scholarly journals CREDIT POLICY OF A COMMERCIAL BANK IN CONDITIONS OF UNCERTAINTY OF THE ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (40) ◽  
pp. 65-75
Author(s):  
О. Kovalova ◽  
M. Iorgachova
Keyword(s):  
Commercial Bank ◽  
Financial Services ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
Capital Adequacy ◽  
Economic Environment ◽  
Credit Policy ◽  
Holistic View ◽  
General Decline ◽  
Banking Institutions ◽  
Analytical Tools

Abstract. The article examines the concept of «credit policy» through the prism of the functions outlined in the development strategy of the banking institution, which is primarily aimed at maximizing resources for rapid response to uncertainties of the external and internal environment. The complex of identified key characteristics allowed to form a holistic view of the nature and specific features of the commercial bank’s credit policy. The article underlines that in conditions of uncertainty, the bank should take into account external and internal environmental factors that have a direct impact on the dynamics of lending to individuals and businesses, and need to be considered at the stage of strategic financial planning, monitoring the implementation of set tasks and in order to timely adjust the policy according to the banking institution’s needs for financial and economic security. The systematised factors are interrelated and interdependent and can have a multifaceted impact on the current state of the credit services of banking institutions’ market and such market’s trends. The article establishes the role of analysis and monitoring of banking institutions’ credit operations in the context of ensuring the effective results of the commercial bank’s credit policy. It is identified that credit risk is now in the spotlight of banking institutions along with the risks of capital adequacy and legal risks, due to the general decline in economic activity of consumers of financial services as a result of the epidemiological crisis and the introduction of quarantine restrictions, which reduced household incomes and negatively affected the financial situation of enterprises. The dynamics of changes in the share of NPLs by groups of banks is analysed, revealing foreign banks’ active work with NPLs. The study pays attention to the use of analytical tools of the commercial bank’s credit policy as a means of managing its financial and economic security in conditions of uncertainty, which concerns constant monitoring of loan portfolio quality and timely detection of NPLs. It also suggests the sequence of lending steps specifying practical aspects of use of analytical tools of credit policy. Keywords: credit policy, commercial bank, management, uncertainty, economic environment, analytical tools, financial market. JEL Classification E51, G21 Formulas: 0; fig.: 7; tabl.: 0; bibl.: 14.

scholarly journals ANALISIS KINERJA KEUANGAN PERBANKAN DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE CAMEL (STUDI KASUS PADA PT. BPR BUDURAN DELTA PURNAMA)

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 175
Author(s):  
Wisnu P. Setiyono ◽  
Miftakhul Nur Aini
Keyword(s):  
Financial Services ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Balance Sheet ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Capital Adequacy ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Operating Income ◽  
Credit Score ◽  
Capital Ratios ◽  
Banking Institutions

Based on the provisions of The Central Bank, All Indonesian banking institutions are obliged to report their performance to the financial services authority (FSA) and always adhere to the provisions of the law prevailing in the region of Indonesia. Therefore,  all banking institutions will be assessed its performance by using CAMEL methods, including  capital, assets, management, earnings and liquidity.By using a descriptive quantitative research method, this research employes 5 (five) aspects of banking assessment, for instance; capital ratios, we use CAR (Capital Adequacy Ratio); earning ratios and assets quality, we employes KAP (earning assets) and PPAP (Allowance for Earning Assets); Special for management aspects we apply a  survey to the general management and risk management officer; from the aspect of profitability, we utilise ROA (Return On Assets ratios) and ROA (Operating Expenses to Operating Income ratios); finally, the aspect of liquidity ratios, we use Cash Ratios and LDR (Loan to Deposit Ratios).The result of 3 (three) years (2011 to 2013) assessments, we found that The BPR Buduran Delta Purnama has good banking performance (credit score more than 81 which the minimum score for good or bad banking performance). It is based on some benchmarks to determine the reliability of the bank after the assessment of each variable. We used a primary data obtained through questionnaires and secondary data in the form of financial statements balance sheet and income statement of PT. BPR Buduran Delta Purnama between 2011 to 2013.

scholarly journals Problems of qualitative evaluation of commercial bank loan

2020 ◽  
pp. 15-19
Author(s):  
Nadiia SOLOVEI ◽  
Ihor SKRYPNYCHENKO
Keyword(s):  
Commercial Bank ◽  
Financial Stability ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Bank Loan ◽  
Credit Policy ◽  
Loan Portfolio ◽  
Banking Institutions ◽  
Credit Portfolio

