scholarly journals Multistate Models for the Analysis of Time to Type II Chronic Diabetic Complications in Debre Markos Referral Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muluye Getie Ayaneh ◽  
Ashagrie Sharew Iyasu
Keyword(s):  
Type Ii Diabetes ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Microvascular Complications ◽  
Type Ii Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Northwest Ethiopia ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Ratio Test ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Multistate Models ◽  
Baseline Serum

Introduction: Diabetes is a chronic, non-communicable disease characterized by elevated blood glucose levels. The purpose of this study was to jointly model the transition of diabetic patients in a series of clinical states and to assess the relationship between each state and different patient characteristics. Methods: A hospital-based retrospective study was conducted on 524 patients with type II diabetes, aged 18 years or older, who attended their medication between January 1, 2005, and December 31, 2017. Multistate models with different assumptions were considered to explore the effects of different prognostic factors on the transition intensity of type II diabetes mellitus patients. Results: During a median follow-up time of 7.4 years (Inter-Quartile Range=4.01), 54.8% of diabetic patients developed either microvascular or macrovascular complications, and 10.5% of them experienced both microand macrocomplications, and 16.66% of diabetes patients died. The assumption Markov was assessed by using the likelihood ratio test showed that Markov assumption was not held just for the transition. The transition rate of patients from the macrovascular state to the death state was affected by the residence of the patients (P=0.05) and age at diagnosis (p=0.01). The transition rates of patients with microvascular complications to death were significantly affected by baseline triglyceride level (P<0.001), age at first diagnosis (P=0.01), baseline glucose level (P=0.03, and baseline serum creatinine level (P=0.04). Conclusion: The semi-Markov model fitted the data well and could be used as a convenient model for the analysis of time to diabetes-related complications or death.

scholarly journals Associations of Demographic, Clinical and Laboratory Profiles of Patients with type II Diabetes Mellitus with its Microvascular Complications in Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mamunur Rashid ◽  
Abdul Mukit ◽  
Khawza Iftekhar Uddin Ahmed ◽  
Raqibul Mostafa ◽  
Sharmin Parveen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type Ii Diabetes ◽  
Microvascular Complications ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Type Ii Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cardiac Autonomic Neuropathy ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the associations of makers from demographic, clinical, and laboratory profiles with microvascular complications in a cohort of type II diabetic population in Bangladesh. Methods: In this cross-sectional study 103 participants [47 Men and 56 Women; Age 40~70 years] having type II diabetes for more than 10 years were randomly recruited during their routine visits to a major Diabetic Hospital in Dhaka, Bangladesh. The associations of prevalence of microvascular complications [Cardiac Autonomic Neuropathy(CAN), Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy(DPN), Diabetic Nephropathy(Nep), Diabetic Retinopathy(Ret)] with demographic, clinical, and laboratory profiles were assessed by multivariate logistic regression (p<0.05 and Odds ratio (OR)> 1.0). Results: The prevalence rates of CAN, DPN, Ret and Nep were 68%, 43.69%, 6.8%, and 4.8% respectively. The overall prevalence of diabetic-associated microvascular complication is 94.36% in this cohort of diabetic patients. BMI (p=0.0330, OR=1.90) and HbA1c (p=0.0535, OR=3.08) were found to be the most significant risk factors in the development of all microvascular complications. However, HbA1c for CAN; HbA1c, Microalbuminuria and Urinary creatinine for DPN; years of Diabetes, Systolic blood pressure and albumin creatinine ratio for Nep, HbA1c and Microalbuminuria for Ret were found to be most significantly associated in this Diabetes patients’ cohort. Conclusion: The proportion of microvascular complications was found to be significantly high among patients with Type II diabetes mellitus in this cohort. Controlling HbA1c could help reduce all four types of complications. However, controlling microalbuminuria could prevent DPN and Ret. This emphasizes the need for screening and prevention program toward early, symptomless identification of type II diabetes microvascular complications.

scholarly journals Correlation of microalbuminuria with neuropathy in type-II diabetes mellitus patients

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 1143
Author(s):  
P. K. Bariha ◽  
K. M. Tudu ◽  
Shiny Thomas Kujur
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type Ii Diabetes ◽  
Microvascular Complications ◽  
Type Ii Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Motor Neuropathy ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Factor Evaluation ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Microvascular And Macrovascular Complications

