scholarly journals Study of sympathetic and parasympathetic control of haemodynamics in mid pregnancy by cardiac autonomic neuropathy analyzer

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 241-245
Author(s):  
Jeewandeep Kaur ◽  
Arvinder Pal Singh Batra
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Pregnant Female ◽  
Parasympathetic Activity ◽  
Cardiac Autonomic Neuropathy ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Hand Grip ◽  
Parasympathetic Control ◽  
Significant Change ◽  
Grip Test

Pregnancy is associated with substantial changes in cardiovascular system. The action of autonomic nervous system is essential for circulatory adaptations in pregnancy and nourishing growing fetus. The study was conducted to assess the significance of autonomic function tests amongst women of mid pregnancy and non pregnant women. A comparative study was caried out amongst pregnant and non pregnant women in Department of Physiology. A total of 60 women (30 pregnant as study group and 30 non pregnant healthy women as control group) aged between 18- 30 years were included in study. The results indicated that there was statistically significant change in resting heart and highly statistically significant change to deep breathing in mid pregnancy reflecting higher parasympathetic activity in study group (pregnant female) as compared to control group (non pregnant female) while sympathetic activity assessed by isometric hand grip test didn’t show any statistically significant change among pregnant as compared to non pregnant. Our study showed role of parasympathetic activity in controlling haemodynamics in mid pregnancy and it may help to return the arterial pressure to non pregnant level by causing haemodilution, although when the increase in activity is excessive, hypertension may ensue.

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF RECTAL PROGESTERONE ON DOPPLER PARAMETERS OF THE UTERINE ARTERIES FOR THE PREVENTION OF PRETERM DELIVERY IN IRAQI POPULATION

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 545
Author(s):  
Fatin Shallal Farhan ◽  
Ban Hadi Hameed ◽  
Muna Abdulghani Zghair
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Preterm Labor ◽  
Resistance Index ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Duration Of Treatment ◽  
Uterine Arteries ◽  
Doppler Study ◽  
Threatened Preterm Labor ◽  
Doppler Indices

Objective: The effectiveness of progesterone in the prevention of threatened preterm labor has been established for many years, but the preferable route, dose, and duration of treatment are until now under the evaluation of researches. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of rectal progesterone on Doppler indices of the uterine arteries in pregnant women with threatened preterm delivery.Methods: A prospective case–control study was conducted at the obstetric ward and the Outpatients Department of Al-Yarmouk Teaching Hospital in Baghdad for the period of 1 year from April 1, 2017, to April 1, 2018. 100 women were enrolled in the study, 50 of them were pregnant women with a diagnosis of preterm labor assigned as a study group and the other 50 were apparently healthy pregnant women of the same gestational age assigned as a control group. Doppler study of uterine arteries was done to all participants, and the results were compared for both groups. The patients with preterm labor received nifedipine tocolysis initially until contractions subsided and Doppler study had been repeated for those women after 1 week of rectal progesterone therapy.Results: The study group had a significantly higher resistance index (RI) than the control group (0.58 vs. 0.52) as p<0.05, in spite of the pulsatility index (PI) being higher for the study group compared to the control group (0.78 vs. 0.77) but this difference was not statistically significant. The RI before the therapy (0.58) was significantly higher than the index after therapy (0.52), and the PI was again significantly higher before therapy (0.78) than after therapy (0.71) as p<0.05. During the follow-up period, 3 (6.5%), 4 (8.7), and 39 (84.8%) patients delivered within 1 week, after 1 week, and at term, respectively.Conclusion: Rectal progesterone can arrest threatened preterm labor, and this effect is possible in part explained by its action on uterine arteries.

scholarly journals Postpartum endometritis prevention in abdominal delivery planning in pregnant with severe anaerobic vaginal dysbiosis

2015 ◽  
Vol 96 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
K V Voronin ◽  
A M Alale ◽  
I I Alale ◽  
R M Banakhevich
Keyword(s):  
Cesarean Section ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Vaginal Discharge ◽  
Bacterial Flora ◽  
Uterine Cavity ◽  
Test System ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Septic Complications ◽  
Ascending Infection

