Effect of Er:YAG and Er,Cr:YSGG Lasers on Ceramic Bracket Debonding from Composite Blocks

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the effect of erbium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Er:YAG) and erbium, chromium: yttrium, scandium, gallium, garnet (Er,Cr:YSGG) lasers on the shear bond strength (SBS) of ceramic brackets debonding from the surface of composite blocks. Materials and Methods: Thirty-six composite blocks were fabricated using Filtek Z250 light-cure composite. Block surfaces were etched with 37% phosphoric acid for 30 seconds and then rinsed with water for 20 seconds and dried. Maxillary right central incisor ceramic orthodontic brackets were bonded to the surfaces of composite blocks using Transbond XT adhesive and were cured for 40 seconds. Twelve samples were irradiated with Er:YAG laser, while 12 samples were irradiated with Er,Cr:YSGG laser, and the brackets were then debonded using a universal testing machine. Twelve samples served as controls (debonding using the universal testing machine without using a laser). The adhesive remnant index (ARI) score and bracket or composite cracks were evaluated under a stereomicroscope. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used for the comparison of the three groups. Kruskal-Wallis test was used to compare the ARI scores. Results: The mean SBS was 17.01±5.22 MPa with Er:YAG laser, 18.03±6.46 MPa with Er,Cr:YSGG laser, and 16.61±6.73 MPa in the control group; the difference of the three groups was not significant (P=0.835). The difference in the ARI scores and enamel and composite cracks was not significant either (P>0.05). Conclusion: This study did not show any reduction in the bond strength of ceramic bracket to composite blocks after Er:YAG and Er,Cr:YSGG laser irradiation.

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Pengaruh Kloroform Terhadap Pelarutan Bahan Perekat Yang Menempel Pada Braket Keramik Yang Lepas Dari Gigi

SONDE (Sound of Dentistry) ◽

10.28932/sod.v6i1.3320 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 9-18

Author(s):

Ken Edinata ◽

Endah Mardiati

Keyword(s):

Shear Strength ◽

Orthodontic Treatment ◽

Testing Machine ◽

Wilcoxon Test ◽

Comparative Approach ◽

Universal Testing Machine ◽

Universal Testing ◽

Ceramic Brackets ◽

Ceramic Bracket

ABSTRAK Kebutuhan braket transparan pada perawatan ortodonti semakin berkembang dengan adanya kebutuhan braket sewarna gigi, terutama wanita yang memerlukan penampilan estetik maksimal. Braket yang lepas dalam perawatan ortodonti perlu direkatkan kembali. Pembersihan landasan braket yang terlepas sehingga dapat direkatkan kembali akan mengurangi biaya yang harus dikeluarkan pasien. Melakukan daur ulang braket haruslah dapatdapat dilakukan tanpa merubah sifat fisik dan ukuran dari braket tersebut. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimental analitik laboratoris in vitro dengan pendekatan komparatif yang bertujuan untuk melihat perbedaan kuat rekat geser braket keramik yang dibersihkan dengan kloroform selama 20 menit, 40 menit, 60 menit. Sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah 60 buah braket keramik monokristalin merek Ice Inspire dari Ormco dengan perlekatan mekanik. Pengukuran uji rekat geser menggunakan Instron Universal Testing Machine dan sisa resin menggunakan skor ARI. Analisis statistik dilakukan dengan uji Wilcoxon dan ANOVA. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan bermakna kuat rekat geser braket keramik pasca rekat yang dibersihkan dengan kloroform selama 20 menit, 40 menit, 60 menit dan braket keramik pascarekat yang baru. Simpulan dari penelitian ini bahwa Terdapat perbedaan kuat rekat geser braket keramik yang dibersihkan dengan kloroform selama 20 menit, 40 menit, 60 menit dengan braket keramik yang baru, Semakin lama waktu pembersihan braket keramik dengan kloroform, sisa resin adhesif akan semakin bersih dan mempunyai kuat rekat geser yang lebih tinggi. Terdapat perbedaan sisa resin adesif antara braket keramik pasca rekat yang dibersihkan dengan kloroform yang dilepas kembali dengan braket keramik pasca rekat yang baru. Kata Kunci : perbedaan kuat rekat geser, kloroform, kuat rekat geser, ARI, braket keramik. ABSTRACT Transparant bracket needs in orthodontic treatment is become huge caused the needs of tranlucent bracket , especially women who require maximum aesthetic appearance. Debonding bracket in orthodontic treatment need to reattached. By Cleaning mesh of bracket so it can be reattached to reduce patient costs . Recycling bracket must can done without changing the physical properties and the size of bracket. This study is an experimental study in vitro analytical comparative approach that aims to see the difference shear strength adhesion to ceramic brackets were cleaned with chloroform for 20 minutes , 40 minutes , 60 minutes . The sample used in this study were 60 pieces of ceramic bracket monokristalin from Ormco Inspire Ice with mechanical retention. Measurement of shear strength test using the Instron Universal Testing Machine and the rest of the resin using ARI scores . Statistical analysis was used with Wilcoxon test and ANOVA . The results showed there were significant differences in the bracket shear strength rebonding ceramic bracket, which cleaned with chloroform for 20 minutes , 40 minutes , 60 minutes and new rebonding ceramic bracket. Conclusions from this research that There is a difference in the shear strength ceramic brackets which cleaned using chloroform for 20 minutes , 40 minutes , 60 minutes and with a new ceramic bracket , the longer time cleaning ceramic bracket with chloroform, the rest of the adhesive resin will be clean and have strong adhesion higher shear. There are differences between the residual resin adhesive after adhesive ceramic bracket cleaned with chloroform is released back and the ceramic new bracket rebonding. Key words :

