Screening of Fluorescent Pseudomonad Isolates Against Sclerotium Rolfsii Sacc., of Soybean (Glycine Max)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priyanka . ◽  
Geeta. Goudar
Keyword(s):  
Rhizosphere Soil ◽  
Agar Medium ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Functional Characterization ◽  
Sclerotium Rolfsii ◽  
Antagonistic Activity ◽  
Fluorescent Pseudomonads ◽  
Fluorescent Pseudomonad ◽  
Clear Zone ◽  
Culture Experiment

An attempt was made to isolate and characterize Fluorescent pseudomonads from the rhizosphere soil samples and further screening of the isolates for their antagonistic properties against Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc., of soybean. The isolates were subjected for morphological, biochemical and functional characterization. All the isolates exhibited fluorescence under UV light. Cells were rods and gram negative. All the isolates produced clear zone of P- solubilization (TCP) (18.80-21.71mm diameter) on Pikovskaya’s agar medium. The fluorescent pseudomonads produced significantly varying quantities of IAA (19.97 mg to 28.89 mg IAA/25 ml of broth) and GA (18.52 µg per 25 ml broth). All the isolates showed antagonistic activity against Sclerotium rolfsii. The per cent inhibition ranged from 36.85 to 70.37. Under pot culture experiment, lowest PDI was observed in DFP48 followed by DFP47, among the FP isolates. These isolates also showed maximum peroxidase activity and also plant growth promotional activities.

Fluctuations in the fluorescent pseudomonad and actinomycete populations of rhizosphere and rhizoplane during the growth of spring wheat

1990 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 254-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. J. Miller ◽  
E. Liljeroth ◽  
G. Henken ◽  
J. A. van Veen
Keyword(s):  
Agar Medium ◽  
Fluorescent Pseudomonads ◽  
Rapid Decline ◽  
Fluorescent Pseudomonad ◽  
Wheat Line ◽  
Bacterial Populations ◽  
Nutrient Agar Medium ◽  
Colony Forming Units ◽  
Survival Studies ◽  
Wheat Lines

The total bacterial populations, fluorescent pseudomonads, and actinomycetes in the rhizosphere, rhizoplane, and endorhizosphere of two wheat lines (C-R5B and C-R5D) were investigated weekly during plant growth. The total numbers of bacteria (colony-forming units) were counted on a low-nutrient agar medium, while the numbers of fluorescent pseudomonads and actinomycetes were determined by means of selective media. Fluorescent pseudomonads generally constituted less than 0.5% of the total bacterial numbers and the percentage significantly decreased with time in the rhizosphere, rhizoplane, and root-free soil. The percentages of fluorescent pseudomonads were lower in the rhizoplane than in the rhizosphere, and in the endorhizosphere they were barely detectable. The rapid decline of fluorescent pseudomonads frequently observed in survival studies may be explained by the inability of the plant to support this group of bacteria during later development of its rhizosphere. Actinomycetes generally represented no more than 7% of the total bacterial numbers. Actinomycete percentages were highest in the rhizosphere and root-free soil and lowest in the endorhizosphere. Only minor differences were found in total bacterial numbers and in the numbers of fluorescent pseudomonads between the two wheat lines. However, numbers of actinomycetes were significantly different over the whole experiment between wheat line C-R5B and C-R5D in the rhizosphere, rhizoplane, and endorhizosphere. Key words: actinomycetes, bacteria, fluorescent pseudomonads, rhizosphere, sampling time.

Inhibition of Salmonella typhimurium on Agar Medium and Poultry Skin by Ultraviolet Energy

1996 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 319-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
SUSAN S. SUMNER ◽  
EVA A. WALLNER-PENDLETON ◽  
GLENN W. FRONING ◽  
LA VERNE E. STETSON
Keyword(s):  
Ultraviolet Radiation ◽  
Salmonella Typhimurium ◽  
Agar Medium ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Light Treatment ◽  
Complete Elimination ◽  
Bacterial Reduction ◽  
Colony Forming Units ◽  
Ultraviolet Energy ◽  
Different Doses

Ultraviolet radiation (UV) was effective in destroying Salmonella typhimurium on agar plates and poultry skin. Agar plates inoculated with varying numbers of colony-forming units (CFU) of S. typhimurium (1.2 × 102 to 1.7 × 109) were subjected to different doses of UV light to determine optimal killing. Poultry skin was also inoculated with varying CFU of S. typhimurium per 2 cm2 of skin and subjected to UV light. UV light treatment of inoculated agar plates revealed almost complete elimination (99.9%) of S. typhimurium at 2,000 μW · s · cm−2. Bacterial reduction was less effective on the surface of poultry skin when a 80.5% reduction in S. typhimurium was obtained at 2,000 μW · s · cm−2.

