scholarly journals Goniothalamus: Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Review

2016 ◽  
Vol 02 ◽  
pp. 34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Shahzad Aslam ◽  
Muhammad Syarhabil Ahmad ◽  
Awang Soh Mamat ◽  
Muhammad Zamharir Ahmad ◽  
Faridah Salam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Typhoid Fever ◽  
Chemical Nature ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Cytotoxic Potential ◽  
Traditional Medicines ◽  
Stomach Ache ◽  
Aging Body ◽  
Ethnobotanical Uses ◽  
Styryl Lactones

Goniothalamusspecies are used in widespread medicines for abortion, anti-aging, body pains, rheumatism, skin complaints, typhoid fever, tympanites, stomach ache and fever. The present study reviews the distribution of species along with their synonyms, their traditional usage, and correlated chemical compounds ofGoniothalamusspecies with stress on the authentication of their ethnobotanical uses. The findings in someGoniothalamusspecies suggest that the chemical nature of their derivatives, such as acetogenins and styryl-lactones, may justify the use of these species against cancer in Asian traditional medicines due to their cytotoxic potential.

scholarly journals STRYCHNOS SPINOSA LAM: COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW ON ITS MEDICINAL AND NUTRITIONAL USES

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 8-28
Author(s):  
Nassifatou Koko Tittikpina ◽  
Wouyo Atakpama ◽  
Yao Hoekou ◽  
Yerim Mbagnick Diop ◽  
Komlan Batawila ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Food Material ◽  
Traditional Medicines ◽  
Healthcare Needs ◽  
Microbial Infections ◽  
Ethnobotanical Uses ◽  
Strychnos Spinosa

Background: Most of the people living in developing countries rely on local remedies from traditional medicines to take care of their healthcare needs. In recent years, the use of medicinal plants increased considerably. Consequently, studies on medicinal plants are necessary to produce more effective drugs with fewer side-effects. This work aims to compile the dispersal data on Strychnos spinosa Lam., a medicinal plant with great therapeutic potential in traditional medicine, on its ethnobotanical uses, chemical compounds, as well as its pharmacological and nutritional effects. Material and Methods: To achieve the aforementioned aim, electronic databases such as Pubmed, Science Direct, Google scholar, Scopus and SciFinder were scanned. Results: Literature survey revealed that S. spinosa is used in the treatment of microbial infections, malaria, trypanosomiasis, intestinal worms, tuberculosis, infertility, gastrointestinal disorders, snake bite, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus among other ailments. The plant is also used as food material. S. spinosa contains many chemical compounds, such as alkaloids, terpenes, sterols, fatty acids, flavonoids, saponin, and others. The fruits are a source of important nutrients such as carbohydrates, sugars, proteins, vitamins and fibres. Experimental studies have shown numerous pharmacological properties, including antimicrobial, antiplasmodial, anti-trypanosomal, anti-leishmanial, anti-nematicidal, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, antidiabetic and other activities. Conclusion: This review article provides comprehensive information on S. spinosa and its various extracts. Due to the promising effects of the plant extracts on various diseases and its nutritional values, there is a need for toxicity studies and clinical trials to assess the effects of its identified bioactive compounds.

scholarly journals The Ethnopharmacology, Phytochemistry, Pharmacology Activities of Yellow Velvetleaf Plant (Limnocharis flava): A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 12-20
Author(s):  
Cut Nyak Siti Ulfa Jamila ◽  
Boy Chandra ◽  
Zulharmita Zulharmita ◽  
Harrizul Rivai
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Scientific Study ◽  
Pharmacological Effect ◽  
Pharmacological Effects ◽  
Daily Consumption ◽  
Mineral Contents ◽  
Health Maintenance ◽  
Traditional Medicines ◽  
The People

