Inter-Basal and Septal Connections of Papillary Muscles - An Anatomical Rationale for Rhythmic Opening of AV Valves - A Multicentric Medical College Based Cross Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (31) ◽  
pp. 2865-2869
Author(s):  
Praveen Mulki Shenoy ◽  
Amith Ramos ◽  
Narasimha Pai ◽  
Bharath Shetty ◽  
Aravind Pallipady Rao
Keyword(s):  
Left Ventricle ◽  
Papillary Muscle ◽  
Interventricular Septum ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Papillary Muscles ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Moderator Band ◽  
Almost All ◽  
And Function

BACKGROUND The papillary muscle basal connections have significant clinical implications. Variety of studies done on its morphology and function by various specialists in different departments. A close look on these revealed the interconnections of papillary muscles to one another and to the interventricular septum of both ventricles is related to uncoordinated contractions of papillary muscles, leading to hyper or hypokinesia or prolapse or even its rupture. METHODS Our study done in 25 formalin soaked hearts revealed after the deep and meticulous dissection, reflecting the walls of ventricles laterally the numerous interconnections of papillary muscles at its bases and IVS. Ventricles are opened by inverted ‘L’ shaped incision and its reflected more laterally till all the papillary muscles is visible in one frame after incising the moderator band. The connections were noted, measured, photographed, tabulated, compared with similar studies and analysed with experts with respective fields. RESULTS Almost all the specimens did have the interconnections. Further the post mortem findings of the cardiac related deaths with involvement of papillary muscles suggest damage to such ‘bridges’. The moderator band extensions to the base of right APM, and its extension to the posterior groups is noted in all the specimens. The bridge from the IVS to bases of both the groups of papillary muscles is noted in left ventricle. In90% of specimens the one PPM is found to be loosely connected, more so in left ventricle. CONCLUSIONS We are of a conclusion that such basal interconnections and to the interventricular septum are responsible for rhythmic contractions of papillary muscles of both ventricles. Since the AV valves have to open simultaneously, interconnections becomes mandatory as the impulse has to reach it before it reaches the trabeculae carniae. One of the Posterior papillary muscles is loosely connected to other papillary muscles, may be the reason for its rupture, more so in left ventricle. KEYWORDS Papillary Muscle, Interbasal Connection, Moderator Band, Valvular Prolapse, AV Valves

scholarly journals Laboratory Profiles of Pleural effusion Collected from Children: Experience at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Bangladesh

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-27
Author(s):  
Mahmudul Hasan ◽  
Md Rafiqul Islam ◽  
Abdul Matin ◽  
Ranjit Ranjan Roy ◽  
Md Abdullah Yusuf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pleural Effusion ◽  
Pleural Fluid ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Almost All

Background: Pleural effusion occurs in many reasons. Laboratory tests are necessary to find out the causes. Objective: This study was an attempt to know the laboratory findings of pleural effusion. Methodology: This cross-sectional study of thirty (30) admitted cases with pleural effusion confirmed by chest radiography and aspiration of pleural fluid from one (1) year to twelve (12) years age of either sex were collected purposively. This study was carried out from July 2009 to February 2010 in the Department of Pediatrics at Rajshahi Medical College Hospital. All information were recorded in pre tested semi structured questionnaire. Results: Color of pleural fluid was straw in 56.7%, clear in 30.0%, blood stained in 13.3%. In this study, lymphocyte predominance among 56.7% cases, acid fast bacilli in 3.3% cases and raised protein of more than 3gm/dl and sugar less then 60mg/dl in 93.3% cases in pleural fluid. Conclusion: In almost all cases protein is raised and sugar is less in pleural fluid. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jssmc.v5i1.16201 J Shaheed Suhrawardy Med Coll, 2013;5(1):26-27

scholarly journals Usage of Silver-Stained Polyacrylamide Gels Electrophoresis (PAGE) for Detection of Rotavirus Infection by Direct Identification of Viral Nucleic Acid

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 154-159
Author(s):  
Md Rashedul Kabir ◽  
Rafika Afrose ◽  
ASM Shahidullah ◽  
Md Akram Hossain ◽  
Shyamal Kumar Paul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Stool Culture ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Rotavirus Infection ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Modified Polyacrylamide

