scholarly journals Vitamin D nemesis of COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 179-185
Author(s):  
Ananda Vayaravel Cassinadane ◽  
Akshaya Sridhar ◽  
Monisha Mohan ◽  
Kalai Selvi Rajendiran ◽  
Priyanka Sekar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Length Of Hospital Stay ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Zinc Metabolism ◽  
Phosphate Homeostasis ◽  
Corona Virus ◽  
Systemic Infections ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

The surge in the spread of the corona virus disease (COVID-19) pandemic alerted us to opt for the preventive medicine, as prevention is always better than cure. Apart from wearing mask, frequent hand washing and social distancing, strengthening our immune response plays a pivotal role in preventing infections. Vitamin D not only aids in calcium and phosphate homeostasis but also acts as an immunomodulator; the deficiency of which is linked with various respiratory and systemic infections. Hence we took up this review to study the effect of vitamin D in corona illness. Vitamin D exerts the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, hinders zinc metabolism, lowers Interleukin 6 levels and thereby inhibits cytokine storm in covid patients. Studies have proved that the covid patients have vitamin D deficiency and its supplementation improves the disease severity as well as the length of hospital stay. To conclude, Vitamin D supplementation can protect as well as halt the progression of corona virus disease. Further trials are needed to set the therapeutic levels in various stages of corona illness.

scholarly journals Vitamin D and Vitamin D Receptor Gene in Osteoarthritis

2019 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir Vranic ◽  
Milena Potic Floranovic ◽  
Milan Petrovic ◽  
Srdjan Starcevic ◽  
Gordana Supic
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Receptor ◽  
Therapeutic Strategy ◽  
Musculoskeletal Diseases ◽  
Receptor Gene ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Current Data ◽  
Essential Factor ◽  
Phosphate Homeostasis

Abstract Osteoarthritis is a degenerative, painful and irreversible disease that affects millions of people worldwide. The causes and mechanisms of osteoarthritis have not been fully understood. Vitamin D is an essential factor in bone metabolism. Its actions are mediated by the vitamin D receptor, a transcription factor that controls gene expression, thus maintaining calcium and phosphate homeostasis. Vitamin D has been hypothesized to play essential role in a number of musculoskeletal diseases including osteoarthritis, and its deficiency is prevalent among osteoarthritis patients. A large number of studies have been done regarding the effects of vitamin D in pathogenesis and progression of osteoarthritis, as well as its use a therapeutic agent. Up to date, studies have provided controversial results, and no consensus concerning this matter was achieved. With this review, we aim to explore current data on the possible role of vitamin D and its receptor in pathogenesis of osteoarthritis and assess the efficiency of vitamin D supplementation as a therapeutic strategy.

scholarly journals Length of hospital stay of COVID-19 patients and its relationship with liver function abnormalities

2021 ◽  
pp. 8-12
Author(s):  
Shishir Sikto Sarker ◽  
SM Ali Hasan ◽  
Md Sarower Islam ◽  
Nimai Das ◽  
Kazi Monisur Rahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Liver Function ◽  
Serum Albumin ◽  
Hospital Stay ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Length Of Hospital Stay ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Healthcare Resources ◽  
Corona Virus ◽  
Low Serum

Corona Virus Disease (COVID-19), a threat to global public health, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has now spread to more than two hundred countries in the world. This ongoing pandemic has already been exhausted our health care systems. So determining or predicting the need of healthcare resources has now become a number one priority and the length of hospitalization is a scale which represents the function of the health system of countries. Our objectives were to see the length of hospital stay of COVID-19 patients and its relationship with liver function abnormalities. This obser- vational cross-sectional study was carried out in the COVID-19 inpatient department of BSMMU on 96 patients who are RT-PCR positive for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Liver function abnormalities (ALT, AST, ALP, PT, serum biliru- bin and serum albumin) were recorded precisely. Length of hospital stay was documented. Occurrence of liver function abnormalities and their relation with length of hospital stay were assessed statistically. Total 96 patients were included. Mean hospital stay was found to be 14.0±6.2 with range from 5.0 to 33 days. Total 49(51.0%) patients required hospital staying ≤14 days and 47(49%) patients were found hospital stay > 14 days. Mean length of hospital stay in case of mild COVID-19 patients was 6.76±1.12 days, in case of moderate Covid-19 patients was 12.22±1.91 days and in severe group it was 19.18±4.81 days. The mean length of hospital stay was statistically significant with raised ALT (18.9±6.2), raised AST(18.9±5.9) and low serum albumin (19.4±7.1) group (p<0.05). No significant association was found between mean length of hospital stay and raised ALP, PT and S. bilirubin group. This study showed that length of hospital stay were significantly higher among severe COVID-19 patients and among liver function abnormalities raised ALT, raised AST and low serum albumin were associated with significant longer hospital stay. Assessing the length of hospital stay is helpful in under- standing and predicting hospital bed demand and optimizing the use of healthcare resources. BSMMU J 2021; 14 (COVID -19 Supplement): 8-12

