Isolation and identification of a novel Staphylococcus from benzalkonium chloride solution

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Fan ◽  
Heqin Zhan ◽  
Zhao Yong-Xing
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Sodium Hypochlorite ◽  
Cationic Surfactants ◽  
Benzalkonium Chloride ◽  
Chloride Solution ◽  
Sole Source ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Physiological Characterization ◽  
Benzalkonium Bromide

A bacterium was isolated from benzalkonium chloride solution (5%) stored in an uncovered bottle. The strain was identified as Staphylococcus aureas named SA-RBC through the test of its morphology, biochemical and physiological characterization. The isolated strain SA-RBC has important symbol of pathogenic Staphylococcus by producing coagulase, phosphatase and thermonuclease. Resistance of SA-RBC to disinfectants or antibiotics was tested. The results showed that the strain was highly resistant to benzalkonium chloride, benzalkonium bromide, glutaraldehyde and sodium hypochlorite, but susceptive to phenylic acid. SA-RBC was highly resistant to oxacillin, cefoperazone, cefoxitin, gentamicin, ciprofloxacin, and tetracycline. The tolerable growth concentration of SA-RBC on various surfactants was examined. The results indicated that the strain SA-RBC could grow in a higher concentration of cationic surfactants up to 5%, compared with the control strains (Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, S.epidermidis ATCC12228 and S.aureus ATCC 29213) which were unable to grow in 0.1% cationic surfactants. The strain SA-RBC could not utilize benzalkonium chloride as the sole source of carbon and/or nitrogen. The findings in this study suggested that Staphylococcus aureas might be an original contaminant in the quaternary ammonium disinfectant and has potential risk for public health.

scholarly journals Distribution of Enterobacteria in Ready-to-Eat Food in Cafeterias and Retail Food Outlets in Benin City: Public Health Implications

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 80-94
Author(s):  
I.H. Igbinosa ◽  
A. Beshiru ◽  
N.E. Egharevba ◽  
E.O. Igbinosa
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Foodborne Pathogens ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Klebsiella Oxytoca ◽  
Enterobacter Cloacae ◽  
Bacterial Count ◽  
Citrobacter Freundii ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Isolation And Identification

Background: The aim of this study was to determine the occurrence and antibiotic susceptibility profile of enterobacteria isolated from ready-to-eat foods within Benin metropolis, Nigeria.Methods: This was a descriptive study of 210 ready-to-eat food samples comprising fried rice, jollof rice, moi-moi, salad, oil beans, non-oil beans, and African salad obtained from roadside food vendors between January and June 2017. Isolation and identification of enterobacteria isolates were carried out using standard bacteriological and molecular methods. Antibiotic susceptibility profile was carried out using the disc diffusion method.Results: The mean mesophilic bacterial count expressed in log10 CFU/g from the ready-to-eat foods ranged from oil beans (4.3±0.52) to African salad (7.2±1.38). Escherichia coli count ranged between oil beans (1.8±0.16) and African salad (4.1±0.10). Salmonella species count ranged from non-oil beans (2.3±0.17) to African salad (5.2±0.09). Significant differences were observed from the population count of the ready-to-eat foods (p < 0.05). Bacterial isolates recovered from the ready-to-eat foods include Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Citrobacter freundii, Enterobacter cloacae, Salmonella enterica, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella oxytoca. The highest occurrence of the bacterial isolates was Escherichia coli 23(41.07%) while the least was Citrobacter freundii 3(5.36%) and Enterobacter cloacae 3(5.36%). The antimicrobial susceptibility profile of the bacterial isolates revealed that all bacterial isolates were 100% resistant to cefepime, ceftazidime, cefuroxime, ertapenem, and meropenem; with considerable sensitivity to kanamycin and gentamycin.Conclusion: The occurrence of these bacterial isolates in the foods constitutes public health risk to consumers as these pathogens have been associated with foodborne infections. Keywords: Antibiotic-resistant; Enterobacteria; Foodborne pathogens; Microbial quality; Public health; Street foods

scholarly journals Isolation and identification of bacteria in different street vended foods collected from selected areas of Bangladesh

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-70
Author(s):  
Torun Kumar Paul ◽  
Snigdha Rani Roy ◽  
Pankaz Roy Sarkar ◽  
Moniruzzaman Tarafder ◽  
Tapu Kumar Saha
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Street Vendor ◽  
Street Food ◽  
Staphylococcus Spp ◽  
Klebsiella Spp

