Factors that affect entomophagical practices in Ghana

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.J. Anankware ◽  
E.A. Osekre ◽  
D. Obeng-Ofori ◽  
C.M. Khamala
Keyword(s):  
Social Factors ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Ecological Factors ◽  
Insect Species ◽  
Edible Insects ◽  
The Social ◽  
Gender Education ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Religious Reasons

This study evaluated the social and ecological factors that affect entomophagy in Ghana with a view to instigate the initiation of programmes for the use of insects for human and poultry nutrition in Africa. Two thousand questionnaires were administered to randomly selected respondents in all the ten regions of Ghana. With regards to social factors, entomophagy was found to be influenced by age, gender, education and occupation. Entomophagy is practiced across all age groups and gender in Ghana. Proportionally, 90, 78 and 74% of the aged (60+), middle aged (31-50) and the youth (18-30), respectively, were observed to consume various insect species. Ecologically, entomophagy was more pronounced in rural than urban areas. Over 87% of respondents who consume edible insects acquire them through harvesting/trapping. Four insect species were identified as feed for animals. The majority (81.6%) of the respondents consume insects as a source of protein, 9.6% for cultural reasons, 5.6% for medicinal values and 3.0 and 0.2%, respectively, for recreational and religious reasons. Gender has the least influence on entomophagy. Considering the economic, ecological and nutritional importance of edible insects in traditional Ghanaian foods, attention should be given to sustainable environmental harvesting practices.

scholarly journals Sociolinguistic variation of parameters of oral spontaneous text

2021 ◽  
pp. 169-182
Author(s):  
Ekaterina S. Khudyakova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Modeling ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Average Length ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Sociolinguistic Variation ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
Variation Of Parameters ◽  
The Social ◽  
Factor Type ◽  
And Gender

The article examines the social factors influence on prosodic manifestation of syntactic and macrosyntactic units. The data collected during suprasegmental analysis of spontaneous speech are used, which are directly related to the syntactic level, namely: the average length of a phrase in words and in syntagmas and the average length of a syntagma in phonetic words, as well as parameters associated with the design of the whole text: the number of composition blocks in the text, their length in phrases, the length of the whole text in phrases and words. The results of statistical modeling of the influence of the factors "age", "type of education", "level of education" and "gender" clearly indicate that the factors "type of education" and "gender" significantly influence the variation of syntactic and macrosyntactic parameters of an oral text. The factor "type of education" significantly affects the number of phrases in the text and the length of the text block in phrases – both parameters are significantly higher for the speakers who specialize in Humanities compared to those who specialize in Sciences. The length of the syntagma depends on the speaker’ gender – syntagmas produced by male speakers are longer.

scholarly journals Impact of Quality on Customers’ Buying Behaviour towards Point of Purchase Display with reference to Haryana

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sukhija Sunita ◽  
Sukhija Sunita
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Retail Industry ◽  
The Social ◽  
Point Of Purchase ◽  
Retail Outlets ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Buying Behaviour ◽  
Gender Groups ◽  
The Impact ◽  
One Way Anova

The present paper focuses on the impact of quality on customers’ buying behaviour towards point-of-purchase display at various retail outlets in Haryana. Point-of-Purchase Display plays an important role to increase the sale of the retailers. Today customers are rational and prefer quality products at reasonable price. Moreover, due to the emergence of the supermarkets as the dominant retail, the retail industry is experiencing vibrant changes all over the world. Retail industry in India has grown to be more complex and dynamic with an increase rate of speed from unorganized towards being organized. In this research paper data has been collected from 100 respondents and analysed with the help of Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) using one way ANOVA and t-test with demographic factors i.e. age-wise, gender-wise, occupation-wise and income-wise. . After analysing the data it was found that, there is neutral relationship in the opinion of different age groups and gender groups over the point-of-purchase display on quality. On the other hand Occupation and income does not have any importance on customers view point regarding ‘quality’. To conclude we can say that point-of-purchase display is not directly related to the quality.

