scholarly journals An investigation of key market growth factors that influence the “luxurisation” of golf industry in China

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Congshan Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factors ◽  
Golf Course ◽  
Golf Courses ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Market Growth ◽  
Rapid Economic Growth ◽  
The World ◽  
Golf Industry ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
Depth Interviews

<p>This study aims to investigate the key market growth factors for golf development in China as a luxury product. After nearly 30 years of development, China now has the largest golf complex in the world and in recent years the market is growing at its fastest pace. Due to rapid economic growth and the emergence of a large number of wealthy people, it has been argued that the consumption of luxury will increase. However, little research has been carried out to answer the question why a foreign game could develop so robustly, and the key factors that have contributed to its growth in relation to its unique features.  Both questionnaire and in-depth interviews were adopted in the study. Valid questionnaire responses were collected from 213 golf managers in China. The results were supported by evidence from interviews with 5 experienced golf course managers who have worked in several golf courses around China. It is found that that the economic and cultural factors are the key market growth factors for the development of golf as a luxury product in China. The findings also discuss how political, economic, cultural, technological, geographic and environmental factors are influencing current and future golf development.</p>

scholarly journals GOLF COURSES AND THEIR IMPACT ON THE ENVIRONMENT

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (Suppl.1) ◽  
pp. 864-867
Author(s):  
Boyan Doytchev
Keyword(s):  
Golf Course ◽  
Golf Courses ◽  
The World ◽  
Environmental Norms ◽  
Ecological Culture

Golf is a popular and traditional sport in countries like Scotland, UK, USA, Canada, Japan, Australia, Germany, Denmark, etc. Over the last decades, it has gained increasing popularity in many countries around the world, established as tourist, spa recreation and sports destinations. Interest in the sport under discussion has progressively increased over the years. In this article, we only discuss golf courses and their impact on the environment. We will not comment on whether a given golf course is appropriate from a community perspective - a very important issue. This requires the construction of golf courses in accordance with environmental norms and policies, as well as with the development of the ecological culture of society.

scholarly journals Analysis of loyalty and future intentions of the users of the golf courses in Andalusia, Spain

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-199
Author(s):  
Marcos Pradas García ◽  
María José Maciá Andreu ◽  
Marta García-Tascón ◽  
Ana María Gallardo Guerrero
Keyword(s):  
Golf Course ◽  
Golf Courses ◽  
Tourism Destination ◽  
Vital Importance ◽  
Sports Organizations ◽  
Reliable Instrument ◽  
The Future ◽  
Golf Industry

Spain is a European leader as a golf tourism destination, and Andalusia is the region that receives the most tourism in this sector, boosting not only the golf industry but also the percentage of income overall. Thus, user loyalty and knowing the future intentions of users is a matter of vital importance in these sports organizations. This study analyses 636 users of 17 golf courses in Andalusia –73.43% men and 26.42% women– and with an average age of 50.2 ± 15.6. The results show that more than 70% of users would encourage their families to play on the golf course and recommend it in more than 75% of them. In conclusion, this study emphasises the need for the use of the adapted tool, as it is a valid and reliable instrument that guides on the aspects demanded by the user as well as how to build loyalty.

Auditing in the BRICs

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Rachelle Quinn
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Emerging Market ◽  
Geographic Location ◽  
Cultural Dimensions ◽  
Accounting Firms ◽  
Geographic Factors ◽  
Market Growth ◽  
The World ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
Big Four

The “Big Four” international accounting firms typically provide audit, tax, and advisory services throughout the world. Emerging market growth, specifically in the countries of Brazil, South Africa, and India, is expected to be significant in the upcoming years. In this paper, specific political, economic, socio-cultural, technological, legal, ethical, environmental and geographic factors are considered in each of these countries specifically as they relate to members of the Big Four and their auditing services. Further, Hofstede’s cultural dimensions are evaluated in light of the provision of audit services within Brazil, South Africa, and India. Specific business risks and opportunities are identified for firms in each geographic location discussed.