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Effects of Diode and Nd:YAG Laser Irradiation on Friction Forces Between Two Types of Ceramic Brackets and Rhodium-Coated Archwires

Journal of lasers in medical sciences ◽

10.34172/jlms.2021.13 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. e13-e13

Author(s):

Hannaneh Ghadirian ◽

Allahyar Geramy ◽

Mohammad Ali Keshvad ◽

Soolmaz Heidari ◽

Nasim Chiniforush

Keyword(s):

Laser Irradiation ◽

Diode Laser ◽

Nd:Yag Laser ◽

Yttrium Aluminum Garnet ◽

Testing Machine ◽

Control Group ◽

Friction Forces ◽

X Ray ◽

Custom Made ◽

Ceramic Brackets

Introduction: Ceramic brackets have gained increasing popularity among dental clinicians and orthodontic patients but friction is a major concern when using them. This study sought to assess the effects of diode and Nd:YAG (neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet) laser irradiation on friction forces between two types of ceramic brackets and rhodium-coated esthetic archwires. Methods: Thirty polycrystalline and 30 poly-sapphire brackets were divided into 6 groups (n=10) as follows: (I) control polycrystalline brackets (no laser irradiation), (II) polycrystalline brackets subjected to diode laser irradiation, (III) polycrystalline brackets subjected to Nd:YAG laser irradiation, (IV) control poly-sapphire brackets (no laser irradiation), (V) poly-sapphire brackets subjected to diode laser irradiation, and (VI) poly-sapphire brackets subjected to Nd:YAG laser irradiation. The bracket slots were laser-irradiated on a custom-made table. Sixty 5-cm pieces of rhodium-coated archwires were used for the friction test in a universal testing machine at a speed of 10 mm/min. Ten brackets from the six groups underwent scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). Results: The frictional resistance value of polycrystalline brackets was significantly higher than that of poly-sapphire brackets, irrespective of laser type (P<0.05). Irradiation of diode and Nd:YAG lasers, compared with the control group, had no significant effect on friction, irrespective of bracket type (P>0.05). Conclusion: It appears that diode and Nd:YAG laser irradiation cannot significantly decrease the friction. Future studies are warranted on different laser types with variable exposure.

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Analysis of Shear Bond Strength and Morphology of Er:YAG Laser-Recycled Ceramic Orthodontic Brackets

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2016/7276287 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2016 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ruo-qiao Han ◽

Kai Yang ◽

Ling-fei Ji ◽

Chen Ling

Keyword(s):

Bond Strength ◽

Shear Bond Strength ◽

Laser Scanning ◽

Er:Yag Laser ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Laser Scanning Microscopy ◽

Confocal Laser ◽

Control Group ◽

Test Machine ◽

Ceramic Brackets

Objective. The aim of this study was to compare the recycling of deboned ceramic brackets via an Er:YAG laser or via the traditional chairside processing methods of flaming and sandblasting; shear bond strength and morphological changes were evaluated in recycled brackets versus new brackets.Materials and Methods. 3M Clarity Self-Ligating Ceramic Brackets with a microcrystalline base were divided into groups subjected to flaming, sandblasting, or exposure to an Er:YAG laser. New ceramic brackets served as a control group. Shear bond strengths were determined with an Electroforce test machine and tested for statistical significance through analysis of variance. Morphological examinations of the recycled ceramic bracket bases were conducted with scanning electron microscopy and confocal laser scanning microscopy. Residue on the bracket base was analyzed with Raman spectroscopy.Results. Faded, dark adhesive was left on recycled bracket bases processed via flaming. Adhesive was thoroughly removed by both sandblasting and exposure to an Er:YAG laser. Compared with new brackets, shear bond strength was lower after sandblasting (p<0.05), but not after exposure to an Er:YAG laser. The Er:YAG laser caused no damage to the bracket.Conclusion. Er:YAG lasers effectively remove adhesive from the bases of ceramic brackets without damaging them; thus, this method may be preferred over other recycling methods.

