A Study of the Social Factors Related to Divorce among Divorce Applicants in Yazd

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akbar Zare Shahabadi ◽  
Fatemeh Teymouri
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Skills Training ◽  
Fundamental Solutions ◽  
Measurement Tool ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Social Phenomena ◽  
Statistical Population ◽  
The Social ◽  
And Gender

Introduction: As a social phenomenon of the present age, Divorce as one of the social phenomena of the present age has many obvious and hidden factors practical and fundamental solutions have been proposed to reduce and deal with this issue by examining and recognizing these factors in each society. This study was carried out to identify the social factors related to the demand for divorce in Yazd. Methods: The present study was conducted by survey technique. The statistical population included the couples seeking divorce referred to the judiciary of Yazd in the period of 2011-2017, the sample size of 110 people was selected by random sampling method based on Cochran's formula, a researcher-made questionnaire was used as the measurement tool whose validity was measured by Formal validity and reliability by Cronbach's alpha. Results: According to the findings, the respondents believed that the three variables of domestic violence, interference of others and the level of spouses' participation in household work had great roles in the demand for divorce. There is also a significant relationship between age and gender, and variables of domestic violence, spouse's family interference and spouse's participation in household. 18.9% of the variance of the dependent variable (Divorce) is explained by the variables of gender, education, family past. Conclusion: It is necessary to provide life skills training and free counseling to couples and families in this regard in order to prevent failed marriages and marital problems and develop strong relationships. Besides, it is necessary for the mass media to raise awareness, give information to people, and promote rational, spiritual and easy marriages.

The Tinder Games: Collective mobile dating app use and gender conforming behavior

2021 ◽  
pp. 205015792110050
Author(s):  
Sabrina Sobieraj ◽  
Lee Humphreys
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Focus Group ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Social Phenomena ◽  
Social Nature ◽  
Dating Apps ◽  
The Social ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Multi Phase ◽  
Gender Specific

Mobile dating apps like Tinder became very popular among young adults, and, in contrast to mobile dating websites, they were designed to create a more game-like experience. While it is well documented that seeking entertainment is one core motivation for mobile dating app use, the social nature of entertainment has garnered less attention. Therefore, in this paper we draw on research on entertainment in dating apps and the socio-physical contexts of use to identify patterned behaviors of heterosexual users. To do this, we employed a qualitative multi-phase research approach. First, we conducted 20 interviews with mobile dating app users. Based on the findings from that study, we conducted gender-specific focus groups and a discourse analysis to explore the social phenomena identified in phase one. Our findings suggest the fun of mobile dating is not just interacting with potential matches through the apps, but the use of the apps among one’s friends. These “dating games” are entertaining, but importantly mitigate potential social or physical risks of mobile dating. Unsurprisingly, notions of “play” across the interview, focus group, and discourse analyses reflect highly gendered practices surrounding mobile dating apps and different risks associated with such games.

Factors that affect entomophagical practices in Ghana

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.J. Anankware ◽  
E.A. Osekre ◽  
D. Obeng-Ofori ◽  
C.M. Khamala
Keyword(s):  
Social Factors ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Ecological Factors ◽  
Insect Species ◽  
Edible Insects ◽  
The Social ◽  
Gender Education ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Religious Reasons

This study evaluated the social and ecological factors that affect entomophagy in Ghana with a view to instigate the initiation of programmes for the use of insects for human and poultry nutrition in Africa. Two thousand questionnaires were administered to randomly selected respondents in all the ten regions of Ghana. With regards to social factors, entomophagy was found to be influenced by age, gender, education and occupation. Entomophagy is practiced across all age groups and gender in Ghana. Proportionally, 90, 78 and 74% of the aged (60+), middle aged (31-50) and the youth (18-30), respectively, were observed to consume various insect species. Ecologically, entomophagy was more pronounced in rural than urban areas. Over 87% of respondents who consume edible insects acquire them through harvesting/trapping. Four insect species were identified as feed for animals. The majority (81.6%) of the respondents consume insects as a source of protein, 9.6% for cultural reasons, 5.6% for medicinal values and 3.0 and 0.2%, respectively, for recreational and religious reasons. Gender has the least influence on entomophagy. Considering the economic, ecological and nutritional importance of edible insects in traditional Ghanaian foods, attention should be given to sustainable environmental harvesting practices.

