scholarly journals A study of skin manifestations in patients with psychiatric disorders

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 376
Author(s):  
Haritha Samanthula ◽  
Madhavi Kodali ◽  
Karthik Manyam
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Psychiatric Illness ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Skin Manifestations ◽  
History Of ◽  
Dermatological Disorders ◽  
Psychophysiological Disorders

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> The interaction between psychological factors and skin diseases has long been hypothesized. Considerations of psychiatry and psychosocial factors are important for better management of dermatological disorders as coexistence of psychiatric and dermatological disorders are mostly seen. The aim of the study was to identify skin manifestations in individuals suffering from psychiatric disorders.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> A total of 100 patients attending dermatology OPD were screened for history of any psychiatric illness and patients with a positive history of psychiatric illness were recruited into study. The skin lesions were categorised as per the classification of psychodermatology and results were analysed accordingly.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> The patients recruited belonged to age groups ranging from 12 to 70 with a higher female to male ratio (54% females and 46% males). The psychophysiological disorders constituted 29 %, among them chronic urticaria (34.4%) followed by psoriasis (27.58%) constituted the majority. 18% had primary psychiatric disorders, of which pruritis (61.1%) and delusions of parasitosis (22.2%) were commonly observed. Secondary psychiatric disorders constituted 21%, among them vitiligo comprised (33.33%), and acne (28.57%).</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> The study shows a positive association of skin diseases with psychiatric illnesses. Dermatologists should be able to treat the patients holistically, and must know the ideal time to refer the patients to psychiatrists for better management.</p>

scholarly journals Primary skin diseases and cutaneous manifestations of systemic diseases in swine

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (8) ◽  
pp. 579-588
Author(s):  
Paula R. Pereira ◽  
Ronaldo M. Bianchi ◽  
Márcia E. Hammerschmitt ◽  
Raquel A.S. Cruz ◽  
Kivia L. Hesse ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Systemic Diseases ◽  
Cutaneous Manifestations ◽  
Pityriasis Rosea ◽  
Allergic Dermatitis ◽  
Follicular Cyst ◽  
Inspection Process ◽  
Conclusive Diagnosis

ABSTRACT: Skin diseases in pigs can negatively impact the production. They cause losses related to the death of the affected pigs, to the cost with the treatment, growth retardation and condemnations in the slaughterhouses. This study was developed to determine the frequency and describe the histopathological findings of skin diseases in pigs in different age groups through a retrospective study from 2006 to 2018. A total of 154 conclusive cases were analyzed, including skin restricted diseases (allergic dermatitis, exudative epidermitis, vesicular dermatitis, pityriasis rosea, swinepox, follicular cyst, papilloma and scrotal hemangioma) or skin lesions secondary to systemic diseases (erysipelas, porcine dermatitis and nephropathy syndrome (PDNS), bacterial septicemia and multiple hemorrhages without definite cause). The skin lesions were classified as bacterial (46.1%), viral (26.6%), allergic (12.3%), neoplastic (1.3%) and others (13.6%). Swine erysipelas was the most frequent diagnosis (47/154), followed by PDNS (23/154), allergic dermatitis (19/154) and exudative epidermitis (15/154). Vesicular dermatitis (9/154), pityriasis rosea (9/154), septicemia with cutaneous manifestations (9/154), swinepox (9/154) and multiple hemorrhages without definite cause (7/154) were also observed. Follicular cyst (3/154), hyperkeratosis without definite cause (2/154), papilloma (1/154), and scrotal hemangioma (1/154) were less frequently described. Of the conclusive diagnosis, age was reported in 138 cases, with the highest frequency of skin lesions observed at the inspection process during slaughter (56/138).

scholarly journals Influence of Family Environment on Childhood Emotional and Behavioural Disorders

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (44) ◽  
pp. 2544-2549
Author(s):  
Ganga G. Kaimal ◽  
Varghese P. Punnoose ◽  
Saibunnisa Beevi K
Keyword(s):  
Family History ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Emotional Disorders ◽  
Family Environment ◽  
Psychiatric Illness ◽  
Family Type ◽  
Behavioural Disorders ◽  
Child Psychiatric ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
History Of

