scholarly journals Use of Modern Digital Technologies in Agriculture in Slovenia

2020 ◽  
pp. 39-44
Author(s):  
Denis Stajnko
Keyword(s):  
Precision Agriculture ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Pulse Width Modulation ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
Doctoral Study ◽  
Current State ◽  
Study Programme ◽  
Electro Magnetic

The presentation summarises the development and current state-of-the-art of the Doctoral Study Programme ‘Agriculture’, and researches carried out in the Faculty of Agriculture Life Sciences in the field of the use of modern digital technologies in precision agriculture, such as the application of image analysis for fruit yield estimation. A second important topic represents the reduction of plant protection products in orchards, which is based on 3D tree reconstruction with LIDAR (Laser Detection and Ranging) and EMV (Electro Magnetic Valve) triggering in pulse width modulation. First experiments towards a future self-guided tractor driving, spraying or weed management by simply navigating a field robot has already been developed and tested.

scholarly journals Field assessment of a pulse width modulation (PWM) spray system applying different spray volumes: duty cycle and forward speed effects on vines spray coverage

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Grella ◽  
Fabrizio Gioelli ◽  
Paolo Marucco ◽  
Ingrid Zwertvaegher ◽  
Eric Mozzanini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Precision Agriculture ◽  
Pulse Width ◽  
Pulse Width Modulation ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Advanced Technology ◽  
Real Field ◽  
Spray Application ◽  
Spray System

AbstractThe pulse width modulation (PWM) spray system is the most advanced technology to obtain variable rate spray application without varying the operative sprayer parameters (e.g. spray pressure, nozzle size). According to the precision agriculture principles, PWM is the prime technology that allows to spray the required amount where needed without varying the droplet size spectra which benefits both the uniformity of spray quality and the spray drift reduction. However, some concerns related to the effect of on–off solenoid valves and the alternating on/off action of adjacent nozzles on final uneven spray coverage (SC) have arisen. Further evaluations of PWM systems used for spraying 3D crops under field conditions are welcomed. A tower-shaped airblast sprayer equipped with a PWM was tested in a vineyard. Twelve configurations, combining duty cycles (DC: 30, 50, 70, 100%) and forward speeds (FS: 4, 6, 8 km h−1), were tested. Two methodologies, namely field-standardized and real field conditions, were adopted to evaluate the effect of DC and FS on (1) SC variability (CV%) along both the sprayer travel direction and the vertical spray profile using long water sensitive papers (WSP), and (2) SC uniformity (IU, index value) within the canopy at different depths and heights, respectively. Furthermore, the SC (%) and deposit density (Nst, no stains cm−2), determined using short WSP, were used to evaluate the spray application performances taking into account the spray volumes applied. Under field-controlled conditions, the pulsing of the PWM system affects both the SC variability measured along the sprayer travel direction and along the vertical spray profile. In contrast, under real field conditions, the PWM system does not affect the uniformity of SC measured within the canopy. The relationship between SC and Nst allowed identification of the ranges of 200–250 and 300–370 l ha−1 as the most suitable spray volumes to be applied for insecticide and fungicide plant protection products, respectively.

Weed control in minor crops in Spain after adoption of European regulation 1107/2009/EC and directive 2009/128/EC

2017 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
MI Santín-Montanyá ◽  
AP Fernández-Getino ◽  
JL Alonso-Prados
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
Integrated Weed Management ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
The European Union ◽  
European Regulation

Vegetable crops have become a source of great economic importance to many countries, particularly Spain. Crops should be protected from weeds in their early stages of development to prevent yield loss. It must be noted that there are limited registered herbicides for minor regional horticultural crops that generate little commercial interest. In this article, we discuss the implementation of European Regulation (Directive on Sustainable Use of Pesticides 2009/128/EC) in National Action Plans regarding horticultural minor use crops and the use of plant protection products with reference to evidence from Spain. The Spanish National Action Plan for the Sustainable Use of Plant Protection Products was implemented in 2012 by the Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Environment. Studies of the critical period of competition for weed control are a key component to help in developing a clear scheme that can be used for the design of effective integrated weed management programs. We highlight the urgent need for research and investigation into these areas and specifically ‘minor use’ crops due to the significant reduction of active substances approved in the European Union.

scholarly journals A Small Versatile Electrical Robot for Autonomous Spraying in Agriculture

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 391-402 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cantelli ◽  
Bonaccorso ◽  
Longo ◽  
Melita ◽  
Schillaci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Precision Agriculture ◽  
Management System ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Autonomous Vehicle ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
Labor Costs ◽  
Innovative Solution ◽  
The Right ◽  
High Degree

