scholarly journals Health workforce in India: opportunities and challenges

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
pp. 4596
Author(s):  
Kesavan Sreekantan Nair
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Education ◽  
Health System ◽  
Health Workforce ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
World Health ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Better Regulation ◽  
Political Commitments ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Workforce Density

Health system reforms in India during the past decade yielded an impressive growth of medical, dental and nursing education opportunities, but health workforce density remains low in comparison to the World Health Organization (WHO) norms. Apart from shortage, retaining qualified health workforce in the rural and underserved areas remains a huge challenge. This crisis is likely to persist until and unless health system addresses the fundamental requirements of health workers as envisaged in health policies. Concerted attention and long term political commitments are required to overcome health system barriers to achieve rural recruitment and retention across various cadres in states. As the major share of health workforce belongs to the private sector, their resources need to be harnessed to meet health system goals through partnerships and collaborations. There is an urgent need for better regulation and enforcement of standards in medical education and delivery of health services across the public and private sectors.

scholarly journals Is health workforce sustainability in Australia and New Zealand a realistic policy goal?

2011 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 152 ◽  
Author(s):  
James M. Buchan ◽  
Lucio Naccarella ◽  
Peter M. Brooks
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Health Workforce ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
World Health ◽  
Home Based ◽  
Self Sufficiency ◽  
Policy Direction ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
High Level ◽  
Agreed Definition

This paper assesses what health workforce ‘sustainability’ might mean for Australia and New Zealand, given the policy direction set out in the World Health Organization draft code on international recruitment of health workers. The governments in both countries have in the past made policy statements about the desirability of health workforce ‘self-sufficiency’, but OECD data show that both have a high level of dependence on internationally recruited health professionals relative to most other OECD countries. The paper argues that if a target of ‘self-sufficiency’ or sustainability were to be based on meeting health workforce requirements from home based training, both Australia and New Zealand fall far short of this measure, and continue to be active recruiters. The paper stresses that there is no common agreed definition of what health workforce ‘self-sufficiency’, or ‘sustainability’ is in practice, and that without an agreed definition it will be difficult for policy-makers to move the debate on to reaching agreement and possibly setting measurable targets or timelines for achievement. The paper concludes that any policy decisions related to health workforce sustainability will also have to taken in the context of a wider community debate on what is required of a health system and how is it to be funded.

scholarly journals ANALISA MANFAAT INTERPROFESSIONAL EDUCATION PADA PENDIDIKAN DAN PRAKTIK KEPERAWATAN JIWA

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 12-19
Author(s):  
Muhammad Agung Krisdianto, Maula Mar’atus Solikhah
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Nursing Education ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Interprofessional Education ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
World Health ◽  
Mental Health Nursing ◽  
Integrated Education ◽  
Health Nursing ◽  
Health Organization

Efforts to improve the quality of education are currently being made by starting to add learning methods that are more applicable and able to meet stakeholder demands. The World Health Organization (WHO) has launched a program to address human resource problems in health and the health service system by implementing collaborative practices among health workers. Interprofessional Education (IPE), also known as interprofessional learning, is an education concept recommended by WHO as integrated education to build collaboration between health workers. Objective: To analyze the benefits of IPE on mental health nursing education and practice. Methods: This study used a literature review method. PICO is used in selecting and determining article data to be used as material for a literature review. The data is processed using content analysis. Result: IPE is useful for mental health nursing education and practice based on scientific studies that have been conducted. Conclusion: IPE has benefits in nursing education and practice so that it can overcome problems that arise in mental health nursing.