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The Influence of Specimen Grips on the Measurement of Micro-Tensile Bond Strength to Human Dentin

Key Engineering Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.492.18 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 492 ◽

pp. 18-23

Author(s):

Xin Yi Zhao ◽

Shi Bao Li ◽

Xu Gong

Keyword(s):

Bond Strength ◽

Testing Machine ◽

Tensile Bond Strength ◽

Cohesive Failure ◽

Universal Testing Machine ◽

Crosshead Speed ◽

Adhesive Interface ◽

Universal Testing ◽

Multiple Beams ◽

Human Dentin

To evaluate the effects of specimen grips on the measurement of the micro-tensile bond strength (mTBS) to dentin. Methods: Twelve extracted human molars were sectioned to expose mid-coronal dentin. Each surface was ground with 600-grit SiC paper. Four adhesives: Prime & Bond NT (Dentsply, USA), Contex (DMG, German), Adper Prompt (3M/ESPE, USA) and Clearfil S3Bond (Kuraray, Japan) were applied to the polished surfaces followed by creation of composite buildups. After 24 hr storage in 37°C water, the teeth were sectioned perpendicular to the adhesive interface to produce multiple beams of composite-bonded dentin, approximately 0.8 mm2in cross-sectioned area. Half of the specimens were attached to testing grips A which did not contain positioning pins and another half were attached to the testing grips B which contained positioning pins. All specimens were tested using a universal testing machine at a crosshead speed of 1.0 mm/min. Results: Specimens tested using the grips A presented lower mTBS than using the grips B (P<0.01). Many specimens tested using the grips A showed mix failure or cohesive failure within composite, and most of the failures were adhesive for specimens tested using the grips A. Conclusion: Specimen grips without positioning pins cannot accurately present mTBS and the grips with positioning pins can more accurately present mTBS.

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Statistical Analysis of Tensile Strength and Flexural Strength Data from Universal Testing Machine

Asian Journal of Probability and Statistics ◽

10.9734/ajpas/2020/v9i330230 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 54-62

Author(s):

Ahmad Adlie Shamsuri ◽

Siti Atiqa Al Zahra Mat Darus

Keyword(s):

Tensile Strength ◽

Flexural Strength ◽

Testing Machine ◽

Z Score ◽

P Values ◽

Strength Data ◽

Universal Testing Machine ◽

Universal Testing ◽

Relative Standard ◽

The Difference

The tensile strength and flexural strength are the most important mechanical properties as they provide the value of maximum tensile stress and flexural stress. The objective of this study is to analyze statistically the tensile strength and flexural strength data obtained from a universal testing machine. The tests were conducted upon a thermoplastic, specifically high-density polyethylene (HDPE), which was in-house molded by using an injection-molding machine. Three different persons have performed the tensile and flexural tests. Three other laboratories have also been involved in these tests. The relative standard deviation (RSD) values were calculated to express the precision and repeatability of the tests. Later, the standard score (z-score) values were also calculated to aid the comparison of the data. Finally, the single-factor analysis of variance (ANOVA) was employed to investigate statistically significant differences between the means of the tensile strength and flexural strength data of each person and laboratory. From the calculation, the RSD values of all three persons and laboratories were lower than 5%, indicating that the data were consistent. The z-score values of all three persons were within the range from -2 to 2, suggesting that the data were close to average. However, the z-score value for one of three laboratories was not within the range, demonstrating that the data was unusual. The P-values of all three persons were higher than 0.05 (except for flexural strength), implying that the difference between the means of the data was not statistically significant. Nevertheless, the P-values of all three laboratories were lower than 0.05, indicating that the difference between the means of the data was statistically significant.