Street food vending has become an important public health issue and a great concern to everybody. This is due to widespread food borne diseases, due to the mushrooming of wayside food vendors who lack an adequate understanding of the basic food safety issues. Major sources contributing to microbial contamination are the place of preparation, utensils for cooking and serving, raw materials, time and temperature abuse of cooked foods and the personal hygiene of vendors. The objective of the study was to explore the microbiological quality of different street food; Chotpoti, Chanachur, Amra (Spondias mombin) and Jolpai (Elaeocarpus serratus (Veralu / Ceylon Olive) sold by various street vendor at Khulna city, Bangladesh. A total of 20 samples were collected randomly from street vendors and tested for the presence of bacteria following standard microbiological method used for isolation, enumaration and identification of bacreria. All the examined samples were contaminated by various types of bacteria. The total viable count (TVC) in different street food samples was ranged from 9.6 x 10 CFU/g to 5.9x10 CFU/g. Among samples Escherichia coli 8(40%), Staphylococcus spp. 5(25%), Klebsiella spp. 4(20%), Salmonella spp. 1(5%) and Shigella spp. 2 (10%) were isolated. Escherichia coli were found highest 3(50%) Jolpai samples, then another organisms Staphylococcus spp. was found highest 2(50%) in Chotpoti and then Klebsiella spp. was found one in each sample. Therefore, application of sound risk analysis policies is being advocated to provide a scientific base to the host of risk management option which Bangladesh may need to explore to ensure public health and safety. Asian Australas. J. Food Saf. Secur. 2018, 2(2), 65-70

scholarly journals Salmonella in Captive Reptiles and Their Environment—Can We Tame the Dragon?

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 1012
Author(s):  
Magdalena Zając ◽  
Magdalena Skarżyńska ◽  
Anna Lalak ◽  
Renata Kwit ◽  
Aleksandra Śmiałowska-Węglińska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Detection Rate ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Epidemiological Analysis ◽  
High Occurrence ◽  
Salmonella Serovars ◽  
Floor Surfaces

Reptiles are considered a reservoir of a variety of Salmonella (S.) serovars. Nevertheless, due to a lack of large-scale research, the importance of Reptilia as a Salmonella vector still remains not completely recognized. A total of 731 samples collected from reptiles and their environment were tested. The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence of Salmonella in exotic reptiles kept in Poland and to confirm Salmonella contamination of the environment after reptile exhibitions. The study included Salmonella isolation and identification, followed by epidemiological analysis of the antimicrobial resistance of the isolates. Implementation of a pathway additional to the standard Salmonella isolation protocol led to a 21% increase in the Salmonella serovars detection rate. The study showed a high occurrence of Salmonella, being the highest at 92.2% in snakes, followed by lizards (83.7%) and turtles (60.0%). The pathogen was also found in 81.2% of swabs taken from table and floor surfaces after reptile exhibitions and in two out of three egg samples. A total of 918 Salmonella strains belonging to 207 serovars and serological variants were obtained. We have noted the serovars considered important with respect to public health, i.e., S. Enteritidis, S. Typhimurium, and S. Kentucky. The study proves that exotic reptiles in Poland are a relevant reservoir of Salmonella.

scholarly journals Molecular characterization and antimicrobial resistance of potentially human‐pathogenic Escherichia coli strains isolated from riding horses

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pouya Reshadi ◽  
Fatemeh Heydari ◽  
Reza Ghanbarpour ◽  
Mahboube Bagheri ◽  
Maziar Jajarmi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Zoonotic Potential ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Public Health Concern ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Pathogenic Escherichia Coli ◽  
Amoxicillin Clavulanic Acid

Abstract Background Transmission of antimicrobial resistant and virulent Escherichia coli (E. coli) from animal to human has been considered as a public health concern. This study aimed to determine the phylogenetic background and prevalence of diarrheagenic E. coli and antimicrobial resistance in healthy riding-horses in Iran. In this research, the genes related to six main pathotypes of E. coli were screened. Also, genotypic and phenotypic antimicrobial resistance against commonly used antibiotics were studied, then phylo-grouping was performed on all the isolates. Results Out of 65 analyzed isolates, 29.23 % (n = 19) were determined as STEC and 6.15 % (n = 4) as potential EPEC. The most prevalent antimicrobial resistance phenotypes were against amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (46.2 %) and ceftriaxone (38.5 %). blaTEM was the most detected resistance gene (98.4 %) among the isolates and 26.15 % of the E. coli isolates were determined as multi-drug resistant (MDR). Three phylo-types including B1 (76.92 %), A (13.85 %) and D (3.08 %) were detected among the isolates. Conclusions Due to the close interaction of horses and humans, these findings would place emphasis on the pathogenic and zoonotic potential of the equine strains and may help to design antimicrobial resistance stewardship programs to control the dissemination of virulent and multi-drug resistant E. coli strains in the community.

