scholarly journals Study the Acute & Sub Acute Toxicity of Ricinus cummunis Lnn. Ethanol Extract of Seed in Albino Mice

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Manal H. AL-Jborrey ◽  
Muastafa A. K. Altaie ◽  
Ayyad W. Al-Shahwany
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Ricinus Communis ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Chronic Administration ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Toxicity Study ◽  
Herbal Extract ◽  
Acute Toxicity Study

Background: Toxicity still a global problem for the environment, agriculture and ultimately human health. Objective: In this study attempt to investigate the toxicological profile of the ethanol, extract of Ricinus cummunis after acute and sub-chronic administration to mice. Methods: In the acute toxicity study, a single administration of the extract at doses of 1000,2000,3000,4000 and 5000 mg/kg, respectively, was gave orally. Mice were observed for general behavioral changes, adverse effects and mortality up to 10 days post-treatment. In sub-acute toxicity studies, herbal extract was gave orally to mice at doses of 50 mg/kg, 100 mg/kg and 150 mg/kg for 10 days. Results: In the acute toxicity study, the mortality appeared in 2000 mg/kg and LD50 were calculated at 1100 mg/kg. In the sub-chronic toxicity the study show significant differences in body weight between the control and treated groups (p < 0.05). Histopathology of vital organ (liver & kidney) show morphological changes. Conclusions: These results demonstrate the real toxic effect of the ethanolic extract after single dose. The LD50 value is 1100 mg/kg and research indicates that successive use of the seed at the dose above (2 g/kg in human) daily for long period may cause toxic signs. Highlights: The Ricinus communis oil's has wide variety of industrial applications: as a drying oil for paints, varnishes, plastics and resins is an ingredient in numerous cosmetics. But it need to toxicity study as acute and sub-acute with observation of hematological and histopathological to be more safety  for used.

scholarly journals Hepatoprotective effect of Helicanthus elastica

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 525 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.N. Sunil Kumar ◽  
R. Rajakrishnan ◽  
J. Thomas ◽  
G. Aadinaath Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Dose Level ◽  
Video Clip ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Toxicity Study ◽  
Oral Toxicity ◽  
Acute Toxicity Study ◽  
Whole Plant

<p class="Abstract">Search for medicinal plants to treat liver disorders is an important research topic on herbs. Acute toxicity study is a prerequisite for safety and dose fixation for further pharmacological actions. In the present study, aqueous and 95% ethanolic extract of whole plant of <em>Helicanthus elastica</em> were subjected to acute oral toxicity. The aqueous and ethanolic extract revealed no observable changes in the rats up to the dose level of 2,000 mg /kg body weight. The extracts were then screened for paracetamol-induced hepatic injury at dose levels of 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight (1/10 and 1/5 LD<sub>50 </sub>based on toxicity study). The aqueous extract of whole plant of <em>H. elastica</em> was found to produce significant (p&lt;0.05) reversal of the paracetamol-induced changes in the measured biochemical and histopathological parameters at lower dose of 200 mg/kg which was found to be better than ethanol extract at the same dose level.</p><p class="Abstract"><strong>Video Clip:</strong></p><p class="Abstract"><a href="https://www.youtube.com/v/cO6HI1Kikxs">Acute toxicity study and others:</a> 5 min 38 sec</p><p> </p>

scholarly journals Acute Oral Toxicity of Pinnatoxin G in Mice

Toxins ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvio Sosa ◽  
Marco Pelin ◽  
Federica Cavion ◽  
Fabienne Hervé ◽  
Philipp Hess ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Rapid Onset ◽  
Toxicity Study ◽  
Oral Exposure ◽  
Acute Oral Toxicity ◽  
Oral Toxicity ◽  
Acute Toxicity Study

Pinnatoxin G (PnTx-G) is a marine cyclic imine toxin produced by the dinoflagellate Vulcanodinium rugosum, frequently detected in edible shellfish from Ingril Lagoon (France). As other pinnatoxins, to date, no human poisonings ascribed to consumption of PnTx-G contaminated seafood have been reported, despite its potent antagonism at nicotinic acetylcholine receptors and its high and fast-acting toxicity after intraperitoneal or oral administration in mice. The hazard characterization of PnTx-G by oral exposure is limited to a single acute toxicity study recording lethality and clinical signs in non-fasted mice treated by gavage or through voluntary food ingestion, which showed differences in PnTx-G toxic potency. Thus, an acute toxicity study was carried out using 3 h-fasted CD-1 female mice, administered by gavage with PnTx-G (8–450 µg kg−1). At the dose of 220 µg kg−1 and above, the toxin induced a rapid onset of clinical signs (piloerection, prostration, hypothermia, abdominal breathing, paralysis of the hind limbs, and cyanosis), leading to the death of mice within 30 min. Except for moderate mucosal degeneration in the small intestine recorded at doses of 300 µg kg−1, the toxin did not induce significant morphological changes in the other main organs and tissues, or alterations in blood chemistry parameters. This acute oral toxicity study allowed to calculate an oral LD50 for PnTx-G equal to 208 μg kg−1 (95% confidence limits: 155–281 µg kg−1) and to estimate a provisional NOEL of 120 µg kg−1.

