BPH and CaP manifested in the age group of 61-70 (i.e., 35.18%) and Ca prostate were in age group of 71-80 (i.e., 50%). The maximum number of patients with BPH were having PSA values between 3-10 ng/ml, where as in CaP the value varied between 10.1-20 ng/ml. The maximum number of patients were in the range of 3-10 ng/ml in which age group 61-70 were having highest (35.71% of the pts in that range) followed by PSA range 10.1-20 ng/ml in which, age group 71-80 have shown maximum number (54.54% of the pts in that range) . The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy of PSAD in diagnosing malignant prostatic diseases were analysed and values were as follows: sensitivity: 87.50%, specificity: 92.59%.Conclusions: It was concluded that patients with PSAD >0.15 can be advised for prostatic biopsy and regular follow so that appropriate treatment is performed and mortality due to prostatic malignancy is reduced.

scholarly journals Role of Serum Total PSA (Prostate Specific Antigen) and Free to Total PSA Ratio in the Diagnosis of Carcinoma Prostate

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-26
Author(s):  
S Ferdousi ◽  
MA Alim ◽  
Z Ferdous ◽  
A Khatun ◽  
N Sultana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Specific Antigen ◽  
Prostatic Carcinoma ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Serum Prostate Specific Antigen ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Carcinoma Prostate ◽  
Total Psa ◽  
Total Ratio

The objective of the study was to evaluate and compare the role of total and free/total ratio of serum prostate specific antigen level in diagnosing carcinoma prostate. A cross sectional study was conducted at the Department of Biochemistry, Dhaka Medical College (DMC) with collaboration of the Department of Urology, Dhaka Medical College Hospital (DMCH), Dhaka from July 2008 to June 2009. This study was carried out on 60 patients above 50 years of age who attended the Department of Urology, Dhaka Medical College Hospital, complaining of irritative or obstructive lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) suspected as clinically benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) or cancer prostate. It was aimed to assess the role of total and free/total ratio of serum PSA in diagnosis of BPH and carcinoma prostate with reference to histological diagnosis. All the cases were evaluated by history, physical examination including digital rectal examination, serum prostate specific antigen level, transabdominal/ trans-rectal ultra- sonogram. From all patients, blood sample were collected before digital rectal examination or any per urethral manipulation. Final diagnosis was obtained by histo-pathological examination, specimen being obtained by perrectal biopsy with biopsy-gun. Histopathological examination detected prostate cancer in 20 out of 60 patient and 17 of these Cap 20 have a total PSA ? 4 ng/ml and only 3 have total PSA ? 4 ng/ml. 18 of these 20 have free to total ratio ?0.16 and 02 have f/t ratio ?0.16. Among 60 patients, 40 patients were detected BPH on histopathological diagnosis. 20 of these BPH patient have tPSA ? 4 ng/ml and 20 of BPH have tPSA ? 4 ng/ml. 38 of 40 BPH patient have f/t ratio >0.16 and 2 of 40 patient are f/t ratio ?0.16. Receiver operating characteristic analysis indicated a threshold f/t ratio ? 0.16 was optimum discriminatory level. The sensitivity of total serum PSA (at cut off value of >4 ng/ml) in correctly differentiating prostatic carcinoma of those who have the condition is 85%, while the specificity of the test in correctly detecting those who do not have the disease is 50%. The PPV is 45.9%, NPV is 87% and accuracy is 61.7%. The sensitivity of free/total serum PSA (at cut off value of 0.16 ng/ml) in correctly differentiating prostatic carcinoma from BPH is 90%, while the specificity of the test in correctly detecting those who do not have prostatic carcinoma is 95%. The PPV of the test is 90% and the NPV of the test is 95%. The overall accuracy of the test is 93.3%. This study showed significant difference of total and free/total ratio of serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) in differentiating benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) from carcinoma prostate. Receiver operating characteristic curves showed advantage for the f/t PSA ratio when compared with total PSA in detecting prostate cancer. From the study it may be concluded that total and f/t ratio of prostate specific antigen (PSA) is a useful marker in diagnosis of carcinoma prostate. Free/total ratio is more accurate than total PSA. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjmb.v4i1.13778 Bangladesh J Med Biochem 2011; 4(1): 21-26

scholarly journals Role of Four Layer Compression Dressings in Management of Chronic Venous Ulcers