The article defines the nature of the loan portfolio, as well as the problems in the assessment and analysis of the commercial bank loan portfolio. In order to improve the existing credit portfolio of the bank, the dynamics, categories of the borrower ratio and the quality of the loan portfolio are analyzed, based on the obtained data, significant factors influencing the formation and management of the analyzed bank's loan portfolio are determined. Generation of a loan portfolio is usually subject to issuance of loans with maximum yield on the same terms. The profitability of a loan transaction is determined by the amount of the interest rate on the specific loan, the duration of the loan and the accepted system of calculation of interest payments. Practice shows that the success of managing the efficiency of banking investments and the formation of an effective structure of the bank's credit portfolio depend to a large extent on the skills of managing the banking institutions that carry out optimal formation, management of the credit portfolio and good management to ensure the efficiency of activities with the least possible risk and maximize results. The quality of the loan portfolio is analyzed using the coefficient method based on the calculation and analysis of trends in the development of relevant quantitative indicators. In the economic literature, the indicators that we can use to assess the quality of a bank's loan portfolio are divided into two groups: the credit portfolio risk index and the profitability of the credit business. The results of the analysis allow us to draw conclusions about the level of risk and profitability of the bank's loan portfolio and to develop measures to improve the effectiveness of the bank's credit policy. Based on the analysis of the structure and quality of the loan portfolio, the Bank's management is given an opinion to consider in order to determine the priority instructions for the placement of credit resources, limit the concentration and diversification of the loan portfolio and set limits on the execution of individual loans. It is concluded that prudent credit policy with an increase in rates, constant monitoring of the components of the credit portfolio, urgent management measures of banking institutions in the field of risk management should lead to an increase in lending and improve the quality of the portfolio management system. It is noted that the implementation of mainly quality measures to improve the structure of the loan portfolio will inevitably affect the financial stability of the bank and business efficiency, as well as increase its competitiveness and operational security.

PENGARUH CAPITAL ADEQUACY RATIO DAN NET INTEREST MARGIN TERHADAP NILAI PROFITABILITAS BANK UMUM NON DEVISA DI INDONESIA

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-39
Author(s):  
Agus Saputra ◽  
Wirdah Irawati ◽  
Talbani Farlian
Keyword(s):  
Commercial Bank ◽  
Foreign Exchange ◽  
Financial Services ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Capital Adequacy ◽  
Financial Report ◽  
Net Interest Margin ◽  
Capital Adequacy Ratio ◽  
Interest Margin

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh antara variabel CapitalAdequacyRatio (CAR) dan Net Interest Margin, terhadap nilai Profitabilitas pada Bank Umum Non Devisa di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan data empiris dari direktori Kantor Otorita Jasa Keuangan melalui teknik purposive sampling. Ada 17 Bank yang diamati selama 3 tahun secara kuartal mulai tahun 2014 sampai tahun 2016. Peralatan analisis yang digunakan adalah Analisis Regresi Linear Berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR) tidak berpengaruh terhadap nilai profitabilitas Bank Umum Non Devisa. Variable Net Interest Margin (NIM) memiliki pengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap nilai profitabilitas Bank Umum Non Devisa. Penelitian ini memiliki implikasi pada dunia perbankan yaitu sebaiknya pihak perusahaan perbankan juga memperhatikan faktor eksternal dalam peningkatan nilai profitabilitas, juga seharusnya perusahaan perbankan selalu menyediakan laporan keuangan kepada para stakeholder yang akan berinvestasi kedalam perbankan. Keterbatasan penelitian adalah bahwa data yang diteliti hanya terdiri dari satu jenis bank umum yaitu bank non devisa di Indonesia, tidak semua bank memenuhi kriteria seperti yang diharapkan oleh peneliti.AbstractThis study examines the influence Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Net Interest Margin (NIM), toward Profitability for Non-Foreign Exchange Commercial Bank in Indonesia. This study uses empirical data on the directory of Financial Services Authority (Otorita Jasa Keuangan) through non probability sampling that met criteria of the research. There are 17 Banks observed for 3 years quarterly starting from 2014 until 2016. The analytical method using Multiple Linear Regression. The results show that Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR) has unsignificant effect on profitability. Variable Net Interest Margin (NIM) has a positive and significant influence toward profitability. This study has implication for the banking sector, although banks applied financial ratios to measure bank health, but banks should also pay attention for external factors to measure bank health, the Non-Foreign Exchange Commercial must prepare financial report to stakeholders who want to investment in the banking company. The limitation of this research is that the data only consist of one type of commercial bank that is non-foreign exchange bank in Indonesia, not all banks met the criteria as expected by the researcher.Keywords: Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Net Interest Margin (NIM), Profitabi

