Accuracy of SARS-CoV-2 Detection in Saliva for COVID-19 Diagnosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dina M. Elkady ◽  
Walid Shaban Abdella ◽  
Muhamed Abdella ◽  
Abdelrahman Elsayed Kopeya ◽  
Aboalmagd Hamdallah
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
High Accuracy ◽  
Oral Manifestations ◽  
Oral Diseases ◽  
Mouth Dryness ◽  
Pooled Data ◽  
Saliva Test

Context: There is an unmet clinical need to develop simple, easy, rapid, and accessible testing for the detection of SARS-CoV-2. Recent reports suggested that saliva may be a host for the virus. The existence of SARS-CoV-2 in saliva can be associated with oral manifestations in infected patients. A systematic review was conducted as well as a meta-analysis to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of detecting SARS-CoV-2 in saliva and investigate the association between positive saliva test and oral manifestations of COVID-19. Evidence acquisition: A literature search in MEDLINE via PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane was done in June 2020 and updated in February 2021 using relevant keywords. We screened studies for eligibility. The extracted data were analyzed using Meta-Disc software. Results: Eighteen studies were included. Pooled data from eligible studies showed that the sensitivity of diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 in saliva was 0.86 (95% CI, 0.83–0.89), and the specificity was 0.98 (95% CI, 0.96–0.98). COVID-19 was associated with oral diseases as amblygeustia, dry mouth, dryness, inflammation of the mouth, and enlargement of lymph nodes in the submandibular regions. Conclusions: Our results showed that the saliva has a high accuracy in the detection of SARS-CoV-2.

Behavioural symptoms and impairments in multiple sclerosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2012 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eija Rosti-Otajärvi ◽  
Päivi Hämäläinen
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Adjustment Disorder ◽  
Subjective Symptoms ◽  
Severe Mental Disorders ◽  
Behavioural Symptoms

Behavioural problems are not well recognized in multiple sclerosis (MS). In this review we aimed to evaluate the prevalence of behavioural symptoms and impairments in MS. A systematic search was carried out from MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Web of Science, CINAHL and COCHRANE. In total, 23 studies (1831 participants) were identified. Based on the literature search, behavioural symptoms and impairments are observed in MS. Aggression (23%), apathy (22%), euphoria (12%) and lack of insight (11%) were the most frequent symptoms, and adjustment disorder (17%) the most frequent impairment. Severe mental disorders are more infrequent than changes in behaviour, manner of reaction, and way of action. In conclusion the objective behavioural impairments and especially subjective symptoms are present in patients with MS. These manifestations should be taken into account in the diagnostics and treatment of the disease.

scholarly journals Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Occurrence of ESKAPE Bacteria Group in Dogs, and the Related Zoonotic Risk in Animal-Assisted Therapy, and in Animal-Assisted Activity in the Health Context

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (9) ◽  
pp. 3278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Santaniello ◽  
Mario Sansone ◽  
Alessandro Fioretti ◽  
Lucia Francesca Menna
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Animal Species ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Risk Of Infection ◽  
Healthcare Facilities ◽  
Rehabilitation Centers ◽  
Zoonotic Risk ◽  
Reported Data

Animal-assisted interventions are widely implemented in different contexts worldwide. Particularly, animal-assisted therapies and animal-assisted activities are often implemented in hospitals, rehabilitation centers, and other health facilities. These interventions bring several benefits to patients but can also expose them to the risk of infection with potentially zoonotic agents. The dog is the main animal species involved used in these interventions. Therefore, we aimed at collecting data regarding the occurrence of the pathogens ESKAPE (Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterobacter spp.) in dogs, in order to draft guidelines concerning the possible monitoring of dogs involved in animal-assisted therapies and animal-assisted activities in healthcare facilities. We performed a literature search using the PRISMA guidelines to examine three databases: PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus. Out of 2604 records found, 52 papers were identified as eligible for inclusion in the review/meta-analysis. Sixteen papers reported data on E. faecium; 16 on S. aureus; nine on K. pneumoniae; four on A. baumannii; eight on P. aeruginosa; and six on Enterobacter spp. This work will contribute to increased awareness to the potential zoonotic risks posed by the involvement of dogs in animal-assisted therapies, and animal-assisted activities in healthcare facilities.

scholarly journals A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Examining Pneumonia-Associated Mortality in Dementia

2014 ◽  
Vol 39 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 52-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norine C. Foley ◽  
Rebecca H. Affoo ◽  
Ruth E. Martin
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Comparison Group ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Isi Web Of Science ◽  
The Subject

