scholarly journals Antioxidant and Total Phenolic Content of Catharanthus roseus Using Deep Eutectic Solvent

2017 ◽  
Vol 03 ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Asma Nisar ◽  
Awang Soh Mamat ◽  
Md Irfan Hatim ◽  
Muhammad Shahzad Aslam ◽  
Muhammad Syarhabil Ahmad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Catharanthus Roseus ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Choline Chloride ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvent ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvents ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Flower Petal ◽  
Plant Parts

Deep eutectic solvents as a new type of eco-friendly solvents have attracted attention in chemistry, medicine, and other fields for the extraction and separation of target compounds from medicinal plants. Deep eutectic solvents are easy to prepare and have many advantages as solvents, such as chemical inertness with water, low cost, easy biodegradability, and pharmaceutically acceptable toxicity. In this study, a deep eutectic solvent made up of choline chloride-glycerol (1:2) was used for the extraction of flavonoids from Catharanthus roseus plant parts (flower petal, leaves, stem, and root). The highest amount of phenolic content was detected in flower petal, that is, 194.50 mg GAE/g. In DPPH test, the maximum amount of antioxidant activity determined in the flower petal was 73.13%; IC50 was calculated by using a linear regression equation; IC50 value of the standard, stem, root, leaf, and flower petal was 13.22, 90.44, 83.93, 120.14, 79.49 μg/ml, respectively. The result of this research is that Catharanthus roseus has a compatible antioxidant activity. This can be helpful for the treatment of diseases caused by free-radical oxidative stress.

scholarly journals Identification of Flavonoids (Quercetin, Gallic acid and Rutin) from Catharanthus roseus Plant Parts using Deep Eutectic Solvent

2017 ◽  
Vol 03 ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asma Nisar ◽  
Awang Soh Mamat ◽  
Md Irfan Hatim ◽  
Muhammad Shahzad Aslam ◽  
Muhammad Syarhabil Ahmad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gallic Acid ◽  
Catharanthus Roseus ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Choline Chloride ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvent ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvents ◽  
Green Technology ◽  
Flower Petal ◽  
Plant Parts

Green technology is the most important topic in the pharmaceutical field because it reduces the cost of medicines and minimizes the environmental impact of the field and is better for human health and safety. Green chemistry emphasizes that the solvent should be nontoxic, safe, cheap, green, readily available, recyclable, and biodegradable. Deep eutectic solvents, a new type of green solvent, have some renowned properties—for instance, high thermal stability, low vapor pressure, low cost, biodegradability, and high viscosity. In this study, deep eutectic solvents made up of choline chloride-glycerol (1:2) were used for the extraction and isolation of flavonoid (rutin, gallic acid, and quercetin) from Catharanthus roseus plant parts, flower petal, leaves, stem, and root. The amounts of rutin and quercetin in flower petal are 29.46 and 6.51%, respectively, whereas, rutin, gallic acid, and quercetin amounts in leaves are 25.16, 8.57, and 10.47%, respectively. In stem the amounts of rutin, gallic acid, and quercetin are 13.02, 5.89, and 7.47%, respectively. In root, only quercetin has been obtained that is 13.49%. The HPLC is an analytical method, which was found to be an excellent technique for determination of rutin, gallic acid, and quercetin using deep eutectic solvent extraction from plant parts of Catharanthus roseus.

scholarly journals Identification of Flavonoids (Quercetin, Gallic acid and Rutin) from Catharanthus roseus Plant Parts using Deep Eutectic Solvent

2017 ◽  
Vol 03 ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asma Nisar ◽  
Awang Soh Mamat ◽  
Md Irfan Hatim ◽  
Muhammad Shahzad Aslam ◽  
Muhammad Syarhabil Ahmad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gallic Acid ◽  
Catharanthus Roseus ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Choline Chloride ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvent ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvents ◽  
Green Technology ◽  
Flower Petal ◽  
Plant Parts

