scholarly journals Ultrasonography based imaging criterion to ascertain pancreatic enlargement in pediatric acute pancreatitis

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-230
Author(s):  
Dhanraj S Raut ◽  
Shubhangi A Desai ◽  
Dhananjay V Raje ◽  
Dinesh Singh ◽  
Vithalrao P Dandge
Keyword(s):  
Acute Pancreatitis ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Threshold Value ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Operating Characteristics ◽  
Probability Score ◽  
Receiver Operating Characteristics Curve ◽  
Disease Condition ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Age Range

Imaging studies have shown enlargement of pancreatic parts in children diagnosed with acute pancreatitis. The purpose here is to develop imaging based diagnostic evaluation criterion for acute pancreatitis in children. This study included 62 children of acute pancreatitis in the age range of 0.33 to 13 years, as reported in a single hospital center (1994-2019). A study was planned including 1116 normal healthy children in the age range of 0.16 to 18 years for pancreatic evaluation during 2016-17. Ultrasonography based measurement of three pancreatic parts were obtained for each individual in disease and normal groups. Age-adjusted receiver operating characteristics curve analysis was performed on each pancreatic part independently to derive respective cut-offs using a training set. These cut-offs were further referred to dichotomize the measurement data for each individual and was subjected to multiple logistic regression with presence/absence of acute pancreatitis as dependent variable. A probability score and accordingly the cut-off were obtained indicating a collective impression of enlargement of pancreas in disease condition independently for males and females. On test data, the accuracy of age-adjusted cut-offs for three parts was near 80% for males, while it ranged between 81-85% for females. ROC analysis of probability score resulted into threshold value of 0.024 for males and 0.044 for females, with sensitivity of 94.11% and 90.91% respectively. The classification accuracy of score derived for males and females was nearly same (83%). The extent of enlargement of pancreas in acute pancreatitis in children can be determined using the MLR method along with hypoechogenicity.

scholarly journals Evaluating the Risk of Tumors Diseases Based on Measurement of Urinary and Serumal Antioxidants Using the New Agar Diffusion Methods

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Zhou ◽  
Jing Chen ◽  
Zhen Wang ◽  
Hui Liu
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Healthy People ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Operating Characteristics ◽  
Tumor Patients ◽  
Tumor Diseases ◽  
Receiver Operating Characteristics Curve ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Urine And Serum ◽  
Effect Of Age

Objectives. To discuss the characteristics of the amount of urinary total antioxidants in tumor diseases and the possibility of utilizing the changing regulation of urinary antioxidants to diagnose tumor diseases.Method. Urine and serum specimens from 130 healthy people were used to investigate the variation of antioxidant capacity against age. Urine and serum specimens from 44 unselected patients with tumors and 44 healthy people with same age background were used to explore the significance of urinary antioxidant capacity in clinic to diagnose tumor diseases. Potassium permanganate agar method and iodine starch method were used to determine the amount of total antioxidants.Results. In healthy people, more antioxidants in urine were measured in older people, while the results were opposite in serum. More antioxidants were found in urine of tumor patients than in healthy people with same age-range.Conclusions. According to the results of 130 measurements, the amount of antioxidants in urine varies by age. By using agar methods to measure antioxidants, the effect of age is required to be considered. Antioxidants levels from tumor patients were significantly higher than healthy individuals in urine. The combination of urine and serum to determine total antioxidants can better diagnose tumor diseases based on iodine starch method, with area under the receiver operating characteristics curve at 0.787.

scholarly journals Pentraxin 3 and the TyG Index as Two Novel Markers to Diagnose NAFLD in Children

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Xiaolin Ye ◽  
Jing Li ◽  
Hongyu Wang ◽  
Jie Wu
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Pentraxin 3 ◽  
Operating Characteristics ◽  
Diagnostic Biomarkers ◽  
Tyg Index ◽  
Receiver Operating Characteristics Curve