Boosting innovation and research in the agricultural sector is crucial if farmers are asked to produce more with less. Precision agriculture offers different solutions to assist farmers in improving efficiency and reducing labor costs while respecting the legal requirements. Precision spraying enables the treatment of only the plants that require it, with the right amount of products. Our research group has developed a solution based on a reconfigurable vehicle with a high degree of automation for the distribution of plant protection products in vineyards and greenhouses. The synergy between the vehicle and the spraying management system we developed is an innovative solution with high technological content, and attempts to account for the current European and global directives in the field of agricultural techniques. The objectives of our system are the development of an autonomous vehicle and a spraying management system that allows safe and accurate autonomous spraying operations.

scholarly journals Mineral-Ecological Cropping Systems—A New Approach to Improve Ecosystem Services by Farming without Chemical Synthetic Plant Protection

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1710
Author(s):  
Beate Zimmermann ◽  
Ingrid Claß-Mahler ◽  
Moritz von Cossel ◽  
Iris Lewandowski ◽  
Jan Weik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Precision Agriculture ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
Agricultural Landscapes ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
Provisioning Ecosystem Services

The search for approaches to a holistic sustainable agriculture requires the development of new cropping systems that provide additional ecosystem services beyond biomass supply for food, feed, material, and energy use. The reduction of chemical synthetic plant protection products is a key instrument to protect vulnerable natural resources such as groundwater and biodiversity. Together with an optimal use of mineral fertilizer, agroecological practices, and precision agriculture technologies, a complete elimination of chemical synthetic plant protection in mineral-ecological cropping systems (MECSs) may not only improve the environmental performance of agroecosystems, but also ensure their yield performance. Therefore, the development of MECSs aims to improve the overall ecosystem services of agricultural landscapes by (i) improving the provision of regulating ecosystem services compared to conventional cropping systems and (ii) improving the supply of provisioning ecosystem services compared to organic cropping systems. In the present review, all relevant research levels and aspects of this new farming concept are outlined and discussed based on a comprehensive literature review and the ongoing research project “Agriculture 4.0 without Chemical-Synthetic Plant Protection”.

scholarly journals Electrochemically activated water (ECHAW): history of discovery, specificity of the process, current state and prospects of its application under irrigation conditions

2021 ◽  
pp. 177-189
Author(s):  
M. I. Romashchenko ◽  
B. I. Konakov ◽  
V. V. Polishchuk ◽  
S. V. Usatyi
Keyword(s):  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Electrochemical Activation ◽  
Irrigation Systems ◽  
Current State ◽  
Activation Potential ◽  
History Of ◽  
Electrochemically Activated Water

The history of the discovery, the specificity of the process and the current state of the use of electrochemically activated water (ECHAW) in various sectors of the economy are analyzed and the possibilities of its use in irrigation are determined. It has been established that the most promising area of ​​application of ECHAW in irrigated agriculture are drip irrigation systems. The adding an anolyte to water during drip irrigation can significantly reduce (or even eliminate) the need to use plant protection products and the adding an catholyte significantly accelerates the development and increases the yield of agricultural crops against the background of improving product quality. The ecological consequences of this are the reduction of anthropogenic load on irrigated lands through the complete or partial replacement of chemical plant protection products with anolyte, which is an environmentally safe liquid; economic - increasing profitability and reducing the payback period of land irrigation projects. It has been determined that the prospect of using ECHAW in drip irrigation systems is due to the fact that the water supply technology allows supplying catholyte and anolyte to the field with minimal losses of activation potential. A predisposing factor for the use of ECHAW in drip irrigation systems is also their design according to a modular principle, which contributes to the possibility of equipping water treatment units of systems with ECHAW modules. At the same time, the design of systems should be carried out taking into account not only the need to ensure uniform distribution of water by droppers over the field, but also with the preservation of the activation potential of electrochemically activated components of irrigation water. Based on the foregoing, it can be considered that the development of means of electrochemical activation of water for irrigation needs, as well as technologies for the use of such water in growing crops is relevant and timely. The deployment of fundamental and applied research will contribute to the development of domestic equipment for the industrial production of ECHAW and will allow adapting the world technologies of their use to the conditions and needs of the Ukrainian manufacturer and consumer. The use of electrochemically activated water in drip irrigation systems can be especially effective.

scholarly journals Advancements of Spraying Technology in Agriculture

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fiaz Ahmad ◽  
Aftab Khaliq ◽  
Baijing Qiu ◽  
Muhammad Sultan ◽  
Jing Ma
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Precision Agriculture ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Utilization Rate ◽  
Design Development ◽  
Pesticide Application

