scholarly journals Morbidity profile and immediate outcome of low birth weight neonates in a rural tertiary care hospital of Gujarat, India

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 1272
Author(s):  
Manish Rasania ◽  
Sunil Pathak ◽  
Prerna Dogra ◽  
Ayushi Jain ◽  
Neil Shah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Health Improvement ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Normal Birth Weight ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Normal Birth ◽  
Partnership Model

Background: Low birth weight (LBW) has been defined as a birth weight of <2.5 kilogram regardless of gestational age. In India, every 3rd born child is of LBW. LBW is associated with increased neonatal mortality and morbidity, compromised growth and cognitive development.Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study using previously collected data from January 2015 to December 2015.Results: Out of 1238 live births, 485 (39.17%) were LBW. 456(94.01%) were LBW weighing >1500 grams (LBW), 22(4.53%) were VLBW, and 07(1.44%) were ELBW. 361(74.43%) were LBW2 (birth weight ≥2000 - <2500 grams), 95(19.58%) were LBW1 (birth weight ≥1500 - <2000 grams). 289(59.58%) of LBW neonates were full term. SNCU admission is significantly higher in LBW neonates (25.8% vs 9.61%). Morbidities were higher in LBW neonates compared to normal birth weight neonates. Difference was more significant in incidence of sepsis (3.72% vs 0.83%), RDS (2.19% vs 0%), TTN (5.48% vs 2.36%), hypoglycemia (1.31% vs 0%), feed intolerance (1.09% vs 0%) and risk of major congenital malformation (1.97% vs 0.27%). Need for respiratory support was 4.82% in LBW vs 2.36% in normal birth weight neonates. Morbidities were significantly higher in VLBW and ELBW neonates. Immediate poor outcome was in 3.92% in LBW neonates, while it was 0.56% in normal weight neonates. Poor immediate outcome was 1.11% in LBW2, 2.10% in LBW1, 10% in VLBW1, 41.66% IN VLBW2, and 100% in ELBW.Conclusions: LBW neonates are at higher risk of morbidities and mortalities. The major determinant for mortality in LBW babies is the birth weight. The best option to prevent LBW is by improving maternal health. Improvement of perinatal and neonatal services   in government sector and public private partnership model of free neonatal care can help to achieve the INAP goal of NMR <10 by 2030. 

scholarly journals Histological Study of Placental Changes in Low Birth Weight Neonates in a Tertiary Care Hospital

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geethapriya Govindarajan ◽  
Shivashekar Ganapathy ◽  
Muthu Sudalaimuthu
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Normal Birth Weight ◽  
Histological Changes ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Maternal Risk ◽  
Normal Birth

Introduction: Low Birth Weight (LBW) in the newborn is a major health problem in our country and across the world. Identifying the pathological changes in placenta can help in understanding the pathogenesis of LBW babies. Aim: To compare histological changes in placenta of LBW baby and normal birth weight baby and to find out the maternal risk factors associated with LBW baby. Materials and Methods: A case-control study was done on a total of 140 samples which were collected in the study period of August 2017-August 2019 in SRM Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, with 70 placentas from LBW delivery and 70 placentas from normal birth weight delivery. Placentas from preterm delivery were excluded from this study. Histological changes in placenta were assessed in both the groups. Statistical analysis was done with Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 17. Independent sample Student’s t-test and Chi-square test were used for comparison between two groups. Results: Histological changes like chorioamnionitis, syncitial knots, calcification, Perivillous Fibrin Deposition (PVFD), stromal fibrosis and basement membrane thickening were observed more frequently in placentas from LBW delivery. The commonest histological finding in present study was villous stromal fibrosis in 58 cases (82.9%) followed by excessive syncytial knots in 57 cases (81.4%). In this study, anaemia was the commonest maternal risk factor associated with LBW baby. Conclusion: The structure of placenta has strong relationship with the pregnancy outcome. There are few significant histological changes in placenta of LBW neonates. These changes have an impact in the development of the baby. Study about these changes provides a scope for prevention of certain morbidities in subsequent pregnancies.

