Constitutional Features of the Maxillofacial Area of Omsk Young Men

The aim was to determine the morphometric parameters of the maxillofacial area of Omsk young men of 18-20 years of age according to the teleroentgenography of the head (in a lateral projection), taking into account the indicators of cephalometry and anthropometry, to identify regional constitutional features of quantitative values.Material and methods. A cephalometric and somatometric examination of 26 Omsk Slavic young men of 18-20 years of age without concomitant pathology was performed, supplemented by an X-ray examination of the head (to obtain teleroentgenograms in a lateral projection). The analysis of teleroentgenograms was carried out in the online service Mave Cloud.Results. According to the results of anthropometry, the longitudinal and transverse dimensions of the young men's heads, the zygomatic diameter and the full height of the face were assessed; the indicators of body growth, body weight, chest circumference and transverse chest diameter were determined. These indicators were used to calculate the indices. The value of the facial index was 81.86 (79.31; 88.88), the value of the head index was 76.65 (74.27; 79.47), the Rees-Eisenck index corresponded to 97.58 (94.62; 107.48), the Rohrer index was 13.34 (12.07; 15.48), the Pinier index was 11.1 (-10; 22), the Quetelet II index was 23.33 (22.03; 27.71). When analyzing teleroentgenograms, it was revealed that the values of some parameters in Omsk young men of 18-20 years of age differ from the values of the «norm». Thus, the indicators of the lower jaw length (Go-Gn), the ratio of the body of the lower jaw length to the length of the anterior base of the skull (Go-Me/S-N), the length of the posterior base of the skull (S-Ar), the height of the branch of the lower jaw (Ar-Go), the ratio of the heights of the face (S-Go/N-Me), the angle between the axis of the lower incisor and the plane of the lower jaw (IM IMPA) have greater values than the «norm»; and the figures of the angles sum according to Bjork (∠SUM Bjork), mandibular angle (∠Ar-Go-Me), maxillary angle (∠N-Go-Ar), upper jaw inclination angle (∠NSL-NL), lower jaw inclination angle (∠NSL-ML), intermaxillary angle (∠NL-ML), the angle between the lower jaw plane and the Frankfurt horizontal (∠FMA), have values less than the «norm». The values of the saddle angle (∠N-S-Ar) differed in young men with euryprosopic and leptoprosopic facial forms. The quantitative values of the lower jaw angle (ArGo-Me) and the upper jaw angle (N-Go-Ar) differed only in the representatives of the dolichocephalic and mesocephalic forms of the head.Conclusion. Quantitative values of cephalometric and somatometric parameters in Omsk young men of 18-20 years of age have distinctive features. Individual parameters of the maxillofacial area (according to teleroentgenograms) differ in persons with dolichocephalic and mesocephalic forms of the head and in the representatives of euryprosopic and leptoprosopic forms of the face.

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An Anglo-Saxon Disc Brooch from Northamptonshire

The Antiquaries Journal ◽

10.1017/s0003581500023982 ◽

1962 ◽

Vol 42 (1) ◽

pp. 53-56

Author(s):

Vera I. Evison

Keyword(s):

The Body ◽

The Other ◽

Anglo Saxon ◽

Disc Diameter ◽

Thin Disc ◽

Lower Jaw ◽

Upper Jaw

A small gilt-bronze disc brooch was found at Little Houghton, Northants., in 1957, a surface find on a Roman site, and was acquired by Northampton Museum (pl. xv b, fig. 1). It is a thin disc, diameter 2·5 cm., tapering at the border, with remains of pin holder and catch at the back and shallow pattern in relief on the front. The gilding has rubbed off the higher parts of the pattern, and has disappeared entirely in places where the brooch has been damaged and bent, possibly by fire. The ornament consists of two Style II animals, identical except for the shape of the jaw. They are S-shaped, turning round to bite their own backs; the body continues directly into the angle of a back leg which crosses the body and ends at the border in the rudiments of a foot; a front limb shoots forward to interlock with the hind curve of the other animal; the head is an eye framed by a right-angle; in one case the upper jaw passes below the body and the lower jaw is short and curves only slightly outwards; in the other the upper jaw again runs below the body, and the lower jaw swings round and seems to meet the upper jaw behind in a complete loop. There is damage at this point, however, and on analogous evidence it is quite likely that the lower jaw did not join the upper, but swept on independently.

