scholarly journals ADAPTIVE AND PRODUCTIVE POTENTIAL OF MID-EARLY CORN HYBRIDS FOR GRAIN IN AGROLANDSCAPES CONDITIONS OF BRYANSK REGION

2021 ◽  
Vol 250 ◽  
pp. 19-26
Author(s):  
S.A. Belchenko , ◽  
◽  
A.V. Dronov ◽  
V.V. Lantsev ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Stress Resistance ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
High Yield ◽  
High Plains ◽  
Corn Hybrids ◽  
Productive Potential ◽  
Adaptive Ability ◽  
Adaptability Parameters ◽  
Corn Grain

The paper presents results of agroecological assessment of adaptive ability and grain yield of mid-early corn hybrids on gray forest soils of Bryansk high plains. The study and assessment of grain yield of mid-early corn hybrids of domestic and foreign selection were carried out on the basis of the experimental field of Bryansk State Agrarian University in the period of 2016-2019. The aim of these studies was to study the adaptability parameters and the features of formation of highly productive agrocenoses of mid-early (FAO 201-300) corn hybrids for grain in the agrolandscape conditions of Bryansk region. The object of the research was 19 hybrids of the middle early group (FAO 201-300). The following tasks were solved in the course of the study: to conduct an agroecological parameter assessment of the adaptive ability of mid-early corn hybrids applying the generally accepted parameter of “yield”; to substantiate the features of formation of highly productive corn crops in grain cultivation technology in the agro-climatic conditions of the region. Parameters of ecological plasticity, stress resistance, homeostaticity, selection value were calculated. As a result of the experiments, the average corn grain yield varied from 6.07 t / ha of Ronaldinio hybrid of the KWS selection (Germany) to 8.29 t / ha of Voronezh 279 SV hybrid (Voronezh branch of the All-Russian Research Institute of Maize). The indexes of environmental conditions (Ij) within the years of research varied from - 0.2 to +0.8: the most favorable conditions for formation of high yield of corn grain appeared in 2018, and on average, 7.72 t / ha was obtained in the experiment. Such genotypes as Ronaldinio (KWS, Germany), P 8523 (Pioneer, France), DKS 2960 (Monsanto, Switzerland), Pterox (RAGN Semences, France) were noted with high parameters of homeostaticity, selection value and variation coefficient low values. High parameters of adaptive ability were identified in hybrids of domestic selection of Voronezh 279 SV, Ladoga 221 MV and foreign selection - Ronaldinio (KWS, Germany), P 8523, P 8816 (Pioneer, France) and DKS 2960 (Monsanto, Switzerland), which possessed stability, selection value, stress resistance and high grain yield in the agrolandscape conditions of the region.

scholarly journals Phosphorus and Potassium Fertilizer Application Strategies in Corn–Soybean Rotations

Agronomy ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy Boring ◽  
Kurt Thelen ◽  
James Board ◽  
Jason De Bruin ◽  
Chad Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Soybean Seed ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Soil Test ◽  
Soil Test P ◽  
Corn Grain ◽  
Corn Grain Yield

To determine if current university fertilizer rate and timing recommendations pose a limitation to high-yield corn (Zea mays subsp. mays) and soybean (Glycine max) production, this study compared annual Phosphorous (P) and Potassium (K) fertilizer applications to biennial fertilizer applications, applied at 1× and 2× recommended rates in corn–soybean rotations located in Minnesota (MN), Iowa (IA), Michigan (MI), Arkansas (AR), and Louisiana (LA). At locations with either soil test P or K in the sub-optimal range, corn grain yield was significantly increased with fertilizer application at five of sixteen site years, while soybean seed yield was significantly increased with fertilizer application at one of sixteen site years. At locations with both soil test P and K at optimal or greater levels, corn grain yield was significantly increased at three of thirteen site years and soybean seed yield significantly increased at one of fourteen site years when fertilizer was applied. Site soil test values were generally inversely related to the likelihood of a yield response from fertilizer application, which is consistent with yield response frequencies outlined in state fertilizer recommendations. Soybean yields were similar regardless if fertilizer was applied in the year of crop production or before the preceding corn crop. Based on the results of this work across the US and various yield potentials, it was confirmed that the practice of applying P and K fertilizers at recommended rates biennially prior to first year corn production in a corn–soybean rotation does not appear to be a yield limiting factor in modern, high management production systems.