scholarly journals Changing pattern of birth weight over a decade in rural India

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
pp. 4625 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vidyadhar B. Bangal ◽  
Satyajit P. Gavhane ◽  
Swati D. Gagare ◽  
Kunal H. Aher ◽  
Dhruval K. Bhavsar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Childhood Mortality ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Maternal Weight ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
The Government

Background: Birth weight is one of the important determinants of neonatal wellbeing. Birth weight has many determinants that mainly include maternal nutritional status and the term of gestation. Low birth weight is associated with high neonatal and childhood mortality and morbidity. Over the years the birth weight is showing the increasing trend in developing countries like India. The study aimed at finding out the changing pattern of birth weight over a decade in rural India.Methods: A retrospective analysis of over 45,000 births that took place in Tertiary care hospital from year 2008-2017was undertaken. The socio economic determinants of birth weight were studied.Results: The incidence of low birth weight declined from 47 percent to 35 percent over ten years. The mean rise in birth weight in ten years was observed in both male (176 grams) and female (151grams).The incidence of very low birth and extremely low birth was found declined. There was positive co relationship between improved birth weight and improved socio economic status, delay in age at marriage, higher maternal weight gain during pregnancy, improved pre pregnancy nutritional status of women.Conclusions: There is steady decline in incidence of low birth weight over last ten years in study area. Improved maternal health, better nutrition, improved quality of antenatal care and various efforts and actions from the government side have contributed in improving the birth weight.

scholarly journals Prevalence of maternal periodontitis and its association with preterm and low birth weight infants: a hospital-based study

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 1767
Author(s):  
Priyanka S. ◽  
Sowmya Koteshwara ◽  
Anitha Subappa
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Severe Periodontitis ◽  
Gestational Age At Delivery

Background: Preterm deliveries and low birth are important causes of infant mortality and morbidity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between maternal periodontitis and preterm and low birth weight at delivery and to correlate the severity of periodontitis with obstetric outcome.Methods: This was a prospective observational study conducted in Outpatient Department of Tertiary Care Hospital. Pregnant women who had regular antenatal checkup at were screened clinically for periodontitis. Those who were diagnosed with periodontitis and satisfied the inclusion and exclusion criteria were considered as cases (n=45) and equal number of pregnant women without periodontal disease (n=45) were included in the study as controls. These patients were followed up and gestational age at delivery and baby’s birth weight was noted and correlated to the maternal periodontal status.Results: The prevalence of maternal periodontitis was found to be 11.4%. Mean age, socioeconomic status and educational status was comparable. 33.3%, 40% of the cases v/s 17.8%, 24.4% of controls had preterm deliveries and LBW infants respectively. 26.8% of cases with mild periodontitis and all cases of moderate and severe periodontitis had preterm birth. Additionally, 34.1% of cases with mild periodontitis and all cases with moderate and severe periodontitis had low birth weight infants (p=0.02).Conclusions: Maternal periodontitis is found to be associated with preterm and low birth weight deliveries. The severity of periodontitis is inversely related to gestational age at delivery and birth weight of infant. Thus, periodontitis is suggested to be a modifiable risk factor for preterm and low birth deliveries.

scholarly journals Relationship between childhood blood pressure and birth weight

2015 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sri Rahayu ◽  
Rusdidjas Rusdidjas ◽  
Rafita Ramayati ◽  
Oke Rina Ramayani ◽  
Rosmayanti Siregar
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Numerical Data ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Normal Birth Weight ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Normal Birth ◽  
Student’S T

