scholarly journals Gender preference and its impact on families: a cross sectional study

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 2538
Author(s):  
Roma S. Dadwani ◽  
Hetal T. Koringa ◽  
Girija P. Kartha
Keyword(s):  
Female Child ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Male Child ◽  
Gender Preference ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Total Study Population ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Gender Of Child ◽  
Study Participants

Background: Despite tremendous economic progress made through liberalization and globalization, gender preference for children remains a major issue in any society throughout the globe. The aim of the study was to determine the gender preference for children and its impact on family among study population.Methods: A cross sectional study was carried out between October-2013 to December-2013 in the urban (Ratanpar) and rural (Khodu village) field practice area of C U Shah Medical College Surendranagar, Gujarat. Total 377 study participants were selected by using systematic random sampling. Data was collected using pre designed and pre tested questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS.Results: Out of total study population, about 78.8% were completed their family and 21.2% had desire for child in near future. Those who had completed their family, nearly two third of them were blessed with both male and female child (62%). Among those who had desire for child (n=80), about two fifth (41.2%) wished to have male child. At parity one, 52% had desire for only male child as next child and also strong preference for male child was observed at parity two and above among those having only female children.Conclusions: Study revealed that most of the couples wish to have at least one son in the family hence perception of parents towards desired gender of child to be born must be gravitated in favor of daughters.

scholarly journals Study of aetiology and clinical spectrum of patients with acute undifferentiated fever, in a tertiary care setting: a descriptive cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 1566
Author(s):  
Vinay Jishtu ◽  
Pramod K. Jaret ◽  
Prem Chand Machhan ◽  
Nidhi Chauhan
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Febrile Illness ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Clinical Spectrum ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Hospital Data ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Gandhi Medical College ◽  
Study Participants

Background: Acute undifferentiated fever illness (AUFI) is a common cause of morbidity and mortality in developing countries, owing to its non-specific features. The aim of the study was to delineate the causes and clinical parameters associated with AUFI.Methods: A cross-sectional study was done among 156 patients of AUFI, admitted in the Department of Medicine, Indira Gandhi Medical College, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India, from November 2018 to October 2019.Results: The mean age of the study participants was 37.37±14.2 years. The study participants admitted for acute undifferentiated febrile illness had fever with mean duration of 8.38±3.7 days before hospitalization. The most common aetiology of AUFI was found to be enteric fever (44%), followed by scrub typhus (35%). The majority of the cases presented from the month of September to December.Conclusions: The aetiology and clinical spectrum of AUFI is wide and variable. To outline a proper algorithm to contain it, meticulous analysis of the hospital data at each level is necessary.

scholarly journals Burnout among medical students of a medical college in Kathmandu; A cross-sectional study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. e0253808
Author(s):  
Dhan Bahadur Shrestha ◽  
Nagendra Katuwal ◽  
Ayush Tamang ◽  
Agrima Paudel ◽  
Anu Gautam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Study Participants

Background Medical students are more prone to burnout than the general population and students of other faculties due to the demanding nature of medical education with limited time and resources. Burnout has a negative impact on the academics and personal life of the students which can continue into their professional life and ultimately hamper patient care. The purpose of this study is to determine the prevalence of burnout among medical students of a medical college and find its association with age, gender, and year of study. Materials and methods This cross-sectional study was conducted among medical students of a medical college in Kathmandu, Nepal from 14 January to 7 March, 2021. Stratified sampling followed by a simple random sampling technique was employed to select study participants. Data was collected through a self-administered questionnaire using the English version of the Oldenburg Burnout Inventory adapted for students (OLBI-S) and analyzed in STATA version 15. Results The prevalence of burnout was found out to be 65.9% (n = 229). And of the remaining, 12.7% were exhausted, 11.4% were disengaged and 10.0% were neither exhausted nor disengaged. Burnout had no significant association with age in years, gender, and year of study. Conclusions This study shows an alarming prevalence of burnout in almost two-thirds of medical students. These results indicate the necessity of employing effective strategies by relevant authorities for the mental well-being of future physicians. Further multicenter prospective studies are required for a better understanding of the prevalence and associated factors of burnout.

scholarly journals Awareness regarding medical ethics in health care practice among the resident doctors in a tertiary care hospital of the sub-Himalayan region: a cross sectional study

