scholarly journals Prevalence and Causes of Infertility in Overweight and Obese Women in a Tertiary Care Hospital Setup in Mangalore - A Retrospective Secondary Data Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (29) ◽  
pp. 2656-2660
Author(s):  
Keerthana Dhandapani ◽  
Bhagyalakshmi Kodavanji ◽  
Vinodini N.A ◽  
Priyadarisini N.J ◽  
Shripad B. Deshpande
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Secondary Infertility ◽  
Infertile Women ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Ovulatory Dysfunction ◽  
History Of

BACKGROUND Obesity has become an epidemic worldwide. Several mechanisms are involved in the relationship of fertility and obesity, including metabolic and reproductive functions. In light of the fact that most of the causes of infertility are treatable, there is a need to document the diagnostic findings in overweight and obese infertile women. The causes of infertility prevalent in a particular region can be provided by hospital-based studies. So, the present study is designed to find out the common causes of infertility in overweight & obese women and to gain knowledge regarding the prevalence of primary and secondary infertility among these infertile women. METHODS The data of 115 infertile women (18 to 45 years) were collected from hospitals under Kasturba Medical College (KMC), Mangalore retrospectively. Data of history of previous conception, body mass index (BMI), type of infertility, duration of infertility, age and the causes of infertility were collected. The prevalence of each cause was evaluated. RESULTS Among 115 infertile women, 92 (80 %) were pre–obese and 23 (20 %) were obese (P - .001). Primary infertility was most common in pre obese women and secondary infertility in obese women which was statistically significant (P < .05). Ovulatory dysfunction was the most common cause in obese infertile women (P - .004), whereas in pre obese women, it was uterine and adnexal causes. CONCLUSIONS Comparatively, maintaining a healthy lifestyle can avoid fertility problems in pre obese women, because the effect of BMI on hypothalamic–pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis is higher in obese women in whom ovulatory disorders were the leading cause. The significance of weight reduction before pregnancy should be informed to overweight and obese patients and should be aided to lose weight. Treatment of anaemia itself may resolve the infertility issues and should be taken as a first line treatment in all cases. KEYWORDS Female Infertility, Adipose Tissue, Obesity, Infertility Causes, Ovulatory Dysfunction

scholarly journals VAGINAL DISCHARGE

2011 ◽  
Vol 18 (04) ◽  
pp. 598-603
Author(s):  
SHAHIDA SHAIKH ◽  
SALEEM AKHTER SHAIKH ◽  
INAYAT MAGSI
Keyword(s):  
Vaginal Discharge ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Internally Displaced ◽  
Syndromic Management ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Abnormal Growth ◽  
History Of

Objective: To observe the results of syndromic management in women living in IDPs camps complaining of chronic vaginal discharge. Design: Descriptive study. Setting: Medical Camps at Larkana set by Chandka Medical College Hospital for Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs) due to floods. Period: 1st September 2010 to 31st December 2010. Material and Methods: Total 200 symptomatic patients aged from 20 to 50 years suffering from chronic vaginal discharge having history of more than 6 months duration were included in the study. Asymptomatic as well as pregnant women and patients with abnormal cervix and having abnormal growth on cervix were excluded from the study. A detailed history and examination (including speculum and vaginal) was done and a proforma was filled. All these patients were given empirical treatment recommended by WHO as syndromic management consisting of stat doses of antifungal along with antibiotics, where no laboratory tests are required before treatment. Results: Next to vaginal discharge which was main symptom in all patients, the other symptoms like dusparunia, dysuria, itching ,lower abdomen pain and low backache was reported 9%, 16%, 20%, 24% and 31% respectively. Also 8% patients reported post coital bleeding. All patients were married and the mean age of the patients was 28+0.2 years and 15% of them were over 40 years. Mean parity was 4±1.Vaginal infection improved in 65% of the patients excellently with a first line single course of antibiotic and percentage raised up to 88% with second course. 19(9.5%) patients couldn’t be followed as they left that camp and 5(2.5%) patients who did not improve with two courses of antibiotics had big cervical erosions, referred to nearby tertiary care hospital for further management. Conclusions: IDPs live in poor conditions in camps without basic facilities and where it is difficult to perform bedside tests like microscopy, Potassium Hydroxide, wet mount films and tests for Sexually transmitted diseases like Chlamydia and gonorrhea are not available, syndromic management there is a rational way of treating cases of chronic vaginal discharge to get quicker response in such desperate women. 