scholarly journals Examining virtual identity profiles of social network users with respect to certain variables

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 427-464
Author(s):  
Esra Barut Tuğtekin ◽  
Özcan Özgür Dursun
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Social Network ◽  
Identity Management ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Research Data ◽  
Total Variance ◽  
Measurement Tool ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Cronbach Alpha ◽  
The Social

In the present study, a measurement tool was developed to determine the virtual identities of social network users, and the virtual identities of these social network users were examined with respect to gender, time spent on social networks, number of their social network profiles and visibility using the relational survey model. The study was carried out with a total of 671 social network users, 252 females and 419 males. The research data were collected using the Social Network Identity Management Scale developed within the scope of the study. The five-point Likert-type scale made up of four factors and 23 items was found to explain 55.29 % of the total variance (Cronbach Alpha =.93). At the end of the research process, a 23-item Social Network Identity Management Scale’s validity and reliability were confirmed. The finding obtained in the study demonstrated that the virtual identities of the users with more than one profile differed within the context of such sub-dimensions of the scale as liking and privacy. In addition, it was found that the changes in the virtual identities increased depending on the time spent on social networks.

scholarly journals Sociolinguistic variation of parameters of oral spontaneous text

2021 ◽  
pp. 169-182
Author(s):  
Ekaterina S. Khudyakova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Modeling ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Average Length ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Sociolinguistic Variation ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
Variation Of Parameters ◽  
The Social ◽  
Factor Type ◽  
And Gender

The article examines the social factors influence on prosodic manifestation of syntactic and macrosyntactic units. The data collected during suprasegmental analysis of spontaneous speech are used, which are directly related to the syntactic level, namely: the average length of a phrase in words and in syntagmas and the average length of a syntagma in phonetic words, as well as parameters associated with the design of the whole text: the number of composition blocks in the text, their length in phrases, the length of the whole text in phrases and words. The results of statistical modeling of the influence of the factors "age", "type of education", "level of education" and "gender" clearly indicate that the factors "type of education" and "gender" significantly influence the variation of syntactic and macrosyntactic parameters of an oral text. The factor "type of education" significantly affects the number of phrases in the text and the length of the text block in phrases – both parameters are significantly higher for the speakers who specialize in Humanities compared to those who specialize in Sciences. The length of the syntagma depends on the speaker’ gender – syntagmas produced by male speakers are longer.

scholarly journals Developing Scale for Determining the Social Participation Skills for Children and Analyzing Its Psychometric Characteristics

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 92
Author(s):  
Osman Samanci ◽  
Ebru Ocakci ◽  
Ismail Secer
Keyword(s):  
Social Participation ◽  
Model Fit ◽  
Measurement Tool ◽  
Factor Analyses ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
School Students ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
The Social ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Descriptive Survey

The purpose of this research is to conduct validity and reliability studies of the Scale for the Determining Social Participation for Children, developed to measure social participation skills of children aged 7-10 years. During the development of the scale, pilot schemes, validity analyzes, and reliability analyzes were conducted. In this context, the research was carried out with a total of 472 elementary school students in the ages of 7-10 years using the descriptive survey model. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were performed to examine the factor structure of the scale and it was determined that the scale had a structure consisting of 16 items and one dimension and that this model had a good level of model fit. In order to examine the reliability of the scale, internal consistency and split-half reliability analyzes were performed and it was found that the scale had sufficient reliability. It can be said that the Scale for the Determining Social Participation for Children is a reliable and valid measurement tool that can be used to measure the social participation skills of students aged 7-10 years.