Background. The diagnosis of NAFLD requires a liver biopsy, which is difficult in children. This study explored the diagnostic value of pentraxin 3 (PTX-3) and the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index for NAFLD in children. Methods. Sixty-eight children with NAFLD were selected as study subjects, and 68 healthy children enrolled during the same period served as controls. The TyG index was calculated, serum PTX-3 expression was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and the correlations between PTX-3 or the TyG index and clinical and biochemical indicators were analyzed. A receiver operating characteristics curve analysis and area under the curve (AUC) were used to evaluate diagnostic accuracy. Results. Serum PTX-3 level and the TyG index of the NAFLD patients were significantly higher than those of the healthy controls ( P < 0.001 ), which was closely related with the BMI, ALT, and insulin resistance. The AUC of PTX-3 for diagnosing NAFLD was 0.731 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.646-0.806), and the AUC of the TyG index for diagnosing NAFLD was 0.765 (95% CI 0.682-0.835). The AUC of PTX-3, the TyG index, and ALT for the combined diagnosis of NAFLD was 0.964 (95% CI 0.916-0.989). Conclusion. PTX-3 and the TyG index are novel diagnostic biomarkers for NAFLD, as they effectively improved the diagnostic accuracy for NAFLD when combined with ALT.

ПСИХОЛОГІЧНА ДЕТЕРМІНАЦІЯ ДОМІНУЮЧОГО ІНСТИНКТУ У КОНСТРУКТИВНІЙ САМОРЕАЛІЗАЦІЇ ЖІНОК

1970 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 184-193
Author(s):  
Ольга Віговська
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Self Disclosure ◽  
Self Identity ◽  
Social Nature ◽  
Self Actualization ◽  
Rational Organization ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Age Range

У статті теоретично обґрунтовано феномен конструктивного самозбереження особистості як ознаки самоактуалізації, розкриття власного потенціалу і побудови перспективи розвитку особистості та емпірично виявлено ознаки психологічної детермінації домінуючого інстинкту у конструктивній самореалізації жінок з різним соціальним статусом. Зазначено, що проблема самозбереження асоціюється з особливостями прояву інстинкту самозбереження людини, але потреби вищого порядку зумовлюють соціальну природу її поведінки, яка локалізована у найвищій точці самореалізації. Теоретично обгрунтовано, що самореалізація визначає тенденцію раціональної організації життя людини та проявляється у її почутті задоволеністю життям. З’ясовано, що психологічну основу конструктивного самозбереження становлять індивідуально-типологічні характеристики людини, які відображають психофізіологічні та психосоціальні резерви самореалізації особистості. Розроблена програма емпіричного дослідження, а також комплекс використаних методів математичної обробки результатів дослідження дає змогу конкретизувати психологічний зміст детермінації домінуючого інстинкту у конструктивній самореалізації жінок вікового діапазону 35-45 років та з різним соціальним статусом. У жінок, які виховують проблемну (хвору) дитину, домінує інстинкт "егофільного типу", що виражається у їх надмірному егоцентризмі і супроводжується низькими показниками самоактуалізації, на відміну від досліджуваних жінок, які виховують здорових дітей і у яких на фоні вираженої тенденції до самоактуалізації домінує базовий інстинкт "дослідницького типу" та "лібертофільного типу". This article theoretically proves constructive phenomenon of self identity as signs of self-disclosure own potential and prospects of development of individual construction. In addition, it empirically showes signs of psychological determination of the dominant instinct in a constructive self-determination of women with different social statuses. It was noted that the issue of self-preservation is associated with the peculiarities of manifestation of self-preservation instinct of man, but it needs higher-order cause social nature of the behavior that is localized at the highest point of self-realization. It theorized that self-realization determines the trend of rational organization of human life and manifests itself in its sense of life satisfaction. It was found that the psychological basis of constructive self-preservation of the individual make individually-typological characteristics of a person that reflect physiological and psychosocial reserves of self-realization. The developed program of empirical research, as well as the methods used complex mathematical processing of results of research allows to specify the content of the psychological determination of the dominant instinct of constructive self-realization а women age range of 35-45 years and with different social status. Women who bring up the problem child dominates the instinct of self-preservation, which is reflected in their excessive self-centeredness, and is accompanied by low levels of self-actualization, as opposed to the study of women who are raising healthy children and that against the backdrop of a pronounced tendency to self-actualization, dominated by basic instinct "research type" and "independent type."