scholarly journals INFLUÊNCIA DE FORMAS DE ADUBAÇÃO DE SEMEADURA NA PRODUTIVIDADE DE GRÃOS DE HÍBRIDOS DE MILHO

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 88-98
Author(s):  
GUSTAVO DE CARVALHO PERON ◽  
RENZO GARCIA VON PINHO ◽  
LUIZ ANTONIO YANES BERNARDO JÚNIOR ◽  
VANDER FILLIPE DE SOUZA ◽  
FRANCIELLY DE CÁSSIA PEREIRA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Joint Analysis ◽  
Crop Season ◽  
Corn Hybrids ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Grain Productivity

RESUMO - Entender como o manejo de aplicação de fertilizantes interfere no sistema produtivo é primordial para amanutenção do máximo aproveitamento da produtividade dos híbridos. Desta forma, o objetivo com este trabalho foiverificar a influência da forma de adubação de semeadura, feita a lanço ou localizada, na produtividade de grãos de 33híbridos comerciais de milho, em quatro diferentes safras agrícolas. Foram conduzidos quatro experimentos no municípiode Serra do Salitre, em Minas Gerais (MG), nos meses de novembro de 2015 e de 2016, janeiro e fevereiro de 2017 efevereiro de 2017. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o de blocos completos casualizados com três repetições,com os tratamentos dispostos em esquema fatorial de 33 x 2, sendo 33 híbridos de milho e dois sistemas de adubação desemeadura: a lanço e localizada. Na análise conjunta da produtividade de grãos, ocorreram interações significativas entrehíbridos e safras, e também entre formas de adubação e safras. Apesar da interação significativa, o sistema de adubaçãolocalizada foi superior em ambas as safras avaliadas, considerando nível de significância de 5% pelo teste de Tukey.Mesmo com as condições climáticas menos favoráveis na segunda safra, a adubação localizada mostrou-se mais eficiente.Palavras-chave: adubação localizada, adubação a lanço, segunda safra, Zea mays L.EFFECT OF SOWING FERTILIZATIONON GRAIN PRODUCTIVITY OF MAIZE HYBRIDSABSTRACT - Understanding how the management of fertilizer application affects the production system is essentialto maximize the productivity of the hybrids. The objective of this study was to verify the effect of broadcasting andbanding fertilization on grain yield of 33 commercial maize hybrids in four different crop seasons. Four experimentswere carried out in Serra do Salitre, state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, in November 2015, November 2016, January andFebruary 2017. The experimental design was a randomized complete block with three replications, with treatmentsarranged in a 33 x 2 factorial scheme, 33 corn hybrids and two sowing fertilization forms, broadcast and bandapplication. The joint analysis of grain yield showed significant interactions between hybrids and crop seasons, andalso between fertilization systems and crop seasons. The unfolding of the interaction between the fertilization formsand crop seasons showed that the yield of grains in the band fertilization was superior compared to the broadcastfertilization, regardless the crop season evaluated. Even with the less favourable climatic conditions in the secondharvest, the band fertilization showed to be more efficient when compared to the broadcast fertilization.Keywords: broadcast fertilizer, band fertilizer, second crop, Zea mays L.

scholarly journals Screening of fiber flax varieties from the VIR collection according to flax fiber yield and adaptability parameters in the conditions of the Nortwestern region