BACKGROUND India has a large proportion of child and adolescent population. Psychiatric disorders are common among children and adolescents, but they are often underdiagnosed. Family environment influences psychopathology in young children. Identification of risk factors for child psychiatric disorders can lead to early identification of children at risk and facilitation of preventive interventions. METHODS The study was conducted among 103 children attending the Child Guidance Clinic (CGC) in a tertiary care institute in Kerala. A specially prepared proforma was used to obtain the sociodemographic profile and clinical variables. Global Family Environment Scale was used to assess the quality of family environment. ICD 10 classification of mental and behavioural disorders was used for making diagnosis, and Ravens Coloured Progressive Matrices was used for assessing intelligence. RESULTS Emotional disorders were seen more commonly in girls, and in older age group. Children with behavioural disorders were below average in academics and the difference between the groups was statistically significant. No statistically significant difference was found between the groups in socioeconomic status, locality, family type, family history of psychiatric illness, and in family environment. CONCLUSIONS Though there was no statistically significant difference, family history of psychiatric illness and poor and moderately unsatisfactory family environment was observed in a large proportion of children. This finding may have implication in management of childhood psychiatric disorders. KEYWORDS Family Environment, Children, Emotional Disorders, Behavioural Disorders

scholarly journals A study to analyze the correlation between nutritional dermatoses with socioeconomic status, dietary fallacies and growth in children 1 to 5 years of age, in and around rural area

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 1474
Author(s):  
Pavan Kumar D.
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Growth Failure ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Socioeconomic Condition ◽  
Skin Conditions

Background: Little information is available about the prevalence of skin conditions among the children in general population. Skin conditions vary in frequencies and severity in different age groups, different geographical locations and under different definitions of skin diseases. Low socioeconomic status, malnutrition, overcrowding, poor standards of hygiene are important factors accounting for development of nutritional dermatoses in developing countries such as India. The objective of the present research was to study the association between nutritional dermatoses with Socioeconomic status, dietary fallacies and growth in children 1 to 5 years of age.                Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted in a rural based medical college of Dakshina Kannada District in Karnataka among the one to five years age children, who were attending the Pediatric out patient with nutritional skin lesions from the month of November 2012 to October 2013. The sample size was estimated as 150 children.Results: In present study, 76.00% (114) of children fall in the group of under nutrition and 73.33% (110) children is having the causative factor as Dietary Fallacies. Majority of children 60.66% (91) with nutritional dermatoses belongs to class IV socio-economic status according to B.G Prasad classification, 27.33% (41) belongs to class III and 12.00% (18) children belongs to class V. 64.66% (97) of children with nutritional dermatoses were underweight, 47.33% (71) of children showed wasting and 35.30% (53) children were stunted.Conclusions: Lower socioeconomic condition and dietary fallacies were the two most causative factors which had an adverse effect on nutritional status of child causing dermatoses. Nutrition deficiency had an impact of early transitional growth failure and delay in the achieving mile stone.

scholarly journals Scabies outbreaks during 2019 in Al- Daseem, Al-Rusafa-Baghdad: A retrospective study

2021 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-69
Author(s):  
Bashar A. Abdul Razzaq ◽  
Tuka Y. Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Family Member ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Personal Contact ◽  
Poor People ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
History Of