Sociological Profiling of Armed Robbery Convicts in Kirikiri Female Prisons, Lagos, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-54
Author(s):  
Richard Abayomi Aborisade ◽  
Similade Fortune Oni
Keyword(s):  
Gender Discrimination ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Criminal Career ◽  
Armed Robbery ◽  
Case Examples ◽  
Feminine Gender ◽  
Gender Education ◽  
The Family ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
And Gender

AbstractIncreasing female involvement in violent crime is a concern in Nigeria; still, it is unclear what informs this sudden surge in a society that supposedly socializes feminine gender to be soft, caring, and compassionate. This article explores the sociological profiles of women involved in armed robbery, drawing case examples from 32 convicts in a Nigerian female penitentiary. It was found that women were made susceptible to deviance by some social factors such as familial variables, neighborhood characteristics, gender discrimination, neglect, and violence. Both primary and secondary social groups were found to be major facilitators in the initiation into crime, development of criminal career, entry into armed robbery, and maintenance of life as a robber. This article concludes that gender-based inequality in all social facets and the unfavorable socio-economic conditions in Nigeria increase the vulnerability of women to be recruited into criminality. A revival of the family institution, gender-neutral parenting, government’s intervention for improvement of socio-economic wellbeing, and gender education are suggested.

scholarly journals A multilevel analysis of the social determinants associated with symptoms of acute respiratory infection among preschool age children in Pakistan: A population-based survey

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. e0260658
Author(s):  
Oluwafunmilade Deji-Abiodun ◽  
David Ferrandiz-Mont ◽  
Vinod Mishra ◽  
Chi Chiao
Keyword(s):  
Child Health ◽  
Respiratory Infection ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Acute Respiratory Infection ◽  
Maternal Education ◽  
Preschool Age ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Social ◽  
Preschool Age Children

Background As advocated by WHO in “Closing the Health Gap in a Generation”, dramatic differences in child health are closely linked to degrees of social disadvantage, both within and between communities. Nevertheless, research has not examined whether child health inequalities include, but are not confined to, worse acute respiratory infection (ARI) symptoms among the socioeconomic disadvantaged in Pakistan. In addition to such disadvantages as the child’s gender, maternal education, and household poverty, the present study also examined the linkages between the community environment and ARI symptoms among Pakistan children under five. Furthermore, we have assessed gender contingencies related to the aforementioned associations. Methods Using data from the nationally representative 2017–2018 Pakistan Demographic and Health Survey, a total of 11,908 surviving preschool age children (0–59 months old) living in 561 communities were analyzed. We employed two-level multilevel logistic regressions to model the relationship between ARI symptoms and individual-level and community-level social factors. Results The social factors at individual and community levels were found to be significantly associated with an increased risk of the child suffering from ARI symptoms. A particularly higher risk was observed among girls who resided in urban areas (AOR = 1.42; p<0.01) and who had a birth order of three or greater. Discussions Our results underscore the need for socioeconomic interventions in Pakistan that are targeted at densely populated households and communities within urban areas, with a particular emphasis on out-migration, in order to improve unequal economic underdevelopment. This could be done by targeting improvements in socio-economic structures, including maternal education.

scholarly journals Modeling the Social Factors That Determine Sustainable Consumption Behavior in the Community of Madrid

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 2811 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edna Figueroa-García ◽  
Juan García-Machado ◽  
Diana Pérez-Bustamante Yábar
Keyword(s):  
Social Factors ◽  
Latent Variable ◽  
Sustainable Consumption ◽  
Market Conditions ◽  
Sustainable Products ◽  
Personal Consumption ◽  
The Social ◽  
Gender Education ◽  
Sustainable Behavior ◽  
The Individual

