A prospective study of the lumps in the right hypochondrium

Background: The abdominal cavity can harbour a varied spectrum of diseases. Abdominal lumps are one of the commonest disorders in this region. The clinical presentation, diagnosis, minimal investigations and optimum treatment of the lumps in the right hypochondrium were studied in detail in present study.Methods: The prospective observational study was carried out for 24 months. 60 consecutive patients who satisfied the inclusion criteria were taken up for the study. Calculation and analysis of data was done by using MS Excel.Results: The lumps in the right hypochondrium were most common in the 31-40 years age group in the present study. Majority of the lumps were found to be intraperitoneal (65%), of which 45% were neoplastic in nature. 68.3% as compared to 31.7% of lumps had an organ of origin which was not anatomically situated in the right hypochondrium viz. from right kidney and right adrenal. Hepatic lumps were found to be the commonest (35%), of which 14.3% were malignant tumors. Gall bladder carcinoma was more common in 40-60 years with female preponderance. Only 26.7% patients presented with the complaint of lump in abdomen. The commonest complaint was pain in the abdomen followed by vomiting. In 88.3% cases surgery was undertaken for curative or palliative purposes.Conclusions: Of all the lumps in the right hypochondrium, intraperitoneal lumps were more common with abdominal pain as commonest presenting symptom. The commonest lumps were found to be hepatic lumps. Incidence of Neoplastic masses was more than infections and infestations.

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Study of diagnosis and management of ectopic pregnancy

International Journal of Reproduction Contraception Obstetrics and Gynecology ◽

10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20192451 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (6) ◽

pp. 2465

Author(s):

Seema Patel ◽

Ajesh Desai

Keyword(s):

Abdominal Pain ◽

Surgical Treatment ◽

Ectopic Pregnancy ◽

Clinical Presentation ◽

Lower Abdominal Pain ◽

Age Group ◽

Obstetrics And Gynaecology ◽

Beta Hcg ◽

Adnexal Pathology ◽

A Prospective Study

Background: Diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy was frequently missed. Aim of the study was to determine the clinical presentation, and treatment associated with ectopic pregnancy.Methods: This is a prospective study which was carried out at Obstetrics and Gynaecology department, GMERS SOLA civil hospital from August 2017 to October 2018. Total 416 patients were admitted during study period out of them 50 patients diagnosed with ectopic pregnancy were enrolled in the study and information was collected and analysed.Results: 80% patients were between the age group of 21-30 years. 56% patients were nulliparous. Amenorrhea (92%) with lower abdominal pain (94%) is the most common presenting symptom. 26% of patients show typical triad of amenorrhea, abdominal pain and bleeding per vagina. UPT and USG were most commonly performed investigations. 96% cases showed UPT positive. 100% USG showed adnexal pathology. Serum beta-hCG was done in 37 patients as an aid for diagnosis and to decide the line of management. Conservative medical management with Injection MTX was done in 4 patients of which 1 patients required laparotomy later on. Surgical management was done in 90% of patients. Laparoscopic management was done in 54% of cases.Conclusions: Early diagnosis and timely intervention in the form of conservative or surgical treatment will help in reducing the morbidity and mortality associated with ectopic pregnancy.

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Correlation of rearfoot angle to Q-angle in patellofemoral pain syndrome: a prospective study

International Journal of Research in Orthopaedics ◽

10.18203/issn.2455-4510.intjresorthop20172089 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 3 (4) ◽

pp. 688 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

K.S. Dileep ◽

Krishna Harish ◽

Rameez P. Mohammed

Keyword(s):

Prospective Observational Study ◽

Pain Syndrome ◽

Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome ◽

Patellofemoral Pain ◽

Age Group ◽

Inclusion Criteria ◽

Pearson Product Moment Correlation ◽

Q Angle ◽

A Prospective Study ◽

Varus Angle

Background: Objective of the study was to evaluate the correlation between rearfoot posture to Q-angle in patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome.Methods: This is a two-year prospective observational study in which all patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome in the age group of 20-30 years were included in the study. The static Q-angle and the rearfoot angles of these subjects were measured and analyzed statistically for their correlation.Results: There were sixty patients who fulfilled the inclusion criteria of the study. Pearson product moment correlation showed 27% subjects having rearfoot valgus and 73% having rearfoot varus angle. T test showed statistically significant Q-angle for rearfoot varus compared to rearfoot valgus.Conclusions: Rearfoot varus is more commonly associated with patellofemoral pain syndrome. The Q-angle increases in both rearfoot varus and valgus but is significantly more in patients with rearfoot varus.

