scholarly journals Efficiency of Numerical Images Analysis in Selection of Durum Wheat [Triticum turgidum (L.) ssp. durum (Desf.) Husn.] Genotypes Growing under Semi-arid Conditions in Algeria

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benalia Frih ◽  
Abdelmalek Oulmi ◽  
Ali Guendouz
Keyword(s):  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Correlation Study ◽  
Genotypic Effect ◽  
Total Reflectance ◽  
Chlorophyll Contents ◽  
Days To Heading ◽  
Semi Arid ◽  
Selection Of

Background: This study was conducted during the 2020/2021 cropping season at Setif Agricultural Experimental Station, it aims to assess the efficiency of using numerical image analysis (NIA) in the selection of durum wheat genotypes in semi-arid areas. Methods: The genetic materials used in this study consist of 11 advanced lines and 4 genotypes of which 3 are local landraces used as control to evaluate their performance, the genotypes tested were sown in a randomized block design (RDB) with three replications. each plot consisted of 6 lines of 10 m long spaced of 0.2 m witdth makes 12 m2 as plot area. Result: Analysis of variance showed that all the parameters measured numerically (senescence and total reflectance) had a very high genotypic significance. The chlorophyll content at full heading showed a very highly significant genotypic effect. Thousand kernels weight, number of spikes per meter square, number of days to heading and plant height had a significant genotypic effect. The correlation study showed that all senescence parameters were significantly correlated. A significant and negative correlation was observed between chlorophyll contents; average of velocity and total reflectance. Grain yield was highly and significantly correlated with thousand kernels weight and number of spikes per meter square. Number of spikes per meter square was significantly and positively correlated with average of velocity and negatively correlated with sum of temperatures at mid-senescence. Number of days to heading was significantly and negatively correlated with senescence average and maximum of senescence average. A significant correlation was observed between plant height and sum of temperatures at mid-senescence.

scholarly journals Growth and production of irrigated vitória pineapple grown in semi-arid conditions

2014 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 693-703 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodinei Facco Pegoraro ◽  
Bruna Aparecida Madureira de Souza ◽  
Victor Martins Maia ◽  
Uirá do Amaral ◽  
Marlon Cristian Toledo Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Biomass Production ◽  
Plant Traits ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Stem Diameter ◽  
Plant Residue ◽  
Arid Conditions ◽  
Vegetative Biomass ◽  
Semi Arid

This study aimed to evaluate the growth characteristics of irrigated Vitória pineapple plants grown in semi-arid conditions and determine its developmental stages based on those characteristics. It was used a randomized block design with four replicates. The experimental treatments were: plant harvest at 270, 330, 390, 450, 510, 570, 690, 750, and 810 days after planting (DAP). The following variables were determined: plant height, stem diameter, D-leaf length, D-leaf fresh and dry mass, biomass production of plants and plant parts (organs), and vegetative biomass. Five phenological stages are proposed based on vegetative biomass production: < 20% biomass production (V1); 21-40% (V2); 41-60% (V3); 61-80% (V4); and > 80% (V5). The maximum growth rate for plant height, D-leaf length, and stem diameter was observed at the end of the phenological stage V1 (390-411 DAP), and at the end of stage V5 these plant traits had average values of 106, 82, and 7 cm, respectively. The maximum biomass accumulation rates were observed at stages V4 and V5, resulting in a final fruit yield and total fresh biomass of 72 t ha-1 and 326 t ha-1, respectively. Finally, we estimated that 80% of the accumulated biomass may remain in the field after fruit and slip harvest, and could be incorporated as plant residue into the soil.

scholarly journals Genetic Analysis of Some Genotypes of Indian Mustard (Brassica juncea L.) for Yield and Yield Attributing Traits

2021 ◽  
pp. 51-60
Author(s):  
A. M. Pradhan ◽  
M. Roy Choudhury ◽  
A. Sawarkar ◽  
S. Das
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Indian Mustard ◽  
Correlation Study ◽  
Biotic And Abiotic Stress ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
Positive Direct

The current investigation was carried out to examine the selection criteria for yield improvement in selected genotypes of Indian mustard. Twenty-four genotypes of Indian mustard were evaluated for seed yield and yield attributing characters with randomized block design with three replications. The analysis of variance showed significant differences among all the 24 genotypes against all the characters. The phenotypic and genotypic coefficient of variation were higher for most of the traits like seed yield per plant, number of secondary branches per plant and number of siliquae per plant. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance in percent of mean was registered for number of siliquae per plant, number of primary and secondary branches per plant, plant height, 1000 seed weight, siliqua length per plant and seed yield per plant suggesting predominant role of additive gene action for expression of these traits. The correlation study revealed that seed yield per plant was positively and significantly correlated with number of primary and secondary branches per plant, number of siliquae per plant, siliqua length per plant and 1000 seed weight at both phenotypic and genotypic level. The traits namely, number of secondary branches per plant recorded as highest positive direct effect followed by number of seeds per siliqua, number of siliquae per plant and plant height. Therefore, they may be carried out further evaluation in multilocational trials, biotic and abiotic stress like environmental conditions to check their stability and adaptability.