scholarly journals PENGARUH CAPITAL ADEQUACY RATIO, NET INTEREST MARGIN, LOAN TO DEPOSIT RATIO DAN NON PERFORMING LOAN TERHADAP PROFITABILITAS BANK UMUM NON DEVISA DI INDONESIA PERIODE 2014-2016

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-212
Author(s):  
Agus Saputra ◽  
Muhammad Arfan ◽  
Mulia Saputra
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Commercial Bank ◽  
Foreign Exchange ◽  
Financial Services ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Capital Adequacy ◽  
Net Interest Margin ◽  
Capital Adequacy Ratio ◽  
Interest Margin

This study examines the influence Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Net Interest Margin (NIM), Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR) and Non Performing Loan (NPL) toward Profitability for Non-Foreign Exchange Commercial Bank in Indonesia. This study uses empirical data on the directory of Financial Services Authority (Otorita Jasa Keuangan) through non probability sampling that met criteria of the research. There are 17 Banks observed for 3 years quarterly starting from 2014 until 2016. The analytical method using Multiple Linear Regression. The results show that Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR) has unsignificant effect on profitability. Variable Net Interest Margin (NIM) has a positive and significant influence toward profitability. Variable Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR) has unsignificant effect toward profitability, Non Performing Loan (NPL) has unsignificant effect toward profitability. This study has implication for the banking sector, although banks applied financial ratios to measure bank health, but banks should also pay attention for external factors to measure bank health. The limitation of this research is that the data only consist of one type of commercial bank that is non-foreign exchange bank in Indonesia, not all banks met the criteria as expected by the researcher. Keywords: Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Net Interest Margin (NIM), Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR), Non Performing Loan (NPL), Profitability.Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh antara variabel Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Net Interest Margin, Loan to Deposit Ratio dan Non Performing Loan terhadap Profitabilitas pada Bank Umum Non Devisa di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan data empiris dari direktori Kantor Otorita Jasa Keuangan melalui teknik purposive sampling. Ada 17 Bank yang diamati selama 3 tahun secara kuartal mulai tahun 2014 sampai tahun 2016. Peralatan analisis yang digunakan adalah Analisis Regresi Linear Berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR) tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap profitabilitas Bank Umum Non Devisa. Variable Net Interest Margin (NIM) memiliki pengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap profitabilitas Bank Umum Non Devisa. Variable Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR) tidak memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap profitabilitas Bank Umum Non Devisa. Variabel NonPerforming Loan (NPL) tidak memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap profitabilitas Bank Umum Non Devisa. Penelitian ini memiliki implikasi pada dunia perbankan yaitu meskipun perbankan menerapkan rasio keuangan untuk mengukur kesehatan bank melalui profitabilitas, akan tetapi perbankan juga seharusnya memperhatikan faktor eksternal dalam mengukur kesehatan bank. Keterbatasan penelitian adalah bahwa data yang diteliti hanya terdiri dari satu jenis bank umum yaitu bank non devisa di Indonesia, tidak semua bank memenuhi criteria seperti yang diharapkan oleh peneliti.

Identification of Non Performing Financing Alteration Measured by Microeconomic Variable Sharia Banking

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Zahrotun Nihayah ◽  
Sri Walyoto
Keyword(s):  
Commercial Bank ◽  
Significant Influence ◽  
Financial Services ◽  
Capital Adequacy ◽  
Return On Assets ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Capital Adequacy Ratio ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
Asset Quality ◽  
Observation Period

This study analyzes the factors affecting Non-Performing Financing (NPF) in the sharia bank in Indonesia. The independent variable in this research uses microeconomic variables such as Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Return on Assets (ROA), Financing to Deposit Ratio (FDR), Productive Financing Ratio (PFR), and Earning Asset Quality (EAQ). The sample used in this research is all population of Sharia Commercial Bank in Indonesia. The data used in this study were obtained from the Sharia Banking Statistics Report issued by the Financial Services Authority (Otoritas Jasa Keuangan - OJK) with the observation period from 2015 to 2017. The results showed that simultaneously CAR, ROA, FDR, PFR, and EAQ significantly influence NPF. Partially only variable FDR and EAQ which have the positive and significant influence to NPF, while CAR, ROA, and PFR has no significant effect on NPF.

