scholarly journals Oral health status of school children living in area with high environmental arsenic concentrations: a cross-sectional study

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 2011
Author(s):  
Anisha Keshan ◽  
Manju R. ◽  
Amitha M. Hegde
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Ground Water ◽  
Arsenic Exposure ◽  
Oral Health Status ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Arsenic Content ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Enamel Defects ◽  
Chronic Arsenic Exposure

Background: Chronic arsenic exposure, especially via the consumption of contaminated ground water has far reaching consequences on human health. Thus, the aim of this study was to assess the effect of arsenic on oral health status of children.Methods: 100 children selected from Sanduru, Bellary district, North Karnataka (ground water is not contaminated with arsenic) were categorized as control group and 100 children of age 10 to 14 years from Hutti, Raichur district, North Karnataka (ground water contaminated with arsenic) were categorized as the study group. Water samples were analysed for arsenic and fluoride levels. Chronic arsenic exposure in children was determined by measuring the arsenic levels in their hair and nail samples. Enamel defects, oral mucosal lesions and tooth eruption timing were recorded in both the groups using the modified WHO oral health assessment form, 2013.Results: There was a significant increase in the arsenic content in the hair and nail samples of children in study group. Prevalence of enamel defects were significantly higher and a marked delay in eruption of permanent was seen among the study population.Conclusions: Chronic arsenic exposure could be a possible cause for the enamel defects and the eruption delay seen in children residing in Hutti, Raichur district, North Karnataka. 

scholarly journals Salivary pH, Flow Rate and Streptococcus mutans Count in Relation to Oral Health Statusamong Colored Eyes Adolescentsin Baghdad/Iraq

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 2085-2089
Author(s):  
Ali Hadi Fahad ◽  
Raed Faisal Al-Huwaizi ◽  
Yamama A. Al-Rubbaey ◽  
Abbas F. Alhuwaizi
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Salivary Flow ◽  
Oral Health Status ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Salivary Ph

Differences in susceptibility to dental caries occurs even under the similar, controlled conditions because of genetic variations, certain environmental factors are potentially more cariogenic for some individuals than for others. Salivary constituents differences may cause variation in caries susceptibility. This study was conducted to assess the salivary pH, flow rate and streptococcus mutans count in relation to oral health status among colored eyes adolescents. The study group included all 85 colored eyes adolescents from 6 secondary schools, while control group contained 85 brown eyes adolescents selected randomly from the same schools (12-15 for both groups, only males). Decayed, missing and filled teeth (DMFT), plaque (PlI), Gingival (GI) and calculus (CI) indices were used to measure oral health status for both groups. Salivary samples collection was done in the morning at least one hour after breakfast, then normal saline was added to have tenfold dilutions, to assess the total colony counting of the caries related microorganisms (streptococcus mutans), after that inoculation was done in the special selective media (Mitis-Salivarius-Bacitracin agar). Counting of bacterial colonies were estimated by the aid of dissection microscope. Salivary pH and flow rate were measured directly. The data of present study was analyzed using SPSS version 21. The median and mean rank values for DMFT, PlI, GI and CI indices were higher in study group than control group with high significant differences with regard to DMFT and PlI. A strong positive correlation was recorded between DMFT and PlI, GI, CI in both groups. Salivary pH and flow rate were lower in study compared to the control group (statistically significant difference with salivary flow rate). Higher mean value of salivary streptococcus mutans count among study group compared to control group with statistical significant difference. Dental caries experience and streptococcus mutans count were higher in colored eyes adolescents than brown eyes adolescents. Oral hygiene and salivary flow rate were lower in study group than control group.

Caregivers’ Perceptions Regarding Oral Health Status of Children and Adolescents with Cerebral Palsy

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 161-167
Author(s):  
Cristiana Pereira Malta ◽  
Gabriele Groehs Guerreiro ◽  
Natali Marchezan Dornelles ◽  
Clandio Timm Marques ◽  
Juliana Saibt Martins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Oral Health Status ◽  
Open Bite ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Typical Development ◽  
Caries Activity ◽  
Gingival Bleeding

