scholarly journals Evaluation of the predisposing factors and cause of resistance which are associated with ART 1 failure and shifted to ART 2 regime

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 977
Author(s):  
Narendra Singh ◽  
R. K. Varma ◽  
Richa Giri ◽  
Punit Varma ◽  
Seema Dwivedi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Predisposing Factors ◽  
Institute Of Medicine ◽  
Single Centre ◽  
Predisposing Factor ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Post Graduate Institute ◽  
Centre Hospital ◽  
Tobacco Chewing

Background: This study is to evaluate the predisposing factors and cause of resistance which are associated with ART1 failure and shifted to ART 2 regime.Methods: This study was conducted in ART plus centre K.P.S. Post Graduate Institute of Medicine (G.S.V.M. Medical College, Kanpur, India) tertiary care teaching hospital (G.S.V.M. Medical College, Kanpur, India). It will be a clinical (assessment with investigation), continuous, longitudinal, prospective and retrospective, observational, single centre hospital-based study at ART Centre, Kanpur, India.  All the subjects who were on 1st line ART regime, attended in our centre were screened for treatment failure of based on clinical, immunological and virological criteria as decided by SACEP. Duration of this study was DEC 2016 TO DEC 2018.This study was taking as regime ART2 as TLATV/R, ZLATV/R, TLLP/R and ZLLP/R.Results: In this study there is PL HIV subjects that are considered for ART2 are mostly living in rural area and more are female having less adherence to ART1. Smoking, alcohol and tobacco chewing were also having less adherence to ART and cause resistance to ART1.Conclusions: In this study subjects were having associated with predisposing factor as Alcohalic 53 (45%), Tobacco Chewing 8 (07%), SMOKING 13 (11%). Alcohalic, Tobacco Chewer and Smoker have significant association of predisposing factor for low adherence to ART1 and resistance to ART1 drugs. There is also concluded that females and rural areas subject are having low adherence and cause ART1 failure. 

scholarly journals Frequency of opportunistic infection in PL HIV and its role in monitoring of ART 1 failure

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 1165
Author(s):  
Narendra Singh ◽  
Lalit Kumar ◽  
Desh Nidhi Singh ◽  
Vipin Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Opportunistic Infection ◽  
Opportunistic Infections ◽  
Oral Candidiasis ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cd4 Count ◽  
Institute Of Medicine ◽  
Post Graduate Institute ◽  
Centre Hospital ◽  
Tubercular Lymphadenitis

Background: There is so many opportunistic infection is present in PL HIV patient when patient immunity disturbed and their CD4 count decreased .this study was conducted for frequency of opportunistic infection in PL HIV and its role in monitoring of ART 1 failure. Aims and objective was to study the frequency of opportunistic infection in PL HIV and its role in monitoring of ART1 failure.Methods: This study was conducted in ART plus centre K.P.S. Post Graduate Institute of Medicine (G.S.V.M. Medical College, Kanpur) tertiary care teaching hospital and is clinical (assessment with investigation) continuous longitudinal, prospective and retrospective, observational, single centre hospital based study at ART Centre, Kanpur and considered All the patient on 1st line ART treating attending in centre were screened for treatment failure decided by SACEP from 2016 to 2018.Results: In this study there was opportunistic infection present that maximum in oral candidiasis but overall tuberculosis is maximum that is considered pulmonary tuberculosis, extra pulmonary tuberculosis, tubercular lymphadenitis and tubercular pericarditis, Abdominal knocks, TBM. LRTI and chronic diarrhea is also present. The male and rural area are more having opportunistic infections and all are have CD4 count 100 to 200 micrometer /Litre.Conclusions: The opportunistic infection mostly are oral candidiasis and tuberculosis, present in CD4 count in the range of 100-200 /ml.it is the indication of ART failure during treatments.

Marital Satisfaction Among Spouses of Male Patients with Alcohol Dependence Syndrome

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (02) ◽  
pp. 8-13
Author(s):  
Humayoon Akbar ◽  
Sudhakar S. ◽  
Shanthi B. ◽  
Khadeja Bi ◽  
Jayaseelan R. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Marital Satisfaction ◽  
Alcohol Dependence ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Alcohol Dependence Syndrome ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Alcohol Dependent

