Utilizing Formative Assessment to Encourage Study Strategy Modifications by Osteopathic Medical Students: An Observational Study

Abstract Objective: This study aimed to assess the medical students’ opinions and views on undertaking SLICE as a formative assessment. Methods: This was a qualitative, exploratory study. Purposive sampling technique was used to select final year medical students who have undertaken a formative assessment through SLICE in their clerkship rotation. Total 32 students participated in this study .Four sets of focus group discussions (FGD) were conducted from medical students who had recently gone through their clinical clerkship modules for Pediatrics, General Medicine, General Surgery and Gynecology& Obstetrics. Each recorded FGD was transcribed verbatim. Thematic analysis was conducted manually. Themes were identified from the transcribed data, coded and analyzed. In order to achieve adequate coding and researcher reliability, investigator triangulation was performed. The initial thematic analysis was performed by the primary investigator. Thereafter, two more investigators independently analyzed the data. Before the data was finalized, all the three investigators reached a final consensus upon the themes that had emerged, ensuring triangulation of the analyzed data. Results: A four staged thematic analysis was conducted, in which five major themes and five sub-themes emerged. The main themes being: Purpose, Learning, Timing, Relevancy and Fairness of SLICE. Conclusion: The students generally thought that SLICE was effective in enhancing their clinical skills learning and should be conducted more frequently with minor adjustments. Continuous...

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CORRELATION OF DIFFICULTY INDEX AND DISCRIMINATING INDEX IN MEDICAL STUDENT’S ASSESSMENT.

10.36106/7900595 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 9-10

Author(s):

Bhoomika R. Chauhan ◽

Jayesh Vaza ◽

Girish R. Chauhan ◽

Pradip R. Chauhan

Keyword(s):

Medical Students ◽

Formative Assessment ◽

Item Difficulty ◽

Multiple Choice ◽

Multiple Choice Questions ◽

Discriminating Power ◽

Good Discriminator ◽

Difficulty Index ◽

The Relationship

Multiple choice questions are nowadays used in competitive examination and formative assessment to assess the student's eligibility and certification.Item analysis is the process of collecting,summarizing and using information from students' responses to assess the quality of test items.Goal of the study was to identify the relationship between the item difficulty index and item discriminating index in medical student's assessment. 400 final year medical students from various medical colleges responded 200 items constructed for the study.The responses were assessed and analysed for item difficulty index and item discriminating power. Item difficulty index an item discriminating power were analysed by statical methods to identify correlation.The discriminating power of the items with difficulty index in 40%-50% was the highest. Summary and Conclusion:Items with good difficulty index in range of 30%-70% are good discriminator.

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Empathy levels among first year Malaysian medical students: an observational study

Advances in Medical Education and Practice ◽

10.2147/amep.s58094 ◽

2014 ◽

pp. 149 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Brett Williams ◽

Sivalal Sadasivan ◽

Amudha Kadirvelu ◽

Alexander Olaussen

Keyword(s):

Medical Students ◽

Observational Study ◽

First Year

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Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Knowledge among University Students

Journal of Pharmaceutical Research International ◽

10.9734/jpri/2020/v32i3731000 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 26-33

Author(s):

Muhammad Shahid Iqbal ◽

Salah-Ud-Din Khan ◽

Eldowaik Mohamed Salah Saad ◽

Muhammad Zahid Iqbal

Keyword(s):

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis ◽

Medical Students ◽

Observational Study ◽

Social Science ◽

University Students ◽

Healthcare Provider ◽

The Other ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Adequate Knowledge ◽

Lateral Sclerosis

Objective: The objective of the study was to evaluate the knowledge of ALS among students in a university in Malaysia. Methods: A cross-sectional and observational study was performed among the students of three different healthcare provider faculties (Medical, Pharmacy and Dental) in a university with the help of pre-validated research questionnaire. The Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) Version 24.0 was used to analyze and present the data. Results: A total of 268 university students from three faculties participated in the current study. The medical faculty students and final year students had more appropriate knowledge towards the ALS. Conclusion: Overall appropriate knowledge was observed among the studied faculty students. The present study concluded that medical students had adequate knowledge of ALS than the other two faculty students.