scholarly journals A Clinico-epidemiological Study of Malaria Patients Admitted in A Tertiary Care Hospital of Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Test ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Medical College Hospital ◽  
Clinical Aspects ◽  
Case Report Form ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Mosquito Net ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Medical College ◽  
History Of

Malaria is a public health problem in 90 countries around the world affecting 300 million people and responsible for about 1 million deaths annually. Bangladesh is considered as one of the malaria endemic countries in Asia. Every year large number of people suffered for malaria. But there is little studies about clinico-epidemiology of malaria. Aim: To study the epidemiological and clinical aspects of malaria. Methods: This is a Prospective observational study that was conducted in all medicine unit of Chittagong Medical College Hospital, Chittagong, Bangladesh during August 2017 to June 2018. Total 55 patients were included in the study having malaria diagnosed by blood slide examination or rapid diagnostic test. Patients were enrolled in this study after getting written informed consent from the patient or attendant. Detail demographic and clinical data were recorded in structured case report form. Patients were regularly followed up and outcome recorded. Results: Results showed males (65.5%) of 25±15.109 years of age were the main sufferer. Majority (45%) came from low socio-economic condition (<5000 taka/month). 65.5% patients denied any history of recent travel to malarias’ area. 69.1% cases give history of using mosquito net, but only 25.5% have insecticide treated mosquito net. Majority (89.1%) were diagnosed as severe malaria and only few (10.9%) as uncomplicated malaria. Most of the diagnosis done at Chittagong Medical College Hospital, mainly presenting with coma or altered consciousness and convulsion. At field level diagnostic test done in 67.27% cases, of which RDT in 14.5%, BSE in 45.5% and both in 7.3% cases. 78.2% cases outcome were good with improvement and death occurred in 21.8% cases, mainly due to acute renal failure. Conclusion: Though we are making significant effort to control malaria, still we have to improve in controlling malaria based on both preventing the infection and on prompt effective treatment of the infection and illness when it does occur.

Relationship between Blood Pressure and Nutrition in Adolescents

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. Haresh D. Godia ◽  
Dr. Lalit H Nikam
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Male Students ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Medical College ◽  
History Of ◽  
Males And Females

Aims and Objectives of study: This study was confined to healthy groups. Care was taken to exclude persons suffering from obvious disease and/ or recent history of illness Aims and Objective of present study are:- To find out BMI males and females To find out systolic and diastolic blood pressure in males and females. The various parameters which are studies are as follows:- Standing height in cms Weight in kgs. Resting pulse rate Resting systolic blood pressure in mm of Hg. Resting diastolic blood pressure in mm of Hg. Body Mass Index. Background - The study was conducted in GSMC medical college and Tertiary care Hospital. Total 100students were selected for study, out of 50 were male students and 50 were female students.

scholarly journals DERMATOPHYTOSIS PROFILE IN A MADHUBANI MEDICAL COLLEGE AND TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. Shahid Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Demographic Data ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Clinical History ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
World Population ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Indirect Contact ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
History Of

INTRODUCTION: The current perception among dermatologists based on their experience in the outpatient’s clinics is that there is a huge change in clinical profile, both qualitative and quantitative, in the patients presenting with dermatophytosis. The prevalence of superficial mycotic infection is about 20%–25% of the world population, and dermatophytes is the leading microorganism responsible. Now there is a changing trend in the dermatophytic infections, the cases are presenting as chronic, not responding to usual treatment and also there are recurrent cases. Dermatophytosis is a contagious disease that spreads by direct or indirect contact. Until a few years ago, it had been a disease treated with ease using antifungal agents. In the recent past, there has been a failure of treatment with conventional therapy and emergence of an epidemic of recurrent and chronic dermatophytosis in India. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Our study population included 112 patients who were clinically diagnosed as dematophytosis in the Outpatient department (OPD). Clinical history of all patients was taken. Demographic data such as age, sex, occupation, duration of disease, history of recurrence, habits and associated diseases was recorded. Culture were done in all suspected cases. Nail scrapings, clippings and sub-ungual debris were collected. RESULTS: In present study there were in all 112 patients among which maximum number of patients about 33% belonged to age group 11 to 20, majority of which were males 66.96% whereas 33.04% were females. 50% were culture positive among all patients and microscopy was positive in 58.93% of cases. Trichophytonrubrum species was isolated predominantly in 57.1% cases, Trichophytonmentagrophyte was found in 23.2% of patients followed by microscoporumgypsium isolated in 12.5% cases and E.floccosum was seen isolated in 7.1% among all clinical types. Percentage of tineacorporis, tineacapitis and tineacruris was 39.3%, 18.8% and 13.4% respectively. CONCLUSION: Dermatophytosis was found to be common in second decade of life and male were commonly affected. T. rubrum was most common isolate. The need of the hour is carry out multicentric large epidemiologic studies that can effectively establish the prevalence of fungal isolates and its antifungal resistance status.