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Effect of beverages on surface properties of resin-based sealants

Brazilian Journal of Oral Sciences ◽

10.20396/bjos.v16i0.8650490 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 16 ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

Bruna Genari ◽

Vicente Castelo Branco Leitune ◽

João Henrique Macedo Saucedo ◽

Susana Maria Werner Samuel ◽

Fabrício Mezzomo Collares

Keyword(s):

Bond Strength ◽

Testing Machine ◽

Resin Cement ◽

Control Group ◽

Resin Cements ◽

Universal Testing ◽

Halogen Light ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Tooth Surfaces ◽

Light Curing

Self-adhesive, dual-polymerizing resin cements require no treatment to the prepared tooth surfaces before cementation. Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of curing mode on bond strength (BS) of three cementing systems to bovine dentin. Methods: The buccal enamel surfaces of 50 bovine incisors were removed to expose dentin and to flat the surface. The teeth were divided into five groups (n=10), which consisted of two resin cements (Multilink and Clearfil SA Cement) that were tested in dual- (halogen light for 40 s) and self-cured modes, and a control (RelyX ARC). Two cylinders of resin cements (1.0 mm X 0.75 mm) were prepared on each bonded dentin surface. After 24h at 37oC, resin cylinders were subjected to micro-shear testing in a universal testing machine (4411/Instron - 0.5 mm/min). Data were statistically analyzed by two-way ANOVA, Tukey and Dunnett`s test (5%). Results: Multilink showed higher BS than those observed on Clearfil SA. Light-curing resulted in higher BS for both Multilink and Clearfil SA. When Multilink was light-cured, no significant difference on BS was demonstrated between it and RelyX ARC. Conclusions: The highest BS values were obtained in control group and light-cured Multilink resin cement.

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Effect of Metalloproteinase Inhibitors on the Microtensile Bond Strength of Composite Resin to Er:YAG Laser-Irradiated Dentin

Brazilian Dental Journal ◽

10.1590/0103-6440201600825 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 27 (4) ◽

pp. 442-445 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Beatriz Carlos Correa ◽

Rodrigo Galo ◽

Camila Scatena ◽

Maria Cristina Borsatto ◽

Aloísio Oro Spazzin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bond Strength ◽

Composite Resin ◽

Er:Yag Laser ◽

Testing Machine ◽

Adhesive System ◽

Fracture Pattern ◽

Chemical Degradation ◽

Control Group ◽

Microtensile Bond Strength ◽

Cross Sectional

Abstract This study evaluated the effect of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) inhibitors - 2% (CHX) and sodium fluoride (NaF) (5000 ppm) - on microtensile bond strength (μTBS) of composite resin to Er:YAG laser-irradiated dentin after chemical degradation of the bond interface. The occlusal surface of forty sound human molars was removed exposing the dentin surface (n=10), which was polished, irradiated with Er:YAG laser, acid etched and dried. Twenty specimens were rewetted with 2% CHX (control group) and 20 were rewetted with NaF (5000 ppm). The adhesive system was applied and a 4-mm-high plateau of light-cured composite resin was built up. Resin-dentin sticks were obtained with a rectangular cross-sectional area (0.8-1 mm2) and were either stored in water at 37 ?#61616;C for 24 h or submitted to chemical degradation. For chemical degradation, they were immersed in 10% NaOCl aqueous solution for 5 h and rinsed in water for 1 h. The sticks were submitted to microtensile test in a mechanical testing machine at 0.5 mm/min until failure. Fracture pattern was analyzed using SEM. μTBS values were calculated in MPa and submitted to analysis of variance ANOVA (α=0.05). The variance analysis showed that the 'MMP inhibitor' and 'degradation' factors (p=0.214 and p=0.093, respectively) and interaction between the factors were not statistically significant (p=0.143). Mixed failure predominated in all groups. In conclusion, the 2% CHX and NaF 5000 ppm presented similar μTBS of composite resin to laser-irradiated dentin before and after chemical degradation

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Evaluation of Static Friction of Polycrystalline Ceramic Brackets after Conditioning with Different Powers of Er:YAG Laser

International Journal of Dentistry ◽

10.1155/2015/749616 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2015 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Valiollah Arash ◽

Saeed Javanmard ◽

Zeinab Eftekhari ◽

Manouchehr Rahmati-Kamel ◽

Mohammad Bahadoram

Keyword(s):

Laser Power ◽

Er:Yag Laser ◽

Testing Machine ◽

Frictional Resistance ◽

Static Friction ◽

Study Groups ◽

Control Group ◽

Sem Images ◽

Polycrystalline Ceramic ◽

Ceramic Brackets

This research aimed to reduce the friction between the wire and brackets by Er:YAG laser. To measure the friction between the wires and brackets in 0° and 10° of wire angulations, 40 polycrystalline ceramic brackets (Hubit, South Korea) were divided into 8 study groups and irradiated by 100, 200, and 300 mj/s of Er:YAG laser power. Two groups of brackets were not irradiated. The friction between the wires and brackets was measured with universal testing machine (SANTAM) with a segment of .019 × .025 SS wire pulled out of the slot of bracket. ANOVA andt-test were used for analyzing the results. To evaluate the effect of the laser on surface morphology of the bracket, SEM evaluations were carried out. The mean frictional resistances between the brackets and wires with 0° of angulation by increasing the laser power decreased compared with control group, but, in 10° of angulation, the friction increased regardless of the laser power and was comparable to the friction of nonirradiated brackets. Furthermore, with each laser power, frictional resistance of brackets in 10° of angulation was significantly higher than 0° of angulation. These results were explained by SEM images too.

