scholarly journals Education in Thailand: When economic growth is no longer enough

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandrine Michel
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Education System ◽  
Developmental Process ◽  
Education Development ◽  
Historical Perspectives ◽  
Growth Regime ◽  
The Social ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
Structural Indicators ◽  
The Impact

After fifty years of almost continuous economic growth in Thailand, it is now possible to reevaluate the developmental process of the education system. Until now, the structural indicators of education development that have been mainly used are the level and pace of the increases in public expenditure on education, the effect of increasing enrolment on social mobility, and the private and public distribution of investment in education. The impact of these factors undeniably offers a better understanding of the quantitative advances in education. However, the dynamics of the education system nowadays encounter structural limits related to both the integration of what is now widespread education within the social structures and Thailand's contribution to globalization. As a result, the contribution of education to the growth regime is increasingly questioned. The aim of this paper is to use a historical approach to explore this evolution. Theoretical and historical perspectives are combined within a quantitative history methodology, drawing on new time-series.

scholarly journals Usefulness of the concept of social savings and consumer surplus in studies on the impact of innovation on economic growth

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 179
Author(s):  
Janusz Krzysztof Myszczyszyn
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Design Research ◽  
Consumer Surplus ◽  
Demand Elasticity ◽  
High Price ◽  
Elasticity Of Demand ◽  
The Social ◽  
Alternative Good ◽  
Economic Thinking ◽  
The Impact

Aim: The main objective of the paper was to calculate social savings (and consumer surplus) of innovation on the example of railroads in Germany for 1985. The railways were among the most important innovations in the nineteenth century. Being aware of the limits of the social savings technique, the author included the concept of consumer surplus in his calculation Design / Research methods: For the purpose of the research, the author used the concept of social savings proposed by Robert Fogel and consumer surplus. Conclusions / findings: For the year 1895, social savings amounted to 2.82% (first equation) of GDP and 5.04% of GDP (second equation), taking into account elasticity of demand (-1,38), social savings amounted to 1.27% of GDP and 2.18% of GDP for Germany. The result thus elicited the author referred to the social savings from railroads as made available in literature and the author’s previous research. The author demonstrated that the social savings from the innovation were relatively small. Originality / value of the article: The results of research are useful for examining the impact of innovation, such as railroads, on the level of social savings. The paper fills the gap in the Polish economic thinking on the use of counterfactual methods. Implications of the research: The concept of social savings which takes into account demand elasticity can be applied successfully in evaluating the impact of (various) innovations on economic growth. Limitations of the research: The weakness of the method may be the lack of knowledge about the real level of elasticity of demand for innovation, as well as determining the level of prices of an alternative good, especially if the use of innovation at the initial stage of bringing it to the market involves a relatively high price.

scholarly journals Patterns of Interrelationships between Inflation, R&D, Innovation, and Economic Growth: Evidence from Central and Eastern European Countries

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 5-33
Author(s):  
Ljubivoje Radonjić ◽  
◽  
Nevena Veselinović ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Output Growth ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
Innovation Activities ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
Eastern European Countries ◽  
The Impact

The primary objective of the article is to examine the nexus between inflation, R&D, patents, and economic growth within a group of Central and Eastern European countries (CEECs). The examination is conducted in two parts. First, the impact of total R&D expenditures on economic growth is observed, as well as the influence of growth on private and public R&D investments. Second, the conversion from private and public R&D investment to innovation, measured by the number of patents, is observed. Throughout the analysis, economic growth and inflation are representative of macroeconomic stability. The outcomes of the panel auto-regressive distributed lag estimation indicate that total R&D expenditures are essential and positively significant for economic growth in the observed countries. The results also show that output growth has a remarkably positive impact on generating private R&D expenditures. Such an influence is also found, but at a weaker level, in the case of public R&D expenditures. In this part of the analysis, inflation has demonstrated a harmful influence on R&D expenditures. The results of the second part indicate that public and private R&D expenditures, at a significant level, generate innovation activities, while the impact of inflation has proven to be unimportant.

scholarly journals Indicators of Regional Innovation Clusters’ Effectiveness in the Higher Education System

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 245
Author(s):  
Iryna Lysenko ◽  
Serhii Stepenko ◽  
Hanna Dyvnych
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Education System ◽  
Statistical Correlation ◽  
The State ◽  
Regional Innovation ◽  
Education Development ◽  
Higher Education System ◽  
State Education ◽  
Innovation Clusters ◽  
The Impact