BACKGROUND One third of Indians consume alcohol and there is an alarming annual increase in alcohol consumption. Majority of spouses of alcohol dependent males are also the primary care-takers of their husbands and are at risk of domestic violence. Marital dissatisfaction could reduce their involvement in getting their spouses treated for alcohol dependence. Our aim was to study the marital satisfaction among the spouses of patients with alcohol dependence. METHODOLOGY This study was conducted on spouses of male patients with alcohol dependence syndrome attending the psychiatry department of a tertiary care medical college hospital in Kanchipuram District in Tamilnadu. 200 consecutive male patients with alcohol dependence syndrome using the ICD 10 criteria were recruited. Severity of alcohol dependence was assessed using Short Alcohol Dependence Data (SADD). Marital satisfaction among the spouses was assessed using ENRICH Marital Satisfaction (EMS) Scale. Analysis of the data was done using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22.0. RESULTS The mean age of alcohol dependent men and their spouses were 43.05±9.39 and 37.58±8.86 years respectively. Most of the spouses (83.5%) had done their primary education only and 50% were house-wives (unemployed). Majority of men earned between Rs.5000 to 10,000 and most of them were unskilled workers belonging to the lower socio-economic group in the rural areas. The mean SADD and EMS scores were 25.05 ± 8.891 and 31.76 ± 14.45 respectively. 74% of men in our study population were highly dependent on alcohol. Amongst the spouses of men with severe dependence 68.9% reported moderate and 28.3% reported low marital satisfaction. DISCUSSION and CONCLUSION Majority of alcohol dependent men suffered from severe dependence. An inverse relationship between marital satisfaction scores and severity of alcohol dependence was observed. Alcohol dependence and its severity was noted to have an adverse impact on marital satisfaction among spouses of the dependent patients.

scholarly journals Clinico-Pathological Profile and Management Outcome of Fournier’s Gangrene in a Tertiary Care Hospital

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 124-130
Author(s):  
Mahmud Ekram Ullah ◽  
Amreen Faruk ◽  
Rajibul Haque Talukder ◽  
Farukuzzaman ◽  
Noor A Alam
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
External Genitalia ◽  
Fournier’S Gangrene ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Fournier's Gangrene ◽  
Predisposing Factor ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Variable Extent ◽  
Surgery Department

Background: Fournier’s gangrene is a vascular disaster of infective origin occurring about male external genitalia. Diabetes Mellitus is an important predisposing factor. A good number of patients of this rare clinical entity are admitted frequently in our centre. Till now the disease has the potential for significant morbidity and also mortality.Objective: The study was designed to be conducted among patients suffering from Fournier’s gangrene to identify the possible source of sepsis, to denote pattern and extent of area involvement and microorganisms isolated and to observe the treatment course and outcome.Methods: This prospective observational study was carried out in BIRDEM General Hospital, Dhaka among 60 patients of Fournier’s gangrene admitted under surgery department during the period of October 2016 to January 2018 using purposive sampling method.Result: The results of this study suggest that majority of the study population were in 51 to 60 years (Mean 52±4.9) age group. All the patients were diabetic with grossly elevated blood glucose level (Mean RBS=17.3 mmol/dl). In addition to scrotum, perineum, penis, buttock and lower abdomen were also affected to variable extent (73.3%). All patients required major debridement which had to be repeated in 68.3% cases. Steptococcus pyogens was the most common organism isolated (43.3%) followed by Eschericia coli (35%) and majority were of polymicrobial type (61.6%). Mortality rate was 8.3%.Conclusion: The diagnosis and treatment of Fournier’s gangrene is enigmatic and challenging to the physician. Urgent surgical debridement along with other appropriate supportive measures can reduce morbidity and mortality.Anwer Khan Modern Medical College Journal Vol. 9, No. 2: Jul 2018, P 124-130

scholarly journals Assessment of developmental outcome of neonatal seizures at NICU of tertiary care centre hospital

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 100
Author(s):  
Swati Saral ◽  
Pawan Ghanghoria
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Preterm Neonates ◽  
Developmental Outcome ◽  
Neonatal Seizures ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Medical College ◽  
The Face ◽  
Centre Hospital

Background: Seizures are relatively common among first month of life. New-born with neonatal seizures are at risk of developmental delay. The objective of this study was to assess the developmental outcome of neonatal seizures and to study the factors associated with delayed developmental outcome in neonatal seizures.Methods: A prospective observational Study was conducted in 71 term and preterm neonates with documented seizure admitted in Medical college hospital, Jabalpur. A predesigned pretested questionnaire was used. The face to face interview technique was used for collection of data by mother, followed by clinical examination of newborn and investigations were done. DDST II was used for developmental assessment of neonates. Results: Neonates with delayed developmental outcome are 42.62%. Delayed developmental outcome is significantly associated with male sex, low birth weight, prematurity and multiple frequencies of seizures.Conclusions: The delayed developmental outcome was high among neonatal seizures. 