scholarly journals Pattern of presentation of gynecological diseases in a tertiary care hospital - a hospital based study

2016 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-43
Author(s):  
Eva Rani Nandi ◽  
Fahmida Sharmin Joty ◽  
Bipul Biswas ◽  
Roksana Akter ◽  
Fahmida Monir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnancy Termination ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Ovarian Tumour ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Gynecological Diseases ◽  
Disease Pattern ◽  
History Of ◽  
Gynecological Disease

This retrospective study was carried out in Shaheed Suhrawardi Medical College & Hospital (ShSMCH) from January 2013 to December 2013. Total 2160 Gynaecological patients were evaluated in 1 year period, who were admitted either from outpatient department or through emergency. The aim of this study was to observe the gynecological disease pattern, top ten gynecological diseases & organ involvement of female reproductive system. Of all patients, maximum (87%) were of reproductive age group and most of them (66%) came from urban area. Almost 78% patients admitted with uterine pathology. Among total patients 47% had pregnancy related complications, of which 86.5% patients had history of early pregnancy termination either spontaneous or induced, 7% had ectopic pregnancy and 6.5% had molar pregnancy. Of all patients, 98% had benign diseases and 2% were suffering from malignant disorder. Other gynaecological diseases were utero-vaginal prolapse, fibroid uterus, benign ovarian tumour & dysfunctional uterine bleeding.Bangladesh Med J. 2016 Jan; 45 (1): 40-43

Incidence and Clinical Presentation of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome in a Tertiary Care Hospital

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. 1800-1805
Author(s):  
Muntiha Sarosh ◽  
Faiza Ghafoor ◽  
Najma Parveen ◽  
Rabiya Shahid ◽  
Shifa Khalil Ur Rehman
Keyword(s):  
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Ovarian Syndrome

Aim: To determine Incidence of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome and its clinical presentation in a tertiary care Hospital. Study Design: A Cross sectional study. Place and duration of study: The study was conducted in the Department of Obs. & Gynae, Avicenna Medical College and Hospital, Lahore for a period of six months, January 2020 to June 2020. Methodology: A total of 753 patients attending the gynecological outpatient department were included in the study. Among these the women presenting with clinical picture of menstrual irregularities weight gain, hirsutism and subfertility were evaluated for diagnosis of PCOS. Radiological findings by pelvic U/S were confirmed. Results: 169 women out of 753 patients were found to have PCOS. The incidence was thus 22.44%. Maximum number of women were overweight, BMI (25-29.9Kg/m2). 113(66.86%) presented with oligomennorrea followed by hirsutism and amenorrhea. 57.1% of married women with PCOD had subfertility. Conclusion: Polycystic ovarian Syndrome is common in our population. It is more frequently seen in unmarried obese women. Menstrual irregularity is the most common clinical presentation. Ultrasound criteria is a valuable tool to diagnose the Polycystic Ovarian Disease. Keywords: Polycystic 0varian Syndrome, oligomenorrhoea, amenorrhoea, hirsutism, obesity

STUDY OF DISTRIBUTION OF REPRODUCTIVE TRACT ANOMALIES IN INFERTILE WOMEN THROUGH HYSTEROSALPINGOGRAPHY IN CENTRAL INDIA

2021 ◽  
pp. 11-12
Author(s):  
Santoshkumar Bhise
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Uterine Cavity ◽  
Central India ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Fallopian Tubes ◽  
Observation Study ◽  
Secondary Infertility ◽  
Infertile Women

