scholarly journals ​Influence of Pre-sowing Treatments, Sowing Positions and Age of Stones after Extraction from Fruit on Germination and Vigour of Mango

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
U.R. Reshma ◽  
S. Simi
Keyword(s):  
Cow Dung ◽  
Water Control ◽  
Seedling Vigour ◽  
Plant Vigour ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Early Germination ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

Background: Mango stones are in general recalcitrant. Moreover, they are available only during April- May months which are the drier parts of the year. So stone germination and plant vigour are very low. Proper seed orientation, age of stones after extraction from fruit and pre-sowing treatments need to be taken into consideration for inducing early germination, boosting growth, enhancing the seedling vigour and reducing the mortality. Methods: The experiment was laid out in factorial completely randomized design with forty two treatment combinations replicated thrice. The treatments were comprised of two sowing positions viz., flat and stalk end up, three age of stones after extraction from fruit, viz., fresh extracted, 10 days and 20 days after extraction and seven pre-sowing treatments viz., 100 ppm GA3, 200 ppm GA3, 1 ppm KNO3, 2 ppm KNO3, cow dung slurry, water, control and their combinations. Result: Stalk end up sowing of freshly extracted stones pre-treated with 200 ppm GA3 for 24 hours recorded better germination and vigour of mango seedlings.

Pertumbuhan Cladocera jenis Chydoridae pada media kultur yang berbeda

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Denovis Sambode ◽  
Henneke Pangkey ◽  
Sartje Lantu
Keyword(s):  
Population Growth ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Period Data ◽  
Growth Development ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Medium Culture

The aim of this study was to find out the effect of different organic fertilizers on the population growth of Chydorus sp. This research was conducted at Laboratorium of Nutrition and Food Technology, Faculty of Fishery and Marine Sciences, Sam Ratulangi University, from December, 2012 to January, 2013. The experiment was run in the Completely Randomized Design with 3 treatments and 3 replication. Chydorus sp. was cultured in 9 glass jars with a volume of 1 L each. Three treatments applied in this research included A: medium culture composed of 500ml of water and 50 grams of soil; B: medium culture composed of 500ml of water, 50 grams of soil and 10g of cow dung; C: medium culture composed of 500ml of water, 50 grams of soil and 10g of horse dung. The density of Cydorus sp. in each media was 10 individuals /500 ml water. Observation on the population growth, development of live preys, and water quality parameters was conducted for 20 days period. Data were statistically analized with Analysis of variance. The results showed the highest density of Chydorus sp. was reached by Chydorus cultured in medium with horse manure (2169 individual/500 ml), followed by medium culture with cow manure (1715 individual/500 ml), and the lowest in medium culture with soil which was 1065,33 individual/500 ml. However, Analysis of variances showed that Chydorus population growth were not significantly affected by different culture medium. Keywords: manure, liquid fertilizer, growth, Chydorus sp.

scholarly journals Keefektifan Bahan Pencuci dan Pencegah Penyakit Terhadap Kualitas Buah Mangga CV. Gedong Gincu dan Arumanis

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 253 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Sutopo ◽  
Roedhy Poerwanto ◽  
Suryo Wiyono
Keyword(s):  
Burn Injury ◽  
Cryptococcus Albidus ◽  
Water Control ◽  
Mango Fruit ◽  
Tropical Fruit ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Fruit Skin ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Skin Damages