Background: Although it is generally accepted that deaths associated with pneumonia are more common in patients with dementia, no comprehensive reviews on the subject have previously been published. Summary: Relevant studies were identified through a literature search of the PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, and ISI Web of Science databases for publications up to August 2013. Studies were included if (1) a group of adult subjects with dementia and a (comparison) group composed of subjects without dementia were included, (2) the cause(s) of death was/were reported, and (3) pneumonia was identified as one of the possible causes of death. The occurrence of death due to pneumonia associated with dementia was expressed as an odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI). Thirteen studies were included. The odds of death resulting from pneumonia were significantly increased for persons with any form of dementia compared with those without dementia (OR = 2.22, 95% CI 1.44-3.42, p < 0.001). In a subgroup analysis, using the results from 8 studies that restricted inclusion to persons with Alzheimer's disease, the odds of death resulting from pneumonia were also significantly higher (OR = 1.70, 95% CI 1.12-2.58, p = 0.013). Key Messages: The odds of pneumonia-associated mortality were increased more than 2-fold for patients with dementia. © 2014 S. Karger AG, Basel

scholarly journals Efficacy of Topical 5% Acyclovir-1% Hydrocortisone Cream (ME-609) for Treatment of Herpes Labialis: a systematic review

2015 ◽  
Vol 87 (2 suppl) ◽  
pp. 1415-1420 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARIA INÊS DA ROSA ◽  
SUÉLI L. SOUZA ◽  
BRUNA F. DE FARIAS ◽  
PATRÍCIA D.S. PIRES ◽  
EDUARDO R. DONDOSSOLA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Herpes Simplex ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Reference Lists ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Cochrane Central Register ◽  
Herpes Labialis ◽  
Central Register

We performed a systematic review with the objective of verifying the efficacy of topical use 5% Acyclovir-1% Hydrocortisone cream compared to the placebo group for herpes simplex labialis treatment. We performed a literature search using MEDLINE, Embase, BIOSIS, LILACS, Scopus, Grey literature, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, the ISI Web of Science and IBECS from 1990 to June 2014. We reported the outcomes using relative risk (RR) with 95% confidence intervals. The literature search yielded 180 potentially relevant publications. Reviews of the reference lists yielded two further citations. Among these papers, two were considered eligible for inclusion in this review. Both trials included 1,213 patients. A meta-analysis of these studies showed a RR = 0.77, (95% CI 0.70-0.86; p<0.001).This result suggests that an early episodic treatment with the combination of an antiviral and a steroid is beneficial for herpes simplex labialis treatment.

scholarly journals Prevalence of dysphagia in patients with multiple sclerosis; a systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Omid Mirmosayyeb ◽  
Narges Ebrahimi ◽  
Arman Shekarian ◽  
Sara Bagherieh ◽  
Alireza Afshari-Safavi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Final Analysis ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Pooled Prevalence ◽  
Screening Strategies ◽  
Conference Papers

Objectives: Dysphagia is a major comorbidity observed in patients with multiple sclerosis, yet different prevalence rates are reported for it. Therefore, we have designed this systematic review to estimate the pooled prevalence of dysphagia in patients with MS. Method: We searched PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE, Web of Science, and gray literature including references from the identified studies, reviews studies, and conference abstracts which were published up to February 2021. Articles that were relevant to our topic and could provide information regarding the prevalence of dysphagia among MS patients were included; however, articles with self-report screening strategies were excluded. Results: The literature search found 1993 articles. After eliminating duplicates, 1272 articles remained. Sixteen abstract conference papers were included for final analysis. A total of 10846 MS cases and 4913 MS patients with dysphagia included in the analysis. The pooled prevalence of dysphagia in the included studies was 45.3% (95% CI: [40.7%-50%]) Conclusion: The results of this systematic review shows that the prevalence of dysphagia in MS patients is 45% which is greatly higher compared to the general population.