Under globalization conditions, the main priority of the state education policy in many countries of the world is to ensure higher education quality. This is possible through close and efficient cooperation between the state, higher education institutions, future specialists, employers and innovative structures (clusters). This study focuses on the development of indicators that can comprehensively assess the effectiveness of regional innovation clusters in the higher education system. The main attention is given to the analysis of innovations, business, education development and competitiveness, as indicators of the effectiveness of regional innovation clusters in the higher education system. The following methods have been used within the research: content analysis, statistical, correlation and regression analysis, econometric modeling and the graphical method. As a result of the research, indicators of the effectiveness of regional innovation clusters have been identified and the impact of these indicators on the higher education system has been evaluated. The authors have shown that there is a close relationship between the level of development of regional innovation clusters, indicators of business and innovations development, and the level of competitiveness. The direct impact of those on the higher education system has been established and confirmed by the provided calculations.

Does Aid Spur Economic Growth?

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
Musa Talba JIBIR ◽  
Salamatu Idris ISAH ◽  
Bello A. IBRAHIM
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Basic Education ◽  
Health Care Facilities ◽  
Social Program ◽  
Economic Management ◽  
Poor Countries ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
Rich Countries ◽  
The Impact

<p>Development Assistance is based on the idea that Rich Countries can and should help Poor countries to find the path to sustainable economic growth and poverty reduction—especially those that lack sources of capital. The paper began by reviewing the various sources and composition of net capital flows to developing countries and examined the respective roles of private and public flows in social program it further discussed the arguments and evidence on both sides of the question of whether aid is effective in promoting economic growth. The evidence of a direct effect on growth is inconclusive. Does this mean that aid should be cut back? Not necessarily. The impact of Aid should be evaluated not only in relation to its direct effects, but also in terms of its role in improving governance and economic management, and its contribution to social amenities such as basic education, health care facilities and access, water and infant mortality.</p>

scholarly journals New trends and competition in the market of higher education services in the context of digitalization

2021 ◽  
Vol 114 ◽  
pp. 01024
Author(s):  
Galina V. Astratova ◽  
Tatyana K. Rutkauskas ◽  
Natalya V. Parushina ◽  
Natalya A. Suchkova
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Global Competition ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Education Development ◽  
Education Services ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
The Impact

The aim of the study was to analyze new trends, competition and structural changes in higher education in the context of digitalization. The main directions of higher education development in the XXI century are identified. It is shown that by 2020, new trends in the market of higher education services have appeared and fully manifested themselves, due to three key factors: 1) increased global competition; 2) the active introduction of digital technologies in higher education; 3) the impact of the global COVID pandemic on educational technologies. It is shown that the coronavirus pandemic was a powerful incentive for the transition to digital technologies in higher education. Thanks to digitalization, the structure of the market has changed, and the number of players has increased significantly, and the market consists of private and public institutions, ministries of education and government agencies, educational, consulting and test (rating) companies, etc. Moreover, the global competition of universities for quality is becoming more organized and technically equipped; it increasingly relies on impersonal methods of assessing quality using digital technologies. At the same time, the authors draw a number of conclusions about the negative consequences of distance education. It is shown that competitiveness and accessibility of educational services for different categories of citizens in the difficult conditions of global challenges and threats, the wave pandemic, is ensured through high-quality interaction of all participants in the process, the activity of scientists and practitioners around the world, and state support for teaching initiatives in all regions of the country.

scholarly journals Measure the impact of contribution of Saudi Women's- in private sector- on economic growth for period 2005- 2017: قياس أثر مساهمة المرأة السعودية العاملة في القطاع الخاص على النمو الاقتصادي 2005- 2017م

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomader Gaber Elbashir Elhassan
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Real Estate ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Community Services ◽  
Bounds Testing ◽  
Saudi Women ◽  
Short Run ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
The Impact

The main objective of this study was to measure the impact on the contribution of Saudi women working in private the sector on economic growth for period 2005- 2017, In spite of the difficulties and challenges facing women contribute to the private and public sectors. It based on the following hypotheses: There was a statistically significant relationship between economic growth and Women's contribution of industry, trade, insurance and real- estate services, and community services in the long and short- run. The study used a descriptive approach and the methodology of econometrics to construct the model and Eviews10 Program for data analysis. The Data was collected from the Saudi Arabian Monetary Authority, for the period (2005- 2017). It used the bounds testing (ARDL) Method to estimate Women's contribution equation. The results were explained that was a statistically significant relationship between the Women's contribution to trade, insurance and real- estate services and economic growth in the long. The weakness of elasticity was due for: the study period was short and recently, Women participated in the private sector. In Short- run economic growth was affected only by the contribution of women to trade. There was a statistically insignificant relationship between the Women's contribution to the service of the community and economic growth in the long and short- run. The error correction indicated that the shock in the past year is corrected in the current year. The study recommended were the follows: The implementation of training courses to increase the Women's contribution of industry and community services in the long and short- run. Activate systems that encourage women to work in private sector. For future study Researcher recommends applying the detailed study to measure the impact on the Women's contribution to all activities of the private sector.

