Calculation, simulation and study of the process of electrochemical deposition of microsphere films

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.V. Panfilova ◽  
D.A. Ezenkova
Keyword(s):  
Reflection Coefficient ◽  
Mathematical Simulation ◽  
Electrochemical Deposition ◽  
Colloidal Solution ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Process Time ◽  
Interelectrode Space ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Full Factorial Experiment ◽  
Full Factorial

The paper presents the results of the calculation of the main parameters of electrochemical deposition of microsphere films from a colloidal solution. Within the research, we determined the factors affecting the rate of their growth. The study shows the results of mathematical simulation of the process, characterizing the change in the potential in the interelectrode space, as well as the results of experimental studies of the formation of microsphere structures. Findings of the research were used to estimate the uniformity of the formed structures according to the reflection coefficient. For this purpose we applied the method of full factorial experiment. The study shows that the uniformity of the structures deteriorates with increasing potential difference and pH of the solution. It was also found that with an increase in the process time, the thickness of the structure increases, while the uniformity and ordering decrease. Findings of the research can be used in the further formation of 3D nanocomposites for various applications, for example, to increase the magnetic recording density

scholarly journals ПРИМЕНЕНИЕ АЛГОРИТМА ПРЫГАЮЩИХ ЛЯГУШЕК ДЛЯ ОПТИМИЗАЦИИ ПО СТОИМОСТНЫМ (ВРЕМЕННЫМ) ЗАТРАТАМ ПЛАНОВ ПОЛНОГО ФАКТОРНОГО ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТА

2018 ◽  
pp. 53-60
Author(s):  
Николай Дмитриевич Кошевой ◽  
Виктор Владимирович Муратов
Keyword(s):  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Factorial Experiment ◽  
Experiment Planning ◽  
Optimal Time ◽  
Full Factorial Experiment ◽  
Time Costs ◽  
Shuffled Frog Leaping ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Full Factorial

The purpose of this article is to further develop the methodology for the optimal cost (time) costs of experiment planning, which includes a set of methods for optimizing experiment plans and software and hardware for their implementation. The object of study: the optimization processes for the cost-based plans of multivariate experiments. The subject of research: the cost-optimization method of experimental design plans, based on the use of shuffled frog-leaping method. Experimental research methods are increasingly used to optimize production processes. Planning an experiment allows you to get their mathematical models with minimal cost and time costs. At the same time, a method and a program in the C ++ programming language were developed for constructing optimal or close to optimal plans for a full factorial experiment applying the shuffled frog-leaping algorithm. This allows you to automate the process of solving the problem, reduce the time to develop optimal plans for the experiment, increase the reliability of the results, reduce the time and cost of the experiments. Its effectiveness is shown in comparison with other methods for optimizing multi-factor experimental designs. The efficiency and effectiveness are confirmed by the coincidence or approximation of the optimal plans obtained by this method and the method of complete enumeration. A number of technological objects are presented on which the operability of the developed method and software was tested, namely: fuel consumption in an internal combustion engine, welding of small thickness plates, production of parts by hot stamping, as well as the process of servicing numerically controlled machines. A comparative analysis of the methods for the synthesis of cost-optimal (time) expenditure plans for a full factorial experiment was carried out and the effectiveness of the shuffled frog-leaping method was shown. It is shown that the difficult task of reducing material and time costs when conducting experimental studies can be solved using the proposed method and the software implementing it.

DIESEL ENGINE OPERATION IN USE OF FUEL WITH ADDITIVES

2018 ◽  
pp. 18-24
Author(s):  
Petar Kazakov ◽  
Atanas Iliev ◽  
Emil Marinov
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Engine Operation ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Operating Modes ◽  
Positive Effects

Over the decades, more attention has been paid to emissions from the means of transport and the use of different fuels and combustion fuels for the operation of internal combustion engines than on fuel consumption. This, in turn, enables research into products that are said to reduce fuel consumption. The report summarizes four studies of fuel-related innovation products. The studies covered by this report are conducted with diesel fuel and usually contain diesel fuel and three additives for it. Manufacturers of additives are based on already existing studies showing a 10-30% reduction in fuel consumption. Comparative experimental studies related to the use of commercially available diesel fuel with and without the use of additives have been performed in laboratory conditions. The studies were carried out on a stationary diesel engine СМД-17КН equipped with brake КИ1368В. Repeated results were recorded, but they did not confirm the significant positive effect of additives on specific fuel consumption. In some cases, the factors affecting errors in this type of research on the effectiveness of fuel additives for commercial purposes are considered. The reasons for the positive effects of such use of additives in certain engine operating modes are also clarified.