Aim. Prevention of purulent and septic complications in females after planned caesarean section.Methods. Out of 60 pregnant women, who underwent comprehensive examination during the trial, 35 (58.3%) were included in the study group and were delivered off by planned cesarean section; 25 (41.7%) pregnant women, included in the control group, were delivered off by urgent cesarean section. Considering the goal of the study, bacteriology of vaginal discharge, amniotic fluid and placental tissues, DNA detection of vaginal discharge bacterial flora before and after treatment (using «Femoflor-16» test system) according to classification by M.N. Boldyreva (2010), uterine cavity aspirate cytology according to classification by M.A. Kupert (2003), sonography of the uterus and uterine adnexa on the 4-5 day after the surgery according to classification of A.P. Milovanov were added to the training program for pregnant women. In the study group, pregnant patients with severe anaerobic vaginal dysbiosis at the 36-38 weeks of gestation were administered causal treatment of severe anaerobic vaginal dysbiosis, pregnant patients of the control group were not treated if severe anaerobic vaginal dysbiosis was diagnosed.Results. Performed correction of vaginal microbiota in the study group has significantly improved the course of postoperative period, reduced the incidence of uterine subinvolution, signs of chorioamnionitis as a manifestation of ascending infection compared to the control group. Postpartum endometritis has developed in 1 (2.8%) patient of the study group and in 5 (20.0%) cases in the control group. Offered method for preparing the patients with vaginal dysbiosis to cesarean section reduced the risk for postpartum endometritis by 6.8 times.Conclusion. Strategy of preparation for planned Caesarean section should include vaginal discharge bacteriology and treatment of severe anaerobic vaginal dysbiosis, which reduces the risk for postpartum endometritis by 6.8 times.

scholarly journals Perinatal outcome in meconium-stained amniotic fluid at term: a single center prospective study

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 107
Author(s):  
Vandana Mohapatra ◽  
Sujata Misra ◽  
Tapas Ranjan Behera
Keyword(s):  
Caesarean Section ◽  
Amniotic Fluid ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Perinatal Outcome ◽  
Mode Of Delivery ◽  
Birth Asphyxia ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Meconium Stained Amniotic Fluid

Background: The presence of meconium-stained amniotic fluid is a sign of fetal compromise and is associated with increased perinatal morbidity. The objective of this study was to determine the perinatal outcome in pregnant women at term with meconium-stained amniotic fluid (MSAF) and compare it with the outcome associated with clear liquor. Methods: A prospective observational, study was conducted in the department of obstetrics and gynecology, VIMSAR, Burla from January, 2013 to June, 2013. Pregnant women with singleton pregnancy, cephalic presentation at term were included in the study. Total 135 cases of MSAF (study group) were compared with 165 randomly selected controls with clear liquor. Outcome measures were fetal heart rate (FHR) abnormality, mode of delivery, Apgar score, neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission, diagnosis of meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS), birth asphyxia and neonatal death. Statistical analysis was done by using the mean and Chi-square test with or without Yates’ correction.  Results: The mean gestational age for meconium staining in the present study was 40.31±0.48 weeks. Caesarean section was the most common mode of delivery in MSAF group whereas vaginal delivery was most common in control group. Significantly higher number of babies in the study group required NICU admissions. The incidence of MAS and birth asphyxia too was statistically higher among babies born to study group as compared to control group.Conclusions: MSAF has significant adverse effect on the perinatal outcome, as it increases the caesarean section rates, NICU admissions, MAS and birth asphyxia.

scholarly journals The thickness changes of retina in high myopia patients during the third trimester of pregnancy: a pilot study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chenchen Liu ◽  
Puying Wei ◽  
Jun Li
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
High Myopia ◽  
Retinal Thickness ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Average Thickness ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Objectives To observe and compare the difference in retinal thickness using optical coherence tomography (OCT) between patients with high myopia (HM) during the third trimester of pregnancy and age-matched HM non-pregnant women. Methods A case-control study. A total of 39 eyes from 39 HM women in the third trimester (study group) and 50 eyes of 50 age-matched non-pregnant women with HM (control group) were included. All subjects underwent SD-OCT examination. The built-in software was used to measure the retinal thickness in macular region. The data from two groups were compared using independent-samples t test. Results Among the 89 subjects in this study, the mean gestational age of the study group was 35.09 ± 2.44 weeks, and the average age was 32.24 ± 3.75 years. The average age of the control group was 34.04 ± 7.19 years old. Compared with the control group, the average thickness of parafoveal area, and the average thickness of parafoveal superior, inferior, temporal quadrants of the superficial retina and the average thickness of the foveal and parafoveal of the superficial retina were significantly decreased in the study group (P < 0.05). Compared with the control group, the average thickness of all quadrants of the retina in the parafoveal area except the nasal quadrant were significantly decreased in the study group (P < 0.05). Conclusions In this observational study, the retinal thickness of patients with high myopia during the third trimester of pregnancy was thinner than that of non-pregnant women with age-matched high myopia.