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Aetiological Outcome of Mesenteric Lymphadenopathy and Pain Abdomen in Paediatric Population at a Tertiary Care Hospital (MRIMSHyderabad) - A Hospital Based Prospective Observational Study

Journal of Evidence Based Medicine and Healthcare ◽

10.18410/jebmh/2021/480 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (29) ◽

pp. 2601-2608

Author(s):

Dileep Kumar Allagadda ◽

Harikrishna Appana ◽

Ramu Pedada ◽

Deepika Gurram ◽

Ditin Joseph

Keyword(s):

Abdominal Pain ◽

Observational Study ◽

Prospective Observational Study ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Paediatric Population ◽

Etiological Agent ◽

Parasitic Infections ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Age Group ◽

Mesenteric Lymphadenitis

BACKGROUND Abdominal pain is a common disorder in children and adolescents worldwide with prevalence rate ranging from 20 - 25 % in school-going children in India. It is a frustrating concern to the child, parents and the physician. Even though abdominal pain is one of the most common complaints in children, it poses a diagnostic challenge owing to the variety of underlying causes. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the aetiology of abdominal pain associated with significant mesenteric lymphadenopathy in a paediatric population. METHODS This is a hospital based prospective, observational study done in Department of Paediatrics, Malla Reddy Institute of Medical Sciences (MRIMS), Hyderabad. RESULTS Out of the 65 children studied, 30.8 % were of 5 - 8 years age group, 36.9 % were 9 - 12 years age group and 32.3 % were 13 - 15 years age group. In our study, we found 50.8 % were boys and 49.2 % were girls. 20 % of them were having fever, 16.9 % were having cough, 16.9 % were having diarrhoea, 13.8 % were having sore throat, 16.9 % dysuria, and 15.4 % were having constipation. All patients in our study group underwent ultrasound of abdomen. All cases were having significant mesenteric lymphadenopathy (more than 5 mm in short axis with three or more number of lymph nodes). In 53.8 % cases, etiological agent for the mesenteric lymphadenopathy was not proved with our investigations. In the remaining 46.2 % of children, cause of mesenteric lymphadenopathy was proved and 38.5 % were bacterial infections, 6.2 % were viral infections and 1.5 % were parasitic infections. CONCLUSIONS It is important to recognise mesenteric lymphadenitis as a clinical entity in paediatric cases presenting with abdominal pain. They should be evaluated for an etiological agent and if no proven source of infection and etiological agent is found, it can be considered as functional abdominal pain. If we are able to get a proper etiological diagnosis in these cases, we could treat them and we could make huge difference in terms of quality of life. KEYWORDS Abdominal Pain, Mesenteric Lymphadenitis, Ultrasound, Significant Mesenteric Lymphadenopathy

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Factors associated with shock in children with dengue hemorrhagic fever

Paediatrica Indonesiana ◽

10.14238/pi44.5.2004.171-5 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 44 (5) ◽

pp. 171 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Erick F Kan ◽

T H Rampengan

Keyword(s):

Platelet Count ◽

Abdominal Pain ◽

Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever ◽

Prospective Observational Study ◽

Hemorrhagic Fever ◽

Age Group ◽

Hematocrit Level ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Independent Variables ◽