Objectives: The aim of the present study was to compare the perception of caregivers regarding the oral health status of children and adolescents with cerebral palsy (CP) and those with typical development. Study Design: Study group (SG) was composed of 35 children and adolescents with a clinical diagnosis of CP and their caregivers. Control group (CG) was composed of 35 individuals with typical development (matched with the SG for age, sex and caries activity) and their caregivers. Questionnaire was administered to caregivers addressing the oral health of individuals under their care. Caries activity, dmft/DMFT index, visible plaque index (VPI) and occlusal characteristics were determined. Results: Statistically significant differences were found in the perceptions of dental problems (p = 0.004) and gingival bleeding (p = 0.013). Individuals in SG whose caregivers perceived dental problems had a higher mean VPI (50.84 ± 5.11%) than those in CG (27.97 ± 6.50%). The mean dmft/DMFT in the SG was 2.77 ± 3.20. Class II molar relationship, overjet and anterior open bite were more prevalent in the SG. Conclusion: Caregivers of children/adolescents with CP perceive more oral problems, such as visible plaque, gingival bleeding and malocclusion, than caregivers of children/ adolescents with typical development.

scholarly journals Oral health status and treatment needs of children with sickle cell disease in Abha and Khamis Mushait cities of southern Saudi Arabia

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 431
Author(s):  
Maha H. Alamri ◽  
Reem A. Alqahtani ◽  
Norah A. Alqahtani ◽  
Wejdan A. Shobeili ◽  
Rafi A. Togoo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Sickle Cell Disease ◽  
Oral Health Status ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cell Disease ◽  
Treatment Needs ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control

Background: This study aimed to assess the oral health status and dental treatment needs of children with Sickle Cell disease (SCD) in Abha and Khamis Mushait cities of southern Saudi Arabia.Methods: A total of 82 children were included in the study, 41 children with SCD and 41 control group. A total of 82 children having age group of 2 to 13 years from Abha and Khamis Mushait cities of southern Saudi Arabia were examined. The clinical examinations were performed by experienced clinicians in those children who fulfilled the required inclusion criteria. Intraoral examination was done using Decayed-Missing-Filled Teeth Index (DMFT Index) and other dental conditions were examined. Statistical analysis was done with Chi square test and level of significance was set at p<0.05.Results: Prevalence of dental caries was shown between the 2 groups of children i.e., SCD and control. When SCD was compared with control group, the Mean ±Standard deviation for decayed missing filled tooth was found to be DMFT= 6.95±4.79, 8.02±4.33 respectively. Statistically no significant difference was found (P=0.290). 17.1% of children with SCD group has gingivitis compared to control group which is 7.3%. Statistically no significant difference was found (P=0.177). Dental trauma, deleterious oral habits and tooth brushing amount SCD children were shown no statistically significant compared to control group.Conclusions: In the present study no significant difference was evident in dental diseases and treatment needs among SCD and Control group.

scholarly journals Assessment of oral health in chronic kidney disease patients aged between 30-70 years in Mangalore, South India

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 2116
Author(s):  
Ancy R. J. ◽  
Rekha P. Shenoy ◽  
Praveen S. Jodalli ◽  
Laxminarayan Sonde ◽  
Imran Pasha M.
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Oral Health Status ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Periodontal Pocket ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Care Hospital

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is an increasing health concern worldwide. In addition to systemic changes, kidney disease patients also present with oral complications. The objectives of the study were to assess and compare the oral health status in patients with CKD (with diabetes and without diabetes) undergoing dialysis and not undergoing dialysis aged between (30-70) years and controls in Mangalore, South India.Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 160 adults with various types of kidney disease and controls, attending a tertiary care hospital in Mangalore. Oral health status was assessed using WHO oral health assessment form for adults 2013. Oral hygiene was assessed by using simplified oral hygiene index and gingival status was assessed by using modified gingival index.Results: Number of decayed teeth was more among controls, and number of missing teeth was more among CKD patients. Diabetic CKD patients who were not on dialysis had highest number of teeth with periodontal pocket and more sextants with loss of attachment. Non-diabetic CKD patients who were on dialysis had more gingival bleeding and gingival inflammation. Multinomial logistic regression analysis showed that CKD patients have more odds of having poor oral health than controls.Conclusions: CKD patients had poor oral hygiene, gingival and periodontal status. In contrast, dental caries was significantly lower in CKD patients than the control group. Good oral health condition mitigates the risk of infection, contributing to a better quality of life among CKD patients.

scholarly journals Environmental Arsenic Contamination and its Effect on Dental Caries Experience in School Children

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 21-25
Author(s):  
Manju R. ◽  
Amitha M. Hegde ◽  
Anisha Keshan
Keyword(s):  
Arsenic Exposure ◽  
Caries Experience ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Hair Samples ◽  
Icdas Ii ◽  
Chronic Arsenic Exposure ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Control ◽  
Possible Cause