THE BRICS COUNTRIES: A NEW AREA FOR THE MULTILATERAL INTERACTION OF CULTURES AND CIVILIZATIONS

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (7) ◽  
pp. 50-64
Author(s):  
А. Konkin ◽  
◽  
I. Romanova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Regional Cooperation ◽  
International System ◽  
World Politics ◽  
Brics Countries ◽  
Rapid Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Paradigm ◽  
The World ◽  
Unlimited Growth ◽  
Political Economic

Тhe article examines topical issues of trans-regional cooperation of the BRICS countries. The main attention is paid to the problems of political and economic cooperation, cooperation in the field of education and science. Prospects for the development of interaction in these areas are outlined. It should be noted that the so-called BRICS group is a completely new phenomenon in the international arena. BRICS is an abbreviation for a group of countries that account for over 42% of the world’s population and 15 % of global GDP. The main goal of this group is to change the existing order of the world political, economic and financial international system. This means that these developing countries are questioning the importance of the role of the West as the dominant global social center of power and economic development. In this article, we have made an attempt to reflect the positive and negative aspects of BRICS cooperation on the world stage. Note that the BRICS claims to the world community arose not only because these countries experienced rapid economic growth, but also because of the evolution of the socio-economic paradigm in which the BRICS countries existed. It is becoming clear that living in a world with limited resources calls into question the viability of a global economic system based on the idea of unlimited growth and resources. This means that global competition for resources will intensify in the future. The BRICS organization can be conditionally viewed as a geopolitical buffer for each of its members. This analysis has described the respective ambitions and goals, as well as the risks and potential complementarities of the five BRICS economies. This article may be of interest to researchers of both individual BRICS countries and experts in the field of international relations and world politics. Also, the materials of the work can be used both in the preparation of relevant scientific works in the field of social sciences, political science, history, and for general acquaintance with the ongoing processes within the BRICS group

THE GENESIS OF CONSERVATIVE IDEOLOGY, DEVELOPMENT TRENDS AND PROSPECTS IN THE POLITICAL REFORM OF MODERN COUNTRIES (ON THE EXAMPLE OF RUSSIA AND FRANCE)

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 38-43
Author(s):  
MARIETA EPREMYAN ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Political Reform ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Political ◽  
Development Trends ◽  
Conservative Ideology ◽  
The World ◽  
Christian Conservatism ◽  
The Future ◽  
Conservative Policy ◽  
Depth Interviews

The article examines the epistemological roots of conservative ideology, development trends and further prospects in political reform not only in modern Russia, but also in other countries. The author focuses on the “world” and Russian conservatism. In the course of the study, the author illustrates what opportunities and limitations a conservative ideology can have in political reform not only in modern Russia, but also in the world. In conclusion, it is concluded that the prospect of a conservative trend in the world is wide enough. To avoid immigration and to control the development of technology in society, it is necessary to adhere to a conservative policy. Conservatism is a consolidating ideology. It is no coincidence that the author cites as an example the understanding of conservative ideology by the French due to the fact that Russia has its own vision of the ideology of conservatism. If we say that conservatism seeks to preserve something and respects tradition, we must bear in mind that traditions in different societies, which form some kind of moral imperatives, cannot be a single phenomenon due to different historical destinies and differing religious views. Considered from the point of view of religion, Muslim and Christian conservatism will be somewhat confrontational on some issues. The purpose of the work was to consider issues related to the role, evolution and prospects of conservative ideology in the political reform of modern countries. The author focuses on Russia and France. To achieve this goal, the method of in-depth interviews with experts on how they understand conservatism was chosen. Already today, conservatism is quite diverse. It is quite possible that in the future it will transform even more and acquire new reflections.

Loading rates of nutrients discharging from a golf course and a neighboring forested basin

1999 ◽  
Vol 39 (12) ◽  
pp. 99-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takao Kunimatsu ◽  
Miki Sudo ◽  
Takeshi Kawachi
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Loading ◽  
Chamaecyparis Obtusa ◽  
Phosphorus Loading ◽  
Golf Course ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Golf Courses ◽  
Japanese Cypress ◽  
Arithmetic Average ◽  
Loading Rates ◽  
Runoff Rate

In the last ten years, the number of golf courses has been increasing in some countries as the game gains popularity. This indicates, a need to estimate the nutrient loading from golf courses in order to prevent the eutrophication of water bodies. Nutrient concentrations and flow rates of a brook were measured once a week from 1989 to 1990 at two sites: Site A of a brook flowing out from D-golf course (53 ha) and Site B of the same brook discharging into the golf course from an upper forested basin (23 ha) covered mainly with planted Japanese cypress (Chamaecyparis obtusa SIEB. et ZUCC). The bedrock of the area was granite. The annual values of precipitation and mean temperature were 1947 mm and 13.5°C in 1989, respectively. The arithmetic average values of discharge from the forested basin and the golf course were 0.392 and 1.26 mg/l total nitrogen (TN), 0.0072 and 0.145 mg/l total phosphorus (TP), 0.82 and 3.53 mg/l potassium ion (K+, 5.92 and 8.24 mg/l sodium ion (Na+), 2.1 and 9.9 mg/l suspending solid (0.001–2.0 mm, SS), 0.087 and 0.147 mS/cm electric conductivity (EC), and 0.031 and 0.037 m3/km2•s specific discharge, respectively. The loading rates of the forested basin and the golf course were 5.42 and 13.5 TN, 0.133 and 3.04 TP, 8.84 and 33.9 K+, 55.0 and 73.0 Na+, and 54.3 and 118 SS in kg/ha•y. The leaching and runoff rate of nitrogen in the chemical fertilizers applied on the golf course was calculated as 32%. These results indicated the importance of controlling the phosphorus loading for the management of golf courses.

