INCREASING THE EFFICIENCY OF THE CROP MANAGEMENT SYSTEM BASED ON DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 121-127
Author(s):  
Guzaliya Klychova ◽  
Alsu Zakirova ◽  
Ayrat Valiev ◽  
Al'fiya Yusupova ◽  
Amina Husainova
Keyword(s):  
Management System ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Crop Management ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
Unmanned Vehicles ◽  
Human Potential ◽  
Material Resources

The increased attention to the topic of digital agriculture on the part of the state and high competition contribute to the use of new technological mechanisms and methods of work by agricultural producers, which are based on the use of Internet technologies, satellite navigation, robotics, sensors and sensors, and unmanned vehicles. One of the most important branches of agriculture that ensures the country's food security is crop production. For the development of crop production, it is necessary to solve the problems of reducing the quantity and quality of the resulting crop due to inadequate nutrition and care, untimely harvesting and improper storage. To increase the efficiency and sustainability of the industry, digitalization is required, both of production systems and decision-making processes at all levels of management. The purpose of the study is to develop recommendations to improve the efficiency of the crop management system based on digital technologies. The study examines the stages of a digital crop management system: accounting of sown areas with the maintenance of an electronic map of fields; organization of crop rotation, taking into account the organizational, soil-climatic and economic aspects of production; monitoring the performance of technological operations; control over agricultural machinery with the formation of primary documents for accounting for work performed; maintaining a subsystem of material resources using precision farming; filling out technological maps and accounting for the actual work performed, reflecting the list of works, the composition of agricultural units, the timing of operations, the rates of production and consumption of fuel, the need for seeds, fertilizers, plant protection products, the cost of resources. The digitalization of agricultural processes makes it possible to increase yields, productivity and efficiency in the use of material resources, technology and human potential

scholarly journals Crop Management System Based on Digital Technologies

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 00188
Author(s):  
A.R. Zakirova ◽  
G.S. Klychova ◽  
A.R. Yusupova ◽  
I.G. Nikitenko ◽  
A.M. Zakirov
Keyword(s):  
Management System ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Crop Management ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Unmanned Vehicles ◽  
Human Potential ◽  
Material Resources ◽  
Crop Farming

Crop farming is one of the most important branches of agriculture that ensures the food security of the country. For crop farming development, it is necessary to solve the problems of reducing the quantity and quality of the resulting crop due to insufficient nutrition and care, untimely harvesting and improper storage. To increase the efficiency and sustainability of the industry, it is necessary to digitalize both the production systems and decision-making processes at all levels of management. The study considers the stages of a digital crop management system: accounting for acreage with an electronic field map; organization of crop rotation taking into account organizational, soil-climatic and economic aspects of production; monitoring of technological operations; control of agricultural machinery with the formation of primary documents for accounting for completed works; maintaining a subsystem of material resources using the technic of precision farming; filling in technological maps and accounting for actually completed works with a list of works, the composition of agricultural aggregates, the timing of operations, production rates and fuel consumption, the need for seeds, fertilizers, plant protection products, and the cost of resources. The increased attention to the problem of digital agriculture on the part of the state and the highly competitive environment promote the use of new technological mechanisms and methods of work by agricultural producers, which are based on the use of Internet technologies, satellite navigation, robotics, sensors and sensors, and unmanned vehicles. Digitalization of agricultural processes allows increasing crop productivity, the efficiency of using material resources, equipment and human potential.

scholarly journals Scientific bases of the control system improvement of material and monetary resources by agricultural production

2019 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-150
Author(s):  
S. V. Makrak
Keyword(s):  
National Economy ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Management System ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Positive Trend ◽  
Material Resources ◽  
Arable Farming