scholarly journals Rapid modernization of the national school: the COVID-19 pandemic as a challenge to the secondary education system

2020 ◽  
pp. 54-60
Author(s):  
Olga N. Machekhina
Keyword(s):  
Education System ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Social Emotional ◽  
School Closures ◽  
Safety Requirements ◽  
The Social ◽  
Pandemic Threat ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
The Impact

The COVID-19 pandemic has forced the global school system to face an unusual set of circumstances. As the pandemic threat grew, schools around the world were closed throughout March 2020 to prevent the virus from spreading. Although school closures have been announced as a temporary measure, prolonged closures could cause significant disruption to the education ecosystem, affecting an estimated 1.5 billion students in 165 countries. It is now clear that this situation will have a lasting impact on the social, emotional and mental health of children and adolescents, as well as on overall learning outcomes, which may widen the gap between children from well-off and disadvantaged families. The use of alternative channels for delivering learning information to which not everyone still has access will further widen the gap. The pandemic has forced the education system to focus on developing health and safety requirements and conditions, in the new environment, rapid and flexible responses and solutions to minimize the impact on learning in the short and long term. All of this responds to the challenges of the pandemic, which we will explore in more detail in the text below.

scholarly journals Regulation of institutional changes in the social sector of the national economy: conceptual approach

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 103-110
Author(s):  
Ksenia Bagmet
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
National Economy ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Institutional Changes ◽  
Inclusive Growth ◽  
Social Sector ◽  
Conceptual Approach ◽  
Education Development ◽  
Long Run ◽  
The Social

Introduction. The development of the national economy under the modern conditions is increasingly determined by the potential both of the commercial sector and also of the social sector development level since a number of economic policy tasks concern this sector. Issues of economic and social inequality are increasingly being explored in terms of their impact on economic growth in a long run. The complexity of implementing state regulation of the social sector to ensure inclusive growth raises a number of problems, because policies need to be coherent and institutional arrangements are effectively implemented. Aim and tasks. The purpose of the study is to substantiate a conceptual approach to institutional transformations regulating of the social sector of the national economy, based on the principles of inclusive economic growth. Results. According to the institutional changes theory, the formation of a coherent strategy regarding the state regulation of institutional changes in the social sector of the national economy requires consideration of the dependence on the previous way of development. So, the structure that is being formed requires both vertical (with basic institutions) and horizontal (with institutions formed within the social sector) coordination. Development of two mentioned types of interactions should be aligned with the strategy of state regulation of the social sector of the national economy - market-coherent and socially-coherent and gives the opportunity to achieve both social and economic (commercial) results, to balance the measures aimed at these interactions. Conclusions. Within the framework of the problem of creation of an effective system of state regulation solution for ensuring inclusive growth within the proposed approach, the necessity of stakeholder interaction development, creation of an institutional and economic environment for the development of market-coherent and socially-coherent interactions considering achievement of economic growth with simultaneous achievement of social goals is ensured. Strategic direction of state regulation of institutional changes in the social sector of the national economy can be considered a gradual shift from the institutions of income redistribution to participation institutions (education, infrastructure, etc.). Education development is one of the priorities, as research findings indicate that the problem of access to education is a significant factor in inequality.

scholarly journals Promotion Des Exportations Des Produits Industriels, Emploi Et Revenu Des Menages Au Maroc. Une Simulation D’impact A L’aide D’un Modele De Multiplicateurs De La Matrice De Comptabilite Sociale

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (25) ◽  
pp. 354
Author(s):  
Nouzha Zaoujal ◽  
Rachid El Mataoui
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Social Accounting Matrix ◽  
Poor Households ◽  
The Social ◽  
Global Economic Growth ◽  
The Impact

This paper aims to analyze empirically the impact of increased exports of industrial products on employment, household income (rich, average and poor) and sectoral and global economic growth in Morocco. The methodological approach used is the multiplier techniques based on the Social Accounting Matrix (SAM). For this we use the 2015 Morocco’s SAM. The results indicate that a generally positive impact on all sectoral and macroeconomic aggregates (production, added value, employment, transactions balance and GDP). For household’s income, the results indicate also that the impact would have benefited to the average households more than rich or poor households.

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