Abstract Background: Scabies is a skin infestation by the Sarcoptes scabiei mite. Scabies is transmitted through close personal contact. Settings like hospitals, prisons and childcare centers are at greater risk of outbreaks. Both male and female may be infected with scabies in any age groups. It is common in tropical climate countries poor people who live in rural areas and among displaced patients. It rises significantly among low economic status because skin diseases are significantly associated with a higher crowding index. Objectives: To estimate the prevalence of scabies in Al- Daseem region and identify factors associated with an increased risk of scabies among patients.   Methodology: A retrospective cross sectional study was carried out about scabies outbreak in Al- Daseem area which located at Al-Rusafa side in Baghdad during 2019. Basic data were obtained from records of communicable disease section/public health director / Al-Rusafa health directorate. All registered cases during 2019 were included in the study, and then data computerized and analyzed using SPSS version 23 using frequency tables for the selected variables under study. Participants represented by students of Ali Al Wardi School (the only school in Al Daseem area) and from people live in this area (20% of them selected randomly). Data included socio-demographic information (age, sex, family member, and treatment). The diagnosis of scabies was based on their typical history of (itching that worsens at night, the distribution of lesions, and a history of contact with other family member infected with scabies).   Results: A total of 11363 participants information were obtained from database, 6473were male and 4873 were female. There were 746 (6.6% of total) participants infected with scabies of them, there were 457 (7%) male patients and 289 (5.9%) female patients. There was significant association between scabies and gender of patients, P=0.018. According to the age groups of patients, there were 161 (6.4%) patients 6 years old, 337 (8.8%) patients within (7-12 years) age group, 82         (6.7%) patients within (13-19 years) age group, and there were 166 (4.3%) patients 20 years old. There was a significant difference between scabies and age group, p<0.001. Of the total patients, there were 622 (85%) patients had another family member infected with scabies. There was a significant association between patients and having another family member infected with it, P<0.001. Conclusion: prevalence of scabies in Al-Daseem region was (6.6%). Scabies was dominant among male, age group of (7-12 years), and having other family member infected with scabies.    Key words:  Scabies, Al-Desame, outbreak, mite, school.

Epidemiology of Completed Suicides in Singapore for 2001 and 2002

Crisis ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 148-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie Loh ◽  
Chay Hoon Tan ◽  
Kang Sim ◽  
Gilbert Lau ◽  
Adrian Mondry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Psychiatric Illness ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Diagnostic Category ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
National Average ◽  
Completed Suicide ◽  
History Of

Abstract. This study provides an analysis of 640 completed suicide cases in Singapore for the years 2001 and 2002, compared to previous years and in relation to demographic and socioeconomic factors, as well as to the characteristics of a subgroup of suicide victims with prior psychiatric illness. There was little change in the suicide pattern over the 2 years studied compared to previous years. The sex ratio was constant at 1.5. Population-adjusted ratios were 1 for Chinese, 0.5 for Malays, and > 1 for both Indians and other ethnic groups. Falling from heights ranked first in terms of method adopted for both years. A disproportionately higher number of suicides were recorded for the 25-34 and the ≥ 75-year-old age groups. A total of 47 (17.2%) in 2001 and 74 (20.2%) in 2002 of the cases had a history of prior psychiatric illness, with psychotic disorders being the most common diagnostic category. There was also a statistically significant correlation between unemployment and incidence rates. Although the overall rate of elderly suicides had gone down since the 1990s, prevention strategy should focus on the elderly as this rate is still about 3-4 times the national average.

scholarly journals Ethnobotanical Study on Medicinal Plants for Dermatological Disorders at Chittagong Hill Tracts, Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shejuti Rahman Brishty ◽  
Nurul Islam Setu ◽  
Md. Rafi Anwar ◽  
Raunak Jahan ◽  
M.M.K. Mia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Traditional Healers ◽  
Ethnobotanical Study ◽  
Drug Preparation ◽  
Chittagong Hill Tracts ◽  
Ethnobotanical Survey ◽  
Main Mode ◽  
Dermatological Disorders