Context:Infertility has risen to be a public health problem in India, National Family Health Survey (NFHS) – 4 estimates showing 5.2% of the women in reproductive age group to be infertile. Infertility can be due to male factors, female factors and in some cases unexplained; female factors comprising of 40-45% of the total cases. Amongst the female factors anatomical congenital anomalies as well as acquired abnormalities of the reproductive tract may cause primary or secondary infertility. Aims: This study aimed at looking at the distribution of congenital anatomical anomalies of the uterus and fallopian tubes as well as the distribution of anatomical changes in uterus and fallopian tubes due to pathological conditions through Hysterosalpingograhy (HSG) in infertile women. Methods & Materials: 103 women attending Obs. and Gyneac. OPD for diagnosis and treatment of infertility in a tertiary care hospital in Central India were selected in this observation study. Sampling was purposive. HSG was performed and the data was obtained from the department of radiology. Descriptive analysis was done, and where applicable bi-variate analysis was done with chi-square test. Results:There were 63 cases of primary (mean age = 25 years ± 3.2) and 40 cases of secondary infertility (mean age = 30 years ± 2.9). 24% of the total cases had tubal occlusion, 16.5% had hydrosalpinx, 4% had arcuate and bicornuate uterus each and 1 % had unicornuate uterus, lling defects in uterus, deviation of uterine cavity, T-shaped uterus and sub-mucous broid each. 47% of the cases had normal HSG ndings. Conclusions: The results show that acquired causes of tubes were most common ndings in HSG of infertile women, pointing to preventable and easily manageable cases of infections of reproductive tract. Timely management of such cases at primary health care level can help reduction of infertility cases.

scholarly journals Prevalence of thyroid disorders among infertile women with menstrual irregularities

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-25
Author(s):  
Nazlima Nargis ◽  
Abu Kholdun Al Mahmood ◽  
Iqbal Karim
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Thyroid Disorders ◽  
Secondary Infertility ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Detailed History ◽  
Infertile Women ◽  
Ovulatory Dysfunction ◽  
Menstrual Irregularities ◽  
Menstrual History ◽  
History Of

Background: The infertility problem is more common phenomenon among the women now a days and has increased over past 30 years. The present study was carried out to see the prevalence of thyroid disorders among infertile women with menstrual irregularities.Methods: It was a cross sectional study conducted at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ibn Sina Medical College, Dhaka from January to December 2016. After taking informed consent, total 160 infertile women and 100 normal fertile women volunteers were selected on OPD basis between age group of 18-45 years. Out of 160 infertile women, 100 were of primary infertility and 60 of secondary infertility. Participants were selected on the basis of detailed history, clinical examination and laboratory investigations. Detailed history of participants including age, menstrual history, obstetric history, history of any medications were taken.Results: There was a higher prevalence of hypothyroidism in the infertile women as compared to the fertile one in the study group, particularly in secondary infertility. Oligomenorrhoea was most common in infertile women. Hypothyroidism is commonly associated with ovulatory failure. Hence, assessment of serum TSH is mandatory in the work up of all infertile women, especially those presenting with menstrual irregularities. So the basic approach should be to identify those hypothyroid individuals who have greatest risk for the development of infertility.Conclusion: Long standing hypothyroidism may develop ovulatory dysfunction. So identifying and treating hypothyroidism at an earlier stage before the appearance of ovulatory dysfunction can have potentially great preventive value.Bangladesh Crit Care J March 2018; 6(1): 22-25

scholarly journals Histopathological Study of Endometrium in Infertility: Experience in A Tertiary Level Hospital

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 132-137
Author(s):  
Mousumi Ahmed ◽  
Nazma Afroze ◽  
Mahjabin Sabiha
Keyword(s):  
Endometrial Hyperplasia ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Histopathological Study ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Secretory Phase ◽  
Secondary Infertility ◽  
Morphological Pattern ◽  
Infertile Women ◽  
Proliferative Phase ◽  
Primary Infertility