scholarly journals Domestic Violence and Gender-Based Persecution: How Refugee Adjudicators Judge Women Seeking Refuge from Spousal Violence—and Why Reform Is Needed

Refuge ◽  
1969 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-164
Author(s):  
Constance MacIntosh
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Intimate Violence ◽  
Cultural Economic ◽  
Refugee Protection ◽  
Local Police ◽  
The Social ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Training And Support ◽  
State Protection

This report is an effort to address information gaps regarding how gendered claims are addressed by adjudicators at Canada’s Refugee Protection Division of the Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada (the RPD). It looks at one specific type of gendered claim: persecution through domestic or intimate violence. The study considers all the RPD decisions from 2004 to 2009 and judicial reviews from 2005 to 2009 that were reported in the Quicklaw LexisNexis service. These decisions are analyzed both quantitatively and qualitatively. This report finds adjudicators consistently identify domestic violence as a form of gendered persecution that can form a nexus to a convention ground. However, despite contrary directions from the Gender Guidelines, adjudicators often fail to recognize the social, cultural, economic, and psychological dynamics of domestic abuse as legally relevant for their assessment of state protection. There is a striking failure on this account when it comes to determining if it was reasonable to expect the claimant to seek state protection. This report presents data on factors such as the rates at which adjudicators consider the adequacy of women’s shelters and the responsiveness of local police to complaints. As well as identifying the frequency and grounds for which judicial reviews are granted, this report also presents a series of recommendations for reform. These recommendations identify where studies are needed, how the Gender Guidelines need reform to make them a helpful instrument, and how training and support for PRD adjudicators needs to be enhanced.

scholarly journals Social Networking Literacy Scale: A Study of Validity and Reliability

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-107
Author(s):  
Zeliha DEMİR KAYMAK ◽  
Özlem CANAN GÜNGÖREN ◽  
Özcan Erkan AKGÜN ◽  
Mübin KIYICI
Keyword(s):  
Social Networking ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Measurement Tool ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Cronbach’S Alpha ◽  
Application Form ◽  
Cronbach's Alpha ◽  
The Social ◽  
Efficient Measurement ◽  
Faculty Of Education

The concept of social networking literacy emerged with the advent of Web 2.0. This study aims to develop a scale to measure the social networking literacy proficiencies of individuals. An item pool was created after a thorough review of the literature and taking experts views, and then application form prepared. The scale was applied to students of the Faculty of Education of Sakarya University, and reliability and validity analyses were conducted on the data gathered from 313 students, using the SPSS 20 statistical software. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was used to examine the construct validity of the scale, and the internal consistency coefficient (Cronbach’s Alpha) was used to examine the reliability of the scale. The analyses conducted showed that the scale consisted of 40 items under a single factor which explained 61.179% of the total variance, and the Cronbach’s Alpha value calculated to examine the reliability of the scale was .98. In conclusion, analyses conducted to examine the reliability and the validity of the Social Networking Literacy Scale (SNLS) show that it is an efficient measurement tool to assess social networking literacy levels of the individuals.

Nuisance or discerning? The social construction of street hawkers in Ghana

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 102-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sam Sarpong ◽  
Ibrahim B. Nabubie
Keyword(s):  
Social Constructionism ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Social Bond ◽  
Social Phenomena ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Social Agent ◽  
The Poor ◽  
The Social