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Jaws and radula of the Carboniferous ammonoid Cravenoceras

Journal of Paleontology ◽

10.1017/s0022336000035228 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 69 (4) ◽

pp. 703-707 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Kazushige Tanabe ◽

Royal H. Mapes

Keyword(s):

The Body ◽

Anterior Portion ◽

Phylogenetic Affinity ◽

Body Chamber ◽

Lower Jaw ◽

Upper Jaw ◽

Marginal Plates ◽

Buccal Space

A well-preserved mouth apparatus consisting of jaws and a radula was found in situ within the body chamber of the goniatite Cravenoceras fayettevillae Gordon, 1965 (Neoglyphiocerataceae: Cravenoceratidae), from the middle Chesterian (Upper Mississippian) of Arkansas. Both upper and lower jaws consist of a black material. The lower jaw is characterized by a widely opened larger outer lamella and a shorter inner lamella. The upper jaw is fragmental. The radula is preserved in the anterior portion of the buccal space and comprises a series of tooth elements. Each transverse tooth row consists of seven teeth (a rhachidian and pairs of two lateral and one marginal teeth), with a pair of marginal plates. This arrangement is typical of radulae of other ammonoids of Carboniferous to Cretaceous age, coleoids, and the orthoconic “nautiloid” Michelinoceras (Silurian, Michelinocerida), suggesting a phylogenetic affinity among them.

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CRANIAL BASE SYMMETRIC AND NORMAL LOWER JAW ROTATION

Romanian Journal of Stomatology ◽

10.37897/rjs.2015.3.4 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 61 (3) ◽

pp. 231-237

Author(s):

Mohamed Khwanda ◽

◽

Yazan Jahjah ◽

Keyword(s):

Cranial Base ◽

The Body ◽

Adult Patients ◽

Normal Type ◽

Lower Jaw ◽

Angular Measurements ◽

The Face ◽

Cranial Fossa ◽

High Level ◽

The Brain

Understanding the complexities of cranial base development, function, and architecture is important for testing hypotheses about many aspects of craniofacial variation and evolution. Architecturally, the cranial base provides the platform upon which the brain grows and around which the face grows. In addition, the cranial base connects the cranium with the rest of the body: it articulates with the vertebral column and the mandible, provides conduits for all the vital neural and circulatory connections between the brain, the face and the neck, houses and connects the sense organs in the skull, and forms the roof of the nasopharynx. The shape of the cranial base is therefore a multifactorial product of numerous phylogenetic, developmental, and functional interactions. Aim. The aim of this research is to perform a morphometric analysis of the skull base to investigate the symmetry between the two hemibases of the cranial fossa with each other in adult patients with normal type of lower jaw rotation using cone beam copmuted tomography CBCT in transversal plane. Materials and methods. In result of radiographic study, 35 Caucasian adult patients with no prior orthodontics treatment were selected (16 males, 19 females) from 16 to 27 years (mean age of 20.02 years: females average age was 20.15 years; males average age was 21.84 years) of age with normal type of lower jaw rotation according to the sum of Björk. Pearson’s Correlation Coefficient was calculated to investigate the symmetry between the two hemibases of the cranial fossa with each other. Results. A difference was found amongst the two genders of the sample subjects in the strength of the correlation between the CBCT angular measurements evaluating the two hemibases of the cranial base symmetry. Conclusion. A difference was found amongst the two genders. This study found no exact symmetry between the samples, but it was in high level for adult females.