ADOLESCENTS IN CRIMINAL STREET GROUPINGS: REASONS AND MOTIVATIONS

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 195-199
Author(s):  
E.O. Chernova
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Motivational Factors ◽  
Social Motives ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Social Communities ◽  
Criminal Groups

The article gives an analysis of the results of authorial experimental studies. Motivational factors affecting adolescents' participation in criminal groups are considered, they are: dominant groups of motives, the predominance of aspiration to success or avoidance of failures. Thus, the author explores the subjective potential of the personality of adolescent groupers. According to the results of the research, the author concludes that the specificity of the motivation of such adolescents consists in the predominance of material motives, social motives (involvement in social communities, groupings) and motives of recognition and respect. The author notes that the motivation for avoiding failures is more characteristic of such adolescents than the motivation for the pursuit of success. It is concluded that the data obtained can serve as a basis for developing preventive measures when working with adolescents at risk.

The methodology of experimental research of the feed components extrusion process in order to improve its energy performance

2020 ◽  
pp. 147-152
Author(s):  
E. M. Ratnikov ◽  
D. O. Milko
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Extrusion Process ◽  
Mathematical Methods ◽  
Screw Extruder ◽  
Mathematical Planning ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Extrusion Processing ◽  
Definition Of

Annotation Purpose. Development of a program and methods for conducting experimental studies of the extrusion process with the definition of parameters and modes of operation of the extruder to improve its energy performance. Methods. Methods of mathematical statistics, synthesis, analysis, description and modeling were used. Results. The application of mathematical methods, in particular mathematical planning, reduces the number of experiments several times, and allows to evaluate the role of influencing factors, obtain a mathematical model of the process and determine the optimal conditions for its parameters and modes, etc. Conclusions. The methodology for experimental studies of a screw extruder is presented with the necessary equipment and methodology for processing the obtained experimental data. A mathematical method of planning, which reduces the number of experiments several times, allows us to evaluate the role of factors affecting productivity and energy intensity is presented. Keywords: extruder, auger, nutrients, research methodology, extrusion, processing, feed.

Principles of exposure of polymer materials to heat, moisture and UV-radiation and study of their properties by full factorial experiment: A review

2021 ◽  
pp. 146-160
Author(s):  
A. B. Laptev ◽  
A. S. Nesterov ◽  
A. M. Vardanyan ◽  
A. M. Vardanyan
Keyword(s):  
Uv Radiation ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Initial Period ◽  
Amorphous State ◽  
Surface Oxidation ◽  
Polymer Chains ◽  
Factorial Experiment ◽  
Polymer Materials ◽  
Full Factorial Experiment ◽  
Full Factorial

The work is dedicated to the effects of climatic factors on polyethylene terephthalate (PET) in terms of changes in the structure and interaction of polymer molecules. The kinetic concept of the strength of PET has been developed, and the factors influencing the strength have been considered. Effects of moisture, thermal oxidative destruction, and UV-radiation on the structure of PET have been investigated. Polymers’ properties predicting, durability and their computer modeling have been analyzed. A model of changes in PET properties under the influence of temperature, moisture and UV-radiation was constructed using the methods of a full factorial experiment. It has been shown that in the initial period of exposure, adsorption and diffusion of moisture, hydrolysis and surface oxidation occur; prolonged and constant exposure to UV-radiation break the bonds formed by moisture, then the C–C and C–O bonds in the PET molecule brake and new intermolecular bonds are formed. In the amorphous state of PET, the breaking of bonds in the polymer chain and the formation of bonds between two adjacent polymer chains, the formation of more densely packed nodes, the destruction of the polymer and its aging, are equally probable. Temperature has a secondary effect, facilitating both hydrolysis and oxidation and polymer degradation.

scholarly journals The influence of technological parameters for the production of plasticized polyvinylbutyral films on their optical and physico-mechanical properties

2019 ◽  
pp. 7-8
Author(s):  
M. M. Egorov ◽  
V. I. Milov ◽  
M. K. Timin ◽  
T. P. Mukhina ◽  
V. S. Smirnov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Mathematical Analysis ◽  
Polyvinyl Butyral ◽  
Factorial Experiment ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Full Factorial Experiment ◽  
Effect Of Pressure ◽  
Direct Pressing ◽  
Full Factorial

