scholarly journals Revisiting Mary O’Brien – Reproductive Consciousness and Liquid Maternity

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Annette Burfoot
Keyword(s):  
Feminist Theory ◽  
Historical Materialism ◽  
Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Liquid Modernity ◽  
Socially Constructed ◽  
Socialist Feminism ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
The Subject ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Theoretical Developments

This research note examines feminist theory from socialist feminism through the post-structural turn associated with thinkers like Foucault, Derrida and Butler to neo-materialism, this last noted for its emphasis on the body's materiality as opposed to the subject as a socially constructed or merely linguistic practice. Tracing these theoretical developments is contextualized with respect to theories and concepts such as feminist standpoint theories of epistemology, historical materialism and Baumann's "liquid modernity". I ask: have we lost sight of the strength of feminist structuralism - particularly the effects of capital - in order to accommodate multiple and complex subjectifications associated with gender? Mary O'Brien's reproductive consciousness, her argument that women's consciousness is fundamentally shaped through the different moments related to reproduction, is re-examined in light of recent developments in egg donation and surrogacy. This is not intended as an exercise in romantic longing for some sort of utopian society where femininity is venerated. Rather, it is an exploration of the potential for reproductive consciousness to guide political responses to contemporary problems raised by new reproductive technologies that combine capital and gender in a single dialectic.

Subjectivity and Subjectivation

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Marie Smith
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Judith Butler ◽  
Sex And Gender ◽  
Biological Sex ◽  
Angela Davis ◽  
Socialist Feminism ◽  
The Subject ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Foucauldian Theory ◽  
Theoretical Paradigms

A chapter addressing the formation of the subject, and the rejection of the assumption that gender and sex are simply given, in various feminist theory paradigms. The project of advancing gender justice requires close attention to the ways in which categories of biological sex and gender, in intersectional relations with race, ethnicity, nationality, class and so on, are historically constructed and deployed to bring subjects into being, even as these same categories are resisted and re-negotiated at the same time in an always agonistic field of social relations. Special reference is made to three pairs of theoretical paradigms and practitioners: liberal feminism and Nancy J. Hirschmann; antiracist socialist feminism and Angela Davis; Derridean-Foucauldian theory and Judith Butler.

scholarly journals ¿Por qué se debe considerar al marxismo ecológico en la era del capitaloceno?/ Why should ecological Marxism be considered in the era of the capitalocene?

2018 ◽  
pp. 69-90
Author(s):  
Alejandro Escalera-Briceño ◽  
Manuel Ángeles-Villa ◽  
Alejandro Palafox-Muñoz
Keyword(s):  
Political Ecology ◽  
Human Nature ◽  
Historical Materialism ◽  
Ecological Economics ◽  
Hybrid Approaches ◽  
Advanced Capitalism ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Ecological Marxism

Este artículo pretende adentrarse en el debate marxismo/ecología, para subrayar la importancia de renovar las categorías marxistas del materialismo histórico y dialéctico para el análisis profundo de la era del capitaloceno. Se inicia con un bosquejo de las principales corrientes no marxistas que explican la relación del ser humano con la naturaleza a través de enfoques “híbridos”, como la economía ecológica (en sus tres vertientes) y la ecología política. En el ánimo de proponerlo como alternativa robusta a estas conceptualizaciones, se realiza enseguida un apretado recorrido cronológico del marxismo ecológico para examinar algunos de los principales textos constitutivos, desde el propio Marx hasta el actual debate entre Bellamy Foster y Moore. Se consigna que en el capitaloceno, portador de enormes amenazas al planeta, a la especie humana y al propio capitalismo, los debates actuales en el seno del marxismo ecológico ofrecen una provechosa lectura del crisol de contradicciones del capitalismo avanzado. Abstract The objective of this paper is to make inroads into de debates within ecological Marxism in order to underscore the importance of looking at the Marxist categories of historical materialism and dialectics in the light of the ongoing era of the Capitalocene. We began with a summary of recent developments in non-Marxist disciplines that deal with the human / nature interface through “hybrid approaches, such as ecological economics and political ecology. With a view of forwarding a proposal for ecological Marxism as a viable and robust alternative, we then mobilize into play several quotations from Marx on the subject, in order to lead us into the current debates between, mainly, Bellamy Foster and Jason Moore. We suggest that in the Capitalocene, purveyor great threats to the planet, humanity and capitalism itself, those debates can offer very worthwhile readings of the contradictions of advanced capitalism.