cardiovascular mortality and morbidity. Some studies havereported a significant relationship between elevated blood pressurein children with low birth weight.Objective To assess blood pressure differences in primary schoolstudents who had low and normal birth weights.Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted in 170children aged 6 to 12 years in March 2011 at a Medan primaryschool, North Sumatera. Blood pressure was measured with astandard mercury sphygmomanometer. A parental questionnairewas used to collect information on birth weight. Data wereanalyzed by student’s T-test for numerical data and Spearman’scorrelation test for a relationship between blood pressure andbirth weight.Results The subjects consisted of 85 children with low birth weightand 85 children with normal birth weight. The mean systolic (SBP)and diastolic blood pressures (DBP) were significantly higherin children with low birth weight than those with normal birthweight [SBP: 106.7 vs. 99.8 mmHg, respectively, (P=0.0001); andDBP: 69.2 vs. 63.5 mmHg, respectively, (P=0.0001)]. There wererelationships between elevated SBP and DBP and low birth weight,as indicated by correlation coefficient [r=-0.365 and r=-0.425,respectively, (P=0.0001)].Conclusion Blood pressure is significantly higher in children withlow birth weight than in those with normal birth weight. Birthweight was inversely related both to systolic and diastolic bloodpressure.

scholarly journals Morbidities of preterm VLBW neonates and the bacteriological profile of sepsis cases

Pulse ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-9
Author(s):  
MM Hoque ◽  
ASMNU Ahmed ◽  
SK Halder ◽  
MFH Khan ◽  
MAKA Chowdhury
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Suspected Sepsis ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Increased Risk

Background: Preterm very low birth weight babies are at increased risk of perinatal, neonatal and postnatal mortality and morbidity, mainly due to infections and complications of prematurity. Mortality of VLBW neonates is 30 times more than that of normal weight. Outcomes of such infants have been reported extensively from developed countries, but less is known from developing countries like Bangladesh though prematurity is very common.Objective: To determine the morbidities associated with preterm VLBW neonates with particular emphasis on sepsis. Methods: A prospective cohort study was done in Special Care Baby Unit of a tertiary care teaching hospital from July 2009 to December 2009. Preterm VLBW neonates admitted within 7 days of age comprised the cohort for the study. Detailed physical findings and information on pregnancy, delivery and immediate postnatal period were recorded on enrolment. Sepsis workup was done whenever sepsis was suspected clinically. Daily follow-up was given till discharge/death and relevant clinical findings recorded. Data were analyzed using SPSS 12.    Results: A total of 738 neonates were admitted during study period, 92 were preterm VLBW and enrolled in the cohort. Fifty-two (56.5%) of the enrolled cases were male and 40 (43.5%) female, male female ratio of 1.3:1. Mean gestational age was 30.8±2.4 weeks and mean birth weight 1,320±133 grams. Eight cases (8.7%) had features of septicaemia on admission and 49 (53.2%) neonates subsequently developed nosocomial infections. Other morbidities were jaundice (34.8%), RDS (8.7%), NEC (4.3%), TTN (3.3%), IVH (2.2%) and PDA (1.1%). Blood culture was positive in 29.8% among 57 suspected sepsis cases; Acinetobacter (41.2%) was the most common organism, followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (23.5%), Escherichia coli (23.5%) and Pseudomonas sp. (11.8%). Sixty (62.5%) preterm VLBW neonates were improved and discharged, 3 (3.3%) cases were discharged on risk bond and 29 (31.5%) died.Conclusions: Preterm VLBW neonates are at increased risk of morbidity and mortality. Septicemia is the most common and devastating morbidity, most infections are hospital acquired. Therefore strict protocol for asepsis in neonatal units must be adhered to when handling these high risk infants. Key words: Preterm; very low birth weight; septicaemia; morbidity; mortalityDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/pulse.v4i1.6955Pulse Vol.4 January 2010 p.5-9

scholarly journals Esophageal atresia and Tracheoesophageal fistula with associated anomalies in a tertiary care hospital of north India

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (10) ◽  
pp. 3456
Author(s):  
Jagdeesh Prasad
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Esophageal Atresia ◽  
Tracheoesophageal Fistula ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Severe Pneumonia ◽  
North India ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Associated Anomalies ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity

Background: Esophageal atresia (EA) with or without Tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF) has been described as the epitome of pediatric surgery and the management of these neonates require high degree of skill, manpower and tertiary care. This clinical study was undertaken to identify the EA and TEF cases along with the pattern of associated anomalies causing mortality in Varanasi .Methods: This prospective study included 53 patients of EA with TEF who underwent primary esophageal anastomosis. Their clinical profile, time of presentation, various associated anomalies, sex distribution, and their effect on mortality and morbidity were observed.Results: Mortality was high (41.64%) among patients who reached the tertiary centre late i.e. >24 hours. The incidence of low birth weight babies is approximately 75% and mortality rate increased with low birth weight. Almost 2/3 of patients had clinical or radiological evidence of pneumonia. The mortality was very high in severe pneumonia 66.7% as compared to 15% patients without pneumonia. Septicaemia and leak were most common complications. The mortality in septicemic patients is high (77.8%). The overall incidence of associated anomalies was 47%. Early surgical intervention improved the survival of EA with TEF with major GIT associated anomalies. The overall survival rate was 60.37% and mortality was 39.67%.Conclusions: Although we have improved a lot in managing these cases of EA with TEF, but we have to do much more to achieve our goal of near 100% survival. 

scholarly journals Proportion of Term Low Birth Weight Neonates and Their Association with Maternal Risk Factors in a Tertiary Care Hospital

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 23-30
Author(s):  
Jesmin Jahan ◽  
Md Shameem ◽  
Md Nurul Amin ◽  
Shahzadi Afroza ◽  
Asma Sharmin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Birth Spacing ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Maternal Risk Factors ◽  
Maternal Factors ◽  
Maternal Risk

Background & objective: Term low birth weight neonate represents a heavy burden on healthcare services worldwide due to their higher incidence of morbidity and mortality than term normal weight neonates. Certain maternal factors contribute to delivering term low birth weight neonates. This study was designed to identify the proportion of term low birth weight neonates in a tertiary care hospital and their association with maternal risk factors. Methods: This case-control study was carried out in the Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka over a period of 15 months between April 2017 to June 2018. Term low birth weight (< 2500 gm) neonates delivered in Obstetrics Ward were taken as cases, while the term normal weight neonates taken from the same place were controls. A total of 80 cases and 140 controls who met the eligibility criteria were consecutively included in the study. The maternal factors (that may contribute to the development of term LBW neonates) studied were demographic characteristics, past and current obstetric histories and medical conditions or disease during the last pregnancy. Results: In the present study the proportion of term LBW was 18.6% (80 out 430). Univariate analysis showed that housewives and short statured mothers carry 4(95% CI = 1.5 – 11.0) and 2.3(95% CI = 1.3 – 4.1) times higher risk of having term LBW neonates respectively. Of the obstetric characteristics, primipara and pregnant women with inadequate number of ANCs (< 4 visits) were more prone to have term LBW neonates with risk of having the condition being 2.0(95% CI = 1.1 – 3.7) and 2.2(95% CI = 1.0 – 4.9) times respectively. ANC visit in the 2nd or 3rd trimester had 4.5(95% CI = 1.0 – 4.9) times higher risk of delivering LBW neonates compared to those who made their 1st visit in the 1st trimester (p < 0.001). Mothers who maintained a narrow birth spacing (< 2 years) had a significantly more term LBW babies with likelihood of having the condition being 3-fold (95% CI = 1.2 – 7.9) higher than those who maintained an adequate birth spacing (p = 0.011). Hypertension during pregnancy tend to be significantly associated with term LBW neonates with odds of having the condition being 5.4(95% CI = 2.7 – 10.8) times greater than the normotensive ones (p < 0.001). However, after adjustment by binary logistic regression analysis, inadequate ANC, 1st ANC visit in 2nd trimester onwards, and maternal hypertension during pregnancy emerged as independent predictors of term LBW with Odds of having the condition being 3.61(95% CI = 0.65 – 20.17), 7.56(95% CI = 1.52 – 37.5) and 3.7(95% CI = 1.8 – 7.9) with significance values being p = 0.032, p = 0.013 and p < 0.001 respectively. Conclusion: The study concluded that the mothers with inadequate ANC and 1st ANC visit made in 2nd or last trimester and hypertension carry much higher risk of delivering term LBW neonates compared to their respective counterparts in the same population. Ibrahim Card Med J 2018; 8 (1&2): 23-30   

scholarly journals Morbidity and mortality profile of neonates in a tertiary care centre in Tamil Nadu: a study from South India