Ethnopharmacology is a scientific study that connects a group of people, health, and the habits of the people who use traditional medicines and formulating traditional medication. The yellow velvetleaf plant is a type of plant that lives in water. This plant can be used as a vegetable for daily consumption by the community. The yellow velvetleaf plant is a plant of the Alismataceae family. This plant is ethnopharmacological, in which there is a pharmacological effect related to treatment and health maintenance for the community because it has chemical compounds such as saponins, steroids, phenol hydroquinone, and also mineral contents: Phosphorus (P), Calcium (Ca), Potassium (K), Sodium (Na), Iron (Fe), and Zinc (Zn). This review article discusses the chemical compounds in yellow velvetleaf plants and the pharmacological effects of yellow velvetleaf plants. In this review article, it is known that yellow velvetleaf plants, used by the community as a local vegetable, have chemical compounds that can produce pharmacological effects.

scholarly journals Chemical nature and sequence of alamethicin

1976 ◽  
Vol 153 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
D R Martin ◽  
R J P Williams
Keyword(s):  
Glutamic Acid ◽  
Chemical Nature ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Amide Bond ◽  
Side Chain ◽  
Partial Hydrolysis ◽  
Spectroscopy Study ◽  
N Terminus ◽  
Acetyl Group ◽  
New Formula

An n.m.r. spectroscopy study of pure alamethicin shows it to be a linear polypeptide of 19 residues. The N-terminus is blocked by an acetyl group, and the eighteenth residue, glutamic acid, is linked by an amide bond on its side chain to phenylalaninol (Fig. 6). The new formula is confirmed by a comparison between pure chemical compounds and the products of partial hydrolysis.

scholarly journals Effect of Ethanol Extract from Clove Flower (Syzygium aromaticum) on the Growth of Trichophyton rubrum in vitro

Biomedika ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-54
Author(s):  
Khusnul Khusnul ◽  
Pepin Meilani Hildawati ◽  
Dewi Peti Virgianti
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Experimental Method ◽  
Trichophyton Rubrum ◽  
Fungal Growth ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Syzygium Aromaticum ◽  
Traditional Medicines

Indonesia is one of the countries with a tropical climate that has high temperature and humidity, a good atmosphere for fungal growth so that fungi can be found somewhere. Fungus Trichophyton rubrum is a fungal disease that attacks the nails, skin, hair. One of the preventions of this disease is by giving traditional medicines, namely clove flowers (Syzygium aromaticum) which contain chemical compounds saponins, tannins, flavonoids. Serves as an antioxidant that can prevent dermatosis. The purpose of this study was to determine the inhibition power of clove flowers (Syzygium aromaticum) on the growth of Trichophyton rubrum fungi. This research was carried out an experimental method with the Kirby Bauer method. Concentration dilution of clove ethanol extract (Syzygium aromaticum) from concentration 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, 100%. The results of this study showed that the clove ethanol extract (Syzygium aromaticum) inhibit the growth of Trychophyton rubrum fungus from the concentration of 10% inhibition zone 14 mm, 20% inhibition zone 26 mm, 30% inhibition zone 36 mm, 40% inhibition zone 41 mm, 50% 45 mm inhibition zone, 60% 46 mm inhibition zone, 70% 48 mm inhibition zone, 80% 49 mm inhibition zone, 90% 51.0 mm inhibition zone, 100% inhibition zone of 56 mm.

Articulated laticifers in the vegetative organs of Mandevilla atroviolacea (Apocynaceae, Apocynoideae)

Botany ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 87 (2) ◽  
pp. 202-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karina Lucas Barbosa Lopes ◽  
Marcela Thadeo ◽  
Aristéa Alves Azevedo ◽  
Arlete Aparecida Soares ◽  
Renata Maria Strozi Alves Meira
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Nature ◽  
Neutral Lipids ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Cortical Cells ◽  
Vegetative Organs ◽  
Tuberous Roots ◽  
The Family ◽  
Articulated Laticifers ◽  
Stems And Leaves ◽  
First Time

