scholarly journals Traditional eye medicine associated keratitis- Current trends and practices

2022 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 731-735
Author(s):  
Preethi B ◽  
Preeti Mittal ◽  
Kiran Kumar K ◽  
Sriya Sridhar ◽  
Suresh Babu G

To study the prevalence, types and demographic profile of traditional eye medicine (TEM) use among corneal ulcer patients presenting to a tertiary eye care centre in South India.A cross-sectional study conducted on 432 new corneal ulcer patients at a tertiary eye care centre in South India from September 2018 to July 2019. Data collected included demographic profile such as name, age, sex, occupation, income, rural/urban residence, type of TEM use. Of the 432 new corneal ulcer cases, 32 used TEM. Most TEM users belonged to the age group 40- 60 years (n= 20; 62.5%). There was no difference in sex distribution. Majority of TEM users in our study resided in rural areas (n= 30; 93.75%), were involved in agriculture as occupation (n=28, 87.5%) and belonged to the lower socioeconomic status n=31(96.88%) as per Kuppuswamy classification. Profile of TEM used ranged from plant extract (n= 14; 43.75%), tongue cleaning (n= 5; 15.63%), oil (n= 7; 21.87%), breast milk (n= 4; 12.5%) and ash (n= 2; 6.25%). Use of traditional medicine is a prevalent practice in the study population. These findings offer a better understanding of health seeking behaviour of the study population which will lead to better planning, implementation and targeting of preventive and promotive eye services and awareness programmes.

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anushree Puttur ◽  
Chythra R Rao

Abstract Background: With the increasing population of geriatric women in India, it has become more necessary to identify morbidities in this population as well as potential interventions to treat them. In this study, we estimate the prevalence of depression in geriatric women living in a district in rural South India, and evaluate the effectiveness of a psycho education on improving knowledge and awareness on depression. Methods: This cross sectional study was performed among 218 females above the age of 60 years in rural areas who were interviewed using Beck’s Depression Inventory and evaluated for depression. A questionnaire was then administered to assess knowledge and attitudes regarding depression once prior to and once after the psychoeducation module was presented to assess the effectiveness of the module. Multivariate analysis was performed to identify key variables that predisposed participants for depression as well as those variables that affected the effectiveness of the psychoeducation module. Results: The study showed 31.7% of the participants to have depression using Beck’s Depression Inventory. Low education status [ AOR: 5.95(1.04-34.10), p = 0.04], decreased social interactions [AOR: 10.97 (1.43-84.13), p = .02.], daily concerns regarding health [AO: R5.09 (1.031-25.10), p = 0.05), loans to settle [AOR: 18.55(2.65-129.64), p = 0.003] and poor sleep quality [AOR:94.82 (13.97-643.72, p < .001] were positively correlated with the presence of depression. Of those participants diagnosed with depression, the psychoeducation module was less effective in those who engaged in hobbies/social activities, had good relationships with family and had concerns about their health. Conclusion: Of those interviewed, one-third were estimated to have depression. Administration of a psycho-education was seen to reduce stigma and improve health-seeking behavior. As this stigma is particularly pervasive in geriatric women in rural south India, population specific interventions need to be identified in order to improve knowledge and health seeking behavior. Keywords: Depression, Elderly, Rural India, Women, Geriatric, Psychoeducation, Intervention


2020 ◽  
pp. 69-71
Author(s):  
Kusum Kumari Prasad ◽  
Sudeshna Roy ◽  
Debalina Ghanta

Aim – To study the clinical and demographic profile of patients visiting a tertiary eye care centre along with the effect of lockdown during Covid-19 pandemic. Material and Methods – This cross-sectional study included patients presenting during the entire lockdown period i.e. 25th March to 31st May, 2020. Records of the patients relating to symptoms, diagnosis and treatment modalities were analysed. Results – A total of 723 patients presented in the ophthalmology department of which 82.43% were in the OPD and 17.57% in the emergency. 60.03% were male and 39.97% were female. In the OPD, 21.81% patients had refractory errors, 12.08% presented with corneal disorders of which viral keratitis was the most common disorder. 10.57% presented with retinal disorders, 8.05% of patients had cataract and 4.69% had glaucoma. During this period 21 emergency surgeries were conducted. Conclusion – As a result of the nationwide lockdown in response to Covid-19 pandemic, there was considerable reduction in patients indicating lesser accessibility of health services to the needy patients. This needs to be addressed by planning delivery of health services in an effective and better way.


