scholarly journals Antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of carbapenemase-producing Gram-negative nosocomial bacteria at Al Zahra hospital, Isfahan, Iran

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sima Bahrami ◽  
Fatemeh Shafiee ◽  
Atousa Hakamifard ◽  
Hossein Fazeli ◽  
Rasool Soltani
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Nosocomial Infections ◽  
Susceptibility Test ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Vitro Effect

Background and Objectives: Bacterial antibiotic resistance is one of the most important threats for public health around the world. Carbapenemase-producing Gram-negative bacteria have resistance to most antibiotics including carbapenems complicating the treatment of infections. The aim of this study was to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of carbapenemase-producing nosocomial Gram-negative pathogens at a referral teaching hospital to reveal the best options for treatment of related infections. Materials and Methods: Gram-negative bacteria, isolated from hospitalized patients with nosocomial infections, underwent meropenem susceptibility test by disk diffusion method. Meropenem-resistant strains were evaluated for the presence of carbapenemase using Modified Hodge test (MHT). Finally, the antibiotic susceptibility test was performed to determine the sensitivity of each carbapenemase-positive strain against various antimicrobial agents according to the guidelines of Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI). Results: Over the study period, 155 carbapenemase-positive isolates were detected. Pneumonia was the most frequent related nosocomial infection (67.1%) followed by UTI (23.2%). Acinetobacter baumannii (53.5%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (40%) were the most frequently isolated pathogens. The pathogens had high rate of resistance to all antibiotics. Colistin had the most in vitro effect against all pathogens. Also, K. pneumoniae had a co-trimoxazole sensitivity rate equal to colistin (30.6%). Conclusion: Carbapenemase-positive Gram-negative bacteria causing nosocomial infections are common in our hospital and have high rate of resistance to most antibiotics. Improvement in the pattern of antibiotic use and infection control measures are necessary to overcome this resistance.

AEROBIC BACTERIOLOGICAL PROFILE WITH ANTIMICROBIAL SUSCEPTIBILITY PATTERN OF PUS SAMPLES AT A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL IN JAIPUR

2021 ◽  
pp. 65-67
Author(s):  
Hemendra K Sharma ◽  
Niketa Gupta ◽  
Mahesh Yadav ◽  
Aruna Vyas ◽  
Rajni Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Inappropriate Use ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern

Background: Pyogenic infections can be caused by various microorganisms and may co-exist as poly microbial infections which require antibiotic therapy. The inappropriate use of antibiotics has led to major problems of MDRO's contributing to morbidity and mortality. Even though the bacteriological prole of pus samples in many studies remain the same, antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of these isolates has shown a lot of variation. This study was conducted to assess bacteriological prole of pus samples and their antimicrobial susceptibility pattern Materials and Methods:Aretrospective study was carried out from April to June 2021. 540 pus culture aerobic bacterial isolates were included. The samples were cultured on Blood and MacConkey agar. After aerobic incubation at 37oC for 18-24 hrs, organisms were identied by conventional bacteriology methods as per laboratory protocol and antimicrobial susceptibility was tested by Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method as per CLSI 2020 guideline. Results: Out of 540 pus isolates , 452(83.7%)were gram negative bacili and 88(16.3%) were gram positive cocci Pseudomonas spp. 173(31.9%), was most common gram negative isolate while S.. aureus 66(12.19%) was most common Gram positive isolate. Most of gram negative isolates were susceptible to Imipenem and Polymyxin and gram positive isolates to vancomycin and linezolid . Conclusion: To combat resistance irrational use of antibiotics should be avoided. Also regular surveillance helps in implementing better therapeutic strategies to reduce morbidity and mortality

Antibiogram of Gram Negative Uropathogens in a Tertiary Care Hospital

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 80-84
Author(s):  
Milind Davane ◽  
Sanjivani Mundhe
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Klebsiella Spp