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Research on the clinical aspect of Angle Class II/1 malocclusions (accompanied by the bad habit of sucking the thumb)

Romanian Journal of Stomatology ◽

10.37897/rjs.2015.4.7 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 61 (4) ◽

pp. 294-297

Author(s):

Ionela Teodora Dascălu ◽

◽

Evantia Coleş ◽

Marina Olimpia Amărăscu ◽

Tiberiu Ţîrcă ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Class Ii ◽

Clinical Aspect ◽

Clinical Aspects ◽

Emotional Instability ◽

Etiological Factors ◽

Angle Class Ii ◽

Lower Jaw ◽

Angle Class ◽

The Face ◽

Upper Jaw

Sucking the thumb is considered an inborn reflex. However, after the age of four (in case of emotional instability and anxiety) this reflex becomes a bad habit. This vicious habit is one of the most important etiological factors which determine the Angle Class II/1 malocclusion. The research relied on the analysis of the photos of schoolchildren aged 6 to 14 who admitted the persistence of this bad habit and also had Angle Class II/1 malocclusions. We analysed the photos of the face and of the exobuccal and endobuccal profiles. We have chosen two cases from the researched group to highlight the clinical aspects of Angle Class II/1 malocclusions. The patients maintained the bad habit of sucking the thumb which, accompanied by other etiological factors, led to a skeletal disequilibrium. Thus, many modifications may appear such as: upper jaw prognathism and lower jaw retrognathism with a sagittal inocclusion as well as changes of the physiognomy specific to Angle Class II/1 malocclusions. In the case of Angle Class II/1 malocclusions, the coexistence of hereditary and functional pathologic factors generally leads to skeletal and neuro-muscular modifications with aesthetic repercussions.

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A new Lepisosteidae (Actinopterygii, Ginglymodi) from the Cretaceous of the Kem Kem Beds, southern Morocco

BSGF - Earth Sciences Bulletin ◽

10.2113/172.5.661 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 172 (5) ◽

pp. 661-670 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Lionel Cavin ◽

Paulo M. Brito

Keyword(s):

Central America ◽

Sister Group ◽

Horizontal Branch ◽

The North ◽

Lower Jaw ◽

The Face ◽

Living Species ◽

Upper Jaw ◽

A Chain ◽

Santana Formation

Abstract Lepisosteids or gars constitute a very special neopterygian group, with seven living species in two genera: Lepisosteus and Atractosteus. They live in freshwaters from the eastern part of North America and Central America. A new lepisosteid, Oniichthys falipoui gen. nov., sp. nov., is described on the basis of two well preserved specimens. Although the type locality is unknown, information provided by the fossil collector, the type of preservation of the specimen, and the nature of the attached matrix indicate, with confidence, that it comes from the Kem Kem beds of southern Morocco (fig. 1). The Kem Kem beds are rich fossiliferous horizons, exposed along the face of an escarpment extending from the north of Erfoud town to the Kem Kem area. The age of these outcrops is still debatable being considered as ?Albian in age [Forey and Grande, 1998] or regarded as Cenomanian, due to their elasmobranch assemblage [Sereno et al., 1996]. Oniichthys falipoui shows several derived characters of gars such as an elongated ethmoid region, an upper jaw formed by a chain of tooth-bearing bones, a joint between the quadrate and the lower jaw lying far forward, in front of the orbit and a large splint-like quadratojugal overlying the horizontal branch of the preopercle. O. falipoui shares with the primitive gar, Obaichthys decoratus, from the ?Albian Santana Formation of Brazil, the presence of toothed maxillaries, although in the Moroccan taxon, the maxillaries are anteriorly fused with infraorbitals. This structure confirms that, at least, some of the "infraorbital chain" bones bear maxillary teeth, fused to them during ontogeny. Discussion of characters leads to regard O. falipoui as more derived than Obaichthys, and to place it as the sister-group of Lepisosteus-Atractosteus.