The effect of pressure, temperature and time during direct pressing on the strength and optical characteristics of adhesive plasticized polyvinyl butyral films is studied. A mathematical analysis of the results of a full factorial experiment is carried out and the regression equations are derived.

scholarly journals Modeling of formation of carbon cluster groups in electric arc discharge plasma

2018 ◽  
Vol 80 (2) ◽  
pp. 108-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. N. Gavrilov
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanostructures ◽  
Arc Discharge ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Particle Method ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Carbon Cluster ◽  
Collision Integral ◽  
Numerical Calculations ◽  
Plasma Synthesis ◽  
Interelectrode Space

The problem of modeling complex resource-intensive processes of plasma synthesis of carbon nanostructures (CNS) on the basis of mathematical and numerical methods of solution, focused on the use of parallel and distributed computing for processing large amounts of data, allowing to investigate the relationship and characteristics of processes to obtain an effective, cost-effective method of synthesis of CNS (fullerenes, nanotubes), is an actual theoretical and practical problem. This article deals with the problem of mathematical modeling of motion and interaction of charged particles in a multicomponent plasma based on the Boltzmann equation for the synthesis of ONS by thermal sublimation of graphite. The derivation of the collision integral is presented allowing to perform a numerical solution of the Boltzmann - Maxwell equations system with respect to the arc synthesis of CNS. The high order of particles and the number of their interactions involved simultaneously in the process of synthesis of CNS requires significant costs of machine resources and time to perform numerical calculations on the constructed model. Application of the large particle method makes it possible to reduce the amount of computing and hardware requirements without affecting the accuracy of numerical calculations. The use of parallel computing technology on the CPU and GPU with the use of Nvidia CUDA technology allows you to organize all the General-purpose calculations for the developed model based on the graphics processor of the personal computer graphics card, without the use of supercomputers or computing clusters. The results of experimental studies and numerical calculations confirming the adequacy of the developed model are presented. Obtained quantitative characteristics of the total pairwise interactions between the carbon particles and interactions with the formation of clusters of carbon with various types of ties in the plasma of the interelectrode space which are the basis of the synthesized nanostructures. The formation of carbon clusters occurs in the entire interelectrode space of the plasma with different intensity and depends on the process parameters.

scholarly journals Transport of engineered nanoparticles in soils and aquifers

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmood Fazeli Sangani ◽  
Gary Owens ◽  
Amir Fotovat
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Engineered Nanoparticles ◽  
Background Solution ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Soil Systems ◽  
Aquifer Systems ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Transport Behaviour ◽  
The Media

Transport and deposition behaviour of engineered nanoparticles (ENPs) in natural aquifers and soil systems is a key determinant of the fate of these materials in environmental systems. A growing number of experimental studies are being conducted worldwide to address transport and deposition of ENPs in porous media (PM). Here we comprehensively review the main mechanisms and factors affecting the mobility of the environmentally important ENPs in natural PM. A variety of different processes including those that promote mobility and result in elution from the PM and those that hinder their mobility and promote ENP retention can influence ENP’s mobility through soil and aquifer media. The most important contributing factors regarding ENP transport in PM include: the physicochemical properties of the ENP, the media, the hydrodynamics of the system, and the background solution characteristics. Results from several studies conducted on the most common and environmentally important ENPs have shown that under natural environmental conditions, different types of ENPs show different transport behaviour in soil and aquifer systems. Additionally, the importance of media matrix and mobile solution factors in governing mobility of ENPs varies from one type of ENP to another.

scholarly journals A review of multiphase flow and deposition effects in film-cooled gas turbines

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 1905-1921 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin Wang ◽  
Milan Vujanovic ◽  
Bengt Sunden
Keyword(s):  
Film Cooling ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Particle Deposition ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Turbulence Models ◽  
Phase Flow ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Film Cooling Effectiveness ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Multi Phase Flow

This paper presents a review of particle deposition research in film-cooled gas turbines based on the recent open literature. Factors affecting deposition capture efficiency and film cooling effectiveness are analyzed. Experimental studies are summarized into two discussions in actual and virtual deposition environments. For investigation in virtual deposition environments, available and reasonable results are obtained by comparison of the Stokes numbers. Recent advances in particle deposition modeling for computational fluid dynamics are also reviewed. Various turbulence models for numerical simulations are investigated, and solutions for treatment of the particle sticking probability are described. In addition, analysis of injecting mist into the coolant flow is conducted to investigate gas-liquid two-phase flow in gas turbines. The conclusion remains that considerable re-search is yet necessary to fully understand the roles of both deposition and multi-phase flow in gas turbines.

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