<p>Mangga merupakan salah satu komoditas buah tropis di Indonesia yang mempunyai peluang besar untuk pasar domestik dan juga ekspor. Namun, kualitas buah mangga masih memiliki banyak permasalahan. Salah satunya adalah getah yang mengotori kulit buah mangga. Pada saat tangkai buah mangga rusak, getah menyebar pada kulit buah yang menyebabkan kerusakan kulit dan serangan penyakit. Penelitian bertujuan mendapatkan bahan pencuci dan pencegah penyakit yang efektif terhadap kualitas buah mangga cv. Gedong Gincu dan Arumanis. Buah mangga dipanen di kebun petani di Cirebon, Jawa Barat dan Probolinggo, Jawa Timur. Pengamatan dilakukan di Laboratorium Pascapanen Institut Pertanian Bogor pada bulan November 2013 sampai Januari 2014. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap nonfaktorial yang terdiri atas sembilan perlakuan, yaitu air (kontrol) (P0T0), air (kontrol) + fungisida (P0T1), air (kontrol) + khamir Cryptococcus albidus dengan konsentrasi 5 x 104 sel/ml (P0T2), deterjen 1% + air (kontrol) (P1T0), deterjen 1% + fungisida (P1T1), deterjen 1% + khamir C. albidus (P1T2), deterjen 1% + Ca(OH)2 0,5% + air (kontrol) (P2T0), deterjen 1% + Ca(OH)2 0,5% + fungisida (P2T1), dan deterjen 1% + Ca(OH)2 0,5% + khamir C. albidus (P2T2). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa deterjen 1% + Ca(OH)2 0,5% + khamir C. albidus 5 x 104 sel/ml, dan deterjen 1% + Ca(OH)2 0,5% + fungisida 0,025% yang paling efektif menghilangkan getah, mengurangi luka bakar, bintik lentisel, mencegah terjadinya kerusakan penyakit antraknosa dan busuk pangkal buah dibandingkan dengan perlakuan kontrol pada kultivar Gedong Gincu dan Arumanis.</p><p>Mango is one of the commodity of tropical fruit in Indonesia which has a great opportunities for domestic market and also export. However, quality of mango still has many problems in Indonesia. One of them is the sap contaminating the skin of mango fruit. When the stem of mango fruit is broken, the sap oozes out spreading over the fruit skin causes serious skin damages and attack of disease. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of washing materials and disease protecting agent on the quality of mango fruit cv. Gedong Gincu and Arumanis. Mango fruit was harvested in farmer garden in Cirebon, West Java and Probolinggo, East Java and observation was conducted in Postharvest Laboratory of Bogor Agricultural University in November 2013 to January 2014. The experiment was designed in a completely randomized design nonfactorial that consist of nine treatments: water (control) (P0T0), water (control) + fungicide (P0T1), water (control) + yeast Cryptococcus albidus with concentration 5 g/liter 5 x 104 cell/ml (P0T2), detergent 1% + water (control) (P1T0), detergent 1% + fungicide (P1T2), detergent 1% + yeast C. albidus (P1T0), detergent 1% + Ca(OH)2 0.5% + water (control) (P2T0), detergent 1% + Ca(OH)2 0.5% + fungicide (P2T1), and detergent 1% + Ca(OH)2 0.5% + yeast C. albidus (P2T1).The result showed that the treatment of detergent 1% + Ca(OH)2 0.5% + yeast C. albidus and detergent 1% + Ca(OH)2 0.5% + fungicides 0.025 was effective to removing of sap, less of sap burn injury, lenticel spoting, protecting agent of anthracnose disease and stem end rot as compared to control on mango fruit cv. Gedong Gincu and Arumanis.</p>

scholarly journals PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF PROFENOFOS INSECTICIDE TOWARDS CONSUMPTION RATE 6 AND ASSIMILATION EFFICIENCY OF COW – DUNG BY EARTHWORMS 7 PONTOSCOLE CORETHRURUS FR. MULL

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Erwin Nofyan ◽  
Mustafa Kamal ◽  
Syafrina Lamin ◽  
Syedzar Al-Ghifari
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Consumption Rate ◽  
Assimilation Efficiency ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
Physiological Effects ◽  
Pontoscolex Corethrurus ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Research Show ◽  
Rate Of Consumption

The purpose of this research is to determined the effect of insecticide profenofos to the rate of consumption and assimilation efficiency of cow- dung by earthworms Pontoscolex corethrurus Fr. Mull. This research used Completely Randomized Design with 6 treatments and 5 repetition. Treatments that was given to sample are the insecticide profenofos with concentration of 0 % (control); 0.1%; 0.2 %; 0.3 %; 0.4 %; 0.5 %. Data analysis was using Varians Analysis. If there was real difference then data analysis continued with The Duncan Test on level of confidence of 95%. The results of this research show us that several concentration of insecticide carbaryl have the real effect to the average of consumption rate and the efficiency of absorption. The lowest average of consumption rate on earthworm Pontoscolex corethrurus Fr.Mull is on concentration of 0.5 % (0.23 ± 0.02 mg/g day) and the highest average of consumption 26 rate on earthworm Pontoscolex corethrurus Fr. Mull is on concentration of 0% (control) (2.53 ± 0.05 mg/g day). The lowest average of approach digestyon earthworm Pontoscolex corethrurus is on concentration of 0 % (control) (40.78 28 ± 2.56 %) and the highest average of digestion earth worm Pontoscolex corethrurus Fr.Mull is on concentration of 0.5 % 29 (70.76 ± 3.67 %).

scholarly journals Effect of nitrogen fertilizer rates on growth and oil yield of Java lemongrass (Cymbopogon winterianus Jawitt) in Thu Duc, Ho Chi Minh City