Author(s):  
V. Pragadeesh Raja ◽  
G. Ravivarman ◽  
E. Venmathi ◽  
M. Salomi

Background: Mosquito are one of the well known causing many diseases like Malaria, Dengue, Chikungunya, Lymphatic Filariasis, Japanese Encephalitis. They are more prevalent in rural area due to various social factors and lack of knowledge. The objective of this study was to assess knowledge of people and their practices regarding mosquito borne diseases in rural areas of Kancheepuram district, Tamilnadu. Materials and Methods: A community based cross sectional study was conducted among the residents of Pooncheri, Kancheepuram district of Tamilnadu, between the period of August 2017 to September 2017 among 124 houses selected. After obtaining informed consent from the participants they were interviewed using a pretested semi structured questionnaire regarding their knowledge and practices on mosquito borne diseases. Results: The study reported that in case of any symptoms suspected to be of mosquito born disease majority of the study population 82.2% reported consulting doctors.  The most preferred mode of prevention of mosquito bite was usage of spray (33.9%) in the breeding place followed by usage of electric repellents (31.4%). Conclusion: The study indicated that majority of the study population were unaware bout the prevention practices despite knowing about these diseases. Thus, arises the need for effective propagation in the rural area about prevention strategies of mosquito born disease through mass education and social media.


Author(s):  
Mohammad Asif Khan ◽  
Najam Khalique ◽  
Zulfia Khan ◽  
Abrar Hasan

Background: Hearing impairment is avery complex phenomenon, which has many and serious consequencesfor people and involves many factors and issues that should becarefully examined. The objective of the study were to estimate the prevalence of hearing impairment in the study population.Methods: Study design was a community based cross sectional study. Setting was on field practice areas of the urban and rural health training centers, Department of Community Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh. No. of Participants was 422 study subjects age 18 and above 18 years; Systematic random sampling and proportionate to population size method (PPS). Statistical analysis was carried out using SPSS version 13; Chi-square.Results: Overall prevalence in present study population was found to be 23.1%. The prevalence in the rural areas (24.8%) was found to be higher than that of the urban areas (20.5%). The age specific prevalence showed that the maximum prevalence was in the age group of more than 70 years (66.6%). In the rural areas the prevalence was highest in the >70 year age group(75%) while in the urban areas it was maximum in the 61-70 year age group(61.5%). The prevalence was least in the 31-40 year age group in both urban (5.4%) as well as rural areas (14.5%). The association of hearing loss with age was found to be highly significant.Conclusions:A high prevalence of hearing impairment was found in the study. Increasing prevalence of hearing impairment was observed with advancing age.  


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yogita Gupta ◽  
Radhika Tandon

Abstract Purpose: To describe the variables that may be utilized in the optimization of three dimensional heads up surgeries (3D-HUS) for achieving better ergonomics among ophthalmic surgeons. Methods: A cross-sectional study conducted at the operating room of a tertiary eye care centre, equipped with ARTEVO 800 3D surgical microscope and display monitor. The parameters noted were: monitor height (MH), surgeon eye to floor distance (ETFD) surgeon eye to monitor distance (ETMD) (Fig. 1a) and viewing tilt (VT) angle. The neck and eye strain of the surgeon and assistant were scored as per Borg’s CR-10 scale, before and after surgeries.Results: 15 surgeries were analysed. The minimum ETMD was 51 inches and eye strain reduced with shorted ETMD. VT and ETFD was higher for right eye surgeries. The optimum MH was between 50 to 55 inches. Overall, neck strain and eye strain were in the range of 0-3 and 0-1, respectively.Conclusion: The various parameters affecting 3D image quality, neck and eye strain are: chair height, viewing tilt angle, eye centration, monitor distance, laterality of the eye and room illumination.


Author(s):  
Jyoti Dattaramji Bhise ◽  
Swati Dattaramji Bhise

Background: Animal bite, one of the common causes of physical injuries in spite of a long standing nature of the dog bite problem and the presence of effective intervention strategies for rabies control, it continues to pose a major public health challenge to program planners. So the present study is conducted to study Profile of animal-bite cases at immuno-prophylaxis clinic, at tertiary care centre.Methods: The present study was an observational cross-sectional study carried out at immune prophylaxis clinic of tertiary care centre, from 1st January 2013 to 31st December, 2013. All the registered cases of animal bite attending immune-prophylaxis clinic, which are ready to participate in the study were included as study population. The method used was systematic random sampling. First case was selected randomly using lottery method and then every fifth case reporting to immune prophylaxis clinic was taken in the study group. Total 3504 cases of animal bite were reported during the study period. 20% of these i.e. 700 cases of animal bite were included in the study.Results: Out of 700 study subjects, highest number of bites occurred in the age group 21-30 years i.e. 155 (22.1%). Maximum study subjects 471 (67.3%) were from urban area and 53% of bites occurred during daytime. Maximum cases were the class-III bite i.e. 600 (85.7%).Conclusions: Maximum number of bites seen among 21-30 years of age group predominantly seen among male study subjects. 49.6% study subjects were bitten by pet animals and 47.6% were bitten by stray animals. Dog was the principle animal responsible for the bite of study subjects. 85.7% of study subjects were of class III bite among them 75% study subjects had reported to hospitals within 24 hours. Severe the degree of exposure, earlier was reporting to the hospital was statistically significant.