Prepayment schemes

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Abel Olsen
Keyword(s):  
Health Insurance ◽  
Social Health Insurance ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
World Health ◽  
Health Coverage ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Revenue Collection ◽  
Otto Von Bismarck ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Universal Health

This chapter considers two different ways of organizing revenue collection in statutory healthcare schemes: social health insurance and taxation. The two models are commonly referred to as ‘Bismarck vs Beveridge’ after the men associated with the origin of these systems: the first German chancellor Otto von Bismarck (1815–1898), and the British economist Lord William Beveridge (1879–1963). The differences between these two compulsory prepayment schemes are discussed and compared with private health insurance. Based on a simple diagram introduced by the World Health Organization, three dimensions of coverage are illustrated. Some policy dilemmas are highlighted when attempting to achieve universal health coverage. Finally, various combinations of public and private prepayment schemes are discussed.

scholarly journals Prevalence and factors associated with Metabolic Syndrome in elderly users of the Unified Health System

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 805-817 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edna Cunha Vieira ◽  
Maria do Rosário Gondim Peixoto ◽  
Erika Aparecida da Silveira
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Health System ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
World Health ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Unified Health System ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the prevalence and factors associated with metabolic syndrome in the elderly. METHODS: Cross-sectional study, with 133 individuals randomly selected in the Unified Health System in Goiania, Goiás. The following variables were researched: anthropometric (BMI, waist circumference, fat percentage by Dual X-ray absorptiometry), sociodemographic (gender, age, color, income, marital status and years of schooling), lifestyle (physical activity, smoking and risk alcohol consumption) and food intake (risk and protective foods). The metabolic syndrome was assessed according to harmonized criteria proposed by the World Health Organization (WHO). The combinations were tested by Poisson regression for confounding factors. RESULTS: The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 58.65% (95%CI 49.8 - 67.1), with 60.5% (95%CI 49.01 - 71.18) for females and 55.7% (95%CI 41.33 - 69.53) for males. Hypertension was the most prevalent component of the syndrome in both men, with 80.8% (95%CI 64.5 - 90.4), and women, with 85.2% (95%CI 75.5 - 92.1). After the multivariate analysis, only the excess of weight measured by body mass index (prevalence ratio = 1.66; p < 0.01) remained associated with the metabolic syndrome. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of metabolic syndrome in this sample was high, indicating the need for systematic actions by health workers in the control of risk factors through prevention strategies and comprehensive care to the elderly.

scholarly journals Edukasi dan Deteksi Dini Komplikasi Kehamilan dengan Pemeriksaan Laboratorium

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 43-49
Author(s):  
Rochany Septiyaningsih ◽  
Dhiah Dwi Kusumawati ◽  
Frisca Dewi Yunadi ◽  
Septiana Indratmoko
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
World Health ◽  
Maternal Deaths ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Pregnancy And Childbirth ◽  
Delivery Assistance ◽  
The World ◽  
Laboratory Examinations ◽  
Health Organization

The World Health Organization (WHO) states that maternal mortality worldwide due to complications during pregnancy and childbirth in 2017 is estimated at around 810 cases. Between 2000 and 2017 there was a decline in the ratio of MMR around the world by 38%. WHO also states that 94% of global maternal deaths occur in low and middle income countries. In Indonesia, maternal deaths due to complications from pregnancy or childbirth every year are estimated at 20,000 mothers died from five million births. Delivery assistance by trained health workers in health facilities can be an effort to reduce MMR and IMR. In addition, awareness of pregnant women is also important for the importance of having a pregnancy with a health worker. This community service aims to increase the knowledge of pregnant women about anemia and to detect early pregnancy complications by laboratory examinations. The target of this activity is 15 pregnant women. The dedication activity is conducting educational activities, laboratory examinations in Tambakreja Village, Cilacap Regency. Based on the results of this activity it was concluded that there was an increase in knowledge of pregnant women about anemia and found 2 pregnant women experiencing anemia from 15 pregnant women and urine examination found all negative pregnant women

scholarly journals Online Courses on COVID 19 Outbreak for Health Workers by World Health Organization- A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 26-29
Author(s):  
  Dr. Sandeep Kale ◽  
Dr. Govind Khati ◽  
Dr. Pornima Kale ◽  
Dr. Santosh Girbide ◽  
Dr. Milind Kamble
Keyword(s):  
World Health Organization ◽  
Online Courses ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
World Health ◽  
Health Organization

scholarly journals Change in affordability of medications in Kazan in 2011 and 2015 as a reflection of state initiatives to regulate drug prices