Green technology is the most important topic in the pharmaceutical field because it reduces the cost of medicines and minimizes the environmental impact of the field and is better for human health and safety. Green chemistry emphasizes that the solvent should be nontoxic, safe, cheap, green, readily available, recyclable, and biodegradable. Deep eutectic solvents, a new type of green solvent, have some renowned properties—for instance, high thermal stability, low vapor pressure, low cost, biodegradability, and high viscosity. In this study, deep eutectic solvents made up of choline chloride-glycerol (1:2) were used for the extraction and isolation of flavonoid (rutin, gallic acid, and quercetin) from Catharanthus roseus plant parts, flower petal, leaves, stem, and root. The amounts of rutin and quercetin in flower petal are 29.46 and 6.51%, respectively, whereas, rutin, gallic acid, and quercetin amounts in leaves are 25.16, 8.57, and 10.47%, respectively. In stem the amounts of rutin, gallic acid, and quercetin are 13.02, 5.89, and 7.47%, respectively. In root, only quercetin has been obtained that is 13.49%. The HPLC is an analytical method, which was found to be an excellent technique for determination of rutin, gallic acid, and quercetin using deep eutectic solvent extraction from plant parts of Catharanthus roseus.

scholarly journals Customized Deep Eutectic Solvents as Green Extractants for Ultrasonic-Assisted Enhanced Extraction of Phenolic Antioxidants from Dogbane Leaf-Tea

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 2527
Author(s):  
Ruimin Wang ◽  
Weimin Zhang ◽  
Ruiping He ◽  
Wu Li ◽  
Lu Wang
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Choline Chloride ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvents ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Wall Structure ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Phenolic Antioxidants ◽  
High Efficient ◽  
Ultrasonic Assisted

This study evaluates the application of eco-friendly deep eutectic solvents (DESs) in the extraction of phenolic antioxidants from dogbane leaf-tea (DLT). The results showed DESs with lower viscosity allowed an efficient extraction of significantly higher contents of total phenolics or flavonoids. An innovative and high-efficient solvent, choline chloride-levulinic acid (ChCl-LevA), was screened and used in ultrasonic-assisted extraction (UAE) of phenolic compounds from DLT. According to full factorial design experimental results, total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), antioxidant activity, and anti-α-glucosidase activity (α-GIA) of the DLT extracts were simultaneously optimized by response surface methodology. Sonication temperature and water content in ChCl-LevA were found to be the major factors affecting the TPC, TFC, antioxidant activity, and α-GIA of DLT extracts. Under the optimum parameters (water content in ChCl-LevA was 45%, sonication temperature was 50 °C, and extraction time was 30 min), the measured results for all the responses were obtained as follows: TPC-91.38 ± 7.20 mg GAE/g DW, TFC-84.12 ± 3.47 mg RE/g DW, ABTS+-492 ± 7.33 mmol TE/g DW, FRAP-6235 ± 121 μmol Fe(II)/g DW and α-GIA-230 ± 7.59 mmol AE/g DW, which were consistent with the predicted values. In addition, strongly significant positive correlations were observed between TPC/TFC and bio-activities of the DLT extracts. HPLC results indicated high contents of (-)-epigallocatechin (4272 ± 84.86 μg/g DW), catechin (5268 ± 24.53 μg/g DW), isoquercitrin (3500 ± 86.07 μg/g DW), kaempferol 3-O-rutinoside (3717 ± 97.71 μg/g DW), and protocatechuic acid (644 ± 1.65 μg/g DW) were observed in the DLT extracts. In contrast to other extraction methods, ChCl-LevA-based UAE yielded higher TPC, TFC, individual phenolic contents, stronger antioxidant activity, and α-GIA. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis further confirmed that ChCl-LevA-based UAE enhanced the disruption of cell wall structure, thereby making more phenolic antioxidants released from DLT. In short, ChCl-LevA-based UAE was confirmed to be an innovative and high-efficient method for extraction of phenolic antioxidants from DLT. Dogbane leaves can be considered as a good tea source rich in natural antioxidants.

scholarly journals Extraction of Anthocyanins from Borage (Echium amoenum) Flowers Using Choline Chloride and a Glycerol-Based, Deep Eutectic Solvent: Optimization, Antioxidant Activity, and In Vitro Bioavailability

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 134
Author(s):  
Oscar Zannou ◽  
Hojjat Pashazadeh ◽  
Mohamed Ghellam ◽  
Salam A. Ibrahim ◽  
Ilkay Koca
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Choline Chloride ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvent ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Total Anthocyanin ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Echium Amoenum