Background: Dermatological disorders affect people in all age groups and prevail all around the globe. In this regard, medicinal plants play a significant role as they are usually the first line of treatment in dermatological disorders. Because traditional healers in Bangladesh know little about the use of plants to treat different skin diseases, we carried out an ethnobotanical survey of medicinal plants in the Chittagong Hill Tracts (CHT) to explore the traditional uses for healing wounds and skin problems. Objectives: This study aimed to list the plants employed as remedies against various dermatological disorders in CHT. Methods: The survey was performed from January 2016 to December 2017 with fieldwork undertaken in CHT of Rangamati, Bandarban, and Khagrachari. Open-ended and semi-structured questionnaires were used for interviewing a total of 387 people comprising traditional healers, Ayurvedic/Unani drug manufacturers, and local inhabitants. A total of 56 plant species of 32 families were documented. The most frequently used plant parts were leaves. The majority of the species were shrub in nature, while paste represented their main mode of drug preparation. Most plants grew wild in forests, with some cultivated in homestead and gardens. Results: There was remarkable diversity in the doses of different plant preparations for various treatments. The presence of identified active compounds can rationalize the conventional use of many plants to treat dermatological disorders in Bangladesh. Conclusion: This documentation accounts for the preliminary information necessary to perform future phytochemical investigations and is vital for the conservation of these plants.

scholarly journals Factors of psychiatric morbidity during perinatal period

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 53-58
Author(s):  
Shahana Parveen ◽  
Mohammad Akteruzzaman ◽  
Mohammad Muntasir Maruf ◽  
Sumiya Akhter ◽  
Sadya Tarannum
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Family Environment ◽  
Psychiatric Illness ◽  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Perinatal Period ◽  
Psychiatric Evaluation ◽  
History Of ◽  
Axis I

The presence of psychiatric disorders during perinatal period imposes negative and long-term effect on maternal health and child development as well as normal family environment. The purpose of our study was to investigate the socio-demographic factors associated with psychiatric morbidity during perinatal period. It was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted among purposively selected 197 perinatal women attending the Obstetrics & Gynaecology Outpatient Department (OPD) of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University and Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka from August 2012 to July 2013. Data were collected through face-to-face interview by administering a semistructured questionnaire, containing socio-demographic and other variables and translated Bangla version of Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis-I Disorders – Clinician Version (SCID-CV). Majority (79.7%) of the women were included in the age group of 20-34 years. The mean (±SD) age of the respondents were calculated as 24.60 (±4.88) years. Rural habitat was predominant (53.6%). A good number (5.1%) of respondents with psychiatric disorders had positive family history of psychiatric illness which was found statistically significant. Majority (7.6%) of the respondents with psychiatric disorders had previous history of psychiatric illness. Women in perinatal period with the risk factors for developing psychiatric disorders need proper psychiatric evaluation to prevent and treat perinatal mental illness.Bang J Psychiatry December 2015; 29(2): 53-58

scholarly journals A study of dermatological disorders with primary psychiatric illness from South India

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 766
Author(s):  
Jeena Dixon D. ◽  
Rajesh Rajagopal
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Psychiatric Illness ◽  
South India ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Dermatological Examination ◽  
Dermatological Disorders

<p><strong>Background:</strong> Dermatological disorders are frequent among patients with psychiatric illness. The interaction between skin and mind is complex. Pre-existing skin diseases may be modified in psychiatric illness due to self induced changes which may delay the diagnosis and treatment of skin diseases and result in complications. There are only few published studies about skin diseases in psychiatric patients from south India. We are undertaking this study to highlight the importance of dermatology consultation in psychiatric patients.</p><p><strong>Methods:</strong> 200 patients with primary psychiatric disorders who accepted for the study were subjected to history taking and general examination. Detailed dermatological examination was carried out by visual inspection and clinical examination.</p><p><strong>Results:</strong> Out of 200 patients, 65 were diagnosed with major depressive disorder, 42 patients were with bipolar disorder, 40 with schizophrenia, 30 with obsessive compulsion disorder, 23 with anxiety disorder. 153 (76.5%) patients had dermatological findings, in which 84 (55%) had infectious disease, 35 (22.9%) had parasitic infections, 26 (17%) had fungal infections, 15 (9.8%) had bacterial infections, 8 (5.23%) had viral infections. 56 (36.6%) had non-infectious skin findings, 22 (14.4%) had acne, 15 (9.8%) had pruritis, 12 (7.84%) had eczema, 5 (3.3%) had psoriasis and 2 (1.3%) had vitiligo. 13 (8.4%) patients had psychodermatological problems, 10 (6.53%) had neurotic excoriation, 2 (1.3%) had delusion of parasitosis and 1 (0.6%) had trichotillomania.</p><p><strong>Conclusions</strong>: This study implies that there is a definite association of dermatology and psychiatry.</p>