Gaining gross production in all the sectors of the national economy in short term is constrained by the limited available resource potential, as well material and cash resources. Level of material and cash costs predetermines the competitiveness of products as well in both domestic and foreign markets. In this regard, issue of efficient management system for  material resources, especially for agricultural sector, is becoming increasingly vital. It happens due to the fact that aggregate gross production level in this industry should have a positive trend of growth in order to achieve food security and increase export potential of the national economy. At the same time, management of material resources in agriculture has its own peculiarities, and management efficiency is predetermined in particular by the best combination of mineral fertilizers, plant protection products and other resources combined with the production and economic potential of a particular region or agricultural companies. The paper dwells on systematic analysis of material and cash costs in agricultural production, as well as for branches of arable farming and livestock breeding; particular attention is paid to the natural consumption of material resources under the nomenclature as a key factor determining the competitiveness of agricultural products. The main directions for improving the material resources management system for three levels (macro, micro and nano) have been substantiated, specific tools have been developed for implementing these directions, methodological implementation approaches have been proposed for each direction. Algorithm was developed and tested to substantiate the criteria for rational use of material and cash resources and to increase efficiency of agriculture. Factors (sectoral, regional and internal) are proposed having primary impact on the efficient consumption of material resources, taking into account the conditions of location and specialization of crop production. Method for assessing attractiveness of agro-resources supplier in conditions digital economy development has been proposed as an effective tool for managing material resources based on marketing approaches. The above mentioned developments can be used for drawing up regional development programs, business plans of agricultural organizations, for express analysis of suppliers at tenders for procurement of material resources for agriculture.

scholarly journals THE TECHNOLOGY OF CO-CULTURING OF POTATOES WITH HONEY PLANTS AND PROSPECTS OF ITS TECHNICAL SUPPORT

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan Voiku
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Economic Effect ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
Innovative Technology ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Soil Protection ◽  
Real Economy ◽  
The European Union

The right way out of the crisis of the agro-based industries is the maximum use of the opportunities of scientific and technological progress and the orientation of the real economy to innovative development. One of the promising technologies of crop production is an innovative technology in potato growing, which provides for the co-culturing of potatoes with honey crops. Phacelia tanacetifolia (PhaceliatanacetifoliaBenth) is selected as honey crop, which is a valuable green manure. It allows to reduce the need for organic and mineral fertilizers, increases the ecological cleanness of products, favors the growth of potato yield, provides the additional honey yield. Phacelia significantly improves the soil structure, displacing a significant part of weeds, providing natural loosening of the soil, protection from drying out, from pests and parasites. The co-culturing of potatoes with phacelia protects the environment from the use of dangerous plant protection products. If the economic effect is defined as the difference between the profits of innovative and traditional technologies, then, according to preliminary calculations, the level of profitability of innovative technology in potato growing is 1.9 times higher, and the profit from 1 ha is 1.6 times higher compared with the traditional technology. Large-scale development of the proposed technology is hampered by the lack of potato planters and seed planters, which provide planting of potatoes and sowing seeds of honey crops simultaneously, in the Russian market and the markets of the European Union. An innovative technology - mounted seeder for potato planters was developed by the staff members of the Pskov State University. The article describes the main agro-technological requirements to this device. A general model and a kinematic scheme were developed to visualize the combination of the working elements of the potato planter and the mounted seeder. The developed model falls into the type of seed planters, which is designed to sowing in drills the seeds of honey crops (phacelia) in the furrow between potatoes at the time of the forthcoming closing of this furrow by soil, and can be used in agricultural engineering. Potential consumers of the proposed innovative technology in potato growing and the developed mounted seeder are farm enterprises and agricultural production cooperatives, which have small plots of land, use crop rotation systems in potato growing, and work for reducing costs and increasing the yield of potato cultivation.

scholarly journals Past and future of sustainable viticulture in Switzerland

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 01013
Author(s):  
O. Viret ◽  
J.-L. Spring ◽  
V. Zufferey ◽  
K. Gindro ◽  
C. Linder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pest Management ◽  
Cover Crop ◽  
Mating Disruption ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Crop Management ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
Grape Berry ◽  
Calibration Development ◽  
Education Process

Switzerland is a pioneer country in the development of integrated production (IP) and integrated pest management (IPM). The overall goal is sustainability at the ecological, economic and social level to produce high quality grapes. In 1993, the IP-IPM head-organisation VITISWISS was created. The starting points were the improvement of pest management by the biocontrol of spider mites and the control of grape berry moths by mating disruption and an optimal soil management, followed over the years by state-of-the-art sprayer calibration, development of disease forecasting models (AgroMeteo, VitiMeteo), leaf-area adapted dosage of plant protection products, enhanced biodiversity, water and cover crop management. The efforts and the results gained in a continuous education process by the growers are considerable, but not enough for consumers and politics concerned by the use of plant protection products. The absence of acaricides and insecticides as well as forecasting systems available on the internet (www.agrometeo.ch) for the control of downy and powdery mildew, represent the major progresses. Where mechanisation is possible, herbicides can progressively be replaced by mechanical technics, which is not possible in steep vineyards. The general irrational unscientific trend against “synthetic” plant protection products requests alternatives for the control of fungal diseases and for cover crop management under the vine rows to avoid excessive water-nitrogen competition particularly in the actual context of climate change.