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (02) ◽  
pp. 42-45
Author(s):  
Luv Luthra ◽  
Rajendra Prasad ◽  
Ranjith Kumar ◽  
Nivedita Mitta ◽  
Tinku Varghese
Keyword(s):  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Healing Rate ◽  
Randomized Study ◽  
Compression Therapy ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Duration Of Treatment ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Venous Ulcers

Abstract Introduction Nonhealing venous ulcers are one of the most common forms of lower extremity ulcers in the present population. It is cumbersome to treat and is associated with high-morbidity and immense treatment expenses. The current treatments include compression therapy. Four-layer compression dressings have proven to be an effective treatment for venous ulcers. Objective This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of four-layer compression dressings and to study the rate of healing and duration of treatment with four-layer compression dressings. Materials and Methods A prospective randomized study conducted at MS Ramaiah Medical college which included 70 patients who completed the course of weekly dressings depending on the size of ulcer. The regular four-layer dressings were done by a trained podiatrist in vascular outpatient department (OPD) once a week. The area of the ulcer was calculated using the modified Gilmen formula. Results A total of 70 patients who were compliant with the treatment were included in the study. A considerable percentage (74%) of patients were male and all the ulcers were located at the gaiter area. Most belonged to the age group between 41 to 50 years (25%). The healing rate of ulcers at the end of 4, 8 and 12 weeks were 46.87, 28.12, and 25%, respectively. At the end of 12 weeks, all the ulcers healed.

Role of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in biochemical recurrence (BR) of prostate cancer.

2011 ◽  
Vol 29 (7_suppl) ◽  
pp. 60-60
Author(s):  
J. B. Aragon-Ching ◽  
S. J. Simmens ◽  
F. Hendricks ◽  
R. Andrawis ◽  
H. Frazier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Primary Treatment ◽  
Imaging Results ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Secondary Endpoints ◽  
Established Role

60 Background: CTCs have an established role in the prognosis of metastatic prostate cancer. Little data exists regarding the role of CTCs in BR of prostate cancer. The aim of this study was to determine whether there is a correlation between the number of CTCs in men with BR with varying prostate specific antigen (PSA) and PSA doubling time (PSADT) categories. Secondary endpoints looking at correlation of the CTCs with clinical or laboratory factors (Gleason scores, testosterone, hemoglobin, alkaline phosphatase, BMI, imaging results) will also be assessed. Methods: BR was defined as patients (pts) who have undergone primary treatment with prostatectomy or radiation or both, with rise to >/= 0.2 from a prior undetectable level for prior prostatectomy or > 2 mg/dl rise from post-nadir radiotherapy. The study was powered to detect a Pearson correlation of .46 with a sample size of 36. Eleven of planned accrual goal of 36 pts were enrolled from May to September 2010. PSADT was obtained and correlated with the CTC values, categorized as PSADT of < 3 months, 3-14.9 months and > 15 months. CTCs were evaluated in 7.5 mL of peripheral blood using the CTC CellSearch test. Results: The median age for 11 patients was 75 y/o (range: 57-91) with a median PSA of 1.6 ng/mL (range 0.2-6.5) and testosterone levels of 309 ng/dL (range: 31–471). Gleason scores were 8 (n=1), 7 (n=5), 6 (n=2), 5 (n=3). Prostatectomy was the primary treatment in 6 pts, radiotherapy in 5 pts and Cyberknife in 1 pt. Median hemoglobin was 12.43 g/dL, BMI was 26.79 and alkaline phosphatase was 69 IU/L. PSADT varied between 3 to 55 months. All pts accrued had 0 CTC levels. The latter result translates into a 95% confidence interval upper bound of approximately .27 for the proportion of patients in this population who have non-zero CTC levels. Conclusions: Prostate cancer pts with BR have negative blood CTCs and does not appear to correlate with PSA or PSADT. However, the limited number of patients precludes sufficient interpretation at this time and further accrual is ongoing. The absence of CTC levels in this patient population, if supported through further data collection, could emerge as an important unanticipated finding from this study. Supported by IRG-08-091-01 from ACS to GWU Cancer Institute. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

scholarly journals Diagnostic Role of Pediatric Appendicitis Score (PAS) in Appendicitis of Children