Plant protection activities are most important practices during crop production. Application of maximum pesticide products with the sprayer. The application of fungicides, herbicides, and insecticides is one of the most recurrent and significant tasks in agriculture. Conventional agricultural spraying techniques have made the inconsistency between economic growth and environmental protection in agricultural production. Spraying techniques continuously developed in recent decades. For pesticide application, it is not the only sprayer that is essential, but all the parameters like the type and area of the plant canopy, area of a plant leaf, height of the crop, and volume of plants related to plant protection product applications are very important for obtaining better results. From this point of view, the advancement in agriculture sprayer has been started in last few decades. Robotics and automatic spraying technologies like variable rate sprayers, UAV sprayers, and electrostatic sprayers are growing to Increase the utilization rate of pesticides, reduce pesticide residues, real-time, cost-saving, high compatibility of plant protection products application. These technologies are under the “umbrella” of precision agriculture. The mechanized spraying system, usually implemented by highly precise equipment or mobile robots, which, makes possible the selective targeting of pesticide application on desire time and place. These advanced spraying technologies not only reduces the labour cost but also effective in environmental protection. Researchers are conducting experimental studies on the design, development and testing of precision spraying technologies for crops and orchards.

INCREASING THE EFFICIENCY OF THE CROP MANAGEMENT SYSTEM BASED ON DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 121-127
Author(s):  
Guzaliya Klychova ◽  
Alsu Zakirova ◽  
Ayrat Valiev ◽  
Al'fiya Yusupova ◽  
Amina Husainova
Keyword(s):  
Management System ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Crop Management ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
Unmanned Vehicles ◽  
Human Potential ◽  
Material Resources

The increased attention to the topic of digital agriculture on the part of the state and high competition contribute to the use of new technological mechanisms and methods of work by agricultural producers, which are based on the use of Internet technologies, satellite navigation, robotics, sensors and sensors, and unmanned vehicles. One of the most important branches of agriculture that ensures the country's food security is crop production. For the development of crop production, it is necessary to solve the problems of reducing the quantity and quality of the resulting crop due to inadequate nutrition and care, untimely harvesting and improper storage. To increase the efficiency and sustainability of the industry, digitalization is required, both of production systems and decision-making processes at all levels of management. The purpose of the study is to develop recommendations to improve the efficiency of the crop management system based on digital technologies. The study examines the stages of a digital crop management system: accounting of sown areas with the maintenance of an electronic map of fields; organization of crop rotation, taking into account the organizational, soil-climatic and economic aspects of production; monitoring the performance of technological operations; control over agricultural machinery with the formation of primary documents for accounting for work performed; maintaining a subsystem of material resources using precision farming; filling out technological maps and accounting for the actual work performed, reflecting the list of works, the composition of agricultural units, the timing of operations, the rates of production and consumption of fuel, the need for seeds, fertilizers, plant protection products, the cost of resources. The digitalization of agricultural processes makes it possible to increase yields, productivity and efficiency in the use of material resources, technology and human potential

Digitalization in the system of anti-corruption measures

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 51-55
Author(s):  
OLEG N. KORCHAGIN ◽  
◽  
ANASTASIA V. LYADSKAYA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Big Data ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Public Administration ◽  
Network Architecture ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Current State ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
Separate Area ◽  
Private Business Sector ◽  
The Given

The article is devoted to the current state of digitalization aimed at solving urgent problems of combating corruption in the field of public administration and private business sector. The work considers the experience of foreign countries and the influence of digital technologies on the fight against corruption. It is noted that the digitalization of public administration is becoming one of the decisive factors for increasing the efficiency of the anti-corruption system and improving management mechanisms. Big Data, if integrated and structured according to the given parameters, allows the implementation of legislative, law enforcement, control and supervisory and law enforcement activities reliably and transparently. Big Data tools allow us to analyze processes, identify dependencies and predict corruption risks. The author describes the most significant problems that complicate the transfer of offline technologies into the online environment. The paper analyzes promising directions for the development of digital technologies that would lead to solving the arising problems, as well as to implement tasks that previously seemed unreachable. The article also describes current developments in the field of collecting and managing large amounts of data, the “Internet of Things”, modern network architecture, and other advances in the field of IT; the work provides applied examples of their potential use in the field of combating corruption. The study gives reasons that, in the context of combating corruption, digitalization should be allocated in a separate area of activity that is controlled and regulated by the state.

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