Molecular and Metabolic Typing of Resident and Transient Fluorescent Pseudomonad Flora from a Meat Mincer

1997 ◽  
Vol 60 (12) ◽  
pp. 1515-1519 ◽  
Author(s):  
CHRIS W. MICHIELS ◽  
MIA SCHELLEKENS ◽  
CARINE C. F. SOONTJENS ◽  
KRISTEL J. A. HAUBEN
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Fluorescent Pseudomonads ◽  
Fluorescent Pseudomonad ◽  
Raw Meat ◽  
Homogeneous Cluster ◽  
Predominant Type ◽  
Biolog System ◽  
Working Day ◽  
Endemic Flora ◽  
Cleaning And Disinfection

Nine spots on a meat mincer in a large catering facility were sampled four times over a three-month period after routine cleaning and disinfection. Spot 2 carried a significantly higher average microbial load than the other spots and was the only spot with a persistent population of fluorescent pseudomonads. The predominant type of fluorescent pseudomonads produced a yellow diffusible pigment and were always found in turkey meat. Since turkey was also the last type of meat minced on each working day, it was considered the likely source of these bacteria on the mincer. Sixty-three yellow-fluorescing pseudomonad strains from un-minced turkey and 17 strains from mincer spot 2 after mincing, cleaning, and disinfection were subjected to fingerprint analysis by random amplification of polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and by analysis of the assimilation patterns of 95 carbon sources using the Biolog system. Cluster analysis of the RAPD and the metabolic fingerprints revealed that all the mincer strains formed a homogeneous cluster, exclusive of all the turkey strains which displayed a higher degree of heterogeneity. Six strains isolated 1 week earlier and six strains isolated 11 weeks earlier from spot 2 were also subjected to RAPD analysis. Their fingerprints fell within the existing cluster of 17 spot 2 strains. These results suggest the existence on mincer spot 2 of an endemic flora of fluorescent pseudomonads, probably in the form of a biofilm. The genetic and physiological homogeneity of this flora, as opposed to the heterogeneity of the raw meat flora, indicates that only a fraction of the raw meat population of P. fiuorescens is successful in forming biofilm in this environment.

Molecular and functional characterization of the novel odorant-binding protein gene AccOBP10 from Apis cerana cerana

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dezheng Guo ◽  
Cuihong Hao ◽  
Xuepei Cui ◽  
Ying Wang ◽  
Zhenguo Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Uv Light ◽  
Apis Cerana ◽  
Functional Characterization ◽  
Venom Gland ◽  
Apis Cerana Cerana ◽  
Real Time Quantitative Pcr ◽  
Qrt Pcr ◽  
Family Analysis ◽  
Stress Related Genes ◽  
Odorant Binding

Summary Odorant-binding proteins (OBPs) play an important role in odor perception and transport in insects. However, little is known about whether OBPs perform other functions in insects, particularly in Apis cerana cerana. Within this study, an OBP gene (AccOBP10) was isolated and identified from Apis cerana cerana. Both homology and phylogenetic relationship analyses indicated that the amino acid sequence of AccOBP10 had a high degree of sequence identity with other members of the gene family. Analysis of real-time quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) showed that AccOBP10 mRNA was expressed at higher levels in the venom gland than in other tissues. The mRNA transcript expression of AccOBP10 was upregulated by low temperature (4 °C), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), pyridaben, methomyl and imidacloprid but downregulated by heat (42 °C), ultraviolet (UV) light, vitamin C, mercuric chloride (HgCl2), cadmium chloride (CdCl2), paraquat and phoxim. Expression of AccOBP10 under abiotic stress was analyzed by Western blotting, and the results were consistent with those of qRT-PCR. And as a further study of AccOBP10 function, we demonstrated that knockdown of AccOBP10 by RNA interference (RNAi) could slightly increase the expression levels of some stress-related genes. Collectively, these results suggest that AccOBP10 is mainly involved in the response to stress conditions.