A Rare Case of Spinal Leprosy Mimicking Spinal Tuberculosis

2019 ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
K Thuraikumar ◽  
V Naveen ◽  
Mustaqim A ◽  
Arieff AA ◽  
K Shri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Back Pain ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Posterior Instrumentation ◽  
Spinal Tuberculosis ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Titanium Implants ◽  
Paravertebral Abscess ◽  
History Of

Introduction: Spinal tuberculosis is the most common manifestation of extrapulmonar y tuberculosis. A combination of leprosy and tuberculosis is a rare entity.Case report: A 44-year-old male patient working as a laborer presented to our hospital with complaints of severe back pain and swelling over the back, difficulty in walking, associated with constitutional symptoms. On admission, he was febrile and had leukocytosis. Initial spine X-ray showed end plate destruction and increase in soft tissue shadow at the level of T8-T9. CT spine revealed thoracic paravertebral collection extending from T7 to T9 levels, suggest ive of tuberculous spondylitis with cold abscess. Patient refused a transpedicular biopsy and was started on anti-tubercular therapy. Two weeks after commencement of treatment, he developed worsening back pain and weakness of the lower extremities. MRI spine showed a paravertebral abscess and posterior soft tissue edema involving level of T7 to T11. Patient underwent a posterior decompression, debridement and posterior instrumentation. He was discharged well, there was improvement of his lower limb power. Upon clinic review, he complained of multiple hyperpigmented, painless, nonpruritic skin lesions over the trunk and back. No previous history of eczema, psoriasis and Tinea corporis. Given the history of allergy, initial impression was hypersensitivity reaction towards the titanium implants, and he was started on anti-histamines. However, there was no improvements seen. Histopathological examination of skin lesions revealed presence of granuloma within the dermis layer, composed of epitheloid, histiocytes, lymphocytes and plasma cells. Wade-Fite stain for Mycobacterium leprae is positive. Slit skin smear shows multibacillary leprosy. Patient was started on multidrug therapy (rifampicin, clofazimine and dapsone) for 1 year. He has recovered well.International Journal of Human and Health Sciences Supplementary Issue: 2019 Page: 33

scholarly journals Predicting COVID-19 mortality with electronic medical records

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hossein Estiri ◽  
Zachary H. Strasser ◽  
Jeffy G. Klann ◽  
Pourandokht Naseri ◽  
Kavishwar B. Wagholikar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Medical Information ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Prognostic Models ◽  
Smoking History ◽  
Risk Scores ◽  
Gradient Boosting ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Clinical Expertise ◽  
History Of

AbstractThis study aims to predict death after COVID-19 using only the past medical information routinely collected in electronic health records (EHRs) and to understand the differences in risk factors across age groups. Combining computational methods and clinical expertise, we curated clusters that represent 46 clinical conditions as potential risk factors for death after a COVID-19 infection. We trained age-stratified generalized linear models (GLMs) with component-wise gradient boosting to predict the probability of death based on what we know from the patients before they contracted the virus. Despite only relying on previously documented demographics and comorbidities, our models demonstrated similar performance to other prognostic models that require an assortment of symptoms, laboratory values, and images at the time of diagnosis or during the course of the illness. In general, we found age as the most important predictor of mortality in COVID-19 patients. A history of pneumonia, which is rarely asked in typical epidemiology studies, was one of the most important risk factors for predicting COVID-19 mortality. A history of diabetes with complications and cancer (breast and prostate) were notable risk factors for patients between the ages of 45 and 65 years. In patients aged 65–85 years, diseases that affect the pulmonary system, including interstitial lung disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, lung cancer, and a smoking history, were important for predicting mortality. The ability to compute precise individual-level risk scores exclusively based on the EHR is crucial for effectively allocating and distributing resources, such as prioritizing vaccination among the general population.

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