2017 ◽  
Vol 98 (5) ◽  
pp. 822-826 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ch M Razzakova ◽  
L E Ziganshina
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Generic Drugs ◽  
World Health ◽  
Price Ratio ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Drug Prices ◽  
State Initiatives ◽  
Health Action ◽  
Medicine Prices ◽  
Health Organization

Aim. Performing comparative analysis of drug prices in 2011 and 2015 in Kazan to assess the effectiveness of state initiatives to ensure the affordability of medicines. Methods. The collection and processing of data was performed according to methodology developed by Health Action International and World Health Organization (WHO/HAI). We studied the availability and prices of 30 medicines in public and private pharmacies in Kazan in 2011 and 2015 and analyzed the procurement prices of the same medicines in inpatient hospitals. Recording and analysis were performed using standardized MS Excel WHO/HAI Workbook. Medicine prices were compared with international reference prices and were expressed as median price ratio. Results. The analysis showed a decrease in medicine prices in 2015 compared to 2011. In public and private sectors median price ratio of the originator brands reduced by about 3 times, and of the lowest price generics reduced by 1.5 times. A decrease in procurement prices by more than 2 times for generics and more than 6 times for the original brands was also revealed in 2015 in comparison with 2011. Conclusion. State initiatives to regulate drug prices contributed to the price reduction by 1.5-3 times in 2015 compared to 2011; changes in the procedures for the medicines procurement at the legislative level resulted in reduction of procurement prices by more than 2 times for generic drugs in 2015 compared to 2011.

scholarly journals Biomedical Waste Management in Kandahar City

2019 ◽  
pp. 40-48
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
International Standards ◽  
World Health ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Biomedical Waste ◽  
Public And Private Hospitals ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Health Care Centers

Biomedical wastes management is one of the most important issues in public health centers and it is a crucial issue for environmental sectors as well. Wrong and inappropriate management treat the life of human beings in Kandahar City. Currently the population of this city has exponentially increased than ever because of the immigration of many people from neighboring provinces. This research was conducted in 15 districts of Kandahar public and private health care centers to identify the current biomedical waste management in Kandahar city. The qualitative and quantitative date was collected through a questionnaire from public and private hospitals, clinics and health care centers. In addition, discarding, segregating, labeling, transporting and disposing system of biomedical waste were observed. The result showed that 65.3% newly hired biomedical waste staff not received training or instruction. Furthermore, the result indicates that 44% generated biomedical wastes are regulated by municipality and color coding is not followed accordingly. Current biomedical waste is not appropriate based on designed international standards and the criteria suggested by world health organization.

Rational and Irrational Drug Use: Factors, Impacts and Strategies to Combat Irrational Drug Use: A Narrative Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-17
Author(s):  
Zahra Hassan AL Qamariat ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Health System ◽  
Essential Medicines ◽  
World Health ◽  
Local Health ◽  
Rational Drug Use ◽  
Inappropriate Use ◽  
Rational Drug ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

Misuse of drugs is a serious health problem all around the world. Rational drug use can be characterized as follows: patients receive drugs that meet their clinical needs, at doses that meet their requirements, promptly and at the lowest cost to themselves and their region. Drug abuse, polypharmacy, and misuse are the most prominent drug use problems today. Misuse of drugs can occur for a variety of reasons at different levels, including recommended mistakes and over-the- counter medications. Inappropriate use of income can lead to real negative benefits and financial results. There are many irrational drug mixtures available. Appropriate rational use of medicines will increase personal satisfaction and lead to better local health services. A list of essential medicines recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) can assist the countries around the globe in rationalizing the distribution and purchasing of medicines, thus decreasing the costs to healthcare systems. Irrational drug use has been a subject of concern for years as it affects the health system and patients badly. Irrational use of drugs can result from several factors such as patient, prescriber, dispenser, health system, supply system, or regulations. Thus, diverse strategies have been used to promote rational drug use and also to tackle irrational use. Thereby the concept of rational and irrational drug use and factors that lead to either result should be identified and monitored.

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