Good Nutrition

Background Shock in dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) still con-stitutes an important problem in children. Predicting DHF patientswho will develop shock is difficult.Objective The aim of this study was to find out factors associatedwith shock in DHF.Methods This was a prospective observational study. Subjectswere children hospitalized from April to July 2000 who met theWHO criteria for DHF and had positive serological confirmation.Association between independent variables (age, gender, dura-tion of fever, abdominal pain, vomiting, hepatomegaly, plateletcount, hematocrit level, and nutritional status) and the dependentvariable (shock) was analyzed by logistic regression model..Results There were 85 children who met the eligibility criteriaconsisting of 50 (59%) boys and 35 (41%) girls with an averageage of 7.1 years (SD 2.88). Shock occurred in 42 (49%) children.Of the 42 children with shock, the age group of 5-9 years madeup the biggest group (57%) consisting of 23 (55%) boys and 19(45%) girls. Hepatomegaly was found in 32 (76%) children, ab-dominal pain and vomiting in 30 (71%) and 36 (86%) children,respectively, and good nutrition in 22 (52%) children. Shock oc-curred mainly on the fourth and fifth days (76%). Almost half ofthe patients (45% and 52%) had hematocrit level of 46-50% andplatelet count of 20,000-50,000/ml, respectively. By logistic re-gression analysis, it was found that duration of fever, abdominalpain, hematocrit level, and platelet count constituted indepen-dent factors correlating with shock in DHF.Conclusion Abdominal pain, fever lasting four to five days, hema-tocrit level of >46%, and platelet count of <50,000/μl were associ-ated with shock in DHF

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A PROSPECTIVE OBSERVATIONAL STUDY ON PREVALENCE OF HYPOTHYROIDISM IN A TERTIARY CARE TEACHING HOSPITAL

International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.22159/ijpps.2018v10i6.24958 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (6) ◽

pp. 23

Author(s):

N. Swathi ◽

Voleti Vijaya Kumar ◽

M. Farjana ◽

M. Vishnu Vardhan ◽

M. Munendra ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Prospective Observational Study ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Age Group ◽

Medical College ◽

Study Population ◽

Age Limit ◽

N 93 ◽

A Prospective Study ◽

Group Distribution ◽

Positive Results

Objective: To determine the prevalence of hypothyroidism in a rural population of Nandyal.Methods: A prospective study was conducted in Santhiram medical college and general hospital, Nandyal from July 2017 to December 2017, to study the prevalence of hypothyroidism among the population. Results: In this study, 1000 patients were evaluated for the thyroid functioning, among them n=104(10.4%) showing positive results in hypothyroidism. The positive 104 patients showed that n=63 (60.57%) of the population are in the age limit of 21-40. Out of the same population are n=11 (10.6%) are male and female are n=93 (89.43%). In age group distribution more prevalence was observed in 21-30 y of age group n=36 (34.61%). In this study, sub-clinical hypothyroidism was prevalent in females n=80 (76.92%) than males n=10 (9.61%).Conclusion: Our study demonstrates that hypothyroidism was higher in a female with age group as 21-40 y and there is a significant prevalence of hypothyroidism in the study population.

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A prospective study of single dose preoperative antibiotic cover in clean elective surgical cases- a single center study

International Surgery Journal ◽

10.18203/2349-2902.isj20205875 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 165

Author(s):

Siddhartha Gowthaman Subramaniyan ◽

Prabhu Gunasekaran ◽

Ramanathan Manickam

Keyword(s):

Single Dose ◽

Prospective Observational Study ◽

Bacterial Flora ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Skin Incision ◽

Klebsiella Pneumonia ◽

Age Group ◽

Mortality And Morbidity ◽

Single Center Study ◽

A Prospective Study

Background: Surgical site infection (SSI) is the third most common nosocomial infections occurring worldwide, thus leading to increasing cost, mortality and morbidity. The main objective was to know the incidence of SSI in clean surgical procedures carried out in the institute of MGMCRI and to determine various pathogens causing SSI.Methods: This was a prospective observational study done on 100 patients in Department of General Surgery in MGMCRI, Puducherry from June 2015 to August 2017 who underwent clean surgical procedure. Preoperatively single done of injection cefazolin 1gm intravenous preparation was given 30 minus before the skin incision and patient were observed and followed up meticulously for the incidence of SSI and to determine the bacterial flora in the event of SSI.Results: In our study a total of 100 patients were included. In our study a total of three out of 100 patients developed SSI which was around 3%.Out of the 3 patients who had SSI all were a male which is around 4.6% in our study. In relation to the distribution based on the age group more than 50 year of the age are most frequently associated with SSI in our study. The bacterial flora includes staphylococcus aureus which was isolated from one patient and Klebsiella pneumonia isolated from two patients who had surgical site infections.Conclusions: This study concludes that single dose pre-operative antibiotic has advantage in prevention of SSI and it is cost effective for patient.