Acute Toxicity Study and Faecal Dropping Capability of Ethanolic Extract of Tecoma stans in Albino Rats

Pharmacologia ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (7) ◽  
pp. 464-468 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Kameshwara ◽  
C. Jothimaniv ◽  
R. Senthilkum ◽  
S. Thenmozhi ◽  
R. Sundaragan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Toxicity Study ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Acute Toxicity Study

scholarly journals In vivo antiplasmodial potential of aqueous seed extract of Ricinus communis

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-138
Author(s):  
Peace ME. Ubulom ◽  
Ette O. Ettebong ◽  
Edidiong J. Udofia ◽  
Rachel S Inyang Etuk
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Ricinus Communis ◽  
Lethal Dose ◽  
Suppressive Effect ◽  
Seed Extract ◽  
Toxicity Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Active Principle ◽  
Acute Toxicity Study

Introduction: Ricinus communis is used by the people of Niger-Delta region of Nigeria, for the treatment of various ailments, especially malaria. This study evaluated the antiplasmodial potentials of the aqueous seed extract of R. communis, using Plasmodium berghei berghei. Methods: Acute toxicity study was carried out to determine the median lethal dose (LD50) of the extract. Antiplasmodial effect of the extract was assessed in suppressive, repository/ prophylactic and curative models, using Swiss albino mice (15-29 g). Mice were infected intraperitoneally with 0.2 mL of parasitized blood. Extract doses administered were 54.77, 109.54 and 164.32 mg/kg/d of the seed extract and each dose had 6 replicates. Artesunate (5 mg/kg/d) and pyrimethamine (1.2 mg/kg/d) were used as standard drugs, while distilled water (10 mL/kg/d) served as control. Results: Acute toxicity study produced LD50 of 547.72 mg/kg. The extract demonstrated a dosedependent reduction in parasitaemia in all tests. At the end of 4-day test, suppressive effect of 20.80, 49.00, 75.00 and 88.40% were obtained for doses 54.77, 109.54 and 164.32 mg/kg/d of the seed extract and artesunate, respectively. In the repository test pyrimethamine was more potent (72.26%) than the seed extract (9.47%–51.42%). The extract also exhibited appreciable curative effect. The activity of the seed extract was significant when compared with the control (P < 0.05). Mice treated with the seed extract and drugs survived for longer duration than the control group. Conclusion: The aqueous seed extract of R. communis has antiplasmodial potential and its active principle should be elucidated and further investigated to help in the ongoing fight against malaria.

Toxicological evaluation of the stem bark of Burkea africana hook. (Caesalpiniaceae) in wistar rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 33-40
Author(s):  
O.K. Eboji ◽  
A.A. Sowemimo ◽  
O.O. Ogunkunle ◽  
M.O. Sofidiya ◽  
K.B. Badmos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Chronic Toxicity ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Total Mortality ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Toxicity Study ◽  
Toxicological Evaluation ◽  
Acute Toxicity Study ◽  
Acute And Chronic Toxicity

Burkea africana Hook. (Caesalpiniaceae) is used traditionally to treat ulcers, headaches, skin disease and tumors. The study investigated the acute, sub-acute and chronic toxicity profiles of the ethanolic extract of Burkea africana stem bark. Rats of either sexes were used in this study (n=10). For  acute toxicity, a single dose of 5,000 mg/kg was administered while for the sub-acute and chronic toxicity study, three doses (40, 200 and 1000  mg/kg) of the extract were administered orally for 28 and 90 days respectively. At the end of each study, the biochemical, hematological and  histological parameters were evaluated. No mortality or behavioral changes were observed in the acute toxicity study. Extract caused significant  changes in the hematological parameters after the sub-acute toxicity study. In the chronic toxicity study, the extract caused significant increase in  the white blood cell count of the 200 mg/kg group. There was significant increase in the platelet count of treated groups compared to control in the sub-acute and chronic toxicity studies, with an observed total mortality of all the animals in the 1000 mg/kg group on the 44th day. No adverse pathology was observed in the organs examined. The extract elicited a hematological response and short term consumption of the extract at low doses might be relatively safe. However, long term consumption at high doses should be discouraged.

Acute and sub-acute toxicity study of ethanol extract from Nectandra leucantha Nees & Mart. (Lauraceae) barks

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
July Silva Ferreira ◽  
Alanne Lucena de Brito ◽  
Silvana Tavares Paz ◽  
Humberto de Moura Barbosa ◽  
Jeymesson Raphael Cardoso Vieira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Toxicity Study ◽  
Acute Toxicity Study

scholarly journals Acute toxicity study of ethanolic extract of Apium leptophyllum pers in swiss albino mice

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 3750-3754
Author(s):  
Siva Ganesh M ◽  
Radhika J
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Single Dose ◽  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Maximum Level ◽  
Toxicity Study ◽  
Swiss Albino Mice ◽  
Acute Toxicity Study ◽  
Albino Mice ◽  
Experimental Group

The recent study was planned to determine the acute toxicity study of Apium leptophyllum pers. A single dose of 400,1200,2000 mg/ kg of ethanolic extract of Apium leptophyllum pers according to the OECD guidelines and the dose level was administrated orally into swiss albino mice. Oral administration of maximum level of ethanolic extract of Apium leptophyllum pers upto 2000 mg/kg body weight to experimental group of albino mice was evaluated. Biochemical, haematological  and histopathological parameters were checked throughout the study. Signs of toxicity, mortality and body weight were monitored for 14 days post treatment of Apium leptophyllum pers . There is no substantial variations were noticed in control and treated groups. Result revealed that the ethanolic extract of Apium leptophyllum is safe and no toxicity was caused. 

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