A clinical profile of patients with liver abscess at a rural tertiary care centre at the MGM medical college

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 122-128
Author(s):  
Vandana Kumari ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Abscess ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Optimal Test ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Liver Abscesses ◽  
Study Results

A liver abscess, also known as a hepatic abscess, is an accumulation of pus within the liver as a result of an infection. Overall liver abscesses are fairly rare and more frequently seen in developing nations. Most liver abscesses are caused by bacteria and amebic parasites (protozoa). However, other protozoa, fungi and helminths (parasitic worms) may also be responsible for hepatic abscesses. Methods: The present study was conducted in the indoor patients of medicine ward as well as on patients attending medicine OPD at M.G.M. Medical College and L.S.K. Hospital Kishanganj, Bihar. This study included 60 patients, out of 75 patients who were reported in Outdoor or admitted in Emergency Department remaining 15 patients were dropped out. The study period was Nov 2017 to September 2018 in M.G.M. Medical College and L.S.K. Hospital. The selection of the patients was based on clinical history, clinical examination and ultrasound findings. Those patients who were serologically positive for viral hepatitis, malaria (optimal test) and kalazar (rK 39) were excluded from this study. Results: There are 85 % male and 15 % female in this study. Age range varied from 12 to 70 years. The highest incidence was found in 31-40-year age group. Maximum number of cases were from rural areas 78.3% and remaining 21.7% from urban. The majority of cases 42/60 had leukocytosis (median -14,100) but 18 cases had white blood cells count within normal limit. Polymorphnuclear cells (median-81%) were predominantely present. Abnormally high alkaline phosphatase were seen in 82% of cases. There were six cases in which E. histolytica was detected in routine examination of stool. No single case was seropositive to HIV I and II serum creatinine level found to be within normal range in all cases. Conclusion: There was no mortality. Prognosis was better. It was due to early diagnosis of the diseases and early intervention.

scholarly journals ADVERSE DONOR REACTION PATTERN IN A TERTIARY CARE BLOOD CENTER IN SOUTH INDIA

2020 ◽  
pp. 75-77
Author(s):  
Vinu Rajendran ◽  
Anjukrishna SA ◽  
Retheesh K H
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Reaction Rate ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Young Age ◽  
Predisposing Factor ◽  
Delayed Reaction ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Blood Center ◽  
First Time

Aims & Objective Primary objective is to assess the frequency and pattern of donor reaction in our blood center and secondary objective is to assess the factors associated with vaso-vagal reaction (VVR). Materials & Methods Retrospective observational study conducted by Blood Center of Sree Gokulam Medical College, Trivandrum. Details of the donors of the last 4 year (January 2015 to December 2019) including donor reaction details, age, gender, weight, donation status, type of donation and Blood Pressure(BP) were included in the study and were analyzed using IBM SPSS Version 21 Results & Discussion Out of 10,647 donors, the overall donor reaction rate is 1% while in-house and camps reaction rate were 0.96% and 3.49%. Donor reaction rate in males and females were 0.99% and 1.03%. Out of 105 reactions, 70.75 % were VVR and 19 % were Hematoma. VVR rate is 0.74. Most common VVR occurred was mild type. Young age, first time donation and voluntary donation were found to be predisposing factor for VVR. VVR rate was not associated with gender, weight and Blood Pressure (BP) of the donor. VVR in post donation phase was associated with low BP and severe VVR was not associated with low BP. Conclusion Overall reaction rate and VVR rate were 1.0% and 0.74%. Young age, first time donation and voluntary donation were found to be predisposing factor for VVR. It is important to contact donors to report any missed delayed reaction.

scholarly journals Study on postnatal care in a tertiary care hospital in eastern India and the reality

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 3917
Author(s):  
Bharati Das
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Postnatal Care ◽  
Calcium Supplementation ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Uniform Policy ◽  
Questionnaire Method

Background: Post-natal period remains the most important time in which maximum maternal and neonatal mortality occurs. Many studies had been done on postnatal care in India also in abroad before. However, most of them were basically community-based surveys in rural areas or urban slums. The objective of the current study was to assess knowledge and practice of postnatal care services and its status in mothers in urban area.Methods: It is a prospective, hospital-based study done from February 2019 to July 2019. Data was collected by structured questionnaire method from the mothers who were coming for routine immunization for their babies at 6 weeks.Results: Total number of mothers were 214, 52.34% were delivered in medical college and DHQH and 47.66% at private sectors. Health related issues were present in 36 (16.6%) of mothers and 33 (15.4%) of babies. Only 2.8% of mothers received post-natal check-up. IFA and calcium supplementation were taken (128) 60% of mothers as opposed to advised in 151 (70.56%) of cases of varying durations.Conclusions: Post-natal care was unacceptably low despite various government programmes, well socioeconomic status, education of the mother and presence of health-related issues in the mother or the baby. Which was mainly due to lack of proper counselling for postnatal care. Strengthening the postnatal care services by sensitization of the staffs with uniform policy and mother centred counselling remains the need of the hour. 