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. D. Stepin ◽  
M. N. Rysev ◽  
T. A. Ryseva ◽  
S. V. Utkina ◽  
N. V. Romanova
Keyword(s):  
Stress Resistance ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
High Stress ◽  
Flax Fiber ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Fiber Flax ◽  
Linum Usitatissimum L ◽  
Northwestern Region ◽  
Adaptability Parameters

The article presents the results of screening of 20 varieties of fiber flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) according to the yield of flax fiber and adaptability parameters in the conditions of the Northwestern region. The variety Dobrynya (Russia) zoned in the region was taken as standard. On average, over the years of research (2015-2017), the yield of flax fiber in varie-ty numbers varied in the range of 1.22-2.67 t/ha. According to the calculations of the environmental conditions index, the most favorable conditions for growth and development of fiber flax varieties were in 2016-2017 (Ij = +0.07-0.73), the worst in 2015 (Ij = -0.79). The highest yield of fiber (t/ha) was observed in varieties Y 51269 (2.67) (China), A-236 (2.66), Dobrynya (2.49), M-249 (2.48) and L 280-02 (2.38) (Russia), Glazur (2.48) (Ukraine), which exceeded the average among the varieties by 9.7-2.3 %. Among them, the varieties Y 51269 (China) and A-236 (Russia) exceeded the standard by 0.17-0.18 t/ha, in two years of three the growth was reliable. The studied varieties did not fully realize their relatively high yield potential and were characterized by a strong degree of variability. The best indicators of stress resistance (0.79-1.16) were observed in Vesnichka, L-2 (Russia), B-226 (Lithuania), Tyy (China) the varieties and lines Dobrynya, M-249, A-236, L-6, L-4, L-5, L 280-02 (Russia), Glazur, Vruchiy (2.34-2.32) (Ukraine) and Tyy (2.33) (China) were genetically flexible genotypes (2.56-2.23). Samples B-226 (Lithuania), Glazur (Ukraina), L-2-1, Vesnichka, and L 280-02 (Russia) had high homeostatic values and low coefficient of variation. Highly responsive to environmental conditions were samples L-5, L-3, L-4, A-236, M-249, Dobrynya, (Russia), Sxy20, Sxy, Y 51269 (China), Vruchiy (Ukraine); plastic ˗- varieties Glazur (Ukraine), L 280-02, L-5-1, 85-58-26-20 (Russia); weakly responsive − Lu-1, Tyy (China), L-2-1, L-205, Vesnichka (Russia), B-226 (Lithuania). According to the yield of flax fiber and the complex of adaptability parameters, the cultivars B-226 (Lithuania), Y 51269 , Tyy, Lu 1 (China), L 280-02, L-6, A-236, Dobrynya (Russia), Vruchiy and Glazur (Ukraine) were distinguished. They had high stress resistance, genetic flexibility, plasticity and stability. They can be used as sources of adaptability when creating new varieties of fiber flax.

Chemical products for corn bacterial streak control

2021 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex Junior Pietrobon ◽  
José Barbosa Duarte Júnior ◽  
Odair José Kuhn
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Cuprous Oxide ◽  
Copper Oxychloride ◽  
Corn Hybrids ◽  
Bacterial Diseases ◽  
Progress Curve ◽  
Potassium Phosphite ◽  
Efficient Alternative ◽  
Chemical Products ◽  
Corn Grain

ABSTRACT Xanthomonas vasicola pv. vasculorum is one of the main bacterial diseases in corn, which causes damage to crops due to its fast dissemination and difficult control. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of chemical products on its control and corn grain yield. The experimental design was randomized blocks, in a 2 x 7 factorial arrangement, with three replications. The first factor consisted of the corn hybrids P30F53VYHR (more resistant to the disease) and P4285VYHR (more susceptible) and the second one of six active ingredients (kasugamycin, sulfur, cuprous oxide, copper oxychloride, quaternary ammonia and potassium phosphite) and one control (no application). The obtained data were used to estimate the area under the disease progress curve. The products based on quaternary ammonia, cuprous oxide, copper oxychloride and kasugamycin provided a greater disease control. P30F53VYHR presented a higher grain yield than that for P4285VYHR. Therefore, the use of a genetically resistant hybrid is an efficient alternative for the management of this bacteriosis.