Aims and Objectives: To assess the effect of exposure to arsenic by drinking water and caries prevalence in children. Material and Methods: A total of 200 children between 10 to 14 years of age, 100 each from study village (Hutti, Raichur district, Karnataka) and control village (Sanduru, Bellary district, North Karnataka) were included in the study. Water samples from both the villages were analyzed for arsenic levels. Arsenic levels were determined in the hair and nail samples from the subjects to assess chronic arsenic exposure. Caries experience was measured by the DMFT/deft index and the severity of caries was measured by modified ICDAS-II index. Results: The mean concentration of arsenic in the study group was found to be 2.44 ppm in the hair samples and 2.72 ppm in the nail samples as compared to 0.12 ppm in both hair and nail samples in the control group. These values were statistically significant ( p < 0.001). The mean DMFT score in the control group was 0.99 and in the study group was 2.45, which was statistically significant ( p < 0.05) using SPSS version 21. Conclusion: Chronic arsenic exposure could be a possible cause for the increased caries experience in children in the study group.

scholarly journals Oral Health Status of Kuwaiti Children with a History of Chronic Liver Disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 341-346 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abrar Alanzi ◽  
Mariam Alkheder ◽  
Muawia Qudeimat
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Chronic Liver Disease ◽  
Oral Health Status ◽  
Caries Prevalence ◽  
Enamel Defects ◽  
Gingival Overgrowth ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Mean

Objective: To investigate the oral health status and dental manifestations of children with a history of chronic liver disease (CLD) compared to healthy children.Subjects and Methods: Twenty children (15 boys and 5 girls) with a history of CLD were compared to 20 healthy controls matched for age and gender. The clinical examination was carried out by the same dentist. Caries prevalence, using the decayed, missing, and filled primary and permanent teeth indices (dmft/DMFT), was recorded. Developmental enamel defects, plaque scores, and gingival overgrowth were also investigated. Results: No statistically significant differences were found in mean dmft scores for children with a history of CLD (4.9 ± 5.4) and for healthy individuals (3.9 ± 4.5). However, the mean DMFT score was significantly higher (p =0.025) in children with CLD (4.2 ± 4.6) compared to controls (1.7 ± 1.6). The mean decayed teeth parameter (DT) was also significantly higher in children with CLD (p =0.004). All patients with CLD exhibited enamel defects compared to only 33% in the control group (p< 0.05). A higher mean plaque index was observed in children with a history of CLD (p< 0.001). Also, a positive correlation for gingival overgrowth was noted in patients with a history of CLD (p< 0.05). Green staining was evident only in the permanent dentition of 1 child with CLD. Conclusion: Children with a history of CLD exhibited a high caries prevalence, high plaque scores, and more enamel defects compared to healthy subjects. Gingival overgrowth is less prevalent among pediatric liver transplant patients on tacrolimus therapy.

scholarly journals Salivary Biomarker Levels and Oral Health Status of Children with Cerebral Palsy and Their Healthy Siblings: A Comparative Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. e0015
Author(s):  
Palanichamy Anjugam ◽  
◽  
Veerabadhran Mahesh Mathian ◽  
Murugesan Gawthaman ◽  
Selvaraj Vinod ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Salivary Flow ◽  
Oral Health Status ◽  
Salivary Flow Rate ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Salivary Biomarkers ◽  
Healthy Siblings

Background: The dental needs of cerebral palsy children are an area of study much in need of attention. The neglect of this aspect should be rectified, and simpler diagnostic methodologies should be established and used to serve this purpose. Aim: This study aimed to determine oral health status and salivary biomarkers (salivary flow rate, pH, buffering capacity) among children with cerebral palsy (CP), to compare their data with that of their healthy siblings, and to evaluate the relationship between salivary biomarkers and dental caries. Methods: A total of 30 CP children (study group) and 30 normal healthy siblings (controls) were selected between the ages of 5 and 12 years. Salivary biomarkers were assessed, and oral health status was examined. Statistical Analysis: Chi-square test was used for comparison of oral health status. “Unpaired t test was used to compare caries indexes (decay/filled teeth–primary dentition [dft] and decay/missing/filled teeth–permanent dentition [DMFT]) and salivary biomarkers between the groups. Pearson correlation was used to find the correlation between salivary biomarkers and caries. Results: The dft scores were significantly higher in the study group (P<0.05). The pH values and salivary flow rates were significantly lower in the study group (P<0.05 and P<0.001, respectively). There was a significant correlation between DMFT scores and salivary flow rate in the study group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Low pH and low salivary flow rate might be risk factors for dental caries in CP populations; moreover, the significant correlation between DMFT score and salivary flow rate suggests that salivary flow rate could be used as a screening tool for assessing at-risk subjects in such populations.