The Systemic Effects of Prudential Regulation Toughening:The Results of a Stress-test for Russian Banks

2012 ◽  
pp. 4-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Mamonov ◽  
A. Pestova ◽  
O. Solntsev
Keyword(s):  
Financial Services ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Stress Test ◽  
Credit Market ◽  
Capital Adequacy ◽  
Government Support ◽  
Government Ownership ◽  
Prudential Regulation ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Stability

The stability of Russian banking sector is threatened by three negative tendencies - overheating of the credit market, significant decrease of banks capital adequacy ratios, and growing problems associated with banks lending to affiliated non-financial corporations. The co-existence of these processes reflects the crisis of the model of private investments in Russian banking sector, which was observed during the last 20 years. This paper analyzes the measures of the Bank of Russia undertaken to maintain the stability of the banking sector using the methodology of credit risk stress-testing. Based on this methodology we conclude that the Bank of Russias actions can prevent the overheating of the credit market, but they can also lead to undesirable effects: further expansion of the government ownership in Russian banking sector and substitution of domestic credit supply by cross-border corporate borrowings. The later weakens the competitive positions of Russian banks. We propose a set of measures to harmonize the prudential regulation of banks. Our suggestions rely on design and further implementation of the programs aimed at developing new markets for financial services provided by Russian banks to their corporate and retail customers. The estimated effects of proposed policy measures are both the increase in profitability and capitalization of Russian banks and the decrease of banks demand for government support.

Impacts of Financial Integration in the Asia Economic Community on Competitiveness of the Commercial Banks in Vietnam

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nguyen Cam Nhung
Keyword(s):  
Financial Services ◽  
Commercial Banks ◽  
Financial Integration ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Capital Adequacy ◽  
Viet Nam ◽  
Economic Community ◽  
Industrial Policies ◽  
Capital Adequacy Ratio ◽  
Internet Economy

This paper assesses the impacts of financial integration in the Asia Economic Community (AEC) on the capacity of finance and provision of financial services of Vietnamese commercial banks. In recent years, Vietnamese commercial banks have achieved some successes as reflected in the growth indicators of operation scales, charter capital and total assets. However, under the pressure of integration, the capital adequacy ratio (CAR) fell slightly in 2016 resulting from the applying of the CAR calculation method to commercial banks in accordance with the new regulations towards step by step approaching international standards. Compared to other countries in the AEC, the capacity of finance and provision of financial services of the Vietnamese commercial banks remains low. As a result, it is necessary to carry out synchronous and drastic measures in the coming time to enhance the competitiveness of the Vietnamese commercial banks. Keywords Competitiveness, financial integration, AEC, commercial bank, Vietnam References [1] UNCTAD, World Investment Report 2018: Investment and New Industrial Policies, June 2018.[2] Cục Đầu tư nước ngoài, “Tình hình thu hút Đầu tư nước ngoài 8 tháng năm 2018”, 2018, http://fia.mpi.gov.vn/tinbai/6045/Tinh-hinh-thu-hut-Dau-tu-nuoc-ngoai-8-thang-nam-2018.[3] Google and Temasek, “e-Conomy SEA Spotlight 2017: Unprecedented growth for Southeast Asia’s $50B internet economy, 2017”, 2017.[4] Tô Thị Thanh Trúc, “Khu vực tài chính Việt Nam trong bối cảnh hội nhập tài chính ASEAN”, Tạp chí Phát triển Khoa học và Công nghệ, 19 (2016) Q1, 2016.[5] Phạm Xuân Hoan, Nguyễn Cẩm Nhung, Nguyễn Bích Thủy, “Ngân hàng TMCP Ngoại thương Việt Nam: Chủ động đón AEC”, Tạp chí Kinh tế và Dự báo, Số 2 tháng 1/2016.[6] Phạm Xuân Hoan, Nguyễn Cẩm Nhung, Nguyễn Bích Thủy, “Khả năng thích ứng của các ngân hàng thương mại Việt Nam khi tham gia hội nhập AEC”, Tạp chí Tài chính, Kỳ 1 tháng 12/2015 (622).[7] Trần Thị Vân Anh, “Ngân hàng Việt Nam trong tiến trình gia nhập Cộng đồng Kinh tế ASEAN”, Tạp chí Khoa học Xã hội Việt Nam, 4 (2016) 101.[8] Nguyễn Thị Diễm Hiền, “Một số vấn đề về ngân hàng thương mại khi Việt Nam gia nhập Cộng đồng Kinh tế Asean”, Tạp chí Phát triển Khoa học và Công nghệ, 19 (2016) Q1, 2016.[9] Blattner N., “Competitiveness of Banks”, Journal of Financial Economics, N.21 (1992).[10] PwC Growth Markets Centre, The Future of ASEAN - Time to Act Financial Services, 2018.