scholarly journals Distribution of thyroid peroxidase positivity and its effects on thyroid function in normal pregnant women during 1st trimester in Dhaka city

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-20
Author(s):  
Ohida Sultanaa ◽  
Nasim Jahan ◽  
Nayma Sultana ◽  
Farzana Mahmudad ◽  
Tazdik G Chowdhurye
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Thyroid Function ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Thyroid Peroxidase ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Total Study Population ◽  
Group B

Objective: To measure the distribution of TPO-Ab positivity and to observe the effect of thyroid peroxidase positivity on thyroid function during first trimester in normal pregnancy. Method: A cross sectional among 120 subjects were taken in this study and divided into control and study groups. Control group (Group A) consisted of 60 healthy non pregnant women age ranged between 20 to 35 years. Study group (Group B) consisted of 60 normal pregnant women of same age range. Group B was further subdivided into group B1 and group B2according to the level of TPO-Ab. Group B1 consisted of TPO-Ab positive pregnant women and group B2 consisted of TPO- Ab negative pregnant women. Control group was selected from personal contacts and study group from Out Patient Department (OPD) of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Sir Salimullah Medical College and Mitford Hospital. For assessment of thyroid function, serum free thyroxine (FT4), thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) were measured. Serum FT4, TSH were measured by Enzyme link immunosorbant (ELISA) method. Again, serum TPO-Ab of total study population and hCG of all the pregnant women were measured. Serum TPO-Ab by Micro particle Enzyme Immunoassay (MEIA) method and hCG was estimated by ELISA. Statistical analysis was done by SPSS version 17. Results: In this study, serum FT4 and was significantly (P<0.001) higher and TSH level was significantly (P<0.001) lower in normal pregnant women during 1st trimester in comparison to those of non pregnant women. Again, 18% of pregnant women showed TPO-Ab positivity. However, serum FT4 level was significantly (P<0.001) lower whereas, TSH level was significantly (p<0.001) higher in TPO-Ab positive pregnant women in comparison to those of TPO-Ab negative pregnant women. Conclusion: TPO-Ab positivity increases during 1st trimester of normal pregnancy which decreases the hyper functional state of thyroid hormones. So, thyroid screening should be done routinely during pregnancy. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/updcj.v4i1.21160 Update Dent. Coll. j: 2014; 4 (1): 15-20

scholarly journals A Comparative Study of Relationship between Micronutrients and Gestational Diabetes

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farideh Akhlaghi ◽  
Seyyed Majid Bagheri ◽  
Omid Rajabi
Keyword(s):  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Micronutrient Concentration ◽  
And Control

In this paper, we studied the relation between the micronutrient and gestational diabetes. Therefore, we measured micronutrient concentration including Ni, Al, Cr, Mg, Fe, Zn, Cu, and Se in serum of women with gestational diabetes between 24 and 28 weeks of gestational age (study group) who had inclusion criteria and comparison with micronutrient levels in normal pregnant women with same gestational age (control group). Results showed that there was no significant difference between the serum micronutrient level (Ni, Al, Cr, Mg, Zn, Cu, Se) in study and control groups except serum level of iron which in serum of gestational diabetic women was lower than normal pregnant women and difference was significant.

scholarly journals Utilidad diagnóstica de la relación plaquetas/linfocitos en embarazadas con preeclampsia