Selection of Dry Pea (Pisum Sativum) Varieties and their Performance by Comparison with Barley and Wheat in Mediterranean Environments

1994 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 477-481
Author(s):  
A. Hadjicristodoulou
Keyword(s):  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Arid Areas ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Mediterranean Countries ◽  
Supplementary Irrigation ◽  
Rainfed Conditions ◽  
Semi Arid ◽  
Selection Of

SUMMARYThe possibility of growing dry peas in the semi-arid areas of Mediterranean countries was assessed by comparing dry pea (Pisum sativum L.) varieties with the highest yielding barley and durum wheat varieties under rainfed conditions and with supplementary irrigation in Cyprus. The yield of barley cv. Kantara was greater than that of the best pea variety selected, PS 210713, especially under the driest conditions, but the differences between cereals and dry pea varieties were smaller when grown in areas where there was more rain or where supplementary irrigation was supplied. The protein content of the dry seeds and straw of the peas was higher than those of the cereals. It is concluded that selected varieties of dry peas could be grown in dry Mediterranean areas, particularly in rotation with barley or wheat.Pisum sativum L. para zonas mediterráneas

scholarly journals Evaluation of agronomic traits and assessment of genetic variability in some popular wheat genotypes cultivated in Saudi Arabia

2019 ◽  
pp. 847-856 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soleman M. Al-Otayk
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Wheat Genotypes ◽  
Days To Heading ◽  
Days To Maturity

The present study was carried out to evaluate agronomic traits and assessment of genetic variability of some wheat genotypes at Qassim region, Saudi Arabia', during 2010/11 and2011/12 seasons. Fourteen wheat genotypes including five bread wheat and nine durum wheat genotypes were evaluated in randomized complete block design with three replications. The genotypes were evaluated for ten different yield contributing characters viz., days to heading, days to maturity, grain filling period, grain filling rate, plant height, number of spikes m-2, kernels spike-1, 1000-kernel weight, grain yield and straw yield. The combined analysis of variance indicated the presence of significant differences between years for most characters. The genotypes exhibited significant variation for all the characters studied indicating considerable amount of variation among genotypes for each character. Maximum coefficient of variation was observed for number of spikes m-2 (17%), while minimum value was found for days to maturity. Four genotypes produced maximum grain yield and statistically similar, out of them two bread wheat genotypes (AC-3 and SD12) and the other two were durum wheat (AC-5 and BS-1). The genotypes AC-3, AC-5 and BS-1 had higher grain yield and stable in performance across seasons. The estimation of phenotypic coefficient of variation in all the traits studied was greater than those of the genotypic coefficient of variation. High heritability estimates (> 0.5) were observed for days to heading, days to maturity, and plant height, while the other characters recorded low to moderate heritability. The high GA % for plant height and days to heading (day) was accompanied by high heritability estimates, which indicated that heritability is mainly due to genetic variance. Comparatively high expected genetic advances were observed for grain yield components such as number of kernels spike-1 and 1000-kernel weight. Grain yield had the low heritability estimate with a relatively intermediate value for expected genetic advance. The results of principle component analysis (PCA) indicated that the superior durum wheat genotypes for grain yield in the two seasons (AC-5 and BS-1) are clustered in group II (Fig. 2). Also, the superior two bread wheat genotypes (AC-3 and SD12) were in group I. Therefore, it could be future breeding program to develop new high yielding genotypes in bread and durum wheat.

scholarly journals Influence of Sowing Date on Growth and Yield Components of Sunflower (Helianthus Annuus L.) in Semi-Arid Zone

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 36-42
Author(s):  
Hilwa, D. Abu Anga ◽  
Wael A. Marajan ◽  
Abu backer H. Mohammed ◽  
Baha Eldin M Idris
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Arid Zone ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Head Diameter ◽  
Semi Arid