Pengaruh Dewan Direksi, Dewan Komisaris Independen. Kepemilikan Manajerial, Kepemilikan Institusional, Dan Dewan Pengawas Syariah Terhadap No Performing Financing (Studi Kasus Pada Bank Umum Syariah Yang Terdaftar Di OJK Periode 2015-2019)

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yugi Maheswari ES ◽  
Iwan Fakhruddin ◽  
Azmi Fitriati ◽  
Bima Cinintya Pratama
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Board Of Directors ◽  
Commercial Bank ◽  
Financial Services ◽  
Supervisory Board ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Institutional Ownership ◽  
Managerial Ownership ◽  
Good Corporate Governance ◽  
The Board Of Directors

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh penerapan Good Corporate Governance (GCG) yang diproksikan oleh dewan direksi, dewan komisaris independen, kepemilikan manajerial, kepemilikan institusional, dan dewan pengawas syariah terhadap risiko pembayaran yang diukur dengan rasio Non Performing Financing (NPF) pada Bank Umum Syariah. Populasi penelitian adalah Bank Umum Syariah Yang Terdaftar di Otoritas Jasa Keuangan. Data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder berupa laporan tahunan Bank Umum Syariah periode 2015-2019. Sampel yang dikumpulkan adalah 14 bank syariah sebayak 70 data. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dewan direksi berpengaruh negative erhadap NPF. Dewan komisaris independen, kepemilikan manajerial, kepemilikan institusional, dan dewan pengawas syariah tidak berpengaruh terhadap NPF.  The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of the implementation of Good Corporate Governance (GCG) which is proxied by the board of directors, the board of independent commissioners, managerial ownership, institutional ownership, and the sharia supervisory board against payment risk as measured by the Non Performing Financing (NPF) ratio at the Bank Sharia General. The study population was a Sharia Commercial Bank Registered at Financial services Authority. The data used was secondary data in the form of reports annual Sharia Commercial Bank for the period 2015-2019. The samples collected were 14 Islamic banks as much as 70 data. The results showed that the board of directors has a negative effect on NPF. Independent board of commissioners, managerial ownership, institutional ownership, and sharia supervisory board have no effect on NPF.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Rasio Kinerja Bank Terhadap Profitabilitas Industri Bank Umum Syariah di Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 217
Author(s):  
Felix Efendy ◽  
Salman Fathoni
Keyword(s):  
Commercial Bank ◽  
Financial Services ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Model ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Return On Assets ◽  
Statistical Tool ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Positive Effect

The purpose of this study was to determine and analyze the effect of the level of bank health ratios measured by BOPO, FDR and NPF on increasing the profitability of the Sharia Commercial Bank industry in Indonesia, which is proxied by ROA. The data used in this study are secondary data including operational efficiency (BOPO), liquidity (FDR), Non Performing Finance (NPF) and Return On Assets (ROA) in the sharia commercial bank industry registered at Bank Indonesia. The data is a monthly time series data from 2015-2018 obtained through the official sharia banking statistics website, Financial Services Authority (https://www.ojk.go.id). To analyze it, researchers used a multiple linear regression model with statistical tool software EViews 9. From the observations and analysis of the data that has been done, the conclusions in this study are the BOPO, FDR and NPF on ROA which is an indicator of the Bank's health to measure profitability has a high relationship . The BOPO variable partially has a significant negative effect on profitability (ROA). FDR partially has a negative and significant effect on ROA. NPF partially has no positive effect on profitability.

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