Purpose – The paper aims to focus on how the dualism “petty trading and traffic” exacerbates the development of a social bond among traders from various communities and ethnic groups in Ghana. As understood in their normal innocuous sense, “traffic and petty trading” independently mark off two generally distinguishable exclusive partners. However, both petty trading and traffic now denote essential aspects of contemporary Ghana’s new social order shared uniquely among informal traders. The paper dilates on this phenomenon. Design/methodology/approach – The theory underpinning this study is social constructionism. Social constructionism is part of a post-modern understanding of the nature of reality. It is a strand of sociology, pertaining to the ways in which social phenomena are created, institutionalised and made into tradition by humans. The core idea of constructionism, therefore, is that some social agent produces or controls some object. ’s (1967) situational constraints thesis also provides an important element to this paper. The thesis maintains that the poor in society are constrained by the facts of their situation; hence, the poor are unable to translate many of their ideals into reality in view of the considerable poverty that engulfs them. The thesis, reiterates that once the constraints of poverty are removed, the poor would have no difficulty adopting mainstream behavioural patterns and seizing available opportunities. The thesis is significant in exploring the objectives of this paper. Findings – The paper finds that petty trading has given its adherents a new wave of life. The picture that emerges is that, although street hawkers are seen as a nuisance, a failure in society and lacking knowledge, they have become mindful of what society thinks about them. As a result, some have devised means to cope with what they do and also to find new ways to address the challenges facing them. The findings confirmed that people are self-reflexive beings and that they shape their own behaviour despite the influence of a variety of social factors that may constrain them. The study found that street hawkers have found a way to make life more meaningful for themselves than are actually perceived. Originality/value – The paper seeks to discover the daily lives of petty traders, which have been stealthily tied in to urban development and planning. It brings a new dimension to the issue of petty trading. The fundamental argument of the paper is that the multidimensional nature of poverty is leading petty traders to a new consciousness which bodes well for them. These traders are shaping their own behaviour despite the influence of a variety of social factors that may constrain them. The social bond and interrelationship that permeate their working relationship has created a basis for which they now forge close ties that promote an inclusion from the exclusion that they are generally enjoined to.

scholarly journals Domestic violence: Evidence-based policies before and during the pandemic in Greece

Temida ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-23
Author(s):  
Vasiliki Artinopoulou
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Gender Based Violence ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Social ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Critical Aspects

Domestic violence and gender-based violence has been studied and recognised for many years in Greece. Adequate legislation on the criminalization of domestic violence has been implemented since 2006 (Law 3500/2006 on the Confrontation of Domestic Violence). A network of support services has also operated across the country for many years, staffed with professionals trained in the gender-sensitive perspective. However, Greece still faces the impact of the economic crisis that started in 2010 and the critical aspects of the crisis from the reduction of the public budget imposed by the European institutions in the lives of the individuals, the victims and the providers of the social services have not been fully assessed yet. The COVID-19 pandemic created problems in the victims? access to social services and not only. The shadow pandemic describes the alarm on the increase of domestic violence during the pandemic and the isolation of the victims from the providers of social and psychological support. Addressing both the issue of domestic violence through a victim-centered approach before and during the pandemic in Greece and the need for the implementation of evidence-based policies are the general aims of the paper. To this, we present few findings from an original victimological online research on domestic violence during the first lockdown in the country (March to May 2020) and we justify the need for the implementation of evidence-based policies in the criminal justice system in Greece.

scholarly journals The Social Policy of Combating Domestic Violence in Georgia and Lithuania

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (15) ◽  
pp. 56
Author(s):  
Lina Šumskaitė ◽  
Salome Namicheishvili
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Soviet Union ◽  
Women Victims ◽  
Gender Inequality ◽  
The Political ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Common ◽  
Victims Of Violence ◽  
And Gender ◽  
High Level

Domestic violence is perceived as one of the most severe violations of human rights and gender inequality. It has negative psychological, social and economic impact on the victim. In seeking to combat violence of an intimate partner, laws against domestic violence were implemented in many European countries. Two countries, Lithuania and Georgia, are compared in the article. Even if they have different locations and patriarchal traditions, the common past of belonging to Soviet Union unites them.The article compares the political measures and their impact on the solution of the domestic violence problem. Even the laws criminalizing domestic violence were implemented in 2006 in Georgia and in 2011 in Lithuania. The problem of domestic violence remains a top issue in both countries. The amount of reported domestic violence events maintains a high level; however, the investigated cases level remains low. Still, a high level of unreported domestic violence cases remain in both countries. Insufficient shelters for women victims of violence remain a problem in both countries.

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