Interaction between Glomus fasciculatum and Sclerotium rolfsii in peanut

1983 ◽  
Vol 61 (9) ◽  
pp. 2349-2351 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. R. Krishna ◽  
D. J. Bagyaraj
Keyword(s):  
Mycorrhizal Fungus ◽  
Sclerotium Rolfsii ◽  
Glomus Fasciculatum ◽  
Root Infection ◽  
Culture Experiment ◽  
Root Pathogen ◽  
Simultaneous Addition ◽  
Severity Of Disease ◽  
P Content ◽  
Pot Culture

The interaction between the mycorrhizal fungus Glomus fasciculatum and the root pathogen Sclerotium rolfsii was studied in a pot culture experiment. The mycorrhizal fungus reduced the number of sclerotia produced by the pathogen and the pathogen reduced the percentage root infection and chlamydospore production by the mycorrhizal fungus. Root and shoot dry weights of the host and their P content was highest in plants inoculated with mycorrhiza only and lowest in plants inoculated with the pathogen only. Simultaneous addition of mycorrhizal inoculum and the pathogen reduced the severity of disease.

Fluorescent pseudomonad population sizes baited from soils under pure birch, pure Douglas-fir, and mixed forest stands and their antagonism towardArmillaria ostoyaein vitro

2002 ◽  
Vol 32 (12) ◽  
pp. 2146-2159 ◽  
Author(s):  
R L DeLong ◽  
Kathy J Lewis ◽  
Suzanne W Simard ◽  
Susan Gibson
Keyword(s):  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Fluorescent Pseudomonads ◽  
Dual Culture ◽  
Fluorescent Pseudomonad ◽  
Percent Cover ◽  
Forest Stands ◽  
Mixed Stands ◽  
Relative Population ◽  
Population Sizes ◽  
Paper Birch

The relationship between forest stand composition in southern interior British Columbia and fluorescent pseudomonad bacteria populations was investigated using seedling bioassays. The objectives of this study were to (i) compare the relative population sizes of fluorescent pseudomonads baited from soils in pure paper birch (Betula papyrifera Marsh.), pure Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco), and mixed stands of the two species and (ii) determine if fluorescent pseudomonads from these soils have inhibitory effects against the root pathogen Armillaria ostoyae (Romagn.) Herink in vitro. Soil from birch stands supported four times more pseudomonads on seedling baits than soil from Douglas-fir stands, with the mixed stands intermediate. Soil from young stands yielded twice as many rhizosphere pseudomonads as soil from mature stands. Pseudomonad population size was positively correlated with percent cover and density of birch, and negatively correlated with basal area of Douglas-fir, percent cover of Douglas-fir, and carbon/nitrogen ratio of the soil. Greater than 50% of the fluorescent isolates reduced radial growth of A. ostoyae by more than 20% and greater than 90% reduced biomass of the fungus in dual culture tests. Cell-free bacterial culture filtrates added to the growth medium also reduced growth of A. ostoyae. This study provides evidence that paper birch provides a more favorable environment for fluorescent pseudomonads than Douglas-fir and suggests a mechanism by which paper birch can positively influence the susceptibility of managed forest stands to Armillaria root disease.

scholarly journals Sclerotium rolfsii, Penyebab Penyakit Busuk Pangkal Batang pada Hippeastrum sp.

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 53-58
Author(s):  
Antok Wahyu Sektiono ◽  
Syamsuddin Djauhari ◽  
Putri Devinta Pertiwi
Keyword(s):  
Host Range ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Agar Medium ◽  
Sclerotium Rolfsii ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Stem Rot ◽  
Potato Dextrose Agar Medium ◽  
White Mycelium ◽  
Rot Disease ◽  
Range Test