scholarly journals Etiological Work-Up for Adults with Bronchiectasis: A Predictive Diagnostic Score for Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia and Cystic Fibrosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (16) ◽  
pp. 3478
Author(s):  
Frederic Schlemmer ◽  
Agnes Hamzaoui ◽  
Sonia Zebachi ◽  
Aurelie Le Thuaut ◽  
Gilles Mangiapan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia ◽  
Clinical Score ◽  
Adult Patients ◽  
Operating Characteristics ◽  
Diagnostic Score ◽  
Receiver Operating Characteristics Curve ◽  
Diagnostic Work ◽  
Work Up ◽  
Ciliary Dyskinesia

Background: etiological investigations are not done for all adult patients with bronchiectasis because of the availability and interpretation of tests. The aim of the study was to elaborate a score to identify patients at high risk of having cystic fibrosis or primary ciliary dyskinesia (CF/PCD), which require appropriate management. Methods: diagnostic work-ups were carried out on a French monocenter cohort, and results were subjected to logistic-regression analyses to identify the independent factors associated with CF/PCD diagnosis and, thereby, elaborate a score to validate in a second cohort. Results: among 188 patients, 158 had no obvious diagnosis and were enrolled in the algorithm-construction group. In multivariate analyses, age at symptom onset (8.69 (2.10–35.99); p = 0.003), chronic ENT symptoms or diagnosed sinusitis (10.53 (1.26–87.57); p = 0.03), digestive symptoms or situs inversus (5.10 (1.23–21.14); p = 0.025), and Pseudomonas. aeruginosa and/or Staphylococcus aureus isolated from sputum (11.13 (1.34–92.21); p = 0.02) are associated with CF or PCD. Receiver operating characteristics curve analysis, using a validation group of 167 patients with bronchiectasis, confirmed the score’s performance with AUC 0.92 (95% CI: 0.84–0.98). Conclusions: a clinical score may help identify adult patients with bronchiectasis at higher risk of having CF or PCD.

scholarly journals DeepIsoFun: a deep domain adaptation approach to predict isoform functions

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (15) ◽  
pp. 2535-2544 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dipan Shaw ◽  
Hao Chen ◽  
Tao Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Network Architecture ◽  
Domain Adaptation ◽  
Multiple Instance Learning ◽  
Training Data ◽  
Supplementary Information ◽  
Operating Characteristics ◽  
Neural Network Architecture ◽  
Receiver Operating Characteristics Curve ◽  
Gene Functions ◽  
Better Than

AbstractMotivationIsoforms are mRNAs produced from the same gene locus by alternative splicing and may have different functions. Although gene functions have been studied extensively, little is known about the specific functions of isoforms. Recently, some computational approaches based on multiple instance learning have been proposed to predict isoform functions from annotated gene functions and expression data, but their performance is far from being desirable primarily due to the lack of labeled training data. To improve the performance on this problem, we propose a novel deep learning method, DeepIsoFun, that combines multiple instance learning with domain adaptation. The latter technique helps to transfer the knowledge of gene functions to the prediction of isoform functions and provides additional labeled training data. Our model is trained on a deep neural network architecture so that it can adapt to different expression distributions associated with different gene ontology terms.ResultsWe evaluated the performance of DeepIsoFun on three expression datasets of human and mouse collected from SRA studies at different times. On each dataset, DeepIsoFun performed significantly better than the existing methods. In terms of area under the receiver operating characteristics curve, our method acquired at least 26% improvement and in terms of area under the precision-recall curve, it acquired at least 10% improvement over the state-of-the-art methods. In addition, we also study the divergence of the functions predicted by our method for isoforms from the same gene and the overall correlation between expression similarity and the similarity of predicted functions.Availability and implementationhttps://github.com/dls03/DeepIsoFun/Supplementary informationSupplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.

scholarly journals Evaluation of depression and self-esteem in children with monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis: A controlled trial

2014 ◽  
Vol 86 (3) ◽  
pp. 212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Orhan Koca ◽  
Mehmet Akyüz ◽  
Bilal Karaman ◽  
Zeynep Yesim Özcan ◽  
Metin Öztürk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Nocturnal Enuresis ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Monosymptomatic Nocturnal Enuresis ◽  
Age Range