scholarly journals A tertiary care prospective of epidemiology and etiopathogenesis of esophageal carcinoma from Northern India

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Varun Dogra ◽  
Silvi Sandhu ◽  
Ishfaq Ahmad Gilkar ◽  
Umer Mushtaq ◽  
Shyam Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Indian Population ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Esophageal Mucosa ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Northern India ◽  
Carcinoma Oesophagus ◽  
Carcinoma Esophagus ◽  
Chronic Irritation

Background: Esophageal cancer is considered to be a one of the most lethal malignancy. Indian population have seen a lot of changes in the epidemiology of this deadly cancer. However very few studies have been done from northern India regarding the epidemiology and etiopathogenesis of this disease. Majority of esophageal cancers (about 90%) are either squamous cell or Adenocarcinoma. Any factor that causes chronic irritation and inflammation of the esophageal mucosa appears to increase the incidence of the esophageal. The aim of the study was to perform an epidemiological study and determine the various factors that are implicated in the pathogenesis of carcinoma esophagus.Methods: This study was conducted in the department of general surgery, Government Medical College, Jammu, as an observational prospective study. It took into account the patients from 2015 to 2020. A total of 23 patients of carcinoma oesophagus who presented to Outdoor patient wing of department of surgery were included in the study. After detailed history, examination and investigations, the various variables were extracted and data was processed.Results: In this study, the majority of people were from rural areas in their seventh decade of life with males: female ratio of 3:1. The majority of people complained of dysphagia and weight loss. The site of tumor was Gastroesophageal junction.Conclusions: This study emphasised the need of health education in our population, especially in young adults to lessen the risk factors for carcinoma esophagus.

scholarly journals Complementary and alternative medicine use among type 2 diabetes patients in a tertiary care hospital

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. 2561 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shamiya Sadiq ◽  
Kanika Khajuria ◽  
Vijay Khajuria
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Medicine ◽  
Complementary And Alternative Medicine ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Cam Use ◽  
Complementary And Alternative

Background: Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) use is prevalent among chronic diseases like Diabetes mellitus (DM). Therefore, the aim was to study the pattern of CAM use among Type2DM in our set up.Methods: The study was done in diabetic patients attending OPD of Government medical college hospital over a period of 2 months. Patients who gave consent were subjected to a pre-structured questionnaire which consisted of two parts pertaining to socio-demographic profile and CAM usage details.Results: Out of 280 patients enrolled in the study, 110 admitted being CAM users along with conventional Anti-Diabetic treatment. The CAM users were mostly females (56.36%) and were from rural background (70.90%). CAM was prevalent in educated patients (90.90%) more than illiterates (9.09%). Ayurveda (44.54%) was the most common type of CAM used and relatives (58.18%) provided main source of CAM information. 32.72% patients thought that CAM is safe, effective (20.90%) and less costly (19.09%). Only 16.36% patients disclosed regarding their CAM usage to the attending physician while majority (83.63%) were non-revealers. The results suggest that patients should be encouraged to reveal to their physician regarding CAM as it can avoid possibility of interactions.Conclusions: CAM is prevalent in T2DM and more so in females from rural areas. Ayurveda was the most widely type of CAM used and majority of patients did not disclose to the treating physician regarding CAM usage.

EFFICACY OF 1% TOPICAL VORICONAZOLE IN THE TREATMENT OF MYCOTIC CORNEAL ULCER : A CLINICAL STUDY

2021 ◽  
pp. 66-68
Author(s):  
Urvashi Singh ◽  
Gopal prasad singh ◽  
Alka Jha
Keyword(s):  
Complete Resolution ◽  
Corneal Ulcer ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Topical Therapy ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Single Centre ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Department Of Ophthalmology ◽  
One Year

Aim:To evaluate the efcacy of topical Voriconazole in the treatment of fungal corneal ulcer. Materials and methods: It was a single centre prospective tertiary care hospital based study conducted in the Upgraded Department of Ophthalmology at DARBHANGA MEDICAL COLLEGE AND HOSPITAL, Laheriasarai. It included 25 corneal ulcer patients of all demographic and socioeconomic status attending outdoor and/or indoor of Department of Ophthalmology, from April 2019 to April 2020, for a period of one year. Result: Majority of the patients were females.The decrease in ulcer size and improvement in visual acuity post treatment with topical Voriconazole was found to be statistically signicant. Conclusion: Topical therapy with 1% Voriconazole (w/v) served to be an economical mode of treating fungal corneal ulcer. It helped in the early and complete resolution of the ulcer with no adverse effects.

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