ANALYSIS OF SUPP LY LOGISTICS OF PRIVATE AGRICULTURAL FARMS IN THE ARTIFICIAL FERTILIZERS

2018 ◽  
Vol XX (3) ◽  
pp. 120-124
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Pakuła ◽  
Beata Kuziemska ◽  
Marcin Becher ◽  
Aleksandra Kiepuszewska
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
Npk Fertilizers ◽  
Cereal Cultivation ◽  
Phosphatic Fertilizers

The aim of the work was to assess the supplying process of production means in private farms with diversified area and profile production (mixed production – cattle breeding and cereal cultivation, and one-way production – cereal cultivation). Mineral fertilizers were bought by all surveyed farmers, the most – NPK fertilizers, the least – phosphatic fertilizers. Mineral fertilizers and plant protection products were bought most often twice a year and stored up to 7 days (mainly larger farms, regardless of the production profile). Lime fertilizers were purchased most often once a year, especially farms specialized in crop production.

scholarly journals Methods and Tools for Designing a Multi-Service Platform for Agricultural Enterprises

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 1660-1667
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Production Management ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Application Programming Interface ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Service Platform ◽  
Agricultural Enterprise

The paper dwells on the problems of developing an internet platform for support of decision-making and production management for an agricultural enterprise. The described system is an open environment which is capable of integrating third-party services with the application-programming interface (API), each service being an autonomous software component (agent) with its own criteria and target. Thus, planning is done through continuous interaction of agents within the multi-service platform, using the knowledge base for storing various data on crops, such as conditions of crop growing, characteristics and peculiarities of crop production, pests, plant diseases, soil types and their specific features, technological processes (maps) for crop growing, application of fertilizers and plant protection products, crop production economy, classes of agricultural machines and equipment. Thus, the result of scheduling is the work plan for a given time horizon. On top of that, the paper describes the first prototypes of smart services and their interaction, as well as the next steps for future research.

scholarly journals Comparative assessment of hazard of agricultural products contaminated by amid and triazol class fungicides consumption for children and adolescents of different age

2019 ◽  
pp. 62-66
Author(s):  
P.V. Stavnichenko ◽  
А.М. Antonenko ◽  
M.M. Korshun ◽  
S.Т. Omelchuk ◽  
V.G. Bardov
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
Preschool Age ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Potential Hazard ◽  
Daily Consumption ◽  
Multiple Introduction ◽  
Grade 3

Annually more than 2 million tons of chemical plant protection products are introduced into the fields of the planet due to the need to preserve the crop. However, with multiple introduction of persistent pesticides, soil can become a source of pollution of crop production. The Purpose of our work was to predict the danger for children of all ages when consuming agricultural products contaminated with fungicides of the amides and triazoles classes. Materials and Methods. For an integrated assessment of the potential hazard on a four-graded scale, the allowable daily intake, the half-life in plants, and the average daily consumption of the product were estimated. When estimating the average daily consumption of products for children under the age of 18, the safety coefficients were used. Results. According to the persistence in agricultural cultures, fungicides cyflufenamide and difenoconazole were classified as hazard classes 3 (moderately stable). By the integral indicator of the danger when consuming pesticide-contaminated products for adults, difenoconazole is very dangerous (grade 4), cyflufenamide —moderately dangerous (grade 3). Conclusion. It has been established that for children, depending on their age, both studied active substances can be from extremely dangerous for infants and children of preschool age to a low or moderately dangerous for adolescents. Key Words: risk, pesticides, food products, children.