scholarly journals Evaluation of stability in maize hybrids using univariate parametric methods

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyed Habib Shojaei ◽  
Khodadad Mostafavi ◽  
Amirparviz Lak ◽  
Ali Omrani ◽  
Saeed Omrani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Average Yield ◽  
Stability Parameters ◽  
Environmental Variance ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Genotype Environment Interaction ◽  
The Stability

AbstractGenotype × environment interaction is one of the complex issues of breeding programs to produce high-yielding and compatible cultivars. Interaction of genotype × environment and make the more accurate selection, the performance and stability of hybrids need to be considered simultaneously. This study aimed to investigate stable genotypes with yield using 12 maize hybrids in different climatic conditions of Iran. The experimental design used was a randomized complete blocks design in three replications in two cropping years in Karaj, Birjand, Shiraz, and Arak stations. The simple analysis of variance performed on grain yield of genotypes indicated that all hybrids studied each year and station were significantly different in grain yield. Also, the combined analysis results showed a significant effect on the environment, the effects of genotype, and the interaction of genotype × environment and t in the studied hybrids different. Comparing Duncan's mean on the data obtained from the research, KSC705 genotypes with an average yield of 7.21 and KSC704 genotype with an average yield of 7.04 were identified as high yield cultivars. In order to identify stable cultivars, six stability parameters were used. KSC260 and KSC707 genotypes had stability Based on the environmental variance, also had stability based KSC705, KSC707 genotype on environmental the coefficient of variation, and KSC260 genotypes had stability based methods of genotype and environment interaction. As well as based on Eberhart and Russell regression coefficient had the stability to KSC400 and SC647 genotypes. Also, they were identified as the most stable genotypes based on the detection coefficient method, KSC707, and KSC703 genotypes.

scholarly journals Corn grain quality at different harvesting times

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (10) ◽  
pp. 703-709
Author(s):  
Madison W. S. Cordeiro ◽  
Dionei Ribeiro ◽  
Roseli A. Ferrari ◽  
Flávio C. Dalchiavon
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Corn Hybrids ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Physiological Maturity ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
1000 Grain Weight ◽  
Corn Grain

ABSTRACT Harvesting time is one of the main factors that influences grain quality, largely due to their exposure to biotic and abiotic factors during pre-harvest. As such, this study aimed to assess corn grain quality in response to different harvesting times in the municipality of Campo Novo do Parecis, Mato Grosso state, Brazil. A randomized block design was used with a strip-plot scheme, consisting of three corn hybrids (NS90 PRO, NS92 PRO 2 and BG7439), five harvesting times (0, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days after physiological maturity - DAPM), with three repetitions. The variables grain yield, 1000 grain weight, bulk density, electrical conductivity and proximate composition were analyzed at each of the proposed harvesting times and lipid composition was assessed only at 0 and 28 DAPM. Data were submitted to ANOVA, regression analysis and Tukey’s test (p ≤ 0.05). Delayed harvesting influenced all the variables studied, except ash concentration. The longer the grains remain on the plant after physiological maturity, the worse the grain yield and their physical, chemical and nutritional quality.

scholarly journals Adaptability parameters of the winter durum wheat varieties of various ecology in the Rostov region

2020 ◽  
Vol 175 ◽  
pp. 01014
Author(s):  
Tatiyana Makarova ◽  
Nina Samofalova ◽  
Nina Ilichkina ◽  
Olga Dubinina ◽  
Aleksey Popov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Climatic Zones ◽  
Ecological Adaptability ◽  
Rostov Region ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Adaptability Parameters