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 708
Author(s):  
Anupam Parashar ◽  
Nidhi Chauhan ◽  
Rahul Gupta ◽  
Vineet Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Medical Ethics ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Practice ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Gandhi Medical College ◽  
Study Participants

Background: Bio-ethics i.e. health care ethics is a set of moral principles, beliefs and values that guide us in making choices about medical care. This novel study was carried out with an objective of assessment of knowledge regarding the medical ethics among the resident doctors of Indira Gandhi Medical College, Shimla Himachal Pradesh.Methods: This descriptive analytical cross-sectional study was conducted at Indira Gandhi Medical College (IGMC), Shimla, Himachal Pradesh among the resident doctors using predesigned, structured, self-administered anonymous close-ended questionnaire. We analyzed the data using Stata software version 12.Results: There were a total of 61 study participants, who consented to participate, of which more than half were females (52.5%). The mean age of the study participants was 28.6±0.63 years. Regarding the source of knowledge about medical ethics most of the study participants had acquired the information during their experience at their workplace (42.6%). A majority of the male participants disagreed that confidentiality while providing the health care services should be abandoned (54.3%). More than 90% of the study participants agreed that incorporation of medical ethics is necessary in undergraduate curriculum.Conclusions: Incorporation of a formal structured teaching on medical ethics in the undergraduate curriculum is the need of the hour. Besides research work, the medical ethics committee in the institution should also act as the guiding hands to address the grievances faced by the doctors during medical practice.

scholarly journals A cross sectional study on adequacy of blood transfusion and transfusion related infections in thalassemic patients attending a medical college hospital, West Bengal

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (8) ◽  
pp. 3596
Author(s):  
Tarun Kumar Sarkar ◽  
Pulak Kumar Jana ◽  
Jasmine M. ◽  
Timiresh Kumar Das ◽  
Mrinmoy Adhikary ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
West Bengal ◽  
Ferritin Level ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Study Participants

Background: Thalassemia is more prevalent in India. The main treatment of Thalassemia is blood transfusion. But the transfusion of blood has many side effects like iron overload, transfusion related infections etc. The objectives of the study were to assess the adequacy of blood transfusion for thalassemic patients and to determine the magnitude of transfusion transmitted infections among those patients.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted in Murshidabad Medical College and Hospital, West Bengal for 1 month with the sample size of 116. The blood samples from the patients were taken from the patients attending for blood transfusion in transfusion centre of Murshidabad Medical College and Hospital for two weeks dated from 24.04.2017 to 05.05.2017 to check for the hemoglobin, ferritin level and hepatitis B, C and HIV infection.Results: Among the 116 patients, even after transfusion, 94% of the study participants have their hemoglobin levels below 7 gm/dl. Only 2 individuals got their hemoglobin levels more than 9 gm/dl and only 1 patient got HIV infection post transfusion which accounts for 0.9% of study population.Conclusions: Frequent Hb estimation will help to maintain the adequacy of blood transfusion and proper screening of the blood before transfusion can help in reducing these transfusion transmitted infections.

scholarly journals Emotional intelligence of medical undergraduates: a cross sectional study

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. 5328
Author(s):  
Ujwala U. Ukey ◽  
Sarita K. Sharma ◽  
Pragati Rathod ◽  
Sonali S. Patil ◽  
Sanjeev M. Choudhary ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Male Students ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Self Assessment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Medical Undergraduates ◽  
Study Participants

Background: Emotional intelligence (EI) is defined as the ability to perceive, access and generate emotions. This in turn will assist thoughts to understand emotions and emotional meanings and thus reflectively regulate emotions so as to promote both better emotional and intellectual growth. EI is essential for a competent physician. The present study was conducted to know the EI of medical students.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted at Government Medical College Nagpur among final year part 1 medical undergraduates. Data was collected with the help of pre tested, predesigned, self-administered proforma based on the “quick emotional intelligence self-assessment questionnaire”. Statistical analysis was done with epi info software and appropriate statistical tests were applied to prove the significance.Results: Of the total 197 study participants, 100 (50.76%) were female students and remaining 97 (49.24%) were male students. Mean score for EI was 102.16 With 95% confidence the population mean is between 99.6 and 105.Conclusions: Emotional intelligence for most of the study participants belonged to ‘consider strengthening’ category indicating good scores. Female medical undergraduates were more emotionally intelligent than male students.

