Investigation of the Possibilities of Using Soybean Oil as an Ecological Additive to Petroleum Diesel Fuel

2022 ◽  
pp. 39-52
Author(s):  
S.N. Devyanin ◽  
V.A. Markov ◽  
A.G. Levshin ◽  
T.P. Kobozeva ◽  
V.A. Neverov
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Soybean Oil ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Plant Raw Materials

One of the most important areas of internal combustion engine improvement is its adaptation to work on alternative fuels. Motor fuels obtained from renewable plant raw materials are considered to be promising alternative fuels. The article considers the possibility of using soybean oil as an ecological additive in petroleum diesel fuel. The features of soybean oil production and the physico-chemical properties of soybean oil and a mixture containing 80 % (by volume) of petroleum diesel fuel and 20 % of soybean oil are researched. Computational studies of the processes of fuel atomization and mixture formation in the D-245 diesel engine operating on mixtures of petroleum diesel fuel and seed oil have been performed. Experimental studies of the D-245 diesel engine operating on petroleum diesel fuel and the specified blended fuel have been carried out. Conversion of a diesel engine from petroleum fuel to mixed one leads to a decrease in integral emissions per test cycle: nitrogen oxides by 19.1 %, carbon monoxide — by 10.5 %, unburned hydrocarbons - by 8.9 %.

scholarly journals Performance of a diesel engine running on mixed biofuels with the addition of gasoline

2019 ◽  
Vol 140 ◽  
pp. 11004
Author(s):  
Vladimir Markov ◽  
Vyacheslav Kamaltdinov ◽  
Larisa Bykovskaya ◽  
Bowen Sa
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Nitrogen Oxides ◽  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Exhaust Gases

The significance of the paper is confirmed by the need to replace petroleum motor fuels with fuels produced from alternative energy sources. Biofuels derived from various vegetable resources are considered as promising alternative fuels for diesel engines. These fuels offer significant advantages with respect to the renewability of their raw materials and good emission performances when burned in ICEs. The main problem of using vegetable oils as biofuels for diesel engines is their high viscosity. This problem can be resolved by using mixed biofuels with the addition of gasoline. The analysis of physico-chemical properties of petroleum diesel fuel (DF) and mixed biofuels containing petroleum DF, rapeseed oil (RO) and AI-80 automotive gasoline was conducted. Experimental studies of the D-245.12S diesel fuelled with these mixed fuels were carried out. The mixed fuels were prepared from 80% DF + 20% RO, from 75% DF + 20% RO + 5% AI-80, and from 70% DF + 20% RO + 10% AI-80. It was shown that the addition of gasoline to mixed biofuels could improve two main toxicity indicators of exhaust gases exhaust gases smoke and emissions of nitrogen oxides. The best emission performance was achieved for the mixture of 70% DF, 20% RO and 10% AI-80. When the diesel engine was switched from the mixture of 80% DF and 20% RO to the mixture of 70% DF, 20% RO and 10% AI-80, the exhaust gases smoke at maximum torque mode decreased from 17.5 to 14.5% on the Hartridge scale, i.e. by 17.1%. The specific emissions of nitrogen oxides decreased from 6.559 to 6.154 g/(kW·h), i.e. by 6.2%.

USE OF NORTHERN ECOTYPE SOYBEANS FOR BIOFUEL PRODUCTION

2020 ◽  
pp. 22-30
Author(s):  
SERGEY N. DEVYANIN ◽  
◽  
VLADIMIR A. MARKOV ◽  
ALEKSANDR G. LEVSHIN ◽  
TAMARA P. KOBOZEVA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Soybean Oil ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Motor Fuel ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Exhaust Gases ◽  
Oil Productivity ◽  
Toxic Components