Organizational and Economic Aspects of Increasing the Efficiency of Agricultural Production Based on Precision Farming Technologies

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 21-28
Author(s):  
V. Neyfel'd ◽  
M. Kadomceva
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Precision Farming ◽  
Regional Differentiation ◽  
Fixed Costs ◽  
State Management ◽  
Level Of Use

The article shows various aspects of increasing the efficiency of production of products of the plant growing sub-sector based on the introduction of precision farming technologies. An economic model for determining the potential for the introduction of precise technologies is presented, including the analysis of variable factors of production and the determination of the marginal product of labor in crop production, taking into account the acreage, yield, variable and fixed costs, the level of fertilization, plant protection products, profit and other factors. A significant regional differentiation in the level of use of precision farming technologies is revealed. The key factors that determine regional differentiation in the size of areas where elements of precision farming are used and the level of use of digitalization means in agricultural production have been identified. On the example of the Saratov region, the economic efficiency of the introduction of a precision farming system, including systems of parallel driving, differentiated sowing, differentiated fertilization, and harvesting logistics, has been proved. The directions of improving the system of state management of crop production using precision farming technologies based on the geographic information system of the region, including natural and cost indicators of crop production, distributed by geographic coordinates and aggregated with databases of commodity producers and cadastral land registration, have been developed.

GLOBAL G.A.P. AND INTEGRATED PLANT PRODUCTION AS A PART OF THE INTERNALIZATION OF AGRICULTURAL FARMS

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 430
Author(s):  
Marcin Niemiec ◽  
Monika Komorowska ◽  
Maciej Kuboń ◽  
Jakub Sikora ◽  
Oleg Ovcharuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Management System ◽  
Production Management ◽  
Quality Management System ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Plant Production ◽  
Traceability System ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Implementation Of Standards

Internationalization of farms involved in agricultural production requires ensuring appropriate quality of products, compliant with requirements of specific markets. Consumers from developed countries more and more often draw attention to the origin of food products and confirmation that they were produced in accordance with recognized environmental standards, while simultaneously respecting human rights. The aim of this research study was to assess the extent of changes in production technology and in the management system under conditions of implementing the GLOBAL G.A.P. system on selected fruit and vegetable farms associated in producer groups. The second aim was to evaluate the quantity of sold products along with specific certificates. The research was conducted in 2016; 91 vegetable farms and 71 fruit farms were studied. The results of the conducted research show that implementation of standards required creation of a quality management system on all the studied farms. The implementation of standards required creation of procedures for production management as well as the traceability system. The implementation of standards caused the necessity to change the infrastructure for storage and use of plant protection products and fertilizers, as well as infrastructure improving workers’ social conditions. The study results indicate that changes associated with the implementation of the GLOBAL G.A.P. standard applied more to vegetable farms than fruit farms. The implementation of the GLOBAL G.A.P. standard significantly increased producers’ chances to introduce products on the market through commercial networks and by selling them to foreign markets.  

ON VALUE EXTRACTION MECHANISM DURING COMMERCIALIZATION OF SELECTION BREEDING RESULTS

1970 ◽  
pp. 28-33
Author(s):  
S. V. Goncharov ◽  
V. V. Karpachev
Keyword(s):  
Value Chain ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
Agricultural Technologies ◽  
Extraction Mechanism ◽  
Glufosinate Ammonium ◽  
Innovative Methods ◽  
Portfolio Development ◽  
Total Seed

To increase the export of grain fat-and-oil products is required the improvement financing scientific research mechanism, since the effectiveness of all links in the value chain depends on the effectiveness of the selection. The mechanisms of value extraction in the implementation of breeding achievements include the use of hybrids, a combination of unique genotypes and production systems. The first component reduces the seeds portion of household use, excluding the royalty collection. From 57% to 79% of listed rapeseed entries in National Registers of nine countries are hybrids. The combination of unique traits in one genotype proved to be effective in the genetically modified (GM) crops, e.a. in "stacks" genotypes with two genes from alien species. The production system means technology with herbicide and seeds package offer. Based on genetic engineering, glufosinate ammonium, glyphosate and bromoxynil resistant seeds are bred and commercialized worldwide; 24% of rapeseed acreage out of the 39 million hectares are GM. Triazine, imidazolinone and sulfonylureas resistance is developed by classical breeding methods. There are three global leaders nowadays: Bayer CS, acquired Monsanto, with total seed sales $ 10.6 billion, Corteva Agriscience (agricultural Department of DowDuPont) ($ 7.3 billion) and Syngenta (acquired by ChemChina) ($ 2.3 billion). Mergers and acquisitions of global players in the pesticide and seed markets reshape the market of agricultural technologies as a set of innovative methods, databases and knowledge for the portfolio development with a package offer of plant protection products, seeds and digital solutions.

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