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DEVIATIONSIN THE POSITION OFTHETHIRD MOLARS

Archiv Euromedica ◽

10.35630/2199-885x/2020/10/4.35 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 156-162

Author(s):

Nataliia Pankratova ◽

Mikhail Postnikov ◽

Aziza Khasbolatova ◽

Tatiana Repina ◽

Anastasiia Rodionova ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Spatial Arrangement ◽

Optimal Shape ◽

Urgent Problem ◽

Third Molars ◽

The Third ◽

Lower Jaw ◽

Formation Stage ◽

The Face ◽

Upper Jaw ◽

And Function

Timely teething is one of the most important indicators of the harmonious development of the dentoalveolar system, which is determined by the correct (physiological) position of the teeth in the dentition, ensuring the optimal shape and function of the temporomandibular joint, the work of the chewing muscles, the height of the lower part of the face, and aesthetics of a smile. Retention of individual teeth is often the reason for the formation of anomalies in the dentition, their closure, functional and aesthetic disorders. An urgent problem in modern dentistry is the problem associated with the development of third molars. According to the results of the analysis of 3000 orthopantomograms of the jaws of patients 7–25 years old with dentoalveolar anomalies, the spatial arrangement of the primordial of the third molars relative to the buttresses of the upper and lower jaws was studied. It was found that the buttresses on the upper jaw are vertical and do not interfere with the correct eruption of the third molars. The buttresses located near the primordial of the third molars on the lower jaw contribute to the retention of the third molars due to the change in inclination during the formation stage.

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Anatomical Variation Of The Submandibular Gland Duct. A Unreported Anomaly

International Archives of Medicine ◽

10.3823/2538 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 10 ◽

Author(s):

Humberto Ferreira Arquez

Keyword(s):

Submandibular Gland ◽

Anatomical Variation ◽

Excretory Duct ◽

The Body ◽

Major Salivary Gland ◽

Incisor Tooth ◽

Lower Incisor ◽

Submandibular Duct ◽

The Face ◽

The University

Background: The submandibular gland is the second largest major salivary gland and weighs 7–16 gr. The gland is located in both sides of the face, at the same level of the body of the jaw, in the submandibular triangle, The submandibular duct or Wharton’s duct exits anteriorly, coursing deep to the lingual nerve and medial to the sublingual gland, the main excretory duct of the submandibular gland, whose diameter is of 2 to 3mm and approximately 4–5 cm long. It empties lateral to the lingual frenulum through a papilla in the floor of the mouth behind the lower incisor tooth. The purpose of this study is determine the morphologic features and describe an unusual anatomical variation of the path of the submandibular duct. Methods and Findings: A total of 17 cadavers were used for this study in the Morphology Laboratory at the University of Pamplona. In a cadaver were findings: The excretory duct of the left submandibular gland had an external location that ascends and crosses vertically off the body of the mandible, in its termination it is divided in four ducts that had separate openings into the oral cavity upon a small papillas independent, opposites to the first and second lower molar Crown. Conclusions: Awareness of potential variations of the excretory ducts of the salivary glands can aid in the accurate diagnosis and treatment of patients with salivary conditions as well as help surgeons avoid further complications or duct lacerations during surgical procedures.

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Comparative Characteristics Of Rheological Properties Of Blood In Combined Face Injuries Before And After Treatment

The American Journal of Medical Sciences and Pharmaceutical Research ◽

10.37547/tajmspr/volume03issue01-10 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 03 (01) ◽

pp. 67-75

Author(s):

Bakhtiyar Karshievich Narmurotov ◽

◽

Shukhrat Abdujalilovich Boymuradov ◽

Jamolbek Abdukakhkhorovich Djuraev ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Early Diagnosis ◽

Mineral Metabolism ◽

Facial Trauma ◽

Associated Injuries ◽

Actual Problem ◽

Lower Jaw ◽

Before And After ◽

The Face ◽

Upper Jaw

Fractures are one of the most common components in multiple and associated injuries. Fractures of the lower jaw are observed in 76%, of the upper jaw in 24%, a fracture of the zygomatic-orbital complex in 12%. The actual problem of modern traumatology is the violation of reparative osteogenesis with injuries combined with facial trauma. The duration of the consolidation of fractures is determined by the degree of microcirculation disorders in the fracture zone, changes in cellular and coagulation hemostasis and mineral metabolism. In this connection, increasing the effectiveness of treatment of fractures of the bones of the face on the basis of early diagnosis of vascular and hemostasiological changes is of great importance for practical health care.