Background: Rotavirus infects almost all children by the age of five. More than 180,000 annual deaths due to rotavirus, occurs in Bangladesh. Aims: This study aimed to determine the incidence of rotavirus infection in children by a modified polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) in stool samples. Materials and Methods: In this descriptive type cross sectional study, a total of 400 stool samples were examined for the presence of rotavirus by a modified PAGE analysis of viral genome. Stool culture was done for common enteric pathogens. The study was carried out from November 2012 to July 2013 in the department of Microbiology, Mymensingh Medical College, Mymensingh. Results: PAGE results were found in 365 of 400 (91%) specimens. Maximum incidence of rotavirus infection was seen in age group of 6 months - 24 months (67.25%). All 151 rotavirus positive cases did not show infection with bacterial pathogens.Conclusion: The modified PAGE technique for the detection of viral RNA was found to be rapid, simple, reliable and less expensive technique.Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.15(2) 2016 p.154-159

scholarly journals Traumatic Rupture of Tympanic Membrane: A Study of 70 Cases

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-42
Author(s):  
SM Golam Rabbani ◽  
Md Abdur Rashid ◽  
Khaled Mahmud ◽  
M Alamgir Chowdhury ◽  
Md Abdur Razzak
Keyword(s):  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Tympanic Membrane ◽  
Neck Surgery ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Traumatic Rupture ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Almost All

Objective: To find out the causes and pattern of traumatic rupture of tympanic membrane (TM) and their prognosis.Methods: This was a cross sectional study and carried out in the Department of Otolaryngology- Head & Neck Surgery, Tairunessa Memorial Medical College & Hospital, Boardbazar, Gazipur, in a period of 18 months from January 2011 to December 2013 among those had traumatic ruptured tympanic membrane attending in our hospital. 70 cases were taken and the data were collected by interviewing the cases as per questionnaire from history, examinations & investigation reports.Results: This study showed people of 21-30 years (65.5%) are mostly affected and males (36) were more affected than females (34) and housewives (34.5%) were commonest group of people. 88.5% of cases the cause of rupture is slapping and 42% cases slapped by her own husbands. From this study we got left ear was involved in (60)85%of cases. It needs 22-28 days in 57.14% of cases to heal the membrane. Almost all 94.5% of cases it heals spontaneously.Conclusion: It needs early diagnosis, no intervention and no entry of water. In most cases they heal spontaneously the ruptured TMBangladesh J Otorhinolaryngol; April 2015; 21(1): 38-42

scholarly journals What rural people in Tamilnadu are doing to prevent dengue?

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 2178
Author(s):  
Satyajit Pattnaik ◽  
Kokila Selvaraj
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Protective Measure ◽  
Night Time ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Almost All

Background: Traditionally dengue was perceived as an urban problem. But of late many cases are being reported from rural areas. This study was undertaken to assess the preventive measures taken by people in a rural area against dengue. Methods: This was a cross sectional study done in the rural field practice area of a private medical college in Tamilnadu. Hundred houses were selected from five villages through a multi stage simple random sampling. A pre-tested semi-structured interview schedule was used for data collection. Results: All household surveyed reported using some form of personal measures against dengue. The most common personal protective measure was use of mosquito nets (58%) followed by mosquito coils (9%). Almost all (98%) of the respondents use the PPM at night time only. Conclusions: It was found that many people are using PPMs but mostly during the daytime. This practice has to be corrected with more awareness and health education. 

scholarly journals An epidemiological study regarding role of television about health awareness in rural and urban areas of district, Amritsar, Punjab, India

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 451
Author(s):  
Raghav Gupta ◽  
Sanjeev Mahajan ◽  
Tejbir Singh ◽  
Shyam S. Deepti
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Self Awareness ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Almost All

Background: Television is not only a source of entertainment but also a major source of information including that related to health content. So this study was conducted to know the role of television in awareness about health programs and their utility.Methods:In this cross-sectional study, 1000 respondents (500 urban and 500 rural) were studied in 5 rural and 5 urban from field practice area of Government Medical College, Amritsar. They were interviewed with the help of pretested and semi-structured questionnaire.Results: Almost all the respondents had watched television with 94% respondents in rural and 100% in urban. Those respondents who did not watched were due to non availability of television sets. Majority 3/4 of the respondents spent half to 2 hour per day watching television. Almost 2/3 of total respondents were aware about health related programs being shown on television and out of these 79.00% were actually watching these programs. 42.16% respondents were aware about health related advertisements. Respondents using these products 91.20% followed through self awareness whereas 8.80% were motivated by someone.Conclusions:Television viewing is almost a universal phenomenon but still in areas where it is more needed very few were being aware about health related content being shown on television and even those who were aware were not watching these programs.