Background: Globally, urinary tract infection (UTI) is considered a major public health concern and the second most common bacterial infection affecting individuals of different ages worldwide. Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are caused by multiplicity of microorganisms. The chronicity of different bacterial isolates and their propensity to various antibiotics may differ widely, particularly in hospitalized patients, that makes the study of susceptibility pattern mandatory for a proper selection of antibiotics. Objective: To evaluate antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of the Gram negative organisms isolated from urine cultures of hospitalized patients. Material and Methods: A total of 500 urine samples from hospitalized patients which showed significant bacteriuria were studied. Samples were inoculated on Blood agar and MacConckey agar. Further identification and study of organisms was done by standard Microbiological methods. Antimicrobial Susceptibility pattern was studied by Modified Kirby- Bauer’s disc diffusion method with the panel of 15 drugs as per Clinical Laboratories Standard Institute (CLSI) guidelines. Results: UTIs were found more common in females 290 (58%). Commonest organism found was Escherichia coli 260 (52%) followed by Klebsiella spp. 120 (24%), Pseudomonas spp. 40 (8%), Proteus spp. 38 (7.6%), Citrobacter spp. 25 (5%) and Acinetobacter spp. 17 (3.4%). Majority of the strains were found sensitive to nitrofurantoin followed by amikacin, piperacillin-tazobactam and cotrimoxazole. Commonly prescribed fluroquinolones were found least effective for treatment of UTI. All the strains were found sensitive to imipenem. Extended spectrum beta lactamase (ESBL) was noted in E.coli and in Klebsiella spp. Conclusion: To discourage the indiscriminate use of antibiotics and to prevent further development of bacterial drug resistance, proper knowledge of susceptibility pattern of uropathogens in particular area is very important before prescribing any empirical antibiotic therapy.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of Gram negative bacteria isolated from intensive care units in Al-Ahsa, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (31) ◽  
pp. 747-753 ◽  
Author(s):  
Badger-Emeka Lorina ◽  
Abdulhadi Al-Sultan Abdulrahman ◽  
Sami Alrashed Abdullatif ◽  
Sami Alhaddad Mohammed ◽  
Khalifah Al-Barjas Afnan
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Intensive Care Units ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Kingdom Of Saudi Arabia ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern

scholarly journals Assessment of Microbiological Content of Private and Public Recreational Water Facilities and Their Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern in Al-Ahsa

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 117863021988739
Author(s):  
Fatimah Hejji AlTuraifi ◽  
Ali A AlMomatin ◽  
Lorina Badger-Emeka ◽  
Promise Madu Emeka ◽  
Mohammed Monirul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Recreational Water ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Recreational Facilities ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
Vitek 2

Background: Water recreational facilities like swimming pools attract people of all ages. However, these facilities are very suitable for the transmission of various microbial diseases and have been shown to pose public health concerns. Aims: This study assesses the presence of different Gram-negative bacteria pathogens and their antimicrobial susceptibility pattern in both private and public pools in Al-Ahsa. Methods: 11 private and 3 public recreational water facilities were sampled for the study. Collected water samples were inoculated into nutrient broth and incubated aerobically for 24 hours. The overnight growth was plated out on blood and MacConkey agars. Pure cultures of the bacteria samples were used for identification and antimicrobial susceptibility test using the Vitek 2 compactautomated system (BioMerieux, Marcy L’Etoile, France). Minimum inhibitory concentration was also provided by the Vitek 2 compact automated system. Results: 13 different Gram-negative bacteria species isolates were encountered in both pool types sampled. More of potential pathogens were isolated from the private than the public pools, of which Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa constituted 50% and 43%, respectively, of all the isolates. Findings also revealed a varied minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) indicating that the isolates were of different strains. Antibiotic susceptibility pattern also showed variability among the isolates. Conclusions: This study has revealed a potential health risk associated with the use of water recreational facilities. The presence of K pneumoniae and P aeruginosa suggests a public health concern and should be looked into.