scholarly journals Vitamin D and COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 2346
Author(s):  
Rashmi Aggarwal ◽  
Hemant Aggarwal ◽  
Rhea Aggarwal
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Specific Treatment ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Cytokine Storm ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Corona Virus ◽  
Current Scenario ◽  
25 Oh Vitamin D ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
And Control

The ongoing COVID -19 pandemic is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus -2 (SARS-CoV-2). Since its emergence in Wuhan in Hubei province of China in December 2019, the virus has spread to every continent except Antartica. Currently, there is no registered treatment or vaccine for the disease. In the current scenario of the deadly virus spreading across continents and the absence of a specific treatment of novel corona virus, there is an urgent need to search for alternative strategies to prevent and control the rapid replication of virus. Vitamin D supplementation may reduce the incidence, severity and risk of death from pneumonia (consequent to the cytokine storm) in the current COVID pandemic. Through its effect on innate and adaptive immunity, vitamin D can reduce the risk of viral respiratory tract infections. 1, 25(OH) vitamin D directly stimulates the production of anti-microbial peptides like defensin and Cathelicidin that can reduce the rate of viral replication. In addition, it can also reduce the concentration of pro-inflammatory cytokines that are responsible for causing cytokine storm and resultant fatal pneumonia. In order to reduce the risk of infection especially in developing country like India, it is recommended that people at risk of COVDI19 may be considered for vitamin D supplementation.

It’s a long war; not over yet!

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasuhiro Morimoto
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Herd Immunity ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Multiple Strategies ◽  
Corona Virus ◽  
Main Emphasis ◽  
One Year ◽  
Better Than

Corona virus disease has engulfed the globe for well over one year now. Multiple strategies to control the pandemic have been in practice in different countries, ranging from strict curfew like lock down to selective lock down (also called smart lock down) to no lock down at all. Proponents of no lock down favored the hypothesis of ‘herd immunity’. In Japan and some other developed countries, the main emphasis has been on identification of positive case through mass testing. Although, if it made any difference in the morbidity or mortality, is anyone’s guess. However, the use of mask by all and identification and separation of the infective (not all infected) persons has led Japan to control the spread better than many other countries. The author emphasizes that we shall need to continue our all-out efforts to defeat the virus for many more months if not years. Key words: Corona virus disease; COVID-19; Pandemic; Isolation Citation: Morimoto Y. It’s a long war; not over yet! Anaesth. pain intensive care 2021;25(1):13-14. DOI: 10.35975/apic.v25i1.1427 Accepted: 25 December 2020

AN OVERVIEW OF THE GLOBAL OUTBREAK OF CORONAVIRUS DISEASE (COVID-19) INCLUDING THE ROLE OF VITAMIN D AND BEST POSSIBLE MANAGEMENT IN THE LIGHT OF UNANI MEDICINES : A REVIEW

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rabia Khan ◽  
Yasmeen Shamsi ◽  
Khursheed Ahmed Ansari ◽  
Amreen Amreen ◽  
Araf Fatima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Vitamin D Levels ◽  
Reduce Risk ◽  
The One ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

Objective: The aim of this review was to assess the roles of vitamin D in reducing the risk of respiratory tract infections, knowledge about the epidemiology of influenza and COVID-19, and how vitamin D supplementation might be a useful measure to reduce risk and also to outline the research progress and literature available of the epidemiology, pathogenesis, and clinical characteristics of COVID-19 patients information regarding the ongoing pandemic.Unani medicines can play significant role as adjuvent therapy to control the adverse effect of COVID-19 and can also act asa a best Immunomodulator. Methods: Aliterature search was conducted using the databases PubMed, Medline, Scopus and Web of Science. We described overall possible association between COVID-19 and Vitamin D. We have searched by the names corona virus, covid-19 and vitamin D association with COVID-19. Result: Through several mechanisms, vitamin D can reduce the risk of infections by lowering viral rates of replication and also reducing concentrations of pro-inflammatory cytokines that are responsible for the inflammation and injuries in the pleura. Conclusion: It was additionally observed that COVID-19 and vitamin D have a crude substantial relationship and specifically the mortality induced through this infection. The most susceptible crew of the populace for COVID-19, the getting old population, is additionally the one that has the most deficit Vitamin D levels.