scholarly journals From gendered organizations to compassionate borderspaces: Reading corporeal ethics with Bracha Ettinger

Organization ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kate Kenny ◽  
Marianna Fotaki
Keyword(s):  
Feminist Theory ◽  
Organization Theory ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Other ◽  
Feminist Ethics ◽  
Organization Studies ◽  
Organizational Contexts ◽  
Gendered Organizations ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
And Gender

In this article, we propose a new way of approaching the topic of ethics for management and organization theory. We build on recent developments within critical organization studies that focus on the question of what kind of ethics is possible in organizational contexts that are inevitably beset by difference. Addressing this ‘ethics of difference’, we propose a turn to feminist theory, in which the topic has long been debated but which has been underutilized in organization theory until very recently. Specifically, we draw on the work of Bracha Ettinger to re-think and extend existing understandings. Inspired by gender studies, psychoanalysis, philosophy and art, Ettinger’s work has been celebrated for its revolutionary re-theorization of subjectivity. Drawing on a feminist ethics of the body inspired by psychoanalysis, she presents a concept of ‘trans-subjectivity’. In this, subjectivity is defined by connectedness, co-existence and compassion towards the other, and is grounded in what Ettinger terms the ‘matrixial borderspace’. An ethics of organization derived from the concept of the matrixial suggests that a different kind of ethical relation with the Other is possible. In this article, we demonstrate this through examining the issue of gender in the workplace. We conclude by outlining the implications of this perspective for rethinking ethics, embodiment and gender, and in particular for the development of a corporeal ethics for organization studies.

SENSITIVITAS ETIS MAHASISWA ATAS PENGGELAPAN PAJAK

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 178-195
Author(s):  
Nurma Risa
Keyword(s):  
Tax Evasion ◽  
Female Students ◽  
T Test ◽  
Study Program ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Political Sciences ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Subject ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Management Students

This study aims to prove that there is a difference of perception about ethics on tax evasion in UNISMA Bekasi students, based on selected study program and gender. The sample of this research is the students who have fulfilled the subject of taxation, at the Faculty of Economics (FE) and Faculty of Social and Political Sciences (FISIP). Using independent t-test, the results showed that there was no significant difference of perception about tax evasion ethics between FE and FISIP students. But significant differences the perception of tax evasion ethics occur between accounting and management students at FE. Significant differences also did not occur between male and female students

Diaghilev and British Writing

2009 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-92
Author(s):  
Susan Jones
Keyword(s):  
Visual Arts ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Literary Responses ◽  
Literary Aesthetics ◽  
Ballets Russes ◽  
The Arts ◽  
The Subject ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Opening Up

This article explores the diversity of British literary responses to Diaghilev's project, emphasising the way in which the subject matter and methodologies of Diaghilev's modernism were sometimes unexpectedly echoed in expressions of contemporary British writing. These discussions emerge both in writing about Diaghilev's work, and, more discretely, when references to the Russian Ballet find their way into the creative writing of the period, serving to anchor the texts in a particular cultural milieu or to suggest contemporary aesthetic problems in the domain of literary aesthetics developing in the period. Figures from disparate fields, including literature, music and the visual arts, brought to their criticism of the Ballets Russes their individual perspectives on its aesthetics, helping to consolidate the sense of its importance in contributing to the inter-disciplinary flavour of modernism across the arts. In the field of literature, not only did British writers evaluate the Ballets Russes in terms of their own poetics, their relationship to experimentation in the novel and in drama, they developed an increasing sense of the company's place in dance history, its choreographic innovations offering material for wider discussions, opening up the potential for literary modernism's interest in impersonality and in the ‘unsayable’, discussions of the body, primitivism and gender.

Commands in Wolaitta

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Azeb Amha
Keyword(s):  
Sentence Type ◽  
Positive Polarity ◽  
Present Contribution ◽  
Grammatical Categories ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Leave Taking ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Syntactic Properties

This chapter examines expressions of commands (imperatives) in Wolaitta and the ways in which the imperative is distinguished from statements and questions. Although each sentence type is formally distinct, imperatives and questions share a number of morpho-syntactic properties. Similar to declarative and interrogative sentences, imperatives in Wolaitta involve verbal grammatical categories such as the distinction of person, number, and gender of the subject as well as negative and positive polarity. In contrast to previous studies, the present contribution establishes the function of a set of morphemes based on -árk and -érk to be the expression of plea or appeal to an addressee rather than politeness when issuing a command. Instead, politeness in commands is expressed by using plural (pro)nominal and verbal elements. The imperative in Wolaitta is a robust construction which is also used in formulaic speeches such as leave-taking as well as in blessing, curses, and advice.