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A Rare Case of Primary Lymphoma of the Caecum Presenting as Intussusception

Journal of Laboratory Physicians ◽

10.4103/0974-2727.119864 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 5 (02) ◽

pp. 118-120 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Leena Jayabackthan ◽

Sandeep Babukumar Murgi ◽

Shane Graham ◽

Reshma G Kini

Keyword(s):

Abdominal Pain ◽

Therapeutic Strategy ◽

Clinical Presentation ◽

Histopathological Examination ◽

Primary Lymphoma ◽

Emergency Laparotomy ◽

Lead Point ◽

Ileocolic Intussusception ◽

Mild Abdominal Pain ◽

The Right

ABSTRACTMucosa associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphomas are rare neoplasms. They are most common in the stomach followed by small intestine and colon. The symptoms are nonspecific and generally do not present with intussusception. Here we report a rare clinical entity in which a 35-year-old female presented to the emergency with severe abdominal pain which was sudden in onset. History revealed that she had been having vague mild abdominal pain for 2 years. Ultrasonography showed ileocolic intussusception with hypoechoic lesion of 54 x 46 mm seen at the lead point. Emergency laparotomy with the right hemi-colectomy was done. The specimen was sent for histopathological examination which revealed a diagnosis of MALT lymphoma. Awareness of the varied clinical presentation helps in formulating the appropriate therapeutic strategy.

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Panorama of foreign body in upper digestive tract in the population of Uttarakhand

International Journal of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery ◽

10.18203/issn.2454-5929.ijohns20190772 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 416

Author(s):

Chetan Bansal ◽

Prerana Bharti ◽

V. P. Singh

Keyword(s):

Foreign Body ◽

Digestive Tract ◽

Foreign Bodies ◽

Clinical Presentation ◽

Medical Emergency ◽

Age Group ◽

Common Site ◽

Sex Type ◽

Type Site ◽

A Prospective Study

Background: Foreign body aspiration is more common in children than adults because they explore the world with their hands and mouth and also have incomplete control and immature judgment. Foreign bodies in ENT are a medical emergency as their removal demands great skill due to unpredictability in the procedure and the complications associated with it.Methods: A prospective study was conducted on 40 cases of digestive tract foreign bodies in relation to age, sex, type, site, clinical presentation, extraction and complications. Results: Youngest child was 5 months old. Most predisposed age group was 0-5 years (60% of cases). Cricopharynx (24 cases) was the most common site of impaction for foreign body. In the present study toys (22.5%) were most common foreign bodies followed by coins (15%) ingestion.Conclusions: Avoid carelessness. Avoid hasty drinking, eating, talking and running with anything in the mouth. Keep the things out of reach of the children. Be particular in sleep, anesthesia, coma or delirium. Avoid putting objects into mouth.

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A Prospective Observational Study on Anti-infective Agents in Adults in A Hospital

International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences Review and Research ◽

10.47583/ijpsrr.2021.v68i02.005 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 68 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Gada Yerukala Srawan Kumar ◽

Dr. Reddy Phani Kumar ◽

Desireddy Rama Brahma Reddy ◽

Yathirajam Dedeepya ◽

Naligala Divya

Keyword(s):