There have been generalized the study results of the parameters of ecological adaptability of winter durum wheat and there have been identified the most adaptive varieties of different ecology under unstable climatic conditions of the Rostov region. There was conducted the analysis of 34 varieties of domestic and foreign breeding, which have been recommended for cultivation in different climatic zones. During the current study there have been identified the groups of winter durum wheat varieties that were different in their ecological adaptability parameters. The first group included 11 highly responsive varieties recommended for cultivation on an intensive background, namely ‘Alyy parus’, ‘Kontinent’, ‘Laguna’, ‘Kassiopeya’, ‘Akveduk’ (Ukraine), ‘Prikumskaya 142’, ‘Eyrena’, ‘Kiprida’, ‘Terra’, ‘Oniks’, ‘Kurant’ (Russia). To obtain the largest average productivity there have been recommended to cultivate the following 11 varieties on the average agricultural background, namely ‘Aksinit’, ‘Amazonka’, ‘Kermen’, ‘Uniya’, ‘Diona’, ‘Yakhont’, ‘Yubilyarka’, ‘Belgorodskaya yantarnaya’ (Russia), ‘Zolotoye runo’, ‘Gardemarin’, ‘Andromeda’ (Ukraine), since these varieties were good adapted to various environmental conditions. The varieties ‘Agat donskoy’,‘Zolotko’,‘Krupinka’, ‘Laska’, ‘Lazurit’, ‘Krucha’, ‘Stepnoy yantar’ (Russia), ‘Burshtin’, ‘Dnepryana’, ‘Perlina odesskaya’ and ‘Shulyndinka’ (Ukraine) -to cultivate on a reduced agrofone, where they will give a fairly high yield from 8.45 to 9.67 t / ha.

Corn (Zea mays) Response to Post-directed Sethoxydim Under Irrigated and Dryland Conditions

1992 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 567-572
Author(s):  
James R. Smart ◽  
David A. Mortensen ◽  
Fred W. Roeth
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Corn Hybrids ◽  
Visual Evaluation ◽  
Kernel Weights ◽  
Corn Hybrid ◽  
Corn Grain

Four corn hybrids were evaluated for tolerance to sethoxydim at 110 and 220 kg ha–1applied post-directed at two growth stages (V6–7 and V10–11). Dryland corn grain yields did not respond to sethoxydim, while irrigated corn yields were sensitive to sethoxydim treatments. Sethoxydim at 220 g ha–1reduced the grain yield of hybrid 3377 by 12% at both growth stages. Sethoxydim at the same rate reduced grain yield of hybrid 3379 by 15% when applied to V6–7 corn. Hybrid 3475 had an 11% grain yield reduction from sethoxydim applied at either dosage to V10–11 corn. Under irrigated conditions, a trend toward reduced grain yield was observed for hybrid 3183 at all application times and sethoxydim rates. Corn ear weights and kernel weights differed among hybrids but did not exhibit a response to sethoxydim within hybrids. Visual evaluation for crop injury and measured corn heights did not indicate a response to sethoxydim. There was no yield response in any hybrid to 110 g ha–1applied to V6–7 stage corn indicating this treatment was safe to use on all hybrids evaluated.

scholarly journals Results of comparative evaluation of potato varieties according to productivity and adaptability parameters in the conditions of Priamurye

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
С.В. РАФАЛЬСКИЙ ◽  
О.М. РАФАЛЬСКАЯ ◽  
Т.В. МЕЛЬНИКОВА
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Potato Variety ◽  
Comparative Evaluation ◽  
Regression Coefficient ◽  
Neutral Type ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Adaptive Potential ◽  
Potato Varieties ◽  
Adaptability Parameters