scholarly journals Vitamin D: Newer Concepts of Its Metabolism and Function at the Basic and Clinical Level

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel D Bikle
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Phosphate Homeostasis ◽  
Vitamin D Metabolism ◽  
Metabolizing Enzymes ◽  
Clinical Level ◽  
New Information ◽  
A Cell ◽  
And Function

Abstract The interest in vitamin D continues unabated with thousands of publications contributing to a vast and growing literature each year. It is widely recognized that the vitamin D receptor (VDR) and the enzymes that metabolize vitamin D are found in many cells, not just those involved with calcium and phosphate homeostasis. In this mini review I have focused primarily on recent studies that provide new insights into vitamin D metabolism, mechanisms of action, and clinical applications. In particular, I examine how mutations in vitamin D metabolizing enzymes—and new information on their regulation—links vitamin D metabolism into areas such as metabolism and diseases outside that of the musculoskeletal system. New information regarding the mechanisms governing the function of the VDR elucidates how this molecule can be so multifunctional in a cell-specific fashion. Clinically, the difficulty in determining vitamin D sufficiency for all groups is addressed, including a discussion of whether the standard measure of vitamin D sufficiency, total 25OHD (25 hydroxyvitamin) levels, may not be the best measure—at least by itself. Finally, several recent large clinical trials exploring the role of vitamin D supplementation in nonskeletal diseases are briefly reviewed, with an eye toward what questions they answered and what new questions they raised.

Is calcifediol better than cholecalciferol for vitamin D supplementation?

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (8) ◽  
pp. 1697-1711 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Quesada-Gomez ◽  
R. Bouillon
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Better Than

Role of Vitamin D in prevention of Corona virus infection (COVID-19)

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Surbhi Juneja ◽  
Suwarna Dangore-Khasbage ◽  
Rahul R Bhowate
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Angiotensin Ii ◽  
Lung Injury ◽  
Cell Injury ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Renin Angiotensin System ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Angiotensin System ◽  
Renin Angiotensin ◽  
Corona Virus

Corona viruses enveloped positive-sense RNA viruses causes various diseases in mammals as well as birds which range from upper respiratory tract infection to potentially lethal human respiratory syndrome. In humans, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome corona virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causing corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) which shows symptoms like fever, sore throat, gasping and ultimately pneumonia, lung injury and leading to death. The virus acts on various systems of our body, and one of them is the Renin-Angiotensin system. It is supposed that the virus causes cell injury by acting on Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptors which causes an increase in the level of Angiotensin II, leading to inflammation and lung injury. An essential vitamin can prevent this in our body that is vitamin D. It acts on Renin-Angiotensin system (RAS) by inhibiting the action of renin and also by increasing production of ACE2 and hence Angiotensin II level decreases which prevent inflammation and lung injury. So vitamin D has a remarkable and pivotal role in modulation of the immune system of our body and hence protects human from this fatal disease.

scholarly journals Viral Infections, Including Influenza and Corona Virus Disease 2019, and Vitamin D: A Mini-Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Srđana Čulić
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Hypovitaminosis D ◽  
Global Level ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Corona Virus ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Epstein Barr ◽  
Simplex Virus

Recent research about the influence of vitamin D (VD) deficiency on the occurrence of viral infections suggests that children with VD deficiency have attenuated immune response. This, in turn, increases the severity of viral infections, especially those of the respiratory tract, that show a typical seasonality pattern during the winter months. Despite the immunization of children at the global level, outbreaks of influenza do frequently occur. Over the past months, we have witnessed that the explosive pandemic of the corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has caused significant mortality in some countries. Numerous studies have shown that VD deficiency is increasingly prevalent worldwide, and that it is potentially associated with the onset of viral infections. Persons with hypovitaminosis D and subsequent secondary immunodeficiencies ought to be identified and treated, while preventive supplementation of VD should be recommended to the general population to avoid VD deficiency during the winter. In this way, the burden of viral infections on population health and economy could be reduced. This paper also reviews the influence of VD on infections caused by hepatitis B and C viruses, human papillomavirus, Epstein–Barr virus, Human herpes virus 6, herpes simplex virus, and human immunodeficiency virus.

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