scholarly journals Prevalence of stress, anxiety and depression in undergraduate medical students: a cross sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 1471
Author(s):  
Gaurav Kamboj ◽  
Nilika . ◽  
Sweta Bhartiya
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Undergraduate Medical Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Different Levels

Background: It is important to identify the prevalence and risk factors of psychological distress among medical students which not only affect their health but also the academic achievements at different points of time in their study period. In addition, the patient care is affected by psychological distress among physicians such as poor communication, diminished quality of care and medical errors have been found associated with physical stress.Methods: The present study was a descriptive type of cross-sectional study, which was conducted in a government medical college located in rural Haryana, India from June to July 2018 among 200 MBBS students after adopting inclusion and exclusion criteria. A pre-validated, pre-designed structured depression, anxiety and stress scale-21 items (DASS-21) (annexure 2) was used for obtaining information from the study subjects. The total score of the study subjects was computed and thereafter graded for levels of stress, anxiety and depression.Results: The response rate was 94.5%. The mean score for DASS 21 scale was found to be 16.13 (±11.27). Out of the total, 61.4% students are suffering from different levels of depression. About two-third of the study participants (69.8%) were suffering from different levels of anxiety. The prevalence of stress was about 46.6% in the study subjects.Conclusions: The study confirmed the general impression that there is considerable amount of stress, anxiety and depression in medical students.

scholarly journals A study on compliance of antenatal care among the mothers attending immunisation clinic of Murshidabad Medical College and Hospital, West Bengal

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 1666
Author(s):  
Vinoth Gnana Chellaiyan ◽  
Mrinmoy Adhikary ◽  
Timiresh Kumar Das ◽  
Neha Taneja ◽  
Shailaja Daral
Keyword(s):  
Sex Determination ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Gender Discrimination ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Female Child ◽  
Antenatal Clinic ◽  
Male Child ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Study Participants

Background: Gender discrimination is the unfair denial of opportunities and violation of their rights. Despite of discrimination laws and regulations, women are subjected to unequal treatment in all the phases of their life in India. The present study was conducted among antenatal women to determine their preference, if any, for male child and their awareness regarding technology and legality for sex determination of fetus in a tertiary care hospital.Methods: The study was a cross sectional study conducted among pregnant women aged 18 years and above attending antenatal clinic at Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi from June 2015- May 2016. Systematic random sampling method was used to include 238 study participants. A pre-tested, semi-structured, and self-administered questionnaire was used. Data was analyzed using SPSS v.21.0. Chi-square test was applied to test significance of difference (p˂0.05).Results: Among 238 study participants, mean age of study participants was 29 (±3.5) years. About 107 (45.0%) pregnant women had no gender preference. 88(37%) preferred male child, the major reasons quoted for male child preference were pressure from family 29 (32.95%) and social responsibilities carried by male 25 (28.40%). Only 43 (18.0%) women preferred a female child. 187 (78.57%) study participants, were aware regarding sex determination and 72 (30.25%) said private hospital preferred place for sex determination. 36.56% women had knowledge about the legal implications associated with sex determination.Conclusions: The present study showed the high existence of male preference in our society which is a common barrier in achieving reduced national fertility levels. So, there is every need to bring about changes in social, economic, and political structure in order to reduce gender inequality in India.

scholarly journals Factors associated with open air defecation in a rural field practice area of a medical college: a cross sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 909
Author(s):  
Arshiya Taranum ◽  
Satya Reddy ◽  
Muhammed Muntazeem G. ◽  
Bhaskar Kurre
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Open Spaces ◽  
Open Defecation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
The Family ◽  
Field Practice ◽  
Bodies Of Water ◽  
Study Participants