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Effect of Adhesive Boosters on Bond Strength of Bleached Teeth in Orthodontic Bonding

The Journal of Indian Orthodontic Society ◽

10.1177/03015742211004431 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 030157422110044

Author(s):

I Ranganayakulu ◽

D Praveen Kumar Varma ◽

Padma Priya CV ◽

RSVM Raghu Ram ◽

K Anand Viswanadh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bond Strength ◽

Shear Bond Strength ◽

Testing Machine ◽

Orthodontic Brackets ◽

Carbamide Peroxide ◽

Universal Testing Machine ◽

Universal Testing ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Maxillary Premolars ◽

And Control

Objectives: To evaluate and compare the effect of adhesion boosters on shear bond strength (SBS) of orthodontic brackets on bleached teeth. Materials and Methods: A sample of 90 extracted maxillary premolars was equally divided into 2 groups of bleached and non-bleached teeth. Twenty-two percent carbamide peroxide gel was used as an agent for bleaching. Each group was further divided equally into 3 subgroups depending on the type of adhesive booster used (Enhance LC, All-bond 2, and no adhesive booster [control]) and maxillary premolars brackets were bonded. Debonding was done with a universal testing machine, and the SBS was recorded. Results: The SBS of non-bleached teeth was highest for All-bond 2 (14.78 ± 2.47 MPa) followed by Enhance LC (13.15 ± 3.49 MPa) and control (10.30 ± 1.06 MPa). The SBS of bleached teeth was highest for All bond 2 (12.23 ± 1.41 MPa) followed by Enhance LC (11.76 ± 1.71 MPa) and control (9.63 ± 1.06 MPa). All subgroups showed a significant difference in SBS (P = .000) on bleached and non-bleached teeth. The SBS showed a significant difference between the bleached and non-bleached teeth in All-bond 2 group (P = .019). Conclusion: Adhesive boosters increased the SBS of both bleached and non-bleached teeth significantly. Among the two adhesive boosters used, All-bond 2 showed more SBS values.

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Bond Strength of Adhesive Systems with Different Solvents to Dry and Wet Dentin

The Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice ◽

10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1261 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 9-13 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Daphne Câmara Barcellos ◽

Carlos Rocha Gomes Torres ◽

Melissa Aline da Silva ◽

Patrícia Maria Rangel ◽

Clovis Pagani

Keyword(s):

Bond Strength ◽

Surface Treatment ◽

Testing Machine ◽

Single Bond ◽

Adhesive Systems ◽

Universal Testing Machine ◽

Universal Testing ◽

Microtensile Test ◽

Adhesive Factor

ABSTRACT Aim This study evaluates bond strength between dentin and composite using adhesives with different solvents to dry and wet dentin. Materials and methods Ninety bovine incisors were used; the vestibular surfaces were worn by the exposure of an area with a diameter of 4 mm of dentin. The specimens were divided into 6 groups, according to the type of adhesive used and hydratation stals: Group SB-wet: Single Bond 2 in wet dentin, Group SBdry: Single Bond 2 in dry dentin, Group SL-wet: Solobond M in wet dentin, Group SL-dry: Solobond M in dentin dry. Group XPwet: XP Bond in wet dentin, Group XP-dry: XP Bond in dentin dry. They were cut to obtain specimens in the shape of stick with 1 × 1 mm and subjected to microtensile test in universal testing machine with a cross speed of 1mm/min. The data were analyzed with ANOVA and Tukey's tests (5%). Results ANOVA showed significant differences for surface treatment and interaction, but no difference was found for adhesive factor. The Tukey's test showed that the samples with wet dentin shown higher values of bond strength. Conclusion The adhesive did not influence in the bond strength. The groups with wet dentin showed higher values of bond strength than groups with dry dentin. How to cite this article Silva MA, Rangel PM, Barcellos DC, Pagani C, Torres CRG. Bond Strength of Adhesive Systems with Different Solvents to Dry and Wet Dentin. J Contemp Dent Pract 2013;14(1):9-13.

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