Living with Barren Truths: A Tale of Triumphalism and Tribulations of a Technology

2021 ◽  
pp. 097168582110159
Author(s):  
Sital Mohanty ◽  
Subhasis Sahoo ◽  
Pranay Kumar Swain
Keyword(s):  
Gender Discrimination ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
The Body ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Social Fact ◽  
Science Technology ◽  
The Subject ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Relationship

Science, technology and human values have been the subject of enquiry in the last few years for social scientists and eventually the relationship between science and gender is the subject of an ongoing debate. This is due to the event of globalization which led to the exponential growth of new technologies like assisted reproductive technology (ART). ART, one of the most iconic technological innovations of the twentieth century, has become increasingly a normal social fact of life. Since ART invades multiple human discourses—thereby transforming culture, society and politics—it is important what is sociological about ART as well as what is biological. This article argues in commendation of sociology of technology, which is alert to its democratic potential but does not concurrently conceal the historical and continuing role of technology in legitimizing gender discrimination. The article draws the empirical insights from local articulations (i.e., Odisha state in eastern India) for the understandings of motherhood, freedom and choice, reproductive right and rights over the body to which ART has contributed. Sociologically, the article has been supplemented within the broader perspectives of determinism, compatibilism alongside feminism.

scholarly journals Disentangling general achievement levels and subject-specific strengths and weaknesses in mathematics, reading, and science

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olesya Gladushyna ◽  
Rolf Strietholt ◽  
Isa Steinmann
Keyword(s):  
Reading Literacy ◽  
Performance Levels ◽  
Fourth Grade Students ◽  
Subject Specific ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Overall Performance ◽  
Cross Country ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Mathematics And Science ◽  
Achievement Levels

AbstractThe paper uses data from the combined TIMSS (Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study) and PIRLS (Progress in International Reading Literacy Study) assessment in 2011 to explore the subject-specific strengths and weaknesses among fourth grade students worldwide. Previous research came to the conclusion that students only differed in overall achievement levels and did not exhibit subject-specific strengths and weaknesses. This research did, however, not control for differences in overall performance levels when searching for profile differences. Therefore, the present study uses factor mixture analysis to study qualitatively different performance profiles in mathematics, reading, and science while controlling for differences in performance levels. Our findings suggest that the majority of students do not show pronounced strengths and weaknesses and differ mainly in performance levels across mathematics, reading, and science. At the same time, a smaller share of students does indeed show pronounced subject-specific strengths and weaknesses. This result does not represent an artefact, but we find clear and theory-conforming associations between the identified profiles and covariates. We find evidence for cross-country differences in the frequency of subject-specific strengths and weaknesses and gender differences, as well as differences between students who do not or only sometimes speak the language of test at home.

scholarly journals “I Am Not Good at Any of This.” Playing with Homoeroticism in The Arabian Nights

Religions ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 480
Author(s):  
Frank G. Bosman
Keyword(s):  
Gender Roles ◽  
Status Quo ◽  
The Self ◽  
French Translation ◽  
The West ◽  
Arabian Nights ◽  
Safe Environment ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Cross Dressing ◽  
And Gender

The story collection known in the West as The Arabian Nights or One Thousand and One Nights, is famous, among other things, for its erotic playfulness. This eroticism was (and is) one of the key reasons for its continuous popularity after Antoine Galland’s French translation in 1704. The Arabian Nights includes, besides traditional, heterosexual acts, play, and desires, examples of homoerotic playfulness—even though we must tread lightly when using such Western concepts with an oriental text body such as this one. The homoerotic playfulness of The Arabian Nights is the subject of this article. By making use of a text-immanent analysis of two of the Nights’ stories—of Qamar and Budûr and of Alî Shâr and Zumurrud—the author of this article focuses on the reversal of common gender roles, acts of cross-dressing, and, of course, homoerotic play. He will argue that these stories provide a narrative safe environment in which the reader is encouraged to “experiment” with non-normative sexual and gender orientations, leaving the dominant status quo effectively and ultimately unchallenged, thus preventing the (self-proclaimed) defenders of that status quo from feeling threatened enough to actively counter-act the experiment.

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