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-19
Author(s):  
Susankar Kumar Mondal ◽  
AKM Zahid Hossain ◽  
Mizanur Rahman ◽  
Gazi Zahirul Hasan ◽  
Kaniz Hasina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Predictive Value ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Good Tool ◽  
Suspected Appendicitis ◽  
Diagnostic Role ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
Negative Appendicectomy ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity ◽  
Appendicitis Score

Appendicitis is one of the most common causes of acute abdominal pain in pediatrics and is the most common indication for emergency abdominal surgery in childhood. The diagnosis of pediatric appendicitis remains challenging. To evaluate the role of pediatric appendicitis score (PAS) in the diagnosis of appendicitis of children.Methods: In this study, 200 suspected appendicitis patients attended in four private hospitals in old Dhaka city over a period of about 34 months from January 2011 to May 2014 were selected as study subjects. Patient age, sex and each of the eight PAS components were collected. Children who had PAS less than six were discharged and contacted by telephone upto 1 month to verify final outcome. Rest of the children with PAS equal or more than 6 were underwent appendectomy.Results: Two hundred patients were assessed in this study. Out of them 67 (33.5%) children had appendicitis and 76 (38.0%) children had PAS equal or more than 6. In appendicitis children, maximum (85.3%) children were in age group 10- 16 years and 10 (14.7%) patients were in age group 5-9 years.Male (73.5%) were predominant than female (26.5%) in appendicitis children. Migration of pain, nausea and anorexia were in 43 (63.2%), 45 (66.2%) and 48 (70.6%) appendicitis children respectively. Fever, cough/percussion tenderness and tenderness in RLQ were in 37 (54.4%), 52 (76.5%) and 59 (86.8%) appendicitis children respectively. Leukocytosis andneutophilia were present in 42 (61.8%) and 46 (67.6%) appendicitis children respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV) and accuracy rate of PAS were 80.6%, 83.5%, 71.1%, 89.5% and 82.5% respectively.Conclusion: Paediatric Appendicitis Score is a good tool but not good enough for diagnosis of paediatirc appedicitis. It cannot be recommended for diagnosis of paediatric appendicitis because its negative appendicectomy rate as well as wrongly discharged rate is high.J. Paediatr. Surg. Bangladesh 6(1): 16-19, 2015 (Jan)

scholarly journals Study of prevalence and clinical spectrum of seizures in children in a teaching hospital in rural Telangana, India

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 862
Author(s):  
C. P. V. Ramana Sastry ◽  
R. Manohar Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Spectrum ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Unprovoked Seizure ◽  
Patient Response ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
One Year

Background: To study the prevalence and clinical spectrum of seizures and treatment outcome in children.Methods: A hospital based prospective study was done at Maheshwara Medical College and Hospital, Patancheru, Telangana in the department of Paediatrics over one-year period. A total of 75 cases presenting with seizures were studied for demographics, clinical features, imaging studies where possible and patient response to treatment.  Results: T Patient age ranged from one week to 14 years with male to female ratio of 1:4. Majority were in the age group of 1-3 years 25/75 (33.3%). Fever was present on admission in 66.6% of cases in 1 month to 6 years. Unprovoked seizure was common 20/75 (26.6%) in age group 6 to14 years. Neonatal seizures were seen in 6.6% cases. Generalized tonic clonic seizures were common and were seen in 63.3% cases. Only 5 (6.6 %) cases presented with status epilepticus. CT scan was done in 20 cases in unprovoked seizures and showed various etiologies. Conclusions: Seizures in children are a common indication for hospital admission. They can be febrile or unprovoked. CNS infections and space occupying lesions are common causes for paediatric seizures. Early detection of the cause of seizures helps in instituting appropriate treatment. Children with unprovoked seizures should be on regular long term follow up and treatment.