Background: The microvascular and macrovascular complications in diabetes mellitus resulting in microalbuminuria and diabetic neuropathy in common in developing country like India. The aim of the study has been undertaken to emphasis upon the association of microalbuminuria with neuropathy.Methods: The study was undertaken among 124 Type-II diabetes patients in the Department of Medicine, VIMSAR, Burla, Odisha between October 2015 to September 2017. Detail history, clinical examination, BMI, laboratory investigation like FBS, PPBS, HbA1C, nerve conduction study was done, and data were analysed and compiled.Results: Out of 124 patients the mean age of male patients in the study was 49.75 years and that of female patients was 50.36 years. The mean age of the study population was 50.18 years. The mean BMI in patients with and without microalbuminuria was 23.95±2.04kg/m2 and 21.57±2.89kg/m2 respectively. The mean HbA1C value in patients with and without microalbuminuria was 9.96±3.380 and 8.75±3.25 respectively.Conclusions: Microalbuminuria is significantly associated with presence of neuropathy. The most common type of neuropathy observed in this study was distal symmetrical sensory motor neuropathy. Hence, microalbuminuria has an important role as a biochemical marker for risk factor evaluation of microvascular complications in type 2 diabetes mellitus.

scholarly journals Antioxidant status in type ii diabetes mellitus patients with or without microvascular complications

2007 ◽  
Vol 135 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 143-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nada Kostic ◽  
Zorica Caparevic ◽  
Sanja Ilic
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type Ii Diabetes ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Type Ii Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Antioxidant Systems ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Compensatory Mechanism ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Pai 1

Introduction. Lipid peroxidation and antioxidant systems are important factors affecting the metabolism of lipoproteins in diabetes mellitus. Objective. The aim of this study was to investigate the lipid and antioxidant parameters in type II diabetes mellitus patients, and also to determine the effect of diabetic complications on these parameters. Method. Lipid status, Oxidized LDL cholesterol, glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI-1) levels in plasma of 50 type II diabetic patients were measured with commercially available kits. Results. The results showed only statistically significant higher levels of triglycerides (3.12?3.9 mmol/l) in diabetics compared with the controls. Ox-LDL cholesterol (84.7?16.9 mmol/l) and SOD activities (913.4?120.3 U/gHb) in type 2 diabetes mellitus were higher than those of the controls, but there was no statistical significance. On the other hand, in patients with diabetes mellitus and complications, LDL cholesterol, PAI-1, SOD and GSH-Px activities were higher but not significantly than those without complications. Triglycerides and Ox-LDL cholesterol were lower in the group of diabetic patients with complications in comparison to the group without complications. Conclusion. These results indicate that antioxidant status may be affected in type II diabetic patients and that the rise in some enzyme activities could be a compensatory mechanism to prevent tissue damage. Our results suggest that the rise in PAI-1 in type II diabetics with complications may be a good marker of vascular endothelial dysfunction.

scholarly journals A Study on Serum Uric Acid Level in Type II Diabetes Mellitus

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. 2317-2319
Author(s):  
Kashif Ali Samin ◽  
Khalil Ullah ◽  
Muhammad Ikram Shah ◽  
Abidamateen Ansari ◽  
Sadia Khalil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Serum Uric Acid ◽  
Uric Acid Level ◽  
Type Ii Diabetes ◽  
Acid Level ◽  
Serum Uric Acid Level ◽  
Type Ii Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type Ii

Background and Aim: Morbidity and mortality from non-communicable diseases, particularly diabetes are increasing rapidly in Pakistan, the prevalence has reached 17.1%. A strong association has been witnessed between type II diabetes mellitus with atherosclerosis and serum uric acid level. The current study aim was to assess the levels of serum uric acid in type II diabetes mellitus. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out on 85 diagnosed patients of type II diabetes mellitus in Diabetes hospital, Peshawar and the Department of General Medicine, Shaikh Zayed Medical Complex, Lahore during the period from March 2020 to August 2020.Type II diabetes mellitus (DM) diagnosed patients 85 and healthy control 30 were evaluated in this study. The level of hyperuricemia was defined for women > 6 mg/dl and men >7 mg/dl in men. Results: In this study, a total of 85 diabetic diagnosed patients and 30 healthy controls were enrolled. No significant differences were there in the baseline characteristics like anthropometric and socio-demographic parameters. The mean age for diagnosed and control cases was 58.6±8.7 and 56.5±7.6 years with an age range of 40 and 80 years. Hyperuricemia proportion among diabetic patients was 12.13% while none of the control cases had hyperuricemia. The uric acid means level increased from 4.29±0.81 mg/dl with a diabetic duration between 3 and 4 years to 4.59±0.99 mg/dl with a diabetic duration of 5 to 7 years. Furthermore, mean serum uric acid level reached 6.50±1.08 in cases with diabetic duration 8 to 12 years. Statistically, a significant association was found between diabetic duration and serum uric acid. Also, a positive correlation was found in hyperlipidemia, serum uric acid levels, and hypertension. Conclusion: In diabetic patients serum uric acid levels were found to be significantly higher. Diabetic patients had hypertension, elevated serum uric acid levels, and high triglycerides with dyslipidemia. The rise in serum uric acid levels is proportional to the duration of diabetes. Keywords: Serum uric acid, Type 2 diabetes mellitus, Hypertension

scholarly journals Elevated serum uric acid and triglycerides level in the patients with Type II Diabetes Mellitus- a Nepalese case control study