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-16
Author(s):  
Lan P. H. Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽  
Oil Yield ◽  
Ho Chi Minh City ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Leaf Yield ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Fertilizer Rates

Java lemongrass is commonly cultivated in Vietnam for the use in industries and traditional medicine. Currently, the application of fertilizer, especially nitrogen fertilizer, is one of the most traditional farm practices to increase production yield. A single factorial experiment was carried out in a completely randomized design, three replications to determine the suitability of nitrogen fertilizer rates on growth, leaf and oil yields of Java lemongrass. Six treatments were used in this experiment including 90, 120, 150, 180, 210, 240 kg N/ha and applying 90 kg N/ha as control. Fertilizer base for treatments (for 1 ha) included 20 tons of cow dung compost, 60 kg P2O5 and 60 kg K2O. The application of 120 kg N/ha significantly improved the growth of Java lemongrass as plant height (97.0 cm/plant), average number of leaves (197.1 leaves/plant), average weight of leaves per plant (198.7 g/plant), fully leaf yield (9.4 tons/ha/2 harvest times), essential oil content (1.0% FW) and economic oil yield (97.8 kg/ha/2 harvests).

scholarly journals First Report of the Purple Variant of Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens pv. flaccumfaciens, Causal Agent of Bacterial Wilt of Bean, in Canada

Plant Disease ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 90 (9) ◽  
pp. 1262-1262 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. C. Huang ◽  
R. S. Erickson ◽  
L. J. Yanke ◽  
C. D. Chelle ◽  
H.-H. Mündel
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Wilt ◽  
Blue Pigment ◽  
Bacterial Suspension ◽  
Water Control ◽  
First Report ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Conventional Tests ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
Pooled Sample

Bacterial wilt of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) caused by the yellow and orange variants of Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens pv. Flaccumfaciens (Hedges) Collins & Jones was found in western Canada in 2002 (1). A purple variant was found in a pooled sample of discolored cull seeds of great northern bean (cv. US1140) from a crop grown near Bow Island, Alberta, Canada in 2005. Bacterial colonies isolated from purple seed using modified Burkholder's agar (MBA) (3) were convex, glistening, and smooth edged with blue pigment diffusing into the medium. Three isolates (V154, V155, and V254) were identified with conventional tests (2), carbohydrate oxidation (GP Microplates, Biolog Inc., Hayward, CA), and cellular fatty acids (CFA) (MIDI, Inc., Newark, DE). All were grampositive, motile, aerobic rods with yellow colonies producing extracellular blue pigment on MBA when grown at 20 ± 2°C. Bacterial isolates grew at 27°C but grew weakly at 37°C. They were positive for catalase and hydrolysis of hippurate and indoxyl acetate and negative for urease, gelatin liquification, and oxidase. CFA profiles were approximately 48% 15:0 anteiso, 40% 17:0 anteiso, 7% 16:0 iso, and 3% 15:0 iso; with 17:1 anteiso A variable but <1%. Many carbohydrates were oxidized in the Biolog microplates with little acid production. The results match C. flaccumfaciens (2) and the MIDI and Biolog databases, as well as the purple variant of C. flaccumfaciens found in Nebraska, the only previous report of this variant (4). The pathogenicity of the three isolates was tested. Seeds of great northern (cv. US1140) and navy (cv. Morden003) beans were soaked in a bacterial suspension (1 × 108 CFU/ml) or distilled water (control) for 1 h, planted in Cornell mix in root trainers, incubated at 28/22°C (16-h day/8-h night) in a growth cabinet for 14 days, and examined for seedling wilt. The test had three replicates per treatment and 20 seeds per replicate in a completely randomized design. All three isolates were pathogenic to both bean cultivars. The wilt incidences were 51, 57, and 56% on US1140 and 64, 76, and 69% on Morden003 for isolates V154, V155, and V254, respectively. The purple variant of C. flaccumfaciens was reisolated from hypocotyls of wilted seedlings but not from healthy controls. The experiment was repeated using the reisolated bacteria and the results were similar to the first experiment, thus fulfilling Koch's postulates. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the purple variant of C. flaccumfaciens pv. flaccumfaciens in Canada. References: (1) T. F. Hsieh et al. Plant Dis. 86:1275, 2002. (2) K. Komagata et al. Page 1313 in: Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology. Vol. 2. Williams and Wilkens, Baltimore, MD, 1986. (3) G. A. Nelson and G. Semeniuk. Phytopathology 54:330, 1964. (4) M. L. Schuster et al. Can. J. Microbiol. 14:423, 1968.