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Size of lower jaw as an early indicator of skeletal class III development

Vojnosanitetski pregled ◽

10.2298/vsp0808589s ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 65 (8) ◽

pp. 589-595

Author(s):

Zdenka Stojanovic ◽

Angelina Nikodijevic ◽

Bozidar Udovicic ◽

Jasmina Milic ◽

Predrag Nikolic

Keyword(s):

Cranial Base ◽

The Body ◽

Mixed Dentition ◽

Class Iii ◽

Skeletal Class ◽

Total Length ◽

Lower Jaw ◽

Proportional Relation ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Upper Jaw

Background/Aim. Malocclusion of skeletal class III is a complex abnormality, with a characteristic sagital position of the lower jaw in front of the upper one. A higher level of prognatism of the lower jaw in relation to the upper one can be the consequence of its excessive length. The aim of this study was to find the differences in the length of the lower jaw in the children with skeletal class III and the children with normal sagital interjaw relation (skeletal class I) in the period of mixed dentition. Methods. After clinical and x-ray diagnostics, profile tele-x-rays of the head were analyzed in 60 examinees with mixed dentition, aged from 6 to 12 years. The examinees were divided into two groups: group 1 - the children with skeletal class III and group 2 - the children with skeletal class I. The length of the lower jaw, upper jaw and cranial base were measured. The proportional relations between the lengths measured within each group were established and the level of difference in the lengths measured and their proportions between the groups were estimated. Results. No significant difference between the groups was found in the body length, ramus and the total length of the lower jaw. Proportional relation between the body length and the length of the lower jaw ramus and proportional relation between the forward cranial base and the lower jaw body were not significantly different. A significant difference was found in proportional relations of the total length of the lower jaw with the total lengths of cranial base and the upper jaw and proportional relation of the length of the lower and upper jaw body. Conclusion. Of all the analyzed parameters, the following were selected as the early indicators of the development of skeletal class III on the lower jaw: greater total length of the lower jaw, proportional to the total lengths of cranial base and the upper jaw, as well as greater length of the lower jaw body, proportional to the length of the upper jaw body. .

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Classification of dental x-ray images

10.33915/etd.4258 ◽

2006 ◽

Author(s):

◽

Usman Qureshi ◽

Keyword(s):

Soft Tissues ◽

Detection Algorithm ◽

The Body ◽

Forensic Identification ◽

Efficient Manner ◽

Lower Jaw ◽

Curve Detection ◽

Upper Jaw ◽

Mass Disasters

Forensic dentistry is concerned with identifying people based on their dental records. Forensic specialists have a large number of cases to investigate and hence, it has become important to automate forensic identification systems. The radiographs acquired after a person is deceased are called the Post-mortem (PM) radiographs, and the radiographs acquired while the person is alive are called the Ante-mortem (AM) radiographs. Dental biometrics automatically analyzes dental radiographs to identify the deceased individuals. While, ante mortem (AM) identification is usually possible through comparison of many biometric identifiers, postmortem (PM) identification is impossible using behavioral biometrics (e.g. speech, gait). Moreover, under severe circumstances, such as those encountered in mass disasters (e.g. airplane crashes and natural disasters such as Tsunami) most physiological biometrics may not be employed for identification, because of the decay of soft tissues of the body to unidentifiable states. Under such circumstances, the best candidates for postmortem biometric identification are the dental features because of their survivability and diversity.;In my work, I present two different techniques to classify periapical images as maxilla (upper jaw) or mandible (lower jaw) images and we show a third technique to classify dental bitewing images as horizontally flipped/rotated or horizontally un-flipped/un-rotated. In our first technique I present an algorithm to classify whether a given dental periapical image is of a maxilla (upper jaw) or a mandible (lower jaw) using texture analysis of the jaw bone. While the bone analysis method is manual, in our second technique, I propose an automated approach for the identification of dental periapical images using the crown curve detection Algorithm. The third proposed algorithm works in an automated manner for a large number of database comprised of dental bitewing images. Each dental bitewing image in the data base can be classified as a horizontally flipped or un-flipped image in a time efficient manner.

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