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 26-34
Author(s):  
Hridaya Parajuli ◽  
Jyotsna Shakya ◽  
Bashu Dev Pardhe ◽  
Puspa Raj Khanal ◽  
Narayan Prasad Parajuli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Serum Uric Acid ◽  
Type Ii Diabetes ◽  
Type Ii Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Hyperuricemia is associated with type 2 diabetes, which is a metabolic disorder of multiple etiologies resulting from defects in insulin action. The present study wascarried out to look for any association between uric acid and Type II Diabetes Mellitus and also status of triacylglycerol level among those patients.Methods: The blood samples were collected 100 diabetic and 100 non-diabetic individuals in the department of biochemistry and then analyzed for estimation of blood glucose, Uric Acid and Triacylglycerol level.Results: The average level of serum uric acid in diabetic patients was higher (5.706±1.617) in comparison to non diabetic subjects (4.322±0.784) with statistically significant difference (p≤0.05). For female the result indicate there was a positive correlation between (FBS and triglycerides) and (triglycerides and uric acids) which was statistically significant (r =-0.465, n = 41, p = 0.002) and(r =-0.370, n = 41, p = 0.017) respectively.Conclusions: This study documents that hyperuricemia is associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Furthermore, the serum triacylglycerol and serum uric acid is also found to be associated risk factors for diabetic complications. Hence, timely diagnosis and management of diabetes is vital to control the complications related to diabetes.Ann. Clin. Chem. Lab. Med. 2016:2(1); 26-34

scholarly journals Comparison of Inflammatory Markers like C - Reactive Protein, Total Leukocyte Count and Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate in Type II Diabetes Mellitus

2018 ◽  
Vol 08 (01) ◽  
pp. 11-14
Author(s):  
Aditya Mungamuri ◽  
Sunil Kumar Y. ◽  
Suchetha Kumari N. ◽  
Ullal Harshini Devi
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type Ii Diabetes ◽  
Inflammatory Markers ◽  
Leukocyte Count ◽  
Type Ii Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Total Leukocyte Count ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Antidiabetic Treatment ◽  
Normal Individuals

Abstract Background: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) has become an epidemic in the 21st century where India leads the world with largest number of patients. There is increasing evidence that inflammation is closely involved in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes and associated complications such as dyslipidaemia and atherosclerosis. Many previous studies indicate inflammatory markers like CRP, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-alpha, fibrinogen, total sialic acid, ceruloplasmin and total leucocyte count (TLC) are raised in Type II Diabetes Mellitus. However, not many studies have done association of ESR and TLC in DM. Aims: In the present study inflammatory markers like CRP, total leukocyte count and ESR were compared in diabetic and non-diabetic patients. Materials and Methods: 5mL of venous blood was taken from the study subjects.CRP, TLC and ESR was estimated. Results: There was a significant rise in the CRP, TLC and ESR values seen in patients diagnosed with type II diabetes mellitus when compared to normal individuals. All three parameters (CRP, TLC, and ESR) were raised in a total of 7 cases (14%). 14 cases (28%) showed elevated levels of both CRP and ESR. A significant 8 cases (16%) showed elevation of CRP alone. There was a rise of ESR alone in 5 cases (10%). Conclusion: CRP, TLC and ESR are elevated in diabetic patients in comparison to normal individuals. These increase the risk of diabetic related complications like atherosclerosis and dyslipaedemia. Hence, anti-inflammatory drugs in combination with antidiabetic treatment can delay these complications.

Study of Association between Microalbuminuria and Microvascular Complications in Type II Diabetes Mellitus Patients in RajaRajeswari Medical College and Hospital, Karnataka

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-10
Author(s):  
N Bhavya ◽  
V Ajith Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Type Ii Diabetes ◽  
Microvascular Complications ◽  
Vascular Complications ◽  
Type Ii Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Duration Of Diabetes ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Increased Risk