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Use of masks in public places in Poland during SARS-Cov-2 epidemic: a covert observational study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-45405/v2 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Maria Ganczak ◽

Oskar Pasek ◽

lukasz Duda-Duma ◽

Dawid Świstara ◽

Marcin Korzeń

Keyword(s):

Health Promotion ◽

Medical Students ◽

Observational Study ◽

Communication Channels ◽

Public Spaces ◽

Transmission Risk ◽

Closed Space ◽

Public Places ◽

Young Males ◽

Over Time

Abstract Background: Face masks protect against SARS-Cov-2, however, if used incorrectly masks may increase transmission risk. Many countries, including Poland, recommend masks in pandemic control plans. In Poland, obligatory wearing of masks in public spaces was introduced on April 10th, 2020 [18]; a relaxation of previous universal measures was announced on May 29th, 2020, limiting use to indoor public spaces.Objective: to assess use of masks or other protective devices in public spaces in Poland during the SARS-Cov-2 epidemic and to evaluate influencing determinants.Methods: A non-participatory covert observational study was conducted on three dates, (10.05/18.05/ 25.05.2020) at public spaces in 13 regions with different risks. Ten consecutive individuals were observed by each of 82 medical students (n=2460 observations), using a structured checklist.Results: Among 2353 observed persons, the female/male ratios were 1.0, 1.1, and 1.0 on the three dates. As for age, 21-60-year-olds predominated at 70.8%, 71.9%, and 70.2%; 73.6% (n=552/750) were using masks on date 1, 66.5% (544/818) on date 2; and 65.7% (516/785) on date 3. Cloth masks predominated on all dates (64.7%-62.3%-62.6%), followed by medical (23.4%-28.5%-26.9%). Being female (OR=1.75-1.47-1.53 respectively), aged >40 years (OR=1.46-1.48 respectively), and location in a closed space (OR=2.56-2.63-2.36) were each associated with higher usage. Participants in sports were about two times less likely to use masks (OR=0.64-0.54-0.5) as compared to other activities. The proportion using masks correctly decreased gradually over time (364/552; 65.9%; 339/544; 62.3% and 304/516; 58.9%). More females wore masks correctly (date 1: 205/294; 69.7% vs 159/258; 61.6%, and date 3: 186/284; 65.5% vs 118/232; 50.9%; p=0.045; p=0.0008 respectively). Uncovered noses (47.3%-52.7%) and masks around the neck (39.2%-42.6%) were the most frequent incorrect practices. Conclusions: Practices were not in line with official recommendations, especially among young males, and deteriorated over time. Cloth masks were predominantly used in public spaces. Health promotion, through utilizing all available communication channels, would be helpful to increase compliance.

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Prevalência de arritmias em estudantes da área da saúde

Espaço para a Saúde - Revista de Saúde Pública do Paraná ◽

10.22421/1517-7130/es.2021v22.e714 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Gabryelle Daghetti ◽

Julia Maria Fujii Kato ◽

Daniele Bruch ◽

Juliano Mendes Souza

Keyword(s):

Medical Students ◽

Observational Study ◽

Retrospective Cohort ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Structured Interview ◽

Quantitative Approach ◽

Cardiovascular Changes ◽

Emotional Demand ◽

Academic Activities ◽

Nursing Courses

This observational study analyzed the prevalence of arrhythmias in healthcare students using a retrospective cohort of quantitative approach. The research was carried out with the application of a structured interview and an electrocardiogram. Students from pharmacy, biomedicine,medicine, psychology, and nursing courses participated. A higher prevalence of arrhythmias was demonstrated in medical students with no statistical significance. What groups had in common was the presence of symptoms that may or may not be related to cardiovascular changes, such as dizziness and palpitation, which may be directly related to the high emotional demand from academic activities overload.

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Prevalence of Sthoulya (obesity) and Karshya (underweight) in medical students with special reference to body mass index: An observational study

Journal of Indian System of Medicine ◽

10.4103/jism.jism_1_20 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 35

Author(s):

AdityaManohar Tiwari ◽

Vinod Ade ◽

PallaviM Patle

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Medical Students ◽

Observational Study ◽

Special Reference ◽

Body Mass

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Blood Group Distribution and Its Relationship with Bleeding Time and Clotting Time: A Medical School Based Observational Study among Nepali, Indian and Sri Lankan Students

Nepal Journal of Epidemiology ◽

10.3126/nje.v1i4.5755 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 1 (4) ◽

pp. 135-140 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Bedanta Roy ◽

Indrajit Banerjee ◽

Brijesh Sathian ◽

Monami Mondal ◽

Chhanchu Gopal Saha

Keyword(s):