The occurrence of nonarticulated laticifers has been recorded in the literature for Apocynaceae, but little information is available on their structure and the chemical compounds in their latex. The objective of this study was to describe, anatomically and histochemically, the laticifers and latex found in the roots, stems, and leaves of Mandevilla atroviolacea (Stadelm) Woodson, a genus in the Apocynaceae. Laticifer anatomy was examined by light microscopy, and the chemical nature of the exuded latex was studied using cytochemistry. Articulated laticifers were present in M. atroviolacea. The lactiferous system in stems and leaves originated from both procambium and ground meristem, and it was determined to be functional, as indicated by changes in the cytoplasm immediately subsequent to its formation. However, in tuberous roots, laticifers originated from the vascular cambium, phellogen, and parenchymatous cortical cells. The primary wall of laticifers consists of pectins and cellulose and is thicker than that of adjacent cells. The laticifer secretion contained an emulsion of lipophilic substances rich in neutral lipids, resin oils, and possibly rubber. The presence of articulated laticifers is reported for the first time for Apocynoideae, contributing to the knowledge and understanding of these structures in the family Apocynaceae.

scholarly journals Untargeted Metabolomics Analysis Using FTIR and UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS of Two Curculigo Species and Evaluation of Their Antioxidant and α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activities

Metabolites ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 42
Author(s):  
Abdul Halim Umar ◽  
Diah Ratnadewi ◽  
Mohamad Rafi ◽  
Yohana Caecilia Sulistyaningsih
Keyword(s):  
Functional Groups ◽  
Geographical Origin ◽  
Total Phenolics ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Traditional Medicines ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Glucosidase Inhibitors ◽  
Pls Analysis ◽  
Inhibitory Activities

Curculigo orchioides and C. latifolia have been used as traditional medicines such as antidiabetic and anticancer. This study measured the total phenolics and flavonoid contents as well as analyzed the functional groups and chemical compounds using Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectra and UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap-HRMS profiling for the discrimination of plant parts, geographical origin, and compounds that presumably have a significant contribution as antioxidant and α-glucosidase inhibitors on both plants. The total phenolics and flavonoids contents in Curculigo species varied from 142.09 to 452.47 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE/g) and from 0.82 to 5.44 mg quercetin equivalent (QE/g), respectively. The lowest IC50 for antioxidant and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities is presented by C. latifolia from a higher altitude region. Principal component analysis (PCA) from FTIR and UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap-HRMS data could discriminate the plant parts and geographical origin. Partial least squares (PLS) analysis has identified several functional groups, such as O–H, C–H, C=O, C–C, C–O, and chemical compounds, unknown-185 and unknown-85, that are most likely to contribute to the antioxidant and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities.

scholarly journals The Ethnobotany and Chemistry of South African Meliaceae: A Review

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1796
Author(s):  
Mariam Oyefunke Oyedeji-Amusa ◽  
Nicholas J. Sadgrove ◽  
Ben-Erik Van Wyk
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
African Species ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Diverse Species ◽  
The World ◽  
Gastrointestinal Complaints ◽  
Ethnobotanical Uses ◽  
Ethnomedicinal Uses

Meliaceae are widely distributed across the world in tropical or subtropical climates and are of considerable ethnobotanical importance as sources of traditional medicine and cosmetics. This comprehensive review summarizes the ethnobotanical uses and chemistry of 12 South African species, belonging to six genera: Ekebergia, Nymania, Entandrophragma, Pseudobersama, Trichilia, and Turraea. Eight of the species have ethnomedicinal records, classified into 17 major disease categories. The ethnomedicinal uses comprise 85 ailments dominated by gastrointestinal complaints, followed by gynaecological and obstetrics related problems. Chemical records were found for 10 species, which describe nine classes of compounds. In nearly all South African Meliaceae, limonoids are the predominant constituents while triterpenes, sterols, and coumarins are also common. The widest range of use-records and medicinal applications are found with the two most chemically diverse species, Ekebergiacapensis and Trichiliaemetica. Of the chemical compounds identified in the various plant organs of the 10 species of South African Meliaceae for which data are available, 42% was found in bark and 17% in seeds. Roots represent 35% and bark 33% of the organs that are used medicinally, and they are typically prepared as decoctions or infusions. Root and bark harvesting are destructive so that it may be important to examine the chemistry of plant parts such as wild-crafted leaves and fruits.