The main objective of this study was to quantify the influence of sowing date on growth and yield components of hybrid sunflower (Hysun33) cultivar in semi-arid zone. This experiment was conducted during the seasons 2014/2015-2015/2016 at the farm of the College of Agricultural Studies, Sudan University of Science and Technology, Shambat, Khartoum- Sudan. The experiment was arranged in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with four replications and three treatments. Different parameters were considered including plant height, leaf area index (LAI), filled sees number/head, head diameter, dry weight and yield components. The collected data were statistically analyzed. The results revealed that crop sown in May and July showed significant increase in plant height, LAI, head diameter, dry weight, field seed number/head, weight of 100 seeds; yield, and yield; compared to crop sown in March. However, crop sown in the second season showed an increase in growth and yield components compared to the crop of the first season.

scholarly journals Repeatability estimates and minimum number of evaluations for selection of elephant-grass genotypes for herbage production

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Erina Vitório Rodrigues ◽  
Rogério Figueiredo Daher ◽  
Geraldo de Amaral Gravina ◽  
Alexandre Pio Viana ◽  
Maria do Socorro Bezerra de Araújo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Principal Components ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Phenotypic Selection ◽  
Stem Diameter ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Elephant Grass ◽  
Minimum Number ◽  
Selection Of

In forage-plants breeding, the selection of superior genotypes has been undertaken through successive harvests in previously established intervals. However, this process involves many steps, the evaluation of many traits, and a great spending with costs and labor. Thus the estimate of the repeatability is essential in improvement of perennials, it allows predicting genotypic value of the individual, the minimum number of evaluations in the selection of genotypes and minimizes resources and time in the selection of promising individuals. The objective of this study was to estimate the repeatability coefficient for morphological traits in elephant grass and determine the number of evaluations needed for phenotypic selection more efficient. The experimental randomized block design with 53 genotypes and two replications. The repeatability coefficients were estimated for variables plant height, number of tillers, stem diameter and dry matter yield, using the methods of Anova, Principal Components and Structural Analysis. We observed significant differences between genotypes (P <0.01) for all variables. The main components provide larger estimates of repeatability when compared to other methods. Estimates of the repeatability coefficients are of high magnitude average for the variables plant height (0.44) number of tillers (0.44) and stem diameter (0.63) and low magnitude for dry matter production (0.27). The Principal Components method requires five, five, two and eleven measurements for plant height, number of tillers, stem diameter and dry matter yield, respectively, with 80% reliability.  

scholarly journals Agromorphological Performance and Character Association of Finger Millet under Varying Phosphorus Regimes

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 90
Author(s):  
Wafula Nelson Wekha ◽  
Nicholas Kibet Korir ◽  
Moses Siambi ◽  
Henry F. Ojulong ◽  
Joseph P. Gweyi-Onyango
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Finger Millet ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
P Availability ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Semi Arid

Finger millet production on more than 30% of world arable land is limited by P availability and more than 70% in the semi-arid and marginalized areas which covers most of the Sub-Saharan Africa. Phosphorus is one of the most important elements significantly affecting plant growth and metabolism. Three finger millet varieties (U-15, P-224 and Ikhulule) were evaluated under four P fertilizer levels (0, 12.5, 25 and 37.5 kg ha-1 P2O5) at the International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics Station, Alupe and the Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization Station, Kakamega during the long and short rainy seasons of 2015 with the aim of determining their agromorphological response and trait associations. The on-station experiments were laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design in factorial arrangement with three replications. The statistical analysis of phosphorus levels and variety exhibited significant differences (P<0.05) to stand vigor, plant height, leaf blade length, number of leaves and lodging. The results revealed that application of 25 kg ha-1 P2O5 rate led to the tallest plants (65.0 cm), longest leaf blades (58.0 cm) and highest number of leaves per plant (16) at Alupe site while 37.5 kg ha-1 P2O5 rate eliciting the tallest plants (58.79 cm), longest leaf blades (51.44 cm) and highest number of leaves per plant (13) at Kakamega site. The highest rate led to the greatest vigor in both sites for both seasons while the control had the poorest vigor. Variety P-224 showed the highest lodging count with 32 out of 246 plants per experimental unit during the rainy season at Kakamega. The unit increase in grain yield was positively and significantly correlated with increased values of the harvest index (r=0.375), number of leaves (r=0.393) and plant height (r=0.431) but negatively and significantly correlated to the 1000-grain mass (r=-0.578) and lodging (r=-0.233). The best phosphorus treatment for most of the parameters was 25 kg ha-1 P2O5 at Alupe while maximum levels of the study parameters were realized under the 37.5 kg ha-1 P2O5 rate at Kakamega.

scholarly journals Evaluation of durum wheat varieties for yield and yield related traits in highland areas of southern Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-28
Author(s):  
S Shibeshi ◽  
D Kassa
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Southern Ethiopia ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Combined Analysis ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Positive Correlations