scholarly journals Medial versus Medio-lateral Tympanoplasty in Large Central and Subtotal Perforation – A Prospective Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-50
Author(s):  
Ajoy Khaowas ◽  
Chiranjib Das
Keyword(s):  
Prospective Study ◽  
Uptake Rate ◽  
West Bengal ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Group I ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Subtotal Perforation ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Bony Overhang

Introduction: Large central and subtotal tympanic membrane (TM) perforations are difficult to repair because of less vascularity of anterior TM than posterior TM and the anterior bony overhang that blocks visualization. Some studies reported very encouraging results with the medio-lateral tympanoplasty in such cases. We have undertaken this study to find out efficacy of this technique in large central and subtotal perforations and to compare the results of medio-lateral with medial tympanoplasty. Materials and Methods: The present prospective study was conducted in the Department of Otorhinolaryngology of a medical college and hospital, West Bengal from January 2013 to December 2014. Patients were alternatively divided into two groups. Medial technique was used in Group I and medio-lateral technique was used in Group II.    Results: Each group comprised of 40 patients each. Maximum number of patients in each group was in the age group of 15-25 years. The overall graft uptake rate in this study was 95% in medio-lateral technique compared to 80% of underlay technique. Conclusion: The medio-lateral tympanoplasty is suitable for reconstruction of large central or subtotal TM perforation. It takes advantage of both medial and lateral grafting methods while avoiding their pitfalls.

scholarly journals THE EFFECTS OF TEENAGE PREGNANCY ON OBSTETRICS AND NEONATAL OUTCOME: AN OBSERVATIONAL STUDY.

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nutan Narayan ◽  
Dipti Roy
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Teenage Pregnancy ◽  
Neonatal Outcome ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Interventional Study ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Group I ◽  
Vitamin D Supplement

Aim: to study the effects of teenage pregnancy on obstetrics and neonatal outcome. Materials and methods: The present prospective comparative interventional study was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nalanda Medical College and Hospital, Patna, Bihar. Total 60 patients were divided in to two groups. Results: Majority of the patients (66.9%) were in the 18-20 years of age group. Pre-eclampsia was observed in 26.7% of the patients who didn’t receive vitamin D supplement whereas the group I which received supplementation showed on pre-eclampsia in   6.7% of the patients (p=0.001). Conclusion: This study concludes that there is significant role of vitamin D supplementation in pregnant women in prevention of pre-eclampsia. Keywords: pre-eclampsia, vitamin D, neonatal outcome, teenage

scholarly journals Role of age of incidence, parity, body mass index and socioeconomic class in endometrial carcinoma

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 762
Author(s):  
Neha A. Nimbark
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Endometrial Carcinoma ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Socioeconomic Class ◽  
Frequency Table ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
A Prospective Study

Background: Endometrial carcinoma is the most common gynecologial malignancy in world. The main aim is to study epidemiological factors of Ca body uterus in our hospital. The present study was designed to evaluate the age of incidence of carcinoma body uterus and study role of parity, body mass index and socioeconomic class in carcinoma body.Methods: This is a prospective study of 50 cases of endometrial carcinoma who were treated in a single unit of the hospital from April 2010 to March 2012 (2 years) conducted at the department of gynaecological oncology G. C. R. I., Ahmedabad. Observational study was done. All these data were combined and tabulated in frequency table simple percentage analysis is used for frequency and percentage analysis is applied to create a contingency table from the frequency distribution and represent the collected data for better understanding. Descriptive statistics were obtained for all variable.Results: Maximum number of patients were in age group of 50-59 years. Mean age was 58 years. Maximum patients were multiparous (54%). 4 patients were nulligravida (9%). 70% were overweight and obese. Majority of patients (72%) belong to middle and higher socio-economic class.Conclusions: It was noted that the incidence for ca endometrium is related to age, parity, BMI and socioeconomic class at our centre.