Prevalence and Antibiogram of Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase Producing Gram-negative Bacteria Isolated from Septicemic Neonates in a Tertiary Care Hospital

KYAMC Journal ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 171-175
Author(s):  
Tania Rahman ◽  
Momtaz Begum ◽  
Sharmeen Sultana ◽  
SM Shamsuzzaman
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Beta Lactamase ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Esbl Producers

Background: In recent years, Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing microorganisms have complicated treatment of infections due to resistance of ESBL producing strains to a wide range of antimicrobials. Objective: Target of this study was to determine the prevalence of ESBL producing gramnegative bacteria in neonatal sepsis cases and to reveal the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of those isolated ESBL producers. Materials and Methods: This cross sectional study was carried out in Dhaka Medical College Hospital (DMCH) over a period of 12 months from January to December in 2016. Following isolation and identification of gram-negative bacteria from blood samples of suspected septicemic neonates, antimicrobial susceptibility test was performed by Kirby Bauer disk-diffusion method and ESBL producers were detected by Double Disk Synergy (DDS) test. Results: Among 52 Gram-negative bacteria isolated from 106 blood samples, 34.61% ESBL producers were detected and Enterobacter spp. (45%) was predominant followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (33.33%). None of the ESBL producers was resistant to colistin and tigecycline. All ESBL producing Acinetobacter baumannii, 77.78% and 66.67% of ESBL producing Enterobacter spp and Klebsiella spp. respectively showed resistance to meropenem. All ESBL producers were resistant to piperacillintazobactam. Conclusion: Appropriate measures should be taken to prevent the spread of ESBL producing strains by combining strategies for infection prevention, control and rational use of antibiotics. KYAMC Journal Vol. 11, No.-4, January 2021, Page 171-175

scholarly journals “ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF LACTOSE AND NON- LACTOSE FERMENTING BACTERIA FROM TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL AND THEIR ANTIMICROBIAL SUSCEPTIBILITY TEST”

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 201
Author(s):  
Kumud Bala ◽  
Ridhima Wadhwa ◽  
Rachana Bohra
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Susceptibility Test ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Disc Diffusion ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Fermenting Bacteria ◽  
Vitek 2

Objective: The purpose of the present study was to identify the fermenting and non-fermenting gram negative bacteria from the tertiary care hospital.Methods: The conventional method of identification by biochemical analysis and antibiotic susceptibility test was performed by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. Furthermore, analysis of microbes was done by Vitek-2.Results: 424strains of lactose fermenting and non-lactose fermenting gram negative bacilli were isolated from 3097 clinical samples. From the total lactose fermenting bacteria Escherichia coli was the predominant isolate accounting for 50.94% specimens, followed by Klebsiella pneumonia 27.59% and Enterobacter 0.47%. From the total non-lactose fermenting gram negative bacilli Acinetobacter baumannii was the predominant isolate accounting for 12.73% specimens followed by Pseudomonas aeroginosa 6.13%, other isolates were Stenotrophomonas maltophilia 1.17% , Burkholderia cepacia 0.94%. In the present study male were more infected than female. The study also showed that lactose fermenting bacteria were more infectious than non lactose-fermenting bacteria and isolates were from urine samples.Conclusion: Both Non-Lactose Fermenting Gram Negative Bacilli and Lactose Fermenting Gram Negative Bacilli were found to be major contaminants, and are important pathogenic bacteria causing wide range of infections in the tertiary care hospital.Keywords: Lactose fermenting gram negative bacteria, Vitek-2, Tertiary Care Hospital, Kirby-Bauer Disc Diffusion, Lactose non-fermenting gram negative bacteria  

scholarly journals Aerobacterial Vaginosis among Women Attending an Infertility Clinic at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Chennai, India and Susceptibility Pattern of Isolates