ABSTRACT Introduction India is claimed to be the diabetes capital of the world. Many studies had proven that persistent hyperglycemia and associated metabolic syndrome features like hypertension, dyslipidemia, and obesity contribute to the development of vascular complications. The risk of chronic complications increases as a function of the duration of hyperglycemia; they usually become apparent in the second decade of hyperglycemia. Since type II diabetes mellitus (DM) often has a long asymptomatic period of hyperglycemia, many individuals with type II DM have complications at the time of diagnosis. The vascular complications of DM are subdivided into microvascular (retinopathy, neuropathy, nephropathy) and macrovascular (coronary artery disease, peripheral arterial disease, cerebro-vascular disease) complications. The present study aims to study the occurrence of microalbuminuria in patients with type II DM and note its association with the duration of diabetes since diagnosis and microvascular complications of DM. Study design Prospective observational study. Materials and methods The study is a clinical, prospective, and observational study of 100 type II diabetics attending the medicine department outpatient/inpatient of RajaRajeswari Medical College & Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India, who form the subjects for the study conducted from August 2015 to July 2016 (12 months) and who matched the inclusion criteria. Data were collected after obtaining informed/written consent from patient. After detailed history, detailed clinical examination, and general physical and systemic examinations, fundoscopy was carried out and relevant laboratory investigations were done. Results and conclusion The overall occurrence of microalbuminuria was 38%. The occurrence of microalbuminuria showed a direct relationship with increasing age (p = 0.053) and increasing duration of diabetes since diagnosis. A hemoglobin (Hb)A1c value above 7% is associated with 50% or higher incidence of microalbuminuria (p = 0.018). Patients with a body mass index of more than 25kg/m2 have increased risk of developing type II DM and significant increase in microalbuminuria. The incidence of microalbuminuria is significantly associated with How to cite this article Bhavya N, Kumar VA. A Study of Association between Microalbuminuria and Microvascular Complications in Type II Diabetes Mellitus Patients in RajaRajeswari Medical College and Hospital, Karnataka. J Med Sci 2017;3(1):6-10.

To Study the Effect of Type II Diabetes Mellitus and Its Duration on Hearing

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 140-143
Author(s):  
Sameer Aggarwal ◽  
Vikas Kakkar ◽  
Chandni Sharma ◽  
Surender Bishnoi ◽  
Ankit Gulati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Type Ii Diabetes ◽  
Pure Tone Audiometry ◽  
Type Ii Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Group I

ABSTRACT Objective This study has been undertaken to study the effect of type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and its duration on hearing. Materials and methods The present study was conducted on 100 persons of age group 20 to 45 years. All subjects included in the study were divided into two groups. Group I: 50 patients suffering from T2DM (fasting blood sugar ≥ 126 mg/dL and postprandial ≥ 200 mg/dL) of either sex, in the age group of 20 to 45 years. Group II: 50 healthy volunteers in the age group of 20 to 45 years, of either sex were included in control group. Hearing assessment was done by using pure tone audiometry (PTA). Results In diabetic patients, the mean threshold in the PTA was higher at all frequencies as compared with healthy controls, and there was a positive correlation between the duration of diabetes and hearing loss. Conclusion Various audiological investigations have revealed that there is a strong association of diabetes with sensorineural part. The prevalence of sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) in type II diabetics observed was 64%. In the majority of the patients, the hearing loss was bilateral, affecting mid and higher frequencies from 2 to 8 kHz. Hence, to conclude, we can say that the high prevalence of hearing loss in T2DM supports the importance of audiometric evaluation in such patients. How to cite this article Gulati A, Kakkar V, Aggarwal S, Sharma C, Panchal V, Pareek M, Bishnoi S. To Study the Effect of Type II Diabetes Mellitus and Its Duration on Hearing. Int J Adv Integ Med Sci 2017;2(3):140-143.

Study of Prevalence of Hypomagnesemia in Patients with Type II Diabetes Mellitus

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 55-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
NH Rekha ◽  
MS Bharath ◽  
SP Channakeshava
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type Ii Diabetes ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Serum Magnesium ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Type Ii Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Medical College

ABSTRACT Introduction Diabetes mellitus is a common metabolic disorder. Prevalence of diabetes is increasing globally and it is one of the major health problems of the 21st century. The disturbance in serum magnesium (SMg) has been reported among patients with type II diabetes mellitus. Hypomagnesemia has negative impact on glucose homeostasis and insulin sensitivity in patients with type II diabetes mellitus. Aim This study was undertaken to know the prevalence of hypomagnesemia in patients with type II diabetes mellitus and its relation with glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c). The study was conducted on 200 patients with type II diabetes and 100 healthy controls at RajaRajeswari Medical College & Hospital, Bengaluru. Results Out of 200 diabetic patients, 115 (57%) had hypomagnesemia. We observed mean SMg (1.7 mg) significantly low in diabetic patients compared with controls (2.1 mg). We also found HbA1c was high (9%) in hypomagnesemia patients. We found that diabetic hypomagnesemic patients had high mean fasting blood glucose (242.6 mg%) and postprandial blood sugar (313 mg%) than controls. How to cite this article Rekha NH, Bharath MS, Channakeshava SP. Study of Prevalence of Hypomagnesemia in Patients with Type II Diabetes Mellitus. J Med Sci 2017;3(2):55-58.

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