The paper presents the results of long-term research on the oil productivity and chemical composition of soybean oil of the Northern ecotype varieties in the Central Non-Black Earth Region. The authors consider its possible use for biodiesel production. Experiments on growing soybeans were carried out on the experimental fi eld of Russian State Agrarian University –Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy (2008-2019) on recognized ultra-early ripening varieties of the Northern ecotype Mageva, Svetlaya, Okskaya (ripeness group 000). Tests were set and the research results were analyzed using standard approved methods. It has been shown that in conditions of high latitudes (57°N), limited thermal resources of the Non-Chernozem zone of Russia (the sum of active temperatures of the growing season not exceeding 2000°С), the yield and productivity of soybeans depend on the variety and moisture supply. Over the years, the average yield of soybeans amounted to 1.94 … 2.62 t/ha, oil productivity – 388 … 544 kg/ha, oil content – 19…20%, the content of oleic and linoleic fatty acids in oil – 60%, and their output from seeds harvested – 300 kg/ha. It has been established that as soybean oil and diesel fuel have similar properties,they can be mixed by conventional methods in any proportions and form stable blends that can be stored for a long time. Experimental studies on the use of soybean oil for biodiesel production were carried out on a D-245 diesel engine (4 ChN11/12.5). The concentrations of toxic components (CO, CHx, and NOx) in the diesel exhaust gases were determined using the SAE-7532 gas analyzer. The smoke content of the exhaust gases was measured with an MK-3 Hartridge opacimeter. It has been experimentally established that the transfer of a diesel engine from diesel fuel to a blend of 80% diesel fuel and 20% lubrication oil leads to a change in the integral emissions per test cycle: nitrogen oxides in 0.81 times, carbon monoxide in 0.89 times and unburned hydrocarbons in 0.91 times, i.e. when biodiesel as used as a motor fuel in a serial diesel engine, emissions of all gaseous toxic components are reduced. The study has confi rmed the expediency of using soybeans of the Northern ecotype for biofuel production.

Optimization of mixed biofuel composition for diesel engine

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Rapeseed Oil ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Operating Mode ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Motor Fuels ◽  
Engine Combustion ◽  
Basic Characteristics

Biofuels derived from vegetable oils are known to be promising alternative fuels for diesel engines. The possibility of using mixtures of petroleum diesel fuel with rapeseed oil and rapeseed oil methyl ester as environmentally friendly motor fuels is considered. The practicability of changing the composition of these mixtures in accordance with the engine operating mode is shown. A technique for multicriteria optimization of the composition of such mixed biofuels is suggested. The basic characteristics of the optimal composition of these mixed biofuels are calculated. A device for regulating fuel’s composition is proposed. The basic characteristic of regulation of the blended biofuel composition realized by the device is presented. Keywords diesel engine; combustion chamber; oil diesel fuel; rapeseed oil; rapeseed oil methyl ester; biofuel mixture; ecological characteristics; exhaust gases toxicity

Experimental Studies on the Performance of C.I Engine with Fish Oil Methyl Ester as Fuel for Various Blends of Diesel and LPG

2015 ◽  
Vol 787 ◽  
pp. 687-691
Author(s):  
Tarigonda Hari Prasad ◽  
R. Meenakshi Reddy ◽  
P. Mallikarjuna Rao
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Inlet Manifold

Fossil fuels are exhausting quickly because of incremental utilization rate due to increase population and essential comforts on par with civilization. In this connection, the conventional fuels especially petrol and diesel for internal combustion engines, are getting exhausted at an alarming rate. In order to plan for survival of technology in future it is necessary to plan for alternate fuels. Further, these fossil fuels cause serious environmental problems as they release toxic gases into the atmosphere at high temperatures and concentrations. The predicted global energy consumption is increasing at faster rate. In view of this and many other related issues, these fuels will have to be replaced completely or partially by less harmful alternative, eco-friendly and renewable source fuels for the internal combustion engines. Hence, throughout the world, lot of research work is in progress pertaining to suitability and feasibility of alternative fuels. Biodiesel is one of the promising sources of energy to mitigate both the serious problems of the society viz., depletion of fossil fuels and environmental pollution. In the present work, experiments are carried out on a Single cylinder diesel engine which is commonly used in agricultural sector. Experiments are conducted by fuelling the diesel engine with bio-diesel with LPG through inlet manifold. The engine is properly modified to operate under dual fuel operation using LPG through inlet manifold as fuel along FME as ignition source. The brake thermal efficiency of FME with LPG (2LPM) blend is increased at an average of 5% when compared to the pure diesel fuel. HC emissions of FME with LPG (2LPM) blend are reduced by about at an average of 21% when compared to the pure diesel fuel. CO emissions of FME with LPG (2LPM) blends are reduced at an average of 33.6% when compared to the pure diesel fuel. NOx emissions of FME with LPG (2LPM) blend are reduced at an average of 4.4% when compared to the pure diesel fuel. Smoke opacity of FME with LPG (2LPM) blend is reduced at an average of 10% when compared to the pure diesel fuel.