This paper defines the social factors that determine sustainable behavior and identifies the elements that promote such behavior. These factors are external from the individual and causal regarding sustainable behavior, an area that receives little attention in literature. It uses a theoretical model, based on existing research, which is tested through a questionnaire with 26 indicators adapted to the Spanish context. In an initial analysis, this model proposed, as determining social factors in the CCS, aspects such as government action, social pressure, influence of the social environment, demographic variables (age, gender, education level), education and information, and market conditions. Finally, it was concluded that 43.4% of the variance of the endogenous latent variable (SCC) can be explained only by three exogenous latent constructions: environmental influences (in particular the influence of family and friends, as well as that generated by cultural factors such as traditions), education and information (specifically related to information on sustainability and the effects of personal consumption on the environment), and market conditions (referring to the positive perception of sustainable products by consumers, including their willingness to pay higher prices than those of conventional products). The rest of the exogenous variables did not have a significant relationship with the endogenous variable. These results are very useful for government institutions, companies that operate in the sector and pro-environmental and pro-social groups, that knowing what motivates people to adopt this form of behavior can design relevant strategies to get positive answers about the environment, the economy and the society.

scholarly journals TRAVEL BEHAVIOUR IN SAUDI ARABIA AND THE ROLE OF SOCIAL FACTORS

Transport ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 269-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Attiyah Al-Atawi ◽  
Wafaa Saleh
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Waiting Times ◽  
Travel Behaviour ◽  
Discrete Choice Models ◽  
Transportation Systems ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
The Social ◽  
Travel Decisions

Travel behaviour research indicates that travel decisions are usually influenced by accessibility as well as characteristics of the transport systems. Factors such as travel times, travel costs, waiting times, walking times have the most significant contributions in mode choice and travel decisions. In the case of developing countries however, the most influencing factors for travel behaviour and decisions are the social factors. This is very important for transport modellers and decision makers to realise in order to achieve appropriate design and implementations of various transport policies. The influence of social and economic factors on travel behaviour are discussed and investigated in this paper. In Saudi Arabia, a randomly selected sample of 1220 households was interviewed in the Tabuk city of the Saudi Arabia and data on their socio-economic and trip-making behaviour was obtained. The relative impact of socioeconomic variables on household travel behaviour was discussed and discrete choice models were calibrated. These types of studies can be useful in the development of plans, programs and policies for the improvement of transportation systems in urban areas of the Saudi Arabia and other similar countries in the region. The findings show that the social factors have the most important impact on travel behaviour in Saudi Arabia.

scholarly journals Morphophonemic Variation in CaC-Initial Verb Structures in Kuwaiti Arabic

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 54
Author(s):  
Hanan A. Taqi
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Sociolinguistic Variation ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
History Of ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Modern Arabic

This study aims to investigate the linguistic and social factors influencing the realisation of the initial Modern Arabic verb form CaC-in Kuwaiti Arabic (KA). While very few studies have examined the sociolinguistic variation of the initial verb form CaC-in KA, this variable has been found to be produced in the speech of two Kuwaiti communities from different ethnic backgrounds, namely Najdi (from Saudi Arabia originally) and Ajami (from Iran originally). The aim is to analyse the realisation of CaC-forms as a reflection of ethnicity, age and gender in KA. Data were collected from 48 male and female Kuwaiti speakers from two ethnicities (Najdi and Ajami), three age groups (chosen according to relevant milestones in the history of Kuwait). Two main techniques were implemented to collect data in this study, namely spontaneous and controlled data. The investigation showed that there were significant differences in the realisation of the initial verb form CaC-in the two ethnicities and across age and gender. The study also showed that the CaC-form had less prestige than did the CiC-form, which is mostly found in the Najdi variety.

scholarly journals Name-giving variations in Kurdistan Province of Iran: An ethnic identity marker categorized

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 5-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abbas Eslami-Rasekh ◽  
Mohammad Ahmadvand
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Identity ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Civil Registration ◽  
Cultural Preferences ◽  
The Social ◽  
Physical Features ◽  
Diachronic Changes ◽  
Geographical Locations ◽  
Two Age Groups