Background: Infertility refers to inability to achieve conception even after one year of unprotected coitus by a couple. It is a global health problem and affects 8-10% couple worldwide. Infertility can be primary or secondary and there are many causes of infertility involving both male and female partner. A wide range of investigations can be done to find out the causes of infertility. Endometrial biopsy or curettage or aspiration followed by histopathological study is a safe procedure. It not only shows the hormonal response of endometrium but also diagnose other endometrial pathology causing infertility. The study was performed to find out the morphological pattern of endometrium in infertile women in a tertiary care hospital to find out the causes of infertility and subsequent treatment of the patients.Methods: It was a cross sectional prospective study, conducted in the Department of Histopathology and Cytopathology in a tertiary care hospital in Dhaka for a period of two years from Jan 2015 to Dec 2016. It included 196 referred cases endometrial curettage or biopsy samples of infertile women, collected between days 21 to 23 of menstrual cycle. The endometrial samples obtained from patients suffering from diseases other than infertility were excluded from the study. Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) stained histopathological slides were prepared from the samples and examined under microscope. Reported results and relevant data were recorded in SPSS data collection sheet and statistical analysis was carried out.Results: A total of 196 cases of endometrial biopsy or curettage samples of both primary and secondary infertile women were studied. Age ranged from 20 years to 40 years with a mean age of 29.91±4.32years. 70.92% cases presented with primary infertility and 29.08% cases presented with secondary infertility. Proliferative phase/anovulation (41.33%) was found as the most common morphological pattern of endometrium in infertile women followed by secretory phase (40.30%). Endometrial hyperplasia, inadequate sample, nonspecific ednometritis and tuberculous endometritis were found in 10.72% , 6.12% , 6.12% and 0.51% cases respectively. In primary infertility, proliferative phase / anovulation (43.17%) was also the predominant pattern followed by secretory phase (37.40%) and endometrial hyperplasia (11.52%). Whereas, secretory phase( 47.37%) was the most common pattern of endometrium in secondary infertility, followed by proliferative phase (36.37%) and endometrial hyperplasia (8.77%). Primary infertility was most frequently presented in 26-30 years of age, whereas, secondary infertility was more prevalent in later age group.Conclusion: Histopathological study of endometrium gives us valuable information of endometrium in infertility. Morphological pattern of endometrium in our study was quite similar to other studies conducted in different countries with some variations. This study may help other studies in future to find out the cause of infertilityBirdem Med J 2018; 8(2): 132-137

scholarly journals Hospital Based Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 and Clinico-Demographic Profile of COVID-19 Patients: A Study from a Tertiary Care Hospital of North India

2021 ◽  
pp. 126-136
Author(s):  
Anjum Farhana ◽  
Shoaib Khan ◽  
Reyaz Khan ◽  
Umara Amin
Keyword(s):  
Severe Disease ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
North India ◽  
Common Symptom ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
History Of ◽  
One Year

Aims: To find out the prevalence, predominant risk factors and various clinico-demographic variables among patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 during the first year of the pandemic. Study Design: Hospital based, cross sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Postgraduate department of Microbiology, Government Medical College, Srinagar, and associated hospitals, between March 2020 and March 2021. Methodology: Individuals with acute respiratory infection (ILI and SARI), high risk contacts and asymptomatic close contacts of COVID-19 positive patients, hospitalized patients dated for surgeries, pregnant women near expected date of deliveries, travellers were screened. A confirmed case of Covid-19 was defined as a positive result on real-time RT-PCR assay of nasopharyngeal and or Oropharyngeal swab specimens. A total of 2,17,665 samples were collected and processed over a period of one year. Results: Out of 2,17,665 samples, 61.3% were males and 38.7% were females, overall mean age was 34.3 years. 24,009 (11%) tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 infection, among them 63.5% were males while 36.5% were females, the mean age observed was 35.3 years. Highest positivity was observed in the age group of 30 – 39 years (22%), followed by 20 -29 years (20.4%), 12 (0.1%). Among positive cases, 19.4% had a history of contact with a lab confirmed case of SARS-CoV-2, 4.3% were HCW’s and 2.6% were pregnant females. 929 (3.9%) patients who tested positive had presented with SARI. Fever was the most common symptom (62%), followed by cough (41%) and fatigue was reported by 37% patients. Comorbidities were present in 23.2% patients, of which Hypertension 10.8% was the most common, followed by COPD 4.9% and Diabetes mellitus 4%. Conclusion: As evident from our study, COVID-19 has a high positivity (11%) in our region, with males twice more likely susceptible than females. High percentages (62%) of people were symptomatic at presentation, while severe disease was seen in only 3.9% patients. Early aggressive testing is essential to decrease the morbidity and mortality rates associated with COVID-19.

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