Gender differences in blindness, cataract blindness and cataract surgical coverage in India: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 104 (2) ◽  
pp. 220-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manya Prasad ◽  
Sumit Malhotra ◽  
Mani Kalaivani ◽  
Praveen Vashist ◽  
Sanjeev K Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Gender Differences ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Gender Differentials ◽  
Indian Context ◽  
Pooled Prevalence ◽  
Meta Analyses

BackgroundThe magnitude of blindness is unevenly distributed worldwide. This systematic review aimed to study gender differences in the prevalence of blindness, cataract blindness and cataract surgical coverage in India among persons aged 50 years and above.MethodsLiterature search was carried out in the Medline, Web of Science, Google Scholar, EMBASE and Trip databases. Data were abstracted and risk of bias was assessed for the selected full-text articles. Pooled prevalence, ORs and risk differences were synthesised by meta-analyses.Results22 studies were included in the systematic review. The pooled prevalence of blindness obtained for men was 4.17% and that for women was 5.68%. Women had 35% higher odds of being blind (OR 1.35, 95% CI 1.08 to 1.62) and 69% higher odds of being cataract blind (OR 1.69, 95% CI 1.44 to 1.95). Women had a 27% lower odds of getting cataract surgery (OR 0.73, 95% CI 0.45 to 1.01). In women, around 35% of the prevalence of blindness and 33% of the prevalence of cataract blindness are attributable to their gender.ConclusionMarked gender differences in blindness, cataract blindness and cataract surgical coverage were seen in India, with the odds being unfavourable for women. Interventions implemented for reduction of blindness, including cataract blindness, need to consider these gender differentials in the Indian context. Further research is needed to ascertain the reasons for these differences and devise interventions to reduce these differences in order to tackle the magnitude of avoidable blindness in India.

scholarly journals Oral Manifestations of COVID-19: Updated Systematic Review With Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Javier Aragoneses ◽  
Ana Suárez ◽  
Juan Algar ◽  
Cinthia Rodríguez ◽  
Nansi López-Valverde ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Opportunistic Infections ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Oral Lesions ◽  
Oral Manifestations ◽  
Prevalence Data ◽  
Considerable Heterogeneity ◽  
Pooled Prevalence

There is increasing evidence for oral lesions and manifestations of COVID-19. The aim of this meta-analysis was to investigate the types of oral manifestations of COVID-19 and their prevalence. PubMed/Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases were used to search for publications on oral manifestations in patients with PCR-confirmed COVID-19. A total of 310 records were selected, and 74 were included. Oral lesions in COVID-19 were classified according to their etiologies, including iatrogenic lesions caused by intubation and opportunistic infections. Of the included studies, 35 reported oral lesions probably caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome-Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Meta-analysis of prevalence data on oral manifestations and aphthous lesions indicated high heterogeneity, while meta-analysis of xerostomia prevalence data revealed a pooled prevalence, with considerable heterogeneity. In conclusion, the meta-analysis yielded high heterogeneity between studies: oral lesions yielded a prevalence of 0.33 (95% CI 0.11–0.60), xerostomia lesions a prevalence of 0.44 (95% CI 0.36–0.52) and aphthous lesions 0.10 (95% CI 0.01–0.24). In addition, a gap in the evidence regarding the prevalence of oral lesions in COVID-19 was identified and the need for further observational studies focusing on this issue and on the causal relationships between oral lesions and COVID-19 was highlighted.

Association of MMP-2 -753C>T and MMP-9 -1562C>T Polymorphisms with Chronic/Aggressive Periodontitis Risk: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatemeh MASHHADIABBAS ◽  
Hossein NEAMATZADEH ◽  
Elnaz FOROUGHI ◽  
Seyed Alireza DASTGHEIB ◽  
Soudabeh FARAHNAK ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Aggressive Periodontitis ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
Functional Polymorphisms ◽  
The Matrix

Background: Two functional polymorphisms in the matrix metalloproteinase-2 and -9 (MMP-2 and MMP-9) genes may contribute to periodontitis pathogenesis. However, the results were inconsistent and inconclusive. Therefore, to clarify precise associations of MMP-2 -753 C>T and MMP-9 -1562C>T polymorphisms with chronic (CP) and aggressive (AgP) periodontitis, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods: A literature search was conducted using PubMed, Google Scholar, Embase, and Web of Science databases until 5 July 2017. The data were analyzed with CMA software, and risk estimates are expressed as odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs). Results: Nineteen case-control studies in ten publications with 2089 periodontitis cases and 2345 controls met the criteria. The pooled ORs indicated that MMP-2 -753C>T and MMP-9 -1562C>T polymorphisms were not significantly associated with risk of periodontitis in overall analysis. Stratified analyses by ethnicity and periodontitis type indicated that the MMP-9 -1562C>T polymorphism showed a significant association with the risk of periodontitis among Caucasians and CP/AgP subgroup, whereas MMP-2 -753C>T polymorphism was significantly associated with periodontitis risk only among Asians. Conclusion: MMP-2 -753C>T and MMP-9 -1562C>T polymorphisms may not be associated with risk of periodontitis in overall population. However, MMP-2 -753C>T and MMP-9 -1562C>T polymorphisms might have influence on the susceptibility of periodontitis by ethnicity.  