scholarly journals Problems in fuelling spark ignition engines with dimethyl ether

2017 ◽  
Vol 170 (3) ◽  
pp. 154-158
Author(s):  
Stanisław KRUCZYŃKI ◽  
Marcin ŚLĘZAK ◽  
Wojciech GIS ◽  
Piotr ORLIŃSKI ◽  
Andrzej KULCZYCKI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dimethyl Ether ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Spark Ignition Engines ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Plant Raw Materials ◽  
Harmful Substances ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

This paper discusses briefly the production technology of dimethyl ether, taking into account plant raw materials and the physical and chemical properties of DME as compared to diesel fuel. The benefits and disadvantages of DME as a fuel are presented and changes in the emission of harmful substances characterised as compared to the combustion of diesel fuel. Also, basic usage problems are addressed, e.g. the wear of engine’s elements, cavity and leakages in the fuel system.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF PERFORMANCE AND EMISSION CHARACTERISTICS OF A DIESEL ENGINE FUELLED WITH BIODIESEL

2017 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-21
Author(s):  
R. Sundara Raman ◽  
G. Sankara Narayanan ◽  
N. Manoharan ◽  
S. Sendilvelan
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Rice Bran ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Rice Bran Oil ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
Exhaust Emission ◽  
Emission Characteristics ◽  
Particulate Emission ◽  
Promising Alternative

The rapid depletion in world petroleum reserves and uncertainty in petroleum supply due to political and economical reasons along with the sharp escalation in the petroleum prices have simulated the search for alternatives to petroleum based fuels especially diesel and gasoline. Moreover, bulks of petroleum fuels are being consumed by agriculture and transport sector for which diesel engine happens to be the prime mover. Though there are wide varieties of alternative fuels available the research has not yet provided the right renewable fuel to replace diesel. Vegetable oil due to their properties being close to diesel fuel may be a promising alternative for diesel engines. Due to their high viscosity, they cannot be directly used in a diesel engine. Transesterification is one method by which viscosity could be drastically reduced and the fuel could be adopted for use in diesel engine. Present investigation focuses on use of Rice Bran Oil in Diesel engine. Performance and exhaust emission characteristics of the engine have been evaluated. Esterified Rice Bran Oil has exhibited performance very close to that of diesel fuel. In the present work it is observed that, the NOX and unburned hydrocarbon emission decreases and carbon monoxide, particulate emission and smoke intensity increases with the use of biodiesel in diesel engine. When compared to non-esterified Rice Bran Oil, esterified Rice Bran Oil emits less smoke and therefore be regarded as an environment friendly fuel.

scholarly journals Experimental Investigation on Performance, Combustion, Emission and Vibration Analysis of Diesel Engine Fuelled with Rice Bran Biodiesel and n-Butanol Additive

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajendra Pawar ◽  
◽  
Sharad Patil ◽  
Kamalesh Jagadale ◽  
Pranali Gujar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Rice Bran ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Nitric Oxides ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Fuel Prices ◽  
Engine Cylinder ◽  
Combustion Emission

Substantial growth in emissions, hike in fuel prices, and exhaustion of fossil fuels has given rise to the need for substitute fuels for diesel engines, which are renewable and demote the emission. Also, strict international emission standards force researchers to seek alternative fuels. Vegetable oils are promising alternative biodiesel for a diesel engine, amongst them, rice bran is underutilized, a non-edible source that doesn’t create any food security hurdle. The paper focused to investigate the performance, combustion, emission, and vibration characteristics of diesel engine fuelled with rice bran biodiesel and n- butanol additive (5% constant) at CR 17.5. The engine characteristics of seven biodiesel blends (B5n5, B10n5, B15n5, B20n5, B25n5, B30n5, and B40n5) were measured at various loads under constant speed and compared with diesel fuel. The performance characteristics were observed in moderate quantities as compared to diesel whereas the emissions were found reduced drastically than diesel fuel except for nitric oxides (NOx) emissions. The measured engine cylinder vibration for all blends indicates similar results as diesel fuel hence leads to smooth combustion. The investigation shows that blends from B20n5 to B30n5 have the potential to be used in a diesel engine without any modification.