Author(s):  
Kalyan Chakravarthy Burra ◽  
Chandrashekhar Varaprasadrao Dimmala

Background: The attitude of parents towards their children’s health and illness is an important factor with regards to child’s overall development. In most developing countries, the health of the children is strongly dependent on parental healthcare behavior. This current study mainly looks into these aspects.Methods: A community based cross sectional study involving urban and rural area field practice areas of a medical college in the study period of November 2016-January 2017 with a sample size of 100 families each having children in urban and rural areas have been fixed purposively. House to house survey done by simple random method using pretested semi structured interview schedules.Results: Around 55% of rural parents took treatment from RMP (quacks) with 55% of urban counterparts opting for wait and watch method. Only 8% of respondents from both areas too their children to a pediatrician. About 12% of urban area went to government hospital and none from rural utilized government hospital facilities.Conclusions: Large proportions of respondents did not seek appropriate medical care for childhood illnesses. 


2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheraz Akbar ◽  
Zahid Kamal Siddiqui ◽  
Rana Aamir Diwan ◽  
Muhammad Hassam Rehm

Objective: To document demographic profile, clinical features and management of patients presented with PPD/Kala Pathar poisoning at District Teaching Hospital Sahiwal, Pakistan. Methods: This cross-sectional study utilized data for cases of PPD poisoning presented at study place from 1st July 2019 to 30th June 2020. Relevant information was recorded on a proforma. Results: A total of 111 cases were included in study. Mean age was 23.01 ± 7.24 years. Majority of cases were observed in females (82%) and majority presented from rural areas (87.4%). Cervico-facial edema (78.4%) and respiratory distress (66.7%) were the most common findings. Evidence of some level of organ damage was recorded in following manner: kidneys (44.1%), musculoskeletal (50.5%) and cardiac (45.9%). Tracheostomy was carried out in 47.7% cases and dialysis in 11.7% cases. All cases ingested PPD in raw form. Mortality rate was 50.5%. Conclusion: PPD poisoning is associated with high rate of morbidity and mortality. Effective clinical management requires multidisciplinary approach. Measures to restrict access to this means of suicide are urgently needed. We need to set up a surveillance system for cases of attempted suicide. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.37.5.4251 How to cite this:Akbar S, Siddiqui ZK, Diwan RA, Rehm MH. Demographic profile and clinical picture of patients presented with Paraphenylene Diamine (PPD)/ Kala Pathar poisoning at a District Teaching Hospital. Pak J Med Sci. 2021;37(5):---------.  doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.37.5.4251 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.


2020 ◽  
pp. 40-41
Author(s):  
Anu J ◽  
Nabeel Azeez K ◽  
Apuca Susan Mathew

Blood is considered a scarce resource in the world. Many patients requiring transfusion do not have timely access to safe blood and many lives are lost because of this reason. According to the WHO Information Sheets, 2005 80% of the worldwide population has access to only 20% of safe blood. Aim- To analyse the donor profile and the need for voluntary blood donation drives. Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional study conducted among blood donors attending the blood bank of a Tertiary care centre in South India from 2015 to 2019. Results: Out of 7979 blood donations, voluntary donors were only 8.5 % with most (97.8%) of the donors being males. The donors arriving at the blood bank were between 18 and 64 years of age. Of the voluntary donors, about 37% were first-time blood donors. The commonest available blood group was O positive (34.1%) and the least available was AB negative (0.8%). Among the reasons for donor rejection, mismatch between the donor’s blood group and that of the requested unit was the commonest (25.8%) followed by hypertension (22.9%) on examination. HBsAg seropositivity was the majority (0.5%) among the transfusion transmitted infections screened. Conclusion: Efforts should be made to direct all the donations towards voluntary non remunerated ones. Awareness among the general population about the need of blood donation, educating them about the criteria of acceptable donors and discussing the general myths and facts about donation process is also important.


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