Durum wheat productivity in Ethiopia is hindered by different factors mainly lack of improved adapted varieties for specific locations. This experiment was done to identify the most performing durum wheat varieties in the tested environment. The average productivity of the tested genotypes were evaluated at two locations (Alicho and Analimo) using randomized complete block design with four replication for two consecutive years (2016 and 2017). The experimental material consists of seven improved durum wheat genotypes. The Combined analysis of variance showed significant (P<0.05) difference among tested genotypes on collected parameter indicating the presence of adequate variability. The highest average grain yield recorded was 4446 kg ha-1 from Hitosa variety while the lowest obtained was 3634 kg ha-1 from Denbi variety. Grain yield had strong positive correlations (P<0.01) with plant height, number of seed spike-1 and biomass. Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. Tech. 11(1): 26-28, June 2021

Principal Component and Genetic Diversity Analysis for Seed Yield and Its Related Components in the Genotypes of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.K. Jain ◽  
L.D. Sharma ◽  
K.C. Gupta ◽  
Vipin Kumar ◽  
R.S. Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Total Variation ◽  
Hierarchical Clustering ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Component Traits ◽  
Selection Of

Background: The seed yield of chickpea can be improved by selection of superior genotypes on the basis of different yield and yield component traits. These genotypes exclusively utilize in breeding programs. Yield is a complex trait which is affected by several factors, hence, a well-known technique known as principal component analysis was used to identify and minimize the number of traits for effective selection. To obtain efficient recombinants, the identified component traits need to be combined from diverse parents through recombination breeding followed by selection of transgressive segregants. Hence, the present study is envisaged to measure the genetic diversity among genotypes of chickpea.Methods: The experimental material comprised of 40 chickpea genotypes evaluated in randomized block design with three replications. The experimental unit was four rows per plot with 4 m length and spacing between row to row and plant to plant maintained as 30 x 10 cm. NPK (20:40:00) fertilizers was applied as basal doses. The data were recorded for each genotype on nine quantitative traits as per standard methods. Descriptive statistics and PCA analysis was performed by using the statistical package SPSS 16.0 version and cluster analysis was done using the Wards method of hierarchical clustering technique.Result: Out of nine PCs only three PCs exhibited more than 1.0 Eigen value and showed about 73.4% variability. PC1 contributed 28.6% of the total variation and correlated with days to flowering, days to maturity, plant height, first pod height, seeds per pod and number of pods per plant while PC2 explained 21.00% of the total variation and dominated by plant height, first pod height and seed yield. PC3 explained an additional 13.00% of the total variation and dominated by primary branches per plant. Genotype commonly found in more PC, were BG 4016, IPCB 2015-165, IPC 2011-247, GNG2459 and RKG 19-4. Hierarchical clustering technique grouped 40 genotypes into two main clusters (A and B) and nine sub clusters. The present investigation depicted that the chickpea germplasm displayed considerable genetic diversity for most of the traits under consideration. 

scholarly journals Weed community and growth under the canopy of trees adapted to the brazilian semi-arid region

2010 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.S.L. Silva ◽  
P.I.B. Silva ◽  
K.M.B. Silva ◽  
O.F. Oliveira ◽  
J.D.D. Jales ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Arid Region ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Stem Diameter ◽  
Perennial Species ◽  
Random Block ◽  
Random Block Design ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
Semi Arid

The objectives of this work were to evaluate the floristic composition and dry biomass of weeds under the canopy of seven perennial species adapted to the Semi-Arid region of Brazil, and correlate these characteristics with growth traits of the perennial species. The following perennial species were evaluated in two experiments (E1 and E2): mesquite (Prosopis juliflora), jucá (Caesalpinia ferrea), white popinac (Leucaena leucocephala), mofumbo (Combretum leprosum), neem (Azadirachata indica), sabiá (Mimosa caesalpiniaefolia) and tamarind (Tamarindus indica). In E1, the seven species were evaluated in a random block design with four replicates and nine plants per plot. In E2, evaluation comprised four species (mesquite, jucá, white popinac, and tamarind) in a random block design with eight replicates and nine plants per plot. A circle with an area of 1.77 m² was established around the trunk of each plant, two years after they were transplanted to the permanent location. The weeds collected within this circle were cut even with the ground, classified and weighed. At this time, plant height, and crown and stem diameters were evaluated in all trees of each plot. In E1 there were no differences between tree species as to weed frequency under their canopies; however, weed growth was smaller under the canopy of sabiá trees. Mesquite and sabiá had the greatest plant height and crown diameter means, but only sabiá had the greatest stem diameter. In E2, the perennial species were not different with regard to weed frequency and growth under their canopies, but mesquite had the greatest growth, as measured by plant height (with significant results for jucá as well) and crown and stem diameter.

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