scholarly journals PENGARUH PENCAMPURAN KOTORAN TERNAK SEBAGAI MEDIA KULTUR TERHADAP PERTAMBAHAN POPULASI CACING TANAH (Lumbricus rubellus)

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-80
Author(s):  
Satria Edi Putra ◽  
Iskandar Johan ◽  
Muhammad Hasby
Keyword(s):  
Culture Medium ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Fish Farming ◽  
Lumbricus Rubellus ◽  
Cattle Dung ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Buffalo Dung ◽  
Growing Population

This research aims to determine the effect of mixing cattle dung as a culture medium to the growing population of earthworms. The research was conducted for 42 days starting from 18 October to 28 November 2017 at the fish farming school hall of Agriculture Faculty of Islamic University Riau Pekanbaru. The worm tree used in this study was as many as 960 tail or 80 tail for each container. Worms are maintained for 42 days with different mixtures of medium, i,e, 100% P1 dung treatment, P2 cow-dung treatment 50% + 50% buffalo dung, 50% cow dung + 50% goat dung, 50% cow dung + 50% chicken droppings. The research design was Completely Randomized Design with 4 treatments and 3 replications. The result of this research showed that the increase of population of earthworm with the mixing of cattle dung as culture media which conducted for 42 days is the best treatment of P2 as much as 4266 head/container, then the second one used was in treatment 3 as much as 1855 head/container, and the lowest increase of the population was at treatment P1 as much as 403 head/container, and followed by treatment P4 as much as 575 head/ container.

scholarly journals Growth and productivity of cassava given organic fertilizer and potential waste as a source of animal feed

2021 ◽  
Vol 306 ◽  
pp. 01054
Author(s):  
Anak Agung Ngurah Badung Sarmuda Dinata ◽  
Anastasia Sischa Jati Utami ◽  
I Wayan Sudarma
Keyword(s):  
Animal Feed ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Plant Production ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Tuber Production ◽  
Compost Plant ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

The research was conducted to determine the growth and productivity of cassava plants that are given organic fertilizers and their potential waste as ruminant animal feed. The research was conducted at Kerthi Winangun Farmers Group, Bukti village, Kubutambahan District, Buleleng Regency. The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design with three fertilization treatments and twelve replications. The fertilizer given were: cow dung 5 kg/plant (UK1), compost 5 kg/plant (UK2) and cow dung 5 kg/plant + bio urine 300 ml/plant (UK3). The Parameters observed were (1) plant growth (height, Number of leaves and tubers), (2) tuber production, (3) waste (leaf and peel) production and (4) carrying capacity. The result shows that application of 5 kg compost/plant yielded the highest tuber, leaf and peel production was respectively 1789,25±475,50, 667 ± 104 and 416,61±18 g/plant. Production of this peel can be used to feed 1.29-1.52 cattle/ha/year or 10.73-12,68 goat/ha/year. In conclusion, the cassava that was given with 5 kg compost per plant has the highest production to be used as a source of feed for ruminants.

scholarly journals PERTUMBUHAN TANAMAN KETAPANG (Terminalia catappa L) DENGAN PENAMBAHAN PUPUK ORGANIK DAN NPK PADA TAILING DI PERSEMAIAN

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eka Musrini ◽  
Abdurrani Muin ◽  
Burhanuddin Burhanuddin
Keyword(s):  
Dry Weight ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
Terminalia Catappa ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Npk Fertilizer ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Growth Of Seedlings

Restoration and revegetation must be done to recover the post-mining land ecosystem. The strategy of one vegetative that could be applied to rehabilitate degraded the post-mining land is revegetation with the applications the organic and NPK fertilizer to improve the land conditions and choose the suitable of the plant. Terminalia catappa L is one of the plants classified as a pioneer species and can grow on the poor nutrient land and easy to cultivation. Research on the additions of cow dung as ameliorant and NPK fertilizer to improve the physical, chemical, and biological of tailings media in nursery to the growth of Terminalia catappa L. Treatment was given to the growth of seedlings of Terminalia catappa L using the Completely Randomized Design (RAL) with 2 (two) factor treatment. The first factor is NPK Fertilizer with 5 level treatment such as without Fertilizer (K0), 5 gr (K1), 10 gr (K2), 15 gr (K3), 20 gr (K4). The second factor is an organic compound from cow dung with 5 level treatment such us without cow dung (P0), 10 gr (P1), 20 gr (P2), 30 gr (P3), 40 gr (P4). Each level of treatment consisting of 3 replications so the amount of seedlings in this research is 75 seedlings. Data collected were short high (cm), stem diameter (mm), number of leaves and dry weight of the plant. The result of addition organic and NPK fertilizer on tailing media in nursery gave a significant effect on the growth of height, diameter, number of leaves and dry weight of Terminalia catappa L. The best result media treatment for all parameters is NPK fertilizer and cow dung with combination 20: 40 gr,  although almost all of the ameliorant treatment gave the better result if compare the control treatment without addition organic ameliorant.Keywords: ameliorant, organic and NPK Fertilizer, Tailings, Terminalia catappa L.