scholarly journals Impact of Meal Frequency on Anthropometric Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1108-1122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lukas Schwingshackl ◽  
Kai Nitschke ◽  
Jasmin Zähringer ◽  
Karin Bischoff ◽  
Szimonetta Lohner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trials ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Meal Frequency ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Robust Evidence

ABSTRACT The relation between meal frequency and measures of obesity is inconclusive. Therefore, this systematic review and network meta-analysis (NMA) set out to compare the isocaloric effects of different meal frequencies on anthropometric outcomes and energy intake (EI). A systematic literature search was conducted in 3 electronic databases (Medline, Cochrane Library, Web of Science; search date, 11 March 2019). Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included with ≥2 wk intervention duration comparing any 2 of the eligible isocaloric meal frequencies (i.e., 1 to ≥8 meals/d). Random-effects NMA was performed for 4 outcomes [body weight (BW), waist circumference (WC), fat mass (FM), and EI], and surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA) was estimated using a frequentist approach (P-score: value is between 0 and 1). Twenty-two RCTs with 647 participants were included. Our results suggest that 2 meals/d probably slightly reduces BW compared with 3 meals/d [mean difference (MD): −1.02 kg; 95% CI: −1.70, −0.35 kg) or 6 meals/d (MD: −1.29 kg; 95% CI: −1.74, −0.84 kg; moderate certainty of evidence). We are uncertain whether 1 or 2 meals/d reduces BW compared with ≥8 meals/d (MD1 meal/d vs. ≥8 meals/d: −2.25 kg; 95% CI: −5.13, 0.63 kg; MD2 meals/d vs. ≥8 meals/d: −1.32 kg; 95% CI: −2.19, −0.45 kg) and whether 1 meal/d probably reduces FM compared with 3 meals/d (MD: −1.84 kg; 95% CI: −3.72, 0.05 kg; very low certainty of evidence). Two meals per day compared with 6 meals/d probably reduce WC (MD: −3.77 cm; 95% CI: −4.68, −2.86 cm; moderate certainty of evidence). One meal per day was ranked as the best frequency for reducing BW (P-score: 0.81), followed by 2 meals/d (P-score: 0.74), whereas 2 meals/d performed best for WC (P-score: 0.96). EI was not affected by meal frequency. In conclusion, our findings indicate that there is little robust evidence that reducing meal frequency is beneficial.

scholarly journals The Role of Chemotherapy in Management of Inoperable, Metastatic and/or Recurrent Melanotic Neuroectodermal Tumor of Infancy—Own Experience and Systematic Review

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 3872
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Styczewska ◽  
Małgorzata A. Krawczyk ◽  
Ines B. Brecht ◽  
Konrad Haug ◽  
Ewa Iżycka-Świeszewska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Pediatric Oncology ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Poor Response ◽  
Neuroectodermal Tumor ◽  
Incomplete Resection ◽  
Systematic Literature Search ◽  
Neural Crest Origin

Melanotic Neuroectodermal Tumor of Infancy (MNTI) is a very rare pediatric neoplasm of neural crest origin. In most cases, it develops in infants as a localized tumor of the maxilla, and surgery is usually curative. In less than 10% of patients with inoperable, metastatic or persistently recurring MNTI, chemotherapy (CHT) may be considered; however, its role is still unclear. The aim of our study was to assess the efficacy of CHT in children with large, inoperable, metastatic and/or recurrent MNTI. Four such infants, treated with CHT in Polish and German centers of pediatric oncology, were presented. Additionally, a systematic literature search of the PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus and Web of Science databases was performed, yielding 38 similar cases within the last 42 years. Neoadjuvant CHT, based mainly on the protocols for neuroblastoma, was often effective, allowing for complete delayed surgery in most cases. However, the role of adjuvant CHT in preventing recurrences after incomplete resection of MNTI remains unclear. Disseminated inoperable MNTI was almost universally associated with poor response to CHT and unfavorable outcome. Further investigations to elaborate standards of management in patients with inoperable, metastatic or persistently recurring MNTIs are necessary to improve outcomes.

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