Comparative study on Periprostatic local anesthesia with Intraprostatic local anesthesia for ultrasonoguided transrectal prostatic biopsy

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 33-39
Author(s):  
AM Anamur Rashid Choudhury ◽  
Md waliul Islam ◽  
Sharif Shahjamal ◽  
Kazi Rafiqul Abedin ◽  
Abu Bakar Siddique ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Local Anesthesia ◽  
Prostate Biopsy ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Transrectal Ultrasound ◽  
Prostatic Biopsy ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Group I ◽  
Transrectal Prostate Biopsy ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group Ii

Objectives: To compare pain, systemic lidocaine toxicity and complications between periprostatic with intraprostatic local anaesthesia for transrectal prostate biopsy. Methods: This study was carried out in the Department of Urology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka Medical College (DMCH) and Comfort Nursing Home, Dhaka during the period of January 2009 to October 2009, For this purpose, a total number of 60 consecutive patients having increased prostate specific antigen (PSA >4.0ng/ml), abnormal DRE/transrectal ultrasound were admitted in the above mentioned hospitals were enrolled in this study for surgical management. Results: The age ranged from 50 to 90 years and the maximum number was found in the age group of 61-70 years in both groups. The mean(±SD) age was 68.5±7.5 years and 70.3±8.2 years in group I and group II respectively. The mean(±SD) PSA was 17.0±12.8ng/ ml with their PSA ranged from 5.9- 62.8ng/ml in group I and in group II was 17.2±17.3ng/ml with their PSA ranged from 4.6 – 55.1ng/ml, which was not significant (p>0.05) between two groups. Normal digital rectal was found 14(46.7%) and 16(53.3%) in group I and group II respectively. Carcinoma was found 13(43.3%) and 14(46.7%) in group I and group II respectively and rest of them were benign in group I and group II respectively. The mean(±SD) pain degree during biopsy was 2.6±1.1 and 2.0±1.2 in group I and group II respectively according to allocated pain score. Pain degree after 30 minutes of biopsy, most of the patients had no pain in both groups. Pain during anesthesia it was found that 4(13.3%) and 13(43.3%) of the patients had no pain in group I and group II respectively. The mean(±SD) pain degree during anesthesia was 2.7±1.2 and 2.1±1.2 in group I and group II respectively. Conclusion: It is a simple and safe method that is less painful and it should be considered in all patients undergoing transrectal ultrasound guided prostate biopsy. The decreased discomfort of this procedure may enable more core biopsies to be taken in patients at high risk for prostate cancer or in those with an enlarged prostate Bangladesh Journal of Urology, Vol. 15, No. 2, July 2012 p.33-39

Best Qualities of Medical Facilitator, Students Perceptive View

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. 3343-3345
Author(s):  
Farrukh Sarfraz ◽  
Sobia Nawaz ◽  
Nadeem Razaq ◽  
Muhammad Saif Ullah ◽  
Zahid Mahmood ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Education ◽  
First Year ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Validated Questionnaire ◽  
The One ◽  
Day By Day ◽  
Data Collection Procedure

Introduction: Medical education is blended day by day and there's a continuing need to assess the role of the facilitator in the field of medical education. A great medical facilitator is the one who clear the way within the making of our future clinicians. In this study we attempted to assess the qualities of best medical facilitator in basics and clinical sciences including all medical, surgical and their allied subjects from first year to final year MBBS Students Objective: To expedite the views of MBBS students at Azra Naheed Medical College about the best qualities of Medical facilitator Material and Methods Study design: quantitative cross sectional Settings: Azra Naheed Medical College Duration: Six months i.e. 1st January 2021 to 30th June 2021 Data Collection procedure: A well planned study was done at Azra Naheed medical college which includes all the MBBS students who participated after giving consent. The total numbers of participants in the study were 400. A validated questionnaire comprises of 12 leading statements regarding best qualities of medical facilitator was circulated. The collected data was analyzed by using SPSS version 23. Results: The total number of participants in the study is 400 in which 60% participants were females and 40% were males. The age group in the study is 18-24 years. In this study top five qualities of nest medical facilitator were highlighted. Conclusion: A great facilitator is somebody who is receptive, engaging and motivating, and who includes a sound knowledge of subject of what they are attempting to instruct. They too have the capacity to communicate well with students. Key words: Medical facilitator, Student, Medical, Qualities

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