Проведена сравнительная оценка основных хозяйственно ценных показателей (урожайность и адаптивность) 25 сортов картофеля отечественной и зарубежной селекции в сложных природно-климатических условиях Амурской области. Высокая урожайность клубней (т/га) отмечена у сортов Кетский (32,2), Очарование (30,3), Ривьера (29,7), Витесса (29,2) и Огниво (29,0). Установлено 11 сортов с высоким адаптивным потенциалом (Ка > 1): Кетский, Очарование, Ривьера, Витесса, Чайка, Примадонна, Огниво, Рябинушка, Родриго, Каратоп и Импала. Высокий коэффициент регрессии bi, характеризующий отзывчивость на изменение природно-климатических условий, отмечен у сорта интенсивного типа Хозяин (bi = 1,20). Установлено, что среднеспелый сорт Вулкан является пластичным (bi = 0,90), а сорта различных групп спелости: Рябинушка, Витесса, Удача, Чайка, Каратоп, Одиссей, Лабелла, Никита, Очарование – и те, коэффициент регрессии у которых значительно ниже единицы (bi = 0,37–0,62), отнесены к нейтральному типу, они слабо отзываются на изменение факторов среды. Выделены сорта картофеля, обладающие в условиях Приамурья комплексом хозяйственно полезных признаков: Ривьера, Витесса, Примадонна, Очарование, Кетский, Рябинушка и Чайка. The data of evaluation of 25 potato varieties according to the main economically valuable indicators (productivity and adaptability) of domestic and foreign selection in very diverse and rather complicated natural and climatic conditions of Priamurye are given. High yield of tubers was marked in the varieties Ketskiy (32.2 t/ha), Ocharovanie (30.3 t/ha), Riviera (29.7 t/ha), Vitessa (29.2 t/ha) and Ognivo (29.0 t/ha). 11 potato varieties with a high adaptive potential (Ka > 1) have been identified: Ketskiy, Ocharovanie, Riviera, Vitessa, Chajka, Primadonna, Ognivo, Ryabinushka, Rodrigo, Karatop and Impala. The regression coefficient (bi > 1), which characterizes the responsiveness of the variety to changes in natural and climatic conditions > 1, was observed in the intensive type potato variety Khozyain (bi = 1.20). It was established that the mid-ripening potato variety Vulkan is plastic with a regression coefficient close to one (bi = 0.90). Potato varieties of different ripeness groups: Ryabinushka, Vitessa, Udacha, Chajka, Karatop, Odissey, Labella, Nikita, Ocharovanie, and those, whose regression coefficient is below one (bi = 0.37–0.62), are classified as neutral type and respond poorly to changes in environmental factors. Potato varieties with a complex of economically useful traits have been identified: Riviera, Vitessa, Primadonna, Ocharovanie, Ketskiy, Ryabinushka and Chajka.

scholarly journals Experimental precision in corn trials using the Papadakis method

2010 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 1458-1464 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lindolfo Storck ◽  
Sidinei José Lopes ◽  
Alberto Cargnelutti Filho ◽  
Alessandro Dal'Col Lúcio ◽  
Marcos Toebe
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Variance Analysis ◽  
Corn Hybrids ◽  
Yield Data ◽  
Conventional Analysis ◽  
The Mathematical Model ◽  
Differentiation Index ◽  
Corn Hybrid ◽  
Corn Grain

The objective of this work was to verify whether the use of the Papadakis method in competing corn hybrid trials would lead to modifications in the validity of assumptions for the mathematical model of variance analysis and for experimental precision indicators. To achieve this, corn-grain-yield data from 25 competing corn hybrid trials, performed in a design of complete randomized blocks, were examined. Each trial entailed verification of assumptions, variance analysis, hypothesis tests, statistics to identify experimental precision, and analysis using the Papadakis method. This method improves experimental precision indicators. The assumptions were valid for both analysis types (without Papadakis and with Papadakis). Mean figures for the Fasoulas differentiation index increased from 8.5 to 20.7 and selective precision rose from 0.82 to 0.92. Trials with three repetitions analyzed using the Papadakis method enabled the identification of superior corn hybrids in relation to grain yield, with 86.5% precision. To maintain the same precision in conventional analysis, four times the number of repetitions would be necessary.

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