scholarly journals Attitude Towards Replacement of Missing Teeth Among the Patients Visiting Nobel Medical College and Teaching Hospital

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-10
Author(s):  
Ankita Rathi ◽  
S Chhetri
Keyword(s):  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Missing Teeth ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Self Image ◽  
Prosthetic Status ◽  
Natural Teeth ◽  
And Function

Introduction: Teeth play a significant part in the maintenance of a healthy personality and an affirmative self-image. Tooth loss is psychologically a very traumatizing and upsetting experience, and is considered to be a serious event in the life of a person, requiring significant psychological readjustment. Objective: Evaluate the prosthetic status and attitude of the patients towards replacement of the teeth among the patients visiting dental department, Noble Medical College and Teaching Hospital (NMCTH) Materials and Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted over a duration of 6 months to determine prosthetic status and attitude of the patients towards replacement of the teeth among all patients visiting Department of prosthodontics, NMCTH. The inclusion criteria was all patients with at least one missing tooth (excluding third molars) and subjects who gave consent for the study. All the Patients were provided with six close ended questionnaire followed by clinical examination by a well trained investigator. Result: The total number of participants was 297. Of them 157 were male and 140 were female. Most frequently encountered age group was 21-30 years Of these, 80.8% of individual were provided with proper information about replacement of teeth whereas 19.2 % were not. 70.7% individual said they will replace only when they find difficulty in their daily activities. 64.6 % of individual wanted to replace teeth for appearance, 20.5% for function and 14.8% for both appearance and function. 79.5 %stated financial problem and 18.2% stated lack of awareness regarding not replacement of teeth. Conclusion: The patients’ attitudes and demand towards the replacement of missing teeth might be different from the clinicians’ assessment. We consider factors such as the preservation of natural teeth and the maintenance of periodontal health as priority but patients tends to prioritize comfort in mastication and improvement of esthetics. Therefore, it is vital to investigate patients’ awareness, need and demand on prosthodontic treatment options.

scholarly journals "Usage of Silver-Stained Polyacrylamide Gels Electrophoresis (PAGE) for Detection of Rotavirus Infection by Direct Identification of Viral Nucleic Acid ."

KYAMC Journal ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 557-561
Author(s):  
Md Rashedul Kabir ◽  
Md Akram Hossain ◽  
Md Murshed Alam ◽  
Shyamal Kumar Paul ◽  
Zohra Begum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Stool Culture ◽  
Direct Identification ◽  
Viral Nucleic Acid ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Rotavirus Infection ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Modified Polyacrylamide

Background: Rotavirus infects almost all children by the age of five. More than 180,000 annual deaths due to rotavirus, occurs in Bangladesh.Aims: This study aimed to determine the incidence of rotavirus infection in children by a modified polyacrylamide gel elctrophoretic (PAGE) in stool samples.Materials and Methods: In this descriptive type cross sectional study, a total of 400 stool samples were examined for the presence of rotavirus by a modified PAGE analysis of viral genome. Stool culture was done for common enteric pathogens. The study was carried out from November 2012 to July 2013 in the department of Microbiology, Mymensingh Medical College, Mymensingh.Results: PAGE results were found in 365 of 400 (91%) specimens. Maximum incidence of rotavirus infection was seen in age group of 6 months - 24 months (67.25%). All 151 rotavirus positive cases did not show infection with bacterial pathogens.Conclusion: The modified PAGE technique for the detection of viral RNA was found to be rapid, simple, reliable and less expensive technique.KYAMC Journal Vol. 6, No.-1, Jul 2015, Page 557-561

Side Effects of Chemotherapy and Cancer Treatment in Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-78
Author(s):  
. Hemraj ◽  
Raj Kumar ◽  
Sourabh Kosey ◽  
Amit Sharma ◽  
Nalini Negi
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Informational Needs ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Clinical Pharmacists ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Related Information ◽  
The Common ◽  
Chemotherapy Patients