Sucrose monolaurate improves the efficacy of sodium hypochlorite against Escherichia coli O157:H7 on spinach

2011 ◽  
Vol 145 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan Xiao ◽  
Ran Ye ◽  
P. Michael Davidson ◽  
Douglas G. Hayes ◽  
David A. Golden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Sodium Hypochlorite ◽  
Escherichia Coli O157

scholarly journals The quantitative bacteriology of some commercial bivalve shellfish entering British markets

1975 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 431-440 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. A. Ayres
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Accepted Standard ◽  
Plate Counts ◽  
Bivalve Shellfish ◽  
Faecal Streptococci ◽  
Specific Illness

SUMMARYIncidents of non-specific illness associated with the consumption of oysters have highlighted the lack of published information on the bacteriology of shellfish suitable for consumption. Investigations showed that the majority of molluscan shellfish entering English markets conform to the accepted standard of less than 5 Escherichia coli/ml. tissue. The numbers of E. coli were related to the sanitary quality of the growing area but no relation could be established between numbers of E. coli and coliforms, faecal streptococci or Clostridium welchii. The numbers of non-specific bacteria varied considerably but shellfish from sources associated with non-specific illness yielded relatively high counts at 37° C. The results showed that there was no justification for a standard based on total plate counts, which often exceeded 106/g. Such a standard would have to be coupled with spoilage or the incidence of non-specific illness. The relation between the numbers of non-specific bacteria growing at 20 and 37° C. appears to be a useful measure for assessing the likelihood that raw shellfish are a public health risk.

Potential Public Health Significance of Non-Escherichia coli Coliforms in Food

1979 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
ROBERT M. TWEDT ◽  
BRENDA K. BOUTIN
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Diarrheal Disease ◽  
Health Hazard ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Potential Health Hazard ◽  
Health Significance

Several coliform species other than Escherichia coli are often associated with and possibly responsible for acute and chronic diarrheal disease. Recent evidence suggests that non-Escherichia coli coliforms may be capable of colonizing the human intestine and producing enterotoxin(s) in high-yield. Whether these organisms are newly capable of causing disease because of infestation with extrachromosomal factors mediating pathogenicity or simply because of inherent pathogenic capabilities that have gone unrecognized, they pose a potential health hazard. Food, medical, and public health microbiologists should be aware that the non-E. coli coliforms contaminating foods may be potential enteropathogens. This possibility may make determination of their pathogenic capabilities even more important than identification of their taxonomic characteristics.

scholarly journals Antibiotic-resistant Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp. associated with dairy cattle and farm environment having public health significance

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 984-993 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Abdus Sobur ◽  
Abdullah Al Momen Sabuj ◽  
Ripon Sarker ◽  
A. M. M. Taufiqur Rahman ◽  
S. M. Lutful Kabir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
One Health ◽  
Dairy Farm ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
E Coli

Aim: The present study was carried out to determine load of total bacteria, Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp. in dairy farm and its environmental components. In addition, the antibiogram profile of the isolated bacteria having public health impact was also determined along with identification of virulence and resistance genes by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) under a one-health approach. Materials and Methods: A total of 240 samples of six types (cow dung - 15, milk - 10, milkers' hand wash - 10, soil - 10 water - 5, and vegetables - 10) were collected from four dairy farms. For enumeration, the samples were cultured onto plate count agar, eosin methylene blue, and xylose-lysine deoxycholate agar and the isolation and identification of the E. coli and Salmonella spp. were performed based on morphology, cultural, staining, and biochemical properties followed by PCR. The pathogenic strains of E. coli stx1, stx2, and rfbO157 were also identified through PCR. The isolates were subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility test against 12 commonly used antibiotics by disk diffusion method. Detection of antibiotic resistance genes ereA, tetA, tetB, and SHV were performed by PCR. Results: The mean total bacterial count, E. coli and Salmonella spp. count in the samples ranged from 4.54±0.05 to 8.65±0.06, 3.62±0.07 to 7.04±0.48, and 2.52±0.08 to 5.87±0.05 log colony-forming unit/g or ml, respectively. Out of 240 samples, 180 (75%) isolates of E. coli and 136 (56.67%) isolates of Salmonella spp. were recovered through cultural and molecular tests. Among the 180 E. coli isolates, 47 (26.11%) were found positive for the presence of all the three virulent genes, of which stx1 was the most prevalent (13.33%). Only three isolates were identified as enterohemorrhagic E. coli. Antibiotic sensitivity test revealed that both E. coli and Salmonella spp. were found highly resistant to azithromycin, tetracycline, erythromycin, oxytetracycline, and ertapenem and susceptible to gentamycin, ciprofloxacin, and imipenem. Among the four antibiotic resistance genes, the most observable was tetA (80.51-84.74%) in E. coli and Salmonella spp. and SHV genes were the lowest one (22.06-25%). Conclusion: Dairy farm and their environmental components carry antibiotic-resistant pathogenic E. coli and Salmonella spp. that are potential threat for human health which requires a one-health approach to combat the threat.

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