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 377 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ravikumar S. A. ◽  
Harikrishnan Elangovan ◽  
Elayaraja K. ◽  
Aravind Sunderavel K. K.
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Birth Asphyxia ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Normal Birth Weight ◽  
Mortality Pattern ◽  
Normal Birth ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Accurate data on morbidity and mortality pattern are useful for many reasons. The Perinatal and the neonatal period are so short but they are the most critical faces of human life1. It reflects the general health and the socio-biological features of the most vulnerable groups of the society, the mothers and the infants. The objectives of this study was to investigate the morbidity and mortality pattern of neonates admitted in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) of tertiary care hospital.Methods: All the neonates admitted to NICU from July 2013 to June 2015, excluding the neonates referred and discharged against medical advice were retrospectively analysed for demographic profile, short term morbidity and outcome.Results: 3118 neonates were admitted in the study period. 57.5% were Males, 72.5% were inborn, 69% were term babies and 53.3% had normal birth weight. Important causes for morbidity were Perinatal asphyxia 490 (15.7%), Preterm/LBW 456 (14.6%), Neonatal jaundice 438 (14%) and then sepsis 402 (12.9%). The mortality rate was 10.4% with statistical significant difference between inborn and outborn babies (P<0.0001). The major causes of mortality are Respiratory syndrome 109 (33.6%), followed by birth asphyxia 82 (25.3%) and sepsis 82 (25.3%). The survival of term as well as normal birth weight babies was statistically significant over preterm (P<0.0001) and Low Birth Weight (LBW), Very Low Birth Weight (VLBW), Extreme Low Birth Weight (ELBW) neonates (P<0.0001> respectively.Conclusions: Birth asphyxia, prematurity, Jaundice and neonatal sepsis respiratory problems were major causes of both mortality and morbidity. There is need to strengthen services to address these problems more effectively. 

Medical Care and Preterm Infants of Normal Birth Weight

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 158-166
Author(s):  
Nigel Paneth ◽  
Sylvan Wallenstein ◽  
John L. Kiely ◽  
Curtis P. Snook ◽  
Mervyn Susser
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Tertiary Care Center ◽  
Normal Birth Weight ◽  
Normal Birth ◽  
Level 3 ◽  
Level 1 ◽  
Level 2

Preterm infants of normal birth weight (born before 37 completed weeks of gestation and weighing more than 2,250 g) experience a neonatal mortality risk almost four times higher than do term infants in the same weight range. In an analysis of the effect of hospital level of birth on neonatal mortality, such preterm normal weight infants were found to experience higher mortality if born outside of a Level 3 (tertiary care) center. For all singleton infants in this weight-gestation category born in New York City maternity services during a 3-year period (N = 23,257), the relative mortality risk for Level 1 births (compared with Level 3) was 1.72 (P &lt; .01) and for Level 2 births 1.47 (P &lt; .05). The excess mortality at Level 1 and Level 2 units was almost entirely due to a more than twofold higher death rate in black infants born in these units. Several potentially confounding socioeconomic, demographic, and biologic variables entered into a logistic regression model could not account for the higher mortality rates for black infants born in Level 1 and Level 2 units. Among black infants born at Level 1 units, deaths in preterm normal birth weight infants were less likely to occur in a receiving tertiary care center than were either deaths in low birth weight infants or deaths in term normal weight infants, suggesting that the need for special care of preterm normal birth weight infants is underestimated in some hospitals without newborn intensive care units.

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