To determine the most common physical side effects experienced by local chemotherapy patients. Their perceptions of these side effects and informational needs from clinical pharmacists were also evaluated. This was a single center, observational cross-sectional study conducted at department of General Surgery, Guru Gobind Singh Medical College and Hospital, Faridkot, Punjab. A face to face interview was conducted. Information collected included chemotherapy related side effects after last chemotherapy experience, the most worrisome side effects, overlooked by healthcare professionals and the preferred method, amount and source of receiving related information. In this study, hundred patients were enrolled out of them 48 were male and 52 were female. When differential calculations was done, common side effects or adverse effects of chemotherapy in the patients of breast, lung cancer, Ovarian Cancer, Colon cancer, Prostate cancer, Lymphoma Cancer, Cervix cancer where there is much irregular medicine intake 57.4% may be due to common problem of joint pain reported by all the patients under study, with the consecutive problem of nausea and vomiting. The high prevalence of chemotherapy related side effects among local patients is a major concern and findings of their perceptions and informational needs may serve as a valuable guide for clinical pharmacists and physicians to help in side effect management. This study shows the common problems reported by the patients when they are suffering from cancer condition, according to their incidence perceptions as experienced by the patient, this will allow the physician and clinical pharmacist to effectively counsel and manage the common symptoms as reported prior to its occurrence in the patient, so that withdrawal can be checked.

Rapid detection of Rotavirus antigen in stool sample of acute diarrheic children

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-13
Author(s):  
Sushmita Roy ◽  
S.M. Shamsuzzaman ◽  
K.Z. Mamun
Keyword(s):  
Stool Sample ◽  
Rapid Detection ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Rapid Diagnosis ◽  
Age Group ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Rotavirus Infection ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Stool Samples

Rotavirus is one of the leading causes of pediatric diarrhea globally. Accurate and rapid diagnosis of Rotavirus diarrhea should reduce unnecessary use of antibiotics and ultimately reduce drug resistance. Study was designed for rapid diagnosis of Rotavirus antigen in stool sample by ICT (Immunochromatographic test) as well as to observe the seasonal variation of rotavirus infection. This cross sectional study was carried out in the department of Microbiology, Dhaka Medical College from January 2011 to December 2011. Eighty stool samples were collected from Dhaka Shishu Hospital and Dhaka Medical College Hospital. All samples were tested for rotavirus antigen by ICT. Among 80 patients, 42 (52.5%) samples were positive for rotavirus antigen. Among these 42 positive samples, 30 (71.43%) were from 0-12 months of age group, 10 (23.81%) from 13 to 24 months of age group and rest 2 (4.76%) from 25 to 36 months of age group. Rotavirus Ag was detected in stool samples from January to April and another peak episode from October to December. Considering the importance of Rotavirus associated diarrhea, rapid detection of Rotavirus infection in human is substantially needed and should be routinely practiced.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjmm.v6i1.19354 Bangladesh J Med Microbiol 2012; 06(01): 11-13

Suicidal Death Autopsy Analysis at Dhaka Medical College

1970 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
MN Hossain ◽  
Z Rahman ◽  
S Akhter
Keyword(s):  
Forensic Medicine ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Autopsy Report ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
Suicidal Death

A cross sectional study was carried out at the department of Forensic Medicine in Dhaka Medical College during the period of January 2008 to December 2009. Data were collected from 3rd copy of the post mortem reports which were preserved in the department of Forensic Medicine with the verbal consent of the doctors who performed autopsy report. During this period total 5114 autopsies were conducted. Out of this 970 cases (19%) were suicidal in nature. It was noticed that all suicidal deaths occurred from 10 years to all age group respectively, but top amongst age group of suicidal deaths occurred in between 21 to 30 years of people. Suicidal deaths are more common in female than male. Suicidal deaths due to hanging is highest, next common causes of death due to organophosphorus compund poisoning. Suicidal deaths by hanging is more in female than male but in poisoning cases male are more lvictimised than female. Objectives of our study are to see the occurrence and methods of suicidal death. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bmj.v40i1.9957 BMJ 2011; 40(1): 18-21

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