2021 ◽  
Vol 81 (01) ◽  
pp. 5-12
Author(s):  
Eduardo Reyna-Villasmil ◽  
◽  
Jorly Mejía-Montilla ◽  
Nadia Reyna-Villasmil ◽  
Duly Torres-Cepeda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Diagnostic Efficacy ◽  
Lymphocyte Ratio ◽  
Platelet Lymphocyte Ratio ◽  
A Value ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Objective: To establish the diagnostic utility of the platelet-lymphocyte ratio in pregnant women with preeclampsia. Methods: A case-control study was carried out at the Hospital Central “Dr. Urquinaona” Maracaibo, Venezuela. A total of 180 pregnant women were selected. Ninety preeclamptic women were included as the study group (group A) and a control group selected for their age and body mass index similar to the study group, which consisted of 90 healthy normotensive pregnant women (group B). The general characteristics, platelet-lymphocyte ratio values and diagnostic efficacy were determined. Results: Group A patients presented lower platelet and lymphocyte values compared to group B patients (p <0.001). However, no statistically significant differences were found in platelet-lymphocyte ratio between group A patients (115.2 ± 32.7) and group B patients (122.3 ± 23.8; p = 0, 0971). A cut-off value of the platelets-lymphocyte ratio of 117 presented a value below the curve of 0.57, the sensitivity of 47.8%, the specificity of 50.0%, the positive predictive value of 48.9%, and the negative predictive value of 52.2%, with a diagnostic accuracy of 48.9%. Conclusion: Platelet-lymphocyte ratio is not a useful tool in the diagnosis of preeclampsia, since patients with the syndrome present similar values to normotensive pregnant women. Keywords: Platelet-lymphocyte ratio, Preeclampsia, Diagnosis, Pregnancy.

scholarly journals A study of placental blood drainage in third stage of labour to prevent postpartum haemorrhage: a randomized controlled study

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 4226
Author(s):  
Jaya Kashinathrao Bhongle ◽  
Rashmi Agarwal
Keyword(s):  
Blood Loss ◽  
Cord Blood ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Active Management ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Resource Setting ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
Placental Blood

Background: PPH is most common cause of maternal mortality accounting for 25-30% incidence and third stage of labour plays most crucial role in preventing postpartum haemorrhage.Methods: A prospective randomized control study in which 100 low risk pregnant women, admitted to labour ward with term gestation were evaluated. They were divided into 2 groups- control group (controlled cord traction) and study group (placental cord blood drainage), 50 pregnant women in each group. Duration of third stage and Amount of blood loss in third stage were evaluated and compared between the 2 groups.Results: Mean duration of third stage of labour in study group was 3.96±1.36 minutes and in control group was 6.00±2.12 minutes. The mean amount of blood loss in third stage of labour in study group was 99.80±56.47 ml in control group was 171.760±96.94 ml. Drop in haemoglobin level after delivery in control group was almost double than study group.Conclusions: Placental cord blood drainage in the management of third stage is non-invasive, easy, safe method which can be used in active management of third stage of labour as it has minimal interference in natural mechanism of placental separation. Placental cord blood drainage should be encouraged for management of third stage of labour universally to all pregnant women specifically in low resource setting areas.

scholarly journals Role of sVEGFR1 in the development of complications in pregnant women with antenatal fetal death anamnesis record

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Nevolina ◽  
Natalia Safonova ◽  
Maria Proskura
Keyword(s):  
Serum Concentration ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Fetal Death ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
Physiological Concentration ◽  
Timely Diagnosis