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abigail R. Sopia ◽  
Pushpa Innocent D. Joseph ◽  
M. Kalyani ◽  
B. Ananthi ◽  
Suresh Dhanaraj ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Protein Synthesis Inhibitors ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative

Genital infections and subsequent vaginosis diagnosed through high vaginal swab in women is caused due to fungi or bacteria. The presented study focused on determining the types, numbers and antibacterial susceptibility pattern of aerobic bacteria causing vaginosis in 147 female patients attending infertility centre in Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. Candida spp. caused 17% of infections with 15.7% of vaginosis caused by E.coli, Klebsiella spp., Acinetobacter spp., Citrobacter spp. and Gram positive cocci – Methicillin Sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA), Coagulase Negative Staphylococci(CONS), Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus spp. causing 12.9% of vaginitis in the study population. A total of 20 different antibiotics – cell wall inhibitors, protein synthesis inhibitors and nucleic acid synthesis inhibitors; were tested to determine the response of bacterial isolates by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. The study result determined that the most effective drug for treating Gram positive bacterial vaginitis as per CLSI guidelines based on susceptibility pattern as: Linezolid(100%), Gentamycin(91.6%), Amikacin(87.5%),Erythromycin(79.2%), Co-Trimoxazole(72.2%), Ciprofloxacin(65.6%) and least Chloramphenicol(44.3%). High level gentamycin(83.3%) was found to be effective in treating Enterococci. The descending order of susceptibility of Gram negative aerobacteria causing vaginitis as per CLSI guidelines are: Amikacin(87.5%), Gentamycin(82.5%), Cefoperazone sulbactam (76.3%), Ciprofloxacin(68.5%), Ceftazidime(62.5%) and least Amoxyclav(25%).All Gram negative bacteria tested were susceptible to– Imipenem and Meropenem as well as Chloramphenicol. Ceftriaxone (87.5%) and Nitrofurantoin(72.3%) among other antibiotics was effective against Gram negative bacteria while all Enterobacteriaceae members were found to be resistant to tetracycline.

scholarly journals ANTIMICROBIAL SUSCEPTIBILITY;

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (03) ◽  
Author(s):  
Javeria Gul ◽  
Iffat Javed ◽  
Sohaila Mushtaq ◽  
Muhammad Saeed Anwar
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Clinical Specimen ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Medical Institute ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Pathology Department

Background: The emergence and spread of antibiotic resistant bacteria causing infection is a great health issue for clinicians. The problem of multidrug resistant (i.e. resistant to at least three groups of antimicrobial) is becoming more and more threatening. The rate of resistance among Gram negative bacteria especially non fermenters are increasing to all available antibiotic groups. Objectives: The aim of study was to detect the pattern of antimicrobial susceptibility in non-fermenter Gram negative bacilli (NFGNB) in a tertiary care hospital (Postgraduate Medical Institute, Lahore). Study Design: Descriptive study. Settings: The study was conducted in Pathology Department, Postgraduate medical institute (PGMI), Lahore. Study Period: Six months from August 2014 to December 2014. Material and Methods: Non-fermenter Gram negative bacteria were collected from various clinical specimen including blood, pus, urine, fluid aspirates and respiratory tract in a period of six months in pathology department, PGMI. All non-fermenter Gram negative isolates were identified up to species level by standard laboratory procedures using API (Analytical profile index) 20 NE (non-enterobacteriaceae). Antimicrobial susceptibility testing of non-fermenter Gram negative isolates were performed by modified Kirby Bauer disk diffusion method as recommended in CLSI. Results: Out of the total 51 samples the most commonly isolated NFGNB were Acinetobacterbaumanni and Burkholderiacepacia (16 each) followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (7), Pseudomonas luteola (5), Stenotrophomonasmaltophilia (4), Pseudomonas fluorescens (2) and Pseudomonas stutzeri(1). Conclusion: The study showed that rate of multidrug resistance increased in non-fermenter Gram negative organisms.

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