Observational Study ◽

Prospective Observational Study ◽

Age Group ◽

Cost Of Treatment ◽

Total Cost ◽

Rational Use ◽

Antiinfective Agents ◽

Male Patients ◽

The Right ◽

Clinical Departments

The main aim of the pharmacist is to provide the right drug in the right quality at the right time to patient. The monitoring studies of such prescription pattern can nourish the relevant use and exploit or misuse of the drug which is monitored. The main goal of the present study is to ease the rational use of drugs and make awareness of the irrational use of the drug which is more prevalent to the drug resistance, economic burden to the patient and failure of the treatment. The present prospective observational study was going on the usage of anti-infective agents in the adults based on the prescription of the physician to the patients. Prescriptions were obtained from various clinical departments was done over the period of 6 months from October 2020 to March 2021 to assess the appropriate use of anti-infective agents in adults. Total 1610 prescriptions data of anti-infective agents were analysed of average range of medication includes antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal, anthelmintic, antiparasitic, antimicrobials. A total of 1610 prescriptions from out patient and in patient department of the hospital were analysed in this study and out of those patients, male patients were 714 (44.34%) and female patients were 896 (55.65%). The most common age group which was prescribed more antiinfective agents was 51-60 years. Among them the antibacterial were about 65.03%, antiviral 1.59%, antifungal 7.04%, anthelmintic 7.09%, antiparasitic 0.89%, antimicrobial 0.51%, antimalarial 0.93%, antitubercular 0.51%, Antibacterial+Antiprotozoal 16.45%. Now a days usage of anti-infective agents was high to improve the rational use of drugs and to avoid the irrational usage of antibiotics in increasing the side effects and resistance towards the drug and total cost of treatment as well.

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Possibilities of CT in the diagnosis of complications of intestinal diverticulosis (clinical observation)

Medical Visualization ◽

10.24835/1607-0763-2019-3-54-65 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 54-65

Author(s):

E. P. Korneva ◽

M. V. Rostovtsev ◽

N. V. Nudnov ◽

T. M. Rostovtseva ◽

E. V. Pronkina

Keyword(s):

Abdominal Pain ◽

Intestinal Obstruction ◽

Abdominal Cavity ◽

High Sensitivity ◽

Intestinal Wall ◽

Free Fluid ◽

Abdominal Organs ◽

Multiplanar Reformatting ◽

Detection And Diagnosis ◽

The Right

Purpose. To determine the possibility of MSCT in the detection and diagnosis of complications of diverticulosis.Materials and methods. MSCT was performed in the apparatus Aqullion Toshiba 64 with collimation of 0.5–1 mm with the multiphase contrast-enhanced and further multiplanar reformatting. The results of MSCT of abdominal organs in 2082 (100%) patients for 2016–2018 in GBUZ GKB im were analyzed. M.E. Zhadkevich, 841 (40%) – for emergency indications.Results. Intestinal diverticula was detected in 239 (11%) patients. CT-signs of diverticulitis were found in 36 (1.7%) subjects: 19 (0.9%) women aged 54 years to 91 years and 17 (0.8%) men aged 27 to 88 years. When admitted to the hospital, all patients (36 people – 100%) with CT signs of diverticulitis complained of severe abdominal pain: with localization in the left iliac and suprapubic areas of 22 (61%) patients, 2 (5.5%) – in the right iliac and suprapubic areas, the remaining 12 (33.5%) patients complained of abdominal pain without a clear localization. Localization of diverticulitis in the sigmoid colon occurred in 22 (61%) cases, in the descending part of the colon – in 13 (36%). In 1 (3%) observation diverticulitis was detected in the terminal part of the jejunum.The presence of perianth infiltrate took place – in 16 (44%) cases, with signs of abscedding – in 4 (11%), peritonitis was observed in 2 (5.5%) examined in combination with signs of intestinal obstruction. Perforation with the presence of a large amount of free gas was detected in 1 (3%) case, microperforation – in 12 (33.5%). A small amount of free fluid in the abdominal cavity was found in 18 (50%) patients. Conclusion. Timely diagnosis of complicated diverticular disease is crucial. MSCT has high sensitivity and specificity in the diagnosis of phlegmon and abscesses of the abdominal cavity, perforation of the intestinal wall, peritonitis, bleeding and intestinal obstruction.

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