Objectives: Nocturnal enuresis (NE) is very common and is one of the most common causes for patients to be admitted to urology, pediatrics, child psychiatry and child surgery departments. We aimed to investigate the effect on depression and self-esteem of this disorder that can cause problems on person's social development and human relations. Material and methods: 90 patients who were admitted to our clinic with complaints of nocturnal enuresis were enrolled. Investigations to rule out organic causes were performed in this group of patients. Out of them 38 children and adolescents (age range 8-18 years) with primary monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis (PMNE) agreed to participate in the study In the same period 46 healthy children and adolescents with a similar age range without bed wetting complaint were included in the study as a control group. The age of the family, educational and socioeconomic level were questioned and Piers-Harris Children's Self-Concept Scale (PHCSCS) and Children's Depression Inventory (CDI) forms were filled out. Results: Mean age of the cases (18 females or 47.4% and 20 males or 52.6%) was 10.76 ± 3.82 years whereas mean age of controls (26 females or 56.5% and 20 males or 43.5%) was 10.89 ± 3.11 years. Depression scale was significantly higher (p = 0.001) in the case group than in the control group (10.42 ± 4.31 vs 7.09 ± 4.35). In both groups there was no statistically significant difference by age and sex in terms of depression scale (p &gt; 0.05). Conclusion: NE is widely seen as in the community and is a source of stresses either for children and for their families. When patients were admitted to physicians for treatment, a multidisciplinary approach should be offered and the necessary psychological support should be provided jointly by child psychiatrists and psychologists.

scholarly journals Reduced Superficial Capillary Density in Cerebral Infarction Is Inversely Correlated With the NIHSS Score

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Robert Kwapong ◽  
Yuying Yan ◽  
Zilong Hao ◽  
Bo Wu
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Infarction ◽  
Capillary Density ◽  
Foveal Avascular Zone ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Operating Characteristics ◽  
Microvascular Changes ◽  
Receiver Operating Characteristics Curve ◽  
Capillary Plexus ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Purpose: The retina and the brain share similar neuronal and microvascular features, therein we aimed to assess the structural and microvascular changes in the macula and choriocapillaris (CC) in patients with cerebral infarction when compared with healthy controls using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).Methods: OCTA was used to image and measure the capillary density in the radial peripapillary capillaries (RPC), superficial capillary plexus (SCP), deep capillary plexus (DCP), choriocapillaris (CC), and mean area of the foveal avascular zone (FAZ) in all participants. Twenty-two cerebral infarction patients based on their magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and 25 healthy controls were included in our study.Results: Density of the RPC (P &lt; 0.001), SCP (P = 0.001), DCP (P &lt; 0.001) and CC (P &lt; 0.001) were significantly reduced in cerebral infarction patients when compared with healthy controls, respectively. Retinal thickness measurements (P &lt; 0.05) were significantly reduced in cerebral infarction patients when compared with healthy controls. The mean FAZ area was significantly larger (P = 0.012) in cerebral infarction patients when compared with healthy controls. National Institute of HealthStroke Scale (NIHSS) inversely correlated with SCP density in cerebral infarction patients (Rho = −0.409, P = 0.001). Receiver operating characteristics curve analysis showed that the blood flow of the choriocapillaris had the highest index [area under the receiver operatingcharacteristic (AUROC) = 0.964] to discriminate cerebral infarction patients from the healthy controls.Conclusions: Our study suggests that cerebral microcirculation dysfunction which occurs in cerebral infarction is mirrored in the macula and choroidal microcirculation. OCTA has the potential to non-invasively characterize the macula and choroidal changes in cerebral infarction in vivo.

scholarly journals A pilot study of discovery and validation of peritoneal endometriosis biomarkers in peritoneal fluid and serum

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
See Ling Loy ◽  
Jieliang Zhou ◽  
Liang Cui ◽  
Tse Yeun Tan ◽  
Tat Xin Ee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peritoneal Fluid ◽  
Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Operating Characteristics ◽  
Targeted Metabolomics ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Pilot Studies ◽  
Potential Biomarker ◽  
Receiver Operating Characteristics Curve ◽  
Peritoneal Endometriosis ◽  
Validation Set