scholarly journals Effect of Gibberellic Acid on Germination and Vigour of Kagzi Lime Seedlings

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Asha Chaudhary ◽  
T. R. Ahlawat ◽  
Sanjeev Kumar ◽  
Suchismita Jena ◽  
Dharmishtha Patel
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Seedling Vigour ◽  
Survival Percentage ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Early Germination ◽  
Vigour Index ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Collar Diameter

Aims: To investigate the effect of storage treatments, gibberellic acid (GA3) and duration of soaking on seed germination and seedling growth in Kagzi lime. Study Design: The experiment was laid out in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with factorial concept and three repetitions. Place and Duration of Study: The experiment was conducted during July to November 2017 at Department of Fruit Science, Navsari Agricultural University, Navsari, Gujarat, India. Methodology: The experiment consisted of sixteen treatments which were repeated thrice. It comprised of three factors and their respective levels. Factor S1 indicated freshly extracted kagzi lime seeds and S2 comprised of seeds stored for 15 days. The different concentrations of gibberellic acid were G1 - 200 ppm; G2 - 300 ppm; G3 - 400 ppm and G4 - 500 ppm. Whereas, duration D1 stood for 12 hours and D2 for 24 hours. Results: The interaction between storage treatments, pre-sowing treatments and duration of soaking was found significant for all parameters included in the study except collar diameter and sturdiness quotient. Soaking freshly extracted Kagzi lime seeds in an aqueous solution of 500 ppm GA3 for 12 hours resulted in the minimum days for 50% germination (27.89), Seedling Vigour Index (3654.83) and survival percentage (84.70). The same treatment when extended for 24 hours recorded the highest germination percentage (95.68) and number of leaves (28.76). Soaking freshly extracted seeds in 400 ppm GA3 solution for 12 hours registered the maximum shoot length (21.63 cm). Kagzi lime seedlings raised from freshly extracted seeds resulted in higher collar diameter (2.04 mm) and sturdiness quotient (8.70). Further, a soaking duration of 12 hours proved better over 24 hours for collar diameter (2.04 mm) and sturdiness quotient (8.69). Between the different concentrations of GA3, 400 ppm gave better results for collar diameter (2.09 mm) and 200 ppm for sturdiness quotient (8.65).   Conclusion: Soaking freshly extracted kagzi lime seeds in an aqueous solution of 500 ppm GA3 for 12 hrs proved to be the best treatment combination for inducing early germination, higher Seedling Vigour Index and survival percentage. Nurserymen can employ these findings for early germination and vigorous seedlings in Kagzi lime. 

scholarly journals Influence of Urea-Dairy Cattle Dung Fertilizer Combinations on Growth and Production of Mulato Grass (Brachiaria Hybrid cv "Mulato")

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Eko Hendarto ◽  
Suwarno Suwarno ◽  
Pramono Sudiarto
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Combined Treatment ◽  
Cattle Dung ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
Forage Production ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Effective Combination ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
The Given

A research with the aim of obtaining an effective combination pattern of fertilization management was done on mulato grass plants (Brachiaria Hybrid cv "Mulato"). The used fertilizers were of cow dung that serves to maintain the quality of soil and urea that is useful to increase the growth and production of plants. The method used was Completely Randomized Design where the treatments were mixed dairy cattle dung at 10, 17 and 24 tons per hectare per defoliation and urea fertilizer at doses of 75, 150 and 225 kg per hectare per defoliation. Each treatment was repeated 3 times so that there were 27 plots of research. The parameters studied were plant height, tiller number, leaf number, weed population and fresh forage production. The collected data were analyzed based on Completely Randomized Design, between Orthogonal tested treatment and regression analyzed dose. The results showed that the combined treatment of cow dung as much as 24 tons per hectare per defoliation with urea of 225 kg per hectare per defoliation (K3U3) showed the best growth and production of Mulato grass, while for the given dosage yielded a linear regression equation

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