scholarly journals UNDERSTANDING INSECTICIDE RESISTANCE IN MUSCA DOMESTICA L. (DIPTERA: MUSCIDAE), RESPONSIBLE ENZYME AND ITS INTERACTION NETWORK USING PPI STUDIES

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharat Kumar Pattar ◽  
Riaz Mahmood ◽  
Sushil Kumar Jalali ◽  
Santosh Kumar H.S
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Typhoid Fever ◽  
Insecticide Resistance ◽  
Musca Domestica ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Resistance Mechanism ◽  
Interaction Network ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Chronic Use

The housefly, Musca domestica, L. (Diptera: Muscidae) is a genuine danger to human and creature wellbeing. Houseflies are vectors of in excess of 100 human and creature intestinal maladies. They are fit for communicating parasites that cause illnesses, for example, typhoid fever, cholera, bacillary looseness of the bowels, juvenile the runs, tuberculosis, plague, sickness, yaws, samonellosis, trachoma, and Bacillus anthracis. Creature wellbeing concerns incorporate the transmission of pinkeye. If we want to quell this insect pest the humans using insecticides and repellents but due to chronic use of these chemical compounds will create insecticide resistance in these domestic insect pests. There are numerous proteins/enzymes responsible for degradation of the chemicals used to get rid of these pests, but due to the action of some of the proteins/enzymes namely Ache gene(considering in the current study) will be rigorously involved in degradation of chemical compounds results in expressing the resistance in Houseflies. With the application of network biology the current study dealt efficiently in understanding how the interacting/supporting mechanism helps in expressing the resistance mechanism. With the help of STRING DATABASE in data collection and CYTOSCAPE-3.0 in visualization helps to its best in understanding the mechanism.

scholarly journals Ethnobotanical and Phytochemical Study of Bayur (Pterospermum javanicum Jungh.) on Sasak Tribe around Mount Rinjani National Park, West Lombok as a Conservation Effort

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 61008
Author(s):  
Putri Sri Andila ◽  
Tri Warseno ◽  
I Putu Agus Hendra Wibawa ◽  
I Gede Tirta
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolite ◽  
National Park ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Acetone Extract ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Phytochemical Study ◽  
Traditional Medicines ◽  
Conservation Effort ◽  
Phytochemical Contents

Pterospermum javanicum Jungh. (Bayur) is a species belongs to the Pterospermum genera (Malvaceae). Several species of Pterospermum had been reported for their ethnobotanical usage, but the studies about ethnobotany information of Bayur and its secondary metabolite compounds were still limited which have been published. This study aimed to observe the ethnobotanical usage of Bayur and to examine the phytochemical contents of the acetone extract of Bayur flower from West Lombok. The ethnobotany information of Bayur was obtained through interviews with local people and more information on the ethnobotanical records of P. javanicum (Bayur) was conducted by reviewing the scientific literature. The chemical compounds of Bayur flower were analysed by the GC-MS method. The results revealed that Bayur was used by the Sasak community  around Gunung Rinjani National Park West Lombok for various purposes, such as traditional medicines, beverages, rigging, and building material. The phytochemical analysis showed that the acetone extract of Bayur flower from West Lombok contained 38 identified chemical components, representing 93.78% of the total compounds. The major contents of them were Lupeyl acetate (10.68%), p-n-Amylphenol (8.16%), Lauric acid (7.31%), N-(Methyl-d2)- Aniline (5,82%), and Pentanal (5.07%). This report was the first publication about the phytochemical contents of Bayur flower. It is expected that this study gives further information on the potentials of Bayur, especially about its secondary metabolite to support and prove the truth of the cultural concept of society in utilizing Bayur as a medicinal plant.

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