ObjectiveTo identify potential serum biomarkers in women with peritoneal endometriosis (PE) by first looking at its source in the peritoneal fluid (PF).DesignCase-control pilot studies, comprising independent discovery and validation sets.SettingKK Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Singapore.Patient(s)Women with laparoscopically confirmed PE and absence of endometriosis (control).Intervention(s)None.Main Outcome Measure(s)In the discovery set, we used untargeted liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) metabolomics, multivariable and univariable analyses to generate global metabolomic profiles of PF for endometriosis and to identify potential metabolites that could distinguish PE (n=10) from controls (n=31). Using targeted metabolomics, we validated the identified metabolites in PF and sera of cases (n=16 PE) and controls (n=19). We performed the area under the receiver-operating characteristics curve (AUC) analysis to evaluate the diagnostic performance of PE metabolites.Result(s)In the discovery set, PF phosphatidylcholine (34:3) and phenylalanyl-isoleucine were significantly increased in PE than controls groups, with AUC 0.77 (95% confidence interval 0.61-0.92; p=0.018) and AUC 0.98 (0.95-1.02; p<0.001), respectively. In the validation set, phenylalanyl-isoleucine retained discriminatory performance to distinguish PE from controls in both PF (AUC 0.77; 0.61-0.92; p=0.006) and serum samples (AUC 0.81; 0.64-0.99; p=0.004).Conclusion(s)Our preliminary results propose phenylalanyl-isoleucine as a potential biomarker of PE, which may be used as a minimally-invasive diagnostic biomarker of PE.

scholarly journals Predicting bloodstream infection outcome using machine learning

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yazeed Zoabi ◽  
Orli Kehat ◽  
Dan Lahav ◽  
Ahuva Weiss-Meilik ◽  
Amos Adler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electronic Medical Records ◽  
Patient Outcomes ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Bloodstream Infections ◽  
Operating Characteristics ◽  
Is Implementation ◽  
Adverse Health Outcomes ◽  
Receiver Operating Characteristics Curve ◽  
History Of ◽  
Poor Outcomes

Bloodstream infections (BSI) are a main cause of infectious disease morbidity and mortality worldwide. Early prediction of patients at high risk of poor outcomes of BSI is important for earlier decision making and effective patient stratification. We developed electronic medical record-based ma-chine learning models that predict patient outcomes of BSI. The area under the receiver-operating characteristics curve was 0.82 for a full featured inclusive model, and 0.81 for a compact model using only 25 features. Our models were trained, using electronic medical records that include demographics, blood tests, and the medical and diagnosis history of 7,889 hospitalized patients diagnosed with BSI. Among the implications of this work is implementation of the models as a basis for selective rapid microbiological identification, toward earlier administration of appropriate antibiotic therapy. Additionally, our models may help reduce the development of BSI and its associated adverse health outcomes and complications.

Standard effluent potassium concentration as a predictive factor for postreperfusion significant arrhythmias in deceased liver transplantation

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Transplantation ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Serum Potassium Level ◽  
Potassium Concentration ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Operating Characteristics ◽  
Receiver Operating Characteristics Curve ◽  
Independent Risk Factors ◽  
Early Allograft Dysfunction

Objectives: Postreperfusion significant arrhythmias (PRSA), which is known as part of the diagnostic criteria for postreperfusion syndrome, may serve as a precursor of postreperfusion cardiac arrest (PRCA). Considering the possible relationship between the use of liver grafts with high effluent potassium (eK+) concentrations and PRCA, we aimed to investigate the role of eK+ in PRSA development in deceased liver transplantation (LT). Methods: Using the prospectively collected data from a prior observational study, a retrospective study of 91 adult LT recipients with eK+ measurements between November 2016 and December 2018 was conducted to determine the incidence, predictors, and outcomes of PRSA. Results: PRSA occurred in 46 cases (50.5%), and PRCA occurred in 8 patients (8.8%). Multivariable analysis demonstrated elevated eK+ concentration before reperfusion (odds ratio [OR], 1.425; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.134–1.790; P = 0.002), and higher serum potassium level at one minute following reperfusion (sK+1) (OR, 3.244; 95% CI 1.668–6.380; P = 0.001) as independent risk factors for PRSA. An eK+ ≥6.9 mmoL/L could predict PRSA with a sensitivity of 71.7% and a specificity of 80.0% (area under the receiver-operating characteristics curve [AUROC], 0.828). In comparison, an sK+1 ≥5.5 mmoL/L could predict PRSA with a sensitivity of 87.0% and a specificity of 64.4% (AUROC, 0.810). PRSA was associated with increased risks of PRCA, postreperfusion vasoplegia, and postoperative early allograft dysfunction. Conclusions: This study has demonstrated that eK+ has the potential to predict PRSA in deceased LT. These findings need confirmation in further studies.

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