Medical Students ◽

Observational Study ◽

Blood Group ◽

Bleeding Time ◽

Additional Risk Factor ◽

Sri Lankan ◽

Clotting Time ◽

Blood Group A ◽

Group A ◽

Indian Students

Background Blood group, Bleeding Time and Clotting time are clinically useful tests, extensively used during blood transfusion, platelet disorders and a variety of forms of treatment in hospitals. The objective of our study was to assess the country wise distribution of blood groups and to compare the country wise bleeding time and clotting time with respect to blood group. Material and Methods This Observational Study has been performed at Manipal College of Medical Sciences, during the period of 1st May 2010 to 31st August–2011. The study was carried out on the undergraduate medical students of Basic sciences and included assessment of Bleeding time, Clotting time and Blood grouping by standard procedures. Results 261 medical students participated in the study. Among the Nepalese students, 30.5% had blood group A, 28.9% B, 5.5% AB and remaining 35.2% O. among the Indian students, 22.8% were blood group A, 45.7% B, 7.6% AB and 23.9% O. In Sri Lankan students, 22% had blood group A, 19.5% B, 4.9% AB, and 53.7% blood group O. Among Nepalese students, BT was higher in blood group A (163.85 seconds) as compared to Indians (154.29Sec) and Sri Lankans (133.33 sec). Nepalese students with AB blood group had higher BT (171.43 sec). Indian students with blood group A had comparatively higher clotting time (328.57 sec) followed by Nepali (276.15 sec) and then Sri Lankan students (270 sec). Girls are 4.432 times more prone for bleeding time greater than 4 minutes and 2.453 times for clotting time value above 6 minutes as compared to males. Conclusion Our study suggests that O blood group is predominant in Nepalese students while Blood group B was the most common blood group in the Indian students. We found higher BT and CT in females, which are more prominent in Indians, so this gender disparity is an additional risk factor for them. Health Ministries of respective countries have to improve the proper health care policies required for prevention and management of blood group diseases, bleeding time and clotting time related disorders like Hypoprothrombinemia and Thrombocytopenia.http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/nje.v1i4.5755 Nepal Journal of Epidemiology 2011;1(4):135-140

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Investigating Wilms’ Tumours Worldwide: A Report of the OxPLORE Collaboration—A Cross-Sectional Observational Study

World Journal of Surgery ◽

10.1007/s00268-019-05213-6 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 44 (1) ◽

pp. 295-302 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

K. Ford ◽

S. Gunawardana ◽

E. Manirambona ◽

G. S. Philipoh ◽

B. Mukama ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Medical Students ◽

Observational Study ◽

Research Collaboration ◽

Multidisciplinary Treatment ◽

High Income ◽

Junior Doctors ◽

Paediatric Surgery ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Oncology Research ◽

The Uk

Abstract Background Childhood cancer is neglected within global health. Oxford Pediatrics Linking Oncology Research with Electives describes early outcomes following collaboration between low- and high-income paediatric surgery and oncology centres. The aim of this paper is twofold: to describe the development of a medical student-led research collaboration; and to report on the experience of Wilms’ tumour (WT). Methods This cross-sectional observational study is reported as per STROBE guidelines. Collaborating centres included three tertiary hospitals in Tanzania, Rwanda and the UK. Data were submitted by medical students following retrospective patient note review of 2 years using a standardised data collection tool. Primary outcome was survival (point of discharge/death). Results There were 104 patients with WT reported across all centres over the study period (Tanzania n = 71, Rwanda n = 26, UK n = 7). Survival was higher in the high-income institution [87% in Tanzania, 92% in Rwanda, 100% in the UK (X2 36.19, p < 0.0001)]. Given the short-term follow-up and retrospective study design, this likely underestimates the true discrepancy. Age at presentation was comparable at the two African sites but lower in the UK (one-way ANOVA, F = 0.2997, p = 0.74). Disease was more advanced in Tanzania at presentation (84% stage III–IV cf. 60% and 57% in Rwanda and UK, respectively, X2 7.57, p = 0.02). All patients had pre-operative chemotherapy, and a majority had nephrectomy. Post-operative morbidity was higher in lower resourced settings (X2 33.72, p < 0.0001). Methodology involving medical students and junior doctors proved time- and cost-effective. This collaboration was a valuable learning experience for students about global research networks. Conclusions This study demonstrates novel research methodology involving medical students collaborating across the global south and global north. The comparison of outcomes advocates, on an institutional level, for development in access to services and multidisciplinary treatment of WT.

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