Name-giving, in addition to being an act of designation or official registration, implies the cultural identity of name-givers. One obvious aspect is showing the social values and practices in an area. This study aims to explore the social factors which motivate namegiving among Kurdish ethnicity of Iran. The corpus of data for the analysis included the National Organization for Civil Registration of Iran, Kurdish websites, interviews, and questionnaires given to Kurdish citizens of Kurdistan. The important classifying variable is the socio-cultural preferences which were compared through using the frequency of different categories of names. The results of the study showed that ten categories would divide first names; the five most frequently used categories of names include: reference to ethical qualities, nature, geographical locations, ancient characters, and outer physical features respectively. Another goal of the study concerned the diachronic changes in namegiving which was carried out by comparing the most frequent names of two age groups: 60 years or older compared with the 25 years or younger. Interesting findings were uncovered which showed three trends of change among the Kurdish name-givers: a shift from common nationwide names towards ethnic Kurdish names, and sectarian to names referring to ethical qualities; additionally, a tendency was observed to move from combined name compounds to simple ones. The implications of these findings might be interpreted as name-givers’ preference for not only maintaining ethnic independence but also an observable desire to display a sense of unity.

scholarly journals Emotional Intelligence and Gender Differences: A Study among the Youth in Bangalore City, India

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mrs. Sudha A Rao ◽  
Dr. Komala M
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Bangalore City ◽  
Technical Competencies ◽  
The Difference ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Personal Success ◽  
Demographic Background

Emotional Intelligence (EI) plays a significant role in a person’s academic, professional and personal success. Youth, who are at the verge of entry into their professional lives, need to cultivate their EI that has now become the most essential skill for survival in an organisation along with the job-specific technical competencies. The aim of this study was to assess the EI among the youth of Bangalore city. The sample comprised 800 youth in the age group of 18 to 24 years, consisting 333 boys and 467 girls. Results revealed that overall EI among the youth was higher (115.90±30.91) than the normal range (68±16). Though the boys had slightly higher scores (116.92±31.45) than the girls (115.17±30.54), the difference was statically not significant. This may be due to similar socio-demographic background (family structure, religion, economic groups), up-bringing in urban areas and/or forward-looking culture in the region. With respect to age groups, mean difference was highly significant where older age group (22-24 years) had higher mean score (127.74±23.309) of EI than the younger (18-20 years) age group (72.95±20.589),confirming that EI develops with age.

scholarly journals Incidence and Prevalence of Crohn’s Disease and Ulerative Colitis (2013–2017) Based on the Latvian Nationwide Medicines Reimbursement Database

2020 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 138-143
Author(s):  
Irēna Mirzajanova ◽  
Santa Purviņa ◽  
Juris Pokrotnieks
Keyword(s):  
Crohn’S Disease ◽  
Crohn's Disease ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Rural Districts ◽  
Reimbursement Database ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Adjusted Incidence

AbstractInflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic, relapsing–remitting, inflammatory condition of the gastrointestinal tract which consists of Crohn’s disease (CD), ulcerative colitis (UC) and undifferentiated IBD. Epidemiology of IBD is changing worldwide, but a significant gap remains in the description of the IBD population in Latvia. The aim of the study was to determine the incidence and prevalence rates of IBD in Latvia in the period between 2013 and 2017. Retrospective analysis of reimbursed medicines claims for IBD diagnoses from the Latvian National Health Service database (NHS) was conducted for the period of 2012 to 2017. From CD patients, 53.7% were female and the area of residency strongly favoured urban areas vs rural districts of Latvia, 59.1% vs 40.9%, respectively. A similar demographic pattern was observed in UC patients, where 56.2% were female and 55.1% of the total UC population lived in urban areas. The overall age- and sex-adjusted incidence rates for CD and UC were 16.45 (CI95% [14.68, 18.21]) and 70.53 (CI95% [66.88, 74.19]) per 100 000 population, respectively, for the entire 2013–2017 period. The prevalence of CD and UC in 2012 was 12.4 and 54.8 cases per 100 000 persons, respectively, compared to 15.5 and 79.5 cases per 100 000 persons in CD and UC in 2017, resulting in a 25% increase in prevalence of CD and 41% increase in UC over the 5-year period. For the first time temporal trends in IBD incidence and prevalence as well as differences across age groups and gender over a five-year period are reported for Latvia.

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