scholarly journals Where news could not inspire change: TRT World as a party broadcaster

Journalism ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 146488492110334
Author(s):  
Mona Elswah ◽  
Philip N. Howard
Keyword(s):  
Public Diplomacy ◽  
English Language ◽  
Media Freedom ◽  
Editorial Policies ◽  
The World ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
Media Market

Turkey has vastly increased the scale of its investment in public diplomacy tools. Although Turkey is considered one of the world’s worst jailers of journalists, its media market is one of the fastest-growing in the world. In 2015, the Istanbul-based English-language TRT World was launched with the slogan ‘where news inspires change’, The channel promised to provide impartial coverage of global news, with its experienced journalists addressing global audiences. In this study, we investigate the interplay between public diplomacy and editorial policies at TRT World. After conducting in-depth interviews with TRT World journalists, we argue that the channel has shifted its style from being Turkey’s public diplomacy tool into becoming the AKP’s voice to the world. By examining TRT World, this study provides a framework to understand how international broadcasters operate in countries where media freedom is restricted.

Ten Pages that Changed the World: Deconstructing Ricardo∗

2009 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Peet
Keyword(s):  
Free Trade ◽  
Economic Geography ◽  
Comparative Advantage ◽  
Development Policy ◽  
Open Market ◽  
Trade Theory ◽  
The World ◽  
Neoliberal Development ◽  
Trading Scheme ◽  
Political Economic

Powerful ideas that shape the world become taken-for-granted verities, in two senses of the term: as the only world that is known; and as the only world that can be imagined. When hegemony controls the imagination, fundamental criticism becomes difficult, and perhaps, impossible. Yet what if there were flaws in the original idea, from which new worlds were constructed, that have materialized in a political-economic geography beset with seemingly unsolvable problems? For example, what if there have always been fundamental flaws in the free trade, open market, competitive, global system that dominates both the world as we know it and the conventional political-economic-geographical thought we know it through? This article speculates that a psycho-discursive act of deconstruction might unravel the entire, subsequent discourse. It aims deconstruction at a founding statement in the free trade, global ideal, by looking critically at David Ricardo's theory of comparative advantage. Ricardo's argument that specialization and free trade are universally beneficial, became a founding premise of conventional economic theory and a basic prescription of liberal and neoliberal development policy. The article looks critically: at the logical consistency and representational accuracy of Ricardo's theory, especially the claim that all participants benefit from participation in a free trading scheme, so that trade brings about a far better world. The article reaches two main, critical conclusions: free trade theory based in comparative advantage has, from the beginning, been an ideology for creating economic spaces open to domination by powerful, leading countries; economics and economic geography have, since their classical beginnings, been biased in that their founding statements reverse the reality they pretend accurately to represent.

scholarly journals Factors Affecting the Initial Engagement of Older Adults in the Use of Interactive Technology

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 2847
Author(s):  
Lina Lee ◽  
Mary Lou Maher
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Interactive Technology ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Interactive Technologies ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Diary Studies ◽  
User Focus ◽  
Depth Interviews

Smart environments and the use of interactive technology has the potential to improve the quality of life for the senior community as well as to support the connections among the senior community and the world outside their community. In addition to the increasing number of studies in the field of aging and technologies, research is needed to understand the practical issues of user focus, adoption, and engagement for older adults to accept interactive technologies in their lives. In this study, we use two commercial technological interventions (uDraw and GrandPad) to understand technology-related perceptions and behaviors of older adults. We present five case studies that emerge from empirical observations of initial engagement with technology through research methods such as focus group discussions, in-depth interviews, observations, and diary studies. The contributions of this study are identification of the key factors that influence the initial engagement with interactive technology for older adults.

Law Librarianship and Legal Information Provision in the 21st Century

2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-10 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
Legal Education ◽  
Legal Profession ◽  
Information Provision ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Legal Information ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Impact

AbstractIn this analysis of the future of our profession, Barbara Tearle starts by looking at the past to see how much the world of legal information has evolved and changed. She considers the nature of the profession today and then identifies key factors which she believes will be of importance in the future, including the impact of globalisation; the potential changes to the legal profession; technology; developments in legal education; increasing commercialisation and changes to the law itself.

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