Borage flower (Echium amoenum), an annual herb native to the Mediterranean region, is an excellent source of anthocyanins and is widely used in various forms due to its biological activities. In the present study, a choline chloride and glycerol (CHGLY)-based natural deep eutectic solvent (NADES) was applied in order to extract the anthocyanins from borage flowers. The traditional solvents, including water, methanol, and ethanol, were used to evaluate the efficiency of CHGLY. The results showed that CHGLY was highly efficient compared to the traditional solvents, providing the highest amounts of the total anthocyanin content (TAC), total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), individual anthocyanins, and antioxidant activity (DPPH radical scavenging (DPPH) and ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays). The most dominant anthocyanin found in studied borage was cyanidin-3-glucoside, followed by cyanin chloride, cyanidin-3-rutinoside, and pelargonidin-3-glucoside. The bioavailability % was 71.86 ± 0.47%, 77.29 ± 0.57%, 80.22 ± 0.65%, and 90.95 ± 1.01% for cyanidin-3-glucoside, cyanidin-3-rutinoside, by pelargonidin-3-glucoside and cyanin chloride, respectively. However, cyanidin-3-glucoside was the anthocyanin compound showing the highest stability (99.11 ± 1.66%) in the gastrointestinal environment. These results suggested that choline chloride and glycerol-based NADES is not only an efficient, eco-friendly solvent for the extraction of anthocyanins but can also be used to increase the bioavailability of anthocyanins.

Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents (NaDESs) as Alternative Green Extraction Media for Ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe)

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 576-599
Author(s):  
Andromachi Tzani ◽  
Styliani Kalafateli ◽  
Grigorios Tatsis ◽  
Maria Bairaktari ◽  
Ioanna Kostopoulou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Total Phenolic Content ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Zingiber Officinale ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvents ◽  
Extraction Time ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents ◽  
Zingiber Officinale Roscoe

The extraction of valuable phytochemicals from natural sources is an important and constantly evolving research area. Zingiber officinale Roscoe (ginger) contains high amounts of bioactive phytochemicals, which are desirable due to their significant properties. In this work, the ability of different natural deep eutectic solvents (NaDESs) to serve as green solvents for the preparation of high added value extracts from ginger is explored, in combination with ultrasound assisted extraction. The method was optimized by applying a response surface methodology using the NaDES Bet/La/W (1:2:2.5). Three independent variables, namely the extraction time, ultrasound power and NaDES-to-dry-ginger ratio, were investigated by employing a 17-run three-level Box–Behnken Design (BBD) in order to study the correlation between the extraction conditions and the quality of the obtained extracts. The optimum conditions (in order to achieve simultaneously maximum total phenolic content and antioxidant activity), were found to be 23.8 min extraction time, 60 Watt and NaDES/ginger 25:1 w/w. In the optimum conditions the DPPH radical scavenging ability of the extracts was found to reach IC50 = 18.16 mg/mL after 120 min, whereas the TPC was 20.10 ± 0.26 mg GAE/g of dry ginger. The green methodology was also compared with the extraction using conventional solvents. All the obtained extracts were evaluated for their antioxidant activity and their total phenolic content, while the extract derived by the optimum extraction conditions was further investigated for its ability to bind to calf thymus DNA (ctDNA).

Retention of total phenolic content and antioxidant activity in the concentration of broccoli extract by progressive freeze concentration

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aisyah N. H. Azhar ◽  
Mohanadharshini Panirselvam ◽  
Nurul A. Amran ◽  
Muhammad S. H. Ruslan ◽  
Shafirah Samsuri
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Total Phenolic Content ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Coolant Temperature ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Freezing Time ◽  
Freeze Concentration ◽  
Stirring Rate

AbstractA conventional evaporation is known to involve high temperature process which could destroy the heat-sensitive compound in a plant extract. In this study, a green and low-cost alternative concentration technique namely progressive freeze concentration (PFC) has been introduced to concentrate broccoli extract. A stirred cylindrical crystallizer was used to freeze the added solvent (water) in the extraction process. The changes in effective partition constant (K), antioxidant activity (AA) and total phenolic content (TPC) of the extract, were analysed at a different reading of coolant temperature, freezing time and stirring rate. From the findings, it was found that an amount of 0.003180 mg GAE/g of total phenolic content and 86.10% of antioxidant activity were retained through the PFC process at a coolant temperature of −6 °C, freezing time of 45 min and stirring rate of 100. Besides, the lowest K value achieved was 0.08 which outstandingly portrays an efficient PFC process.

scholarly journals OPTIMIZATION OF MICROWAVE- AND ULTRASONIC-ASSISTED EXTRACTION OF MAHKOTA DEWA (PHALERIA MACROCARPA [SCHEFF.] BOERL.) FRUIT PULP

2020 ◽  
pp. 32-37
Author(s):  
ROSITA HANDAYANI ◽  
ANDRE BANGUN ◽  
PASKAH DEWI DEBORAH ◽  
ABDUL MUN’IM
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Choline Chloride ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvent ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Solvent Ratio ◽  
Water Addition ◽  
Assisted Extraction ◽  
Ultrasonic Assisted ◽  
Ultrasonic Assisted Extraction