scholarly journals Application of complex instrumental techniques, spectroscopy and chromatography, for the analysis of biofuels and biomass

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 53-59
Author(s):  
Tatjana Tomić ◽  
Jelena Parlov Vuković
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Hydrocarbon Composition ◽  
Spectroscopic Methods ◽  
Plant Raw Materials ◽  
Ecological Requirements ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Different Types

Biofuels are environmentally friendly alternative fuels produced from animal and plant raw materials. They have great significance due to limited availability of crude oil and increased ecological requirements. The development of biofuels is followed by the development of new and more efficient analytical procedures for monitoring the composition and physical-chemical properties. This paper presents the application of chromatographic and spectroscopic methods in the analysis of different types of biofuels. The results of the determination of the hydrocarbon composition and functional groups important for the application of biofuels as blending components are shown. In this paper, it has confirmed the possibility of using NMR spectroscopy, HPLC and IC chromatography in biofuel and biomass analysis.

scholarly journals Using Mustard Oil As an Ecological Additive to Petroleum Diesel Fuel

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 8-21
Author(s):  
Неверова ◽  
V. Neverova ◽  
Марков ◽  
V. Markov ◽  
Бовэнь ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Vegetable Oils ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Mustard Oil ◽  
Animal Fats ◽  
Alternative Sources

The depletion of oil fields and the deteriorating environmental situation leads to the need for the search of new alternative sources of energy. Actuality of the article due to the need for greater use of the alternative fuels in internal combustion engines is necessary. Fuels produced from vegetable oils and animal fats as advanced alternative fuels for diesel engines are considered. These fuels are produced from renewable raw materials and are characterized by good environmental qualities. Advantages of using fuels of vegetable origin as motor fuels are shown. Experimental research of diesel engine D-245.12S functioning on mixtures of diesel fuel and mustard oil of various percentage is given. One of the most wide spread vegetable oils in Russia is mustard oil. Possible ways of using mustard oil as fuel for a diesel engine are considered. An opportunity of improving characteristics of exhaust gases toxicity by using these mixtures as a fuel for automobile and tractor diesel engines is demonstrated.

scholarly journals Increasing Parameters of Diesel Engines by Their Transformation for Methanol Conversion Products

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 1710
Author(s):  
Sviatoslav Kryshtopa ◽  
Krzysztof Górski ◽  
Rafał Longwic ◽  
Ruslans Smigins ◽  
Liudmyla Kryshtopa
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Methanol Conversion ◽  
Initial Product ◽  
Working Together ◽  
The Cost

The work is aimed at solving the problem of converting existing diesel power drives to gas fuels, which are cheaper and more environmentally friendly alternatives to diesel fuel. Method of energy efficiency increasing of alternative fuels has been improved. Thermochemical essence of energy increasing of source fuel based on the provisions of thermodynamics is considered. Alternative methanol fuel has been chosen as initial product for conversion process and its cost, energy value, and temperature conditions have been taken into account. Calculations showed that the thermal effect from combustion of the converted mixture of CO and H2 exceeds the effect from combustion of the same amount of non-convertible methanol. Fuel energy and engine power were increased due to thermochemical regeneration of exhaust gas heat. An experimental setup was created to study the operation of a converted diesel engine on methanol conversion products. Experimental studies of power, economic, and environmental parameters of converted diesel engine for methanol conversion products were performed. Experimental studies have shown that conversion of diesel engines to work using methanol conversion products is technically reasonable. Fuel consumption reduction was accompanied by environmental performance improvement of the diesel engine working together with a thermochemical methanol conversion reactor. Formation of nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gases decreased in the range of 22–35%, and carbon monoxide occurred in the range of 0–24% according to the crankshaft speed and loading on the engine. Conversion of diesel engines for methanol conversion products is very profitable, because the price of methanol is, on average, 10–20% of the cost of diesel fuel.

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