ORAL SIDE EFFECTS OF SYSTEMIC TREATMENT IN WOMEN WITH BREAST CANCER VISITING REHMAN MEDICAL INSTITUTE PESHAWAR : A CROSS-SECTIONAL SURVEY

JKCD ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-14
Author(s):  
Amjid Ali
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Oral Health Status ◽  
Breast Cancer Treatment ◽  
Medical Institute ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Immunological Therapy

Objectives: The aim of the study was to characterize the oral health in breast cancer survivors treated in the Rehman Medical Institute, Peshawar. Materials & Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted at the Rehman Medical Institute Peshawar between Jan 2017 and June 2018 of women diagnosed with Breast Cancer who received care. Forty three patients were selected in both breast cancer groups as well as in control group. Initially diagnosed patients of breast cancer, followed by surgical therapy and additional radio and chemotherapy were included in this study. Whereas female patients who received (supplementary/solely) endocrine or immunological therapy were excluded from this study, similarly were the women with severe chronic diseases such as chronic heart disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and other cancers. Statistical analysis analysis were performed with the SPSS , Version 22.0. Results: Unfavorable oral health status of women who received breast cancer treatment compared to the oral health status of the control group has been shown in this study. Conclusion: Results indicate a need for more education about the potential oral effects of breast cancer therapies and about providing the best possible care for patients undergoing breast cancer treatment.

scholarly journals Comprehensive Evaluation of the Oral Health Status, Salivary Gland Function, and Oxidative Stress in the Saliva of Patients with Subacute Phase of Stroke: A Case-Control Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 2252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piotr Gerreth ◽  
Mateusz Maciejczyk ◽  
Anna Zalewska ◽  
Karolina Gerreth ◽  
Katarzyna Hojan
Keyword(s):  
Salivary Gland ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Oral Health Status ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Lipid Hydroperoxides ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Subacute Phase ◽  
Oxidative Damage To Proteins

This is the first study to assess, comprehensively, the oral health status; salivary glands’ function and enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant defense; and oxidative damage to proteins and lipids in the non-stimulated (NWS) and stimulated (SWS) whole saliva of stroke patients. The study included 30 patients in the subacute phase of the stroke and an age and gender-matched control group. We showed that the activity of antioxidant enzymes (catalase and salivary peroxidase) was significantly higher in both NWS and SWS of stroke patients, similarly to uric acid concentration. However, in the study group, the reduced glutathione (GSH) concentration in SWS decreased. The contents of protein glycooxidation products (advanced glycation end products (AGE) and protein oxidation products (AOPP)) and lipid hydroperoxides were significantly higher in NWS and SWS of stroke patients. In the study group there was also a decrease in stimulated saliva secretion and total protein content. Interestingly, products of protein and lipid oxidation correlate negatively with SWS flow. The ROC analysis showed that salivary GSH with 100% specificity and 100% sensitivity differentiates the analyzed groups (AUC = 1.0). To sum up, in subacute stroke patients there are redox imbalances and oxidative damage to proteins and lipids in non-stimulated and stimulated saliva. Stroke patients also suffer from salivary gland dysfunction.

Evaluation of Oral Hygiene Status, Salivary Characteristics and Dental Caries Experience in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemic (ALL) Children

2011 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 319-323 ◽  
Author(s):  
AM Hegde ◽  
S Joshi ◽  
K Rai ◽  
S Shetty
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Salivary Flow ◽  
Oral Health Status ◽  
Salivary Flow Rate ◽  
Caries Experience ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Salivary Ph

Leukemia constitutes approximately 30% of all childhood cancers and Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia(ALL) is the most common type of malignancy. Oral dryness, ulceration, increased dental decay seen is due to altered salivary flow rate and buffering capacity in these children. Oxidative stress may play an important role in the malignancies resulting in onset of inflammatory oral pathologies. Saliva constitutes first line of defense against free radical-mediated oxidative stress. The present study attempted to relate the oral health status, salivary flow rate, salivary pH, gingival health status, dental caries experience and total salivary antioxidant levels in ALL children. A total of 120 children aged 4-10 years (90 leukemic children, study group and 30 normal healthy siblings, control group) were divided into 4 groups of 30 each. Oral health status, gingival status and dental caries experience was recorded followed by un-stimulated saliva collection. Total antioxidant capacity of un-stimulated saliva was evaluated. The results depicted deterioration in oral health status, gingival status and increased dental caries experience in leukemic children. Salivary flow rate, salivary pH and total salivary antioxidant levels were lowered in leukemic children when compared with control group.

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