Objective: This work aimed to determine the optimal extraction conditions of Mahkota dewa using different extraction methods: microwave-assistedextraction with ethanol (MAE-ethanol), ultrasonic-assisted extraction using a choline chloride natural deep eutectic solvent (UAE-NADES), andSoxhlet and reflux extractions.Methods: Experimental design was performed through Box-Behnken. The efficiency of the methods was evaluated based on the total phenolic content(TPC) and antioxidant activity. The presence of relevant compounds was qualitatively assessed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).Results: For the MAE-ethanol method, optimum extraction was achieved with 65% ethanol, in 1 min under 30% microwave power, and a 1:12 sample–solvent ratio, which yielded a TPC and antioxidant activity of 62.79±0.74 mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/g powder and 30.48±0.32%, respectively. InUAE-NADES, the optimal conditions were choline chloride: lactic acid ratio of 1:4 with a 50% water addition, 20 min extraction (TPC and antioxidantactivity of 65.25 mg GAE/g powder and 26.45±0.02%). The Soxhlet and reflux methods gave a TPC of 49.68±0.59 and 50.98±0.54 mg GAE/g powder,and antioxidant activity of 22.87±0.13% and 25.97±0.34%, respectively. Qualitative HPLC analysis showed the presence of quercetin, mahkoside A,4,6-dihydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone-2-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, and mangiferin.Conclusion: MAE-ethanol was more efficient than the conventional Soxhlet and reflux methods and performed similarly to UAE-NADES in terms of TPC.

scholarly journals Assessment of Total Phenolic Content, In Vitro Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activity of Ruta graveolens L. Extracts Obtained by Choline Chloride Based Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents

Plants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentina Pavić ◽  
Dora Flačer ◽  
Martina Jakovljević ◽  
Maja Molnar ◽  
Stela Jokić
Keyword(s):  
Total Phenolic Content ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Antibacterial Property ◽  
Choline Chloride ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvents ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Ruta Graveolens ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents

Rue (R. graveolens) has been an extensively studied medicinal plant due to its rich phytochemicals content, such as furanocoumarins and flavonoids. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of varying extraction conditions on the total phenolic content, the antioxidant and antibacterial property of rue leaves crude extracts using deep eutectic solvents with different water content. These extraction conditions include the temperature and the extraction time. The extract obtained at 30 °C, with 20% water and at 90 min, with 13.3 µg mL−1 concentration, was found to possess the highest total phenolic content (38.24 ± 0.11 mg of GAE g−1 of DM) and the highest antioxidant activity (72.53 ± 0.31%). In this study, the same extract showed the best antibacterial efficiency against all the tested strains, especially gram-negative P. aeruginosa.

scholarly journals Antioxidant activity, total phenolic content and flavonoid concentrations of different plant parts of Teucrium polium L. subsp. polium

2012 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milan S. Stankovic ◽  
Neda Niciforovic ◽  
Vladimir Mihailovic ◽  
Marina Topuzovic ◽  
Slavica Solujic
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Green Tea ◽  
Total Phenolic Content ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Separate Analysis ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Teucrium Polium

Total phenolic content, concentration of flavonoids and in vitro antioxidant activity of twenty different extracts from the whole plant and plant parts (leaves, flowers and stems) of <em>Teucrium polium </em>were determined. The total phenolic contents ranged between 14.57 to 157.84 mg of GaA/g of extract. The concentrations of flavonoids varied from 6.48 to 139.87 mg of Ru/g of extract. Antioxidant activity was determined in vitro using DPPH reagent and expressed as concentration of each extract required to inhibit radical by 50% (<em>IC</em><sub>50</sub>) values that ranged from 26.30 to 2190.75 µg/ml. The methanolic leaves extract contain the greatest concentration of phenolic compounds (157.84 mg of GaA/g) and showed strong antioxidant activity (<em>IC</em><sub>50</sub> = 26.30 µg/ml). Ginkgo and Green tea extracts were analyzed for comparison, and the results indicated that some extracts of <em>T. polium </em>were equal in activity with Ginkgo or Green tea and some appeared to have greater activity. The obtained results suggest strong antioxidant activity and large contribution of separate analysis for the maximum exploitation of active phenolic compounds from <em>T. polium</em>. Based on this information, plant parts of this plant are natural sources of antioxidant substances of high importance.

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