Background sVEGFR1 is a hypoxia influenced growth factor, involved in the endothelial dysfunction characterizing the pregnancy disorder of preeclampsia. Objective Determine correlation between dynamic pattern of sVEGFR1 serum concentration and complications in pregnant women with antenatal fetal death history for timely diagnosis. Materials and Methods A total of 35 women in the second and third trimester of pregnancy were enrolled in the study group and 30 women – in the control group. The study group was divided into 3 subgroups: subgroup #1: pregnant women, with no placental insufficiency (n=21), subgroup #2 - pregnant women with PI (n=8), subgroup #3 - pregnant women with PI resulting in preeclampsia(n=6). The control group comprised 30 pregnant women with uncomplicated childbirth. sVEGFR1 concentration was estimated in maternal serum by means of enzyme multiplied immune assay Quantikine (R and D systems, USA and Canada). Statistical data was assessed by SPSS statistics. Package was used to perform all the statistical analysis. The conventional p≤0,05 was used to assess statistical significance. Results Average age of women in the study group was 28,4±4,7 years, in the control group – 27,7±4,7 years. A physiological sVEGFR1 serum concentration was observed in the subgroup #1. As well as that, this group demonstrated concordant to the healthy pregnant women fluctuations of sVEGRF1 serum concentration. However, sVEGRF1 level was 1,2 fold less than in the control group during 29-32, 33-36 weeks of pregnancy. It was statistically proven, that fluctuations in sVEGRF1 serum concentration in the subgroup #2 were similar to the ones in the control group. No statistically significant changes of sVEGRF1 serum concentration compared to the control group were detected in the subgroup #3 up to the 28th week of pregnancy. However, a 1,5 fold increase of sVEGFR1 concentration was observed in the subgroup #3 (p<0,005) in comparison with the control group (1586±358 pg/ml, 2347±519 pg/ml, 3695±1547 pg/ml during 29-32, 33-36, >37 weeks of pregnancy, respectively). Control group demonstrated physiological concentration of sVEGRF1 throughout the pregnancy. Conclusion Changes in sVEGFR1 serum concentration were statistically significant in the group of pregnant women with PI, resulting in preeclampsia. Moreover, they were detected 3-4 weeks prior to clinical symptoms, providing opportunity for timely diagnosis and prevention measures.

HLADRB3*0101 Combined with DRB4*0101 Are Potential Predictor of Neonatal Alloimmune Thrombocytopenia (NAIT) Development

Blood ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 118 (21) ◽  
pp. 2221-2221
Author(s):  
Ophira Salomon ◽  
Ron Loewenthal ◽  
Rivka Kalt ◽  
Nurit Rosenberg ◽  
Rima Dardik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Severe Thrombocytopenia ◽  
Hla Antibodies ◽  
Hla Dr ◽  
Alloimmune Thrombocytopenia ◽  
Cross Match

Abstract Abstract 2221 Neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia (NAIT) is a life-threatening bleeding disorder in the fetus/ neonate caused by maternal alloantibodies directed against fetal platelet antigens inherited from the father. Of the 21 allonatigens described up to date http://www.ebi.ac.uk/ipd/hpa/table2.html, the human platelet antigen (HPA) −1 defined as a leucine /proline polymorphism at residue 33 in b3 integrin is the immune-dominant antigen leading to severe NAIT. Immunization to HPA-1a occurs only in 10% of HPA-1bb pregnant women, 90% of them carrying histocompatibility leukocyte antigen (HLA) DRB3*0101. The aims of the present study were: 1. to prospectively study whether in addition to HLA DR B3*0101 there other potential HLA DR antigens involved in the immune process. 2. To analyse whether the response to IVIgG treatment correlates with maternal HLA DR genotype 3. to determine whether, anti HLA antibodies in addition to HPA1a antibodies, resulted in a more severe thrombocytopenia. We enrolled 21 pregnant women who had previously given birth to newborns with NAIT due to HPA1 incompatibility and had antibodies directed to their spouses HPA1 phenotype (leucine or proline polymorphism ) at the Sheba Medical Center from May 2001 to January 2011. The control group consisted of 21 women who delivered at term newborns with thrombocytopenia and a diagnosis of NAIT was ruled out. Twelve women of 21 (57%) in the study group carried both HLADRB3*0101 and DRB4*0101phenotype. But in none of the women in the control group such combination was detected. Interestingly is the observation that of 20 women who gave birth once more following IVIgG treatment, four did not respond to IVIgG and 3 (75%) of them harbor both DRB3*0101 and DRB4*0101. When lymphocytotoxic cross match analysis was performed in eighteen couples of the study group seven (39%) of them had positive lymphocytotoxic cross match. However the presence of both HLA and HPA1 antibodies against their partner phenotype did not affect platelets' counts in the newborn. Taken together we postulate that the presence of both HLADRB3*0101 and HLADRB4*0101 in the mother increases the risk of NAIT development when HPA1 incompatibility between the couples is found and can serve as a diagnostic tool. The presence of HLA antibodies against the spouse did not alter response to IgG treatment. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

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