Background: Open defecation is the practice where people go out in fields, bushes, forests, open bodies of water or other open spaces rather than using the toilet to defecate. The health hazards due open air defecation are soil and water pollution, contamination of foods and propagation of flies which results in the spread of diseases like typhoid, cholera, dysenteries, diarrheas, hookworm diseases, ascariasis, viral hepatitis and other intestinal infections.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted at Singanodi village. 122 houses were selected for interview. One member from each household, preferably the head of the family was interviewed. The questionnaire included the socio-demographic features, practices about sanitary latrine usage and awareness about the diseases due to open air defecation. Data was entered in MS Excel and analysed using SPSS vs 20.Results: In the study the prevalence of open air defecation was found to be 63.1%. Majority of the study participants (52.5%) had sanitary latrines in their houses. 15.6% of the household practices open air defecation in spite of having toilets in their homes. Significant association was found between education and overcrowding with open air defecation.Conclusions: The study reinforces the importance of creating awareness about the importance of sanitary latrines and involvement of Government, NGO and communities is essential to stop open air defecation practices.

scholarly journals Isolation Of Potential Pathogenic Bacteria From Nasopharynx From Patients Having Cough For More Than Two Weeks.

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 13-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazi Yesmin ◽  
S M Shamsuzzaman ◽  
Akhtaruzzaman Chowdhury ◽  
Khadeza Khatun ◽  
Jahangir Alam
Keyword(s):  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Socioeconomic Group ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Lower Socioeconomic ◽  
Single Organism ◽  
Study Participants

This cross sectional study was done from January 2009 to June 2010 in Microbiology department of Dhaka Medical College on isolation of potential pathogenic bacteria from nasopharynx from patients having cough for more than two weeks. The nasopharyngeal swabs were collected from 290 patients for culture and 101 blood samples were collected for slide agglutination test against anti- Bordetella antibody. In case of culture of nasopharyngeal swabs, 117 (73.12%) samples yielded growth of single organism, 16 (10%) yielded mixed growth and 27 (16.88%) samples yielded no growth in children. In adults, 85 (65.39%) samples yielded growth of single organism, 1 (0.77%) yielded mixed growth and 44 (33.84%) samples yielded no growth. Highest incidence (33.33%) of S. pneumoniae was found in age group of 1-5 years, highest incidence (32.20%) of N. meningitidis was found in age group of 18-25 years and highest incidence (32%) of Staph. aureus was found in age group of 25-50 years. One (0.63%) B. pertussis was isolated from a child and 5 (3.84%) B. parapertussis were isolated from adults. In this study, 116 (83.45%) samples yielded growth in lower socioeconomic group and 101 (70.62%) yielded growth in the samples of middle socioeconomic group. Among the study participants, 31(30.70%) were positive and 70 (69.30%) were negative for antibody against B. pertussis. In anti-Bordetella antibody positive cases, 14 (93.33%) children had duration of cough for 2-3 weeks, 7 (43.75%) adults had duration of cough for 3-4 weeks and 1 (6.25%) adults had more than 6 weeks.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjmm.v4i2.10826 

scholarly journals A cross-sectional study to assess prevalence and determinants of unplanned pregnancy among eligible couples of rural field practice area: RDGMC, Ujjain

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 2472
Author(s):  
Shikha Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Social Determinants ◽  
Unplanned Pregnancy ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
High Infant Mortality ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Study Participants

Background: Unplanned pregnancy have emerged as one of key public health indicator affecting women, their families and societies at large. Globally, an estimated 40% pregnancies in 2012 were unplanned jeopardising health of millions of women and children. Unplanned pregnancies are also associated with increased risk of low birth weight and high infant mortality. Need of the study was to obtain information which can lead to improvement in use of available products and resources by addressing social determinants of reproductive health affecting pregnancy intensions.Methods: Cross- sectional study was conducted in DSS (Demographic Surveillance Site), RD Gardi Medical College, Ujjain. Study included all consenting eligible couples excluding couples not available at time of interview and sterilized couples. “The London Measures of Unplanned Pregnancy” questionnaire (tested and validated for Indian settings) was used to assess pregnancy outcomes.Results: According to scores 8% pregnancy came out as unplanned, 79% planned and 13% ambivalent. Occurrence of unplanned pregnancy was significantly associated with age (χ2=14.216, p=0.027), socio-economic status (χ2=19.757, p=0.003) and housing (χ2=22.337, p=0.000) conditions of study participants. But when the above factors were further analysed using regression analysis, none was significantly associated.Conclusions: Prevalence of unplanned pregnancy came out to be 8%. Further, none of the studied social determinants came out to be significantly associated with the occurrence of unplanned pregnancy. More studies with a qualitative nature will be needed to know the reasons for unplanned pregnancy.

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