Sclerotium rolfsii, a the Causal Agent of Stem Rot Disease on Hippeastrum sp.Symptoms of stem rot that cause Hippeastrum sp. or red lily wither, leaves turn yellow, and eventually die found at Mangliawan Village, District of Pakis, Malang - East Java. The purpose of this study was to identify the pathogens that cause root rot disease on lily plants and find out their host range. Sclerotium from the symptomatic base of the plant was isolated on potato dextrose agar medium. Fungus was identified based on the morphological characteristics of the colonies and mycelium. Host range test of pathogen was carried out by manual inoculation on Rain lily (Zephyranthes) St. Bernard's lily (Chlorophytum) and Beach Spider lily (Hymenocallis). The results of the identification showed that the fungus had white mycelium and formed sclerotium. Sclerotium is irregularly rounded, white when young, and dark brown when ripe, and forms 10 days after incubation. In hyphae, there are branching, septa, and clam connections. Based on the morphological characteristics of the disease the fungus was identified as Sclerotium rolfsii. In the host range test, the fungus was able to infect rain lilies and paris lilies, but not in spider lilies. This is the first report of S. rolfsii infection in lily in Indonesia.

scholarly journals PENGENDALIAN PENYAKIT LAYU BAKTERI NILAM MENGGUNAKAN PSEUDOMONAD FLUORESEN

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
NASRUN NASRUN ◽  
CHRISTANTI CHRISTANTI ◽  
TRIWIDODO ARWIYANTO ◽  
IKA MARISKA
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Bacterial Wilt ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Antagonistic Activity ◽  
Wilt Disease ◽  
Plant Production ◽  
Fluorescent Pseudomonad ◽  
Bacterial Wilt Disease ◽  
Pogostemon Cablin

<p>ABSTRAK<br />Penelitian pengendalian penyakit layu bakteri nilam (Ralstonia<br />solanacearum) menggunakan pseudomonad fluoresen di kebun petani<br />nilam Desa Situak Pasaman Barat, Sumatera Barat telah dilakukan pada<br />bulan Oktober 2003 sampai dengan Juni 2004. Penelitian ini bertujuan<br />untuk mendapatkan pseudomonad fluoresen yang berpotensi untuk<br />mengendalikan penyakit layu bakteri, dan meningkatkan pertumbuhan<br />dan produksi nilam. Isolat pseudomonad fluoresen Pf 63, Pf 90, Pf 91, Pf<br />147, dan Pf 180 sebagai perlakuan diisolasi dari rizosfer nilam sehat, dan<br />diseleksi  berdasarkan  kemampuan  antagonistik  terhadap  R.<br />solanacearum secara in vitro di Laboratorium Bakteriologi Tumbuhan<br />Fakultas Pertanian UGM. Isolat pseudomonad fluoresen tersebut<br />diintroduksikan ke nilam dan diadaptasikan selama 1 minggu sebelum<br />ditanam. Tanaman yang telah diperlakukan dengan isolat pseudomonad<br />fluoresen ditanam pada kebun yang telah terinfeksi dengan patogen pada<br />bulan Oktober 2003. Percobaan disusun dalam rancangan acak kelompok<br />(RAK) dengan 6 ulangan. Parameter pengamatan adalah masa inkubasi,<br />intensitas penyakit, pertumbuhan tanaman dan produksi minyak nilam.<br />Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa isolat pseudomonad fluoresen<br />dapat mengendalikan penyakit layu bakteri dengan perpanjangan masa<br />inkubasi 6-52 hari dan penekanan intensitas penyakit 31,11 – 50,56%.<br />Disamping itu isolat pseudomonad fluoresen dapat mempengaruhi<br />peningkatan pertumbuhan tanaman yaitu tinggi tanaman (6,7 – 26,3 cm),<br />jumlah daun (4,6 – 30,1 daun/tanaman) dan berat kering daun (24,5 –<br />154,3 g/tanaman), dan produksi minyak nilam terutama jumlah minyak<br />(4,8 – 22,3 ml/tanaman). Hasil percobaan ini menunjukkan bahwa isolat<br />Pf 91 mempunyai kemampuan antagonistik tertinggi dalam mengen-<br />dalikan penyakit layu bakteri di lapangan.<br />Kata kunci : Nilam, Pogostemon cablin Benth, penyakit layu, bakteri,<br />pengendalian hayati, pseudomonad fluoresen</p><p><br />ABSTRACT<br />Controlling bacterial wilt disease on patchouli plant with<br />fluorescent pseudomonad<br />The study of controlling bacterial wilt disease on patchouli plant<br />(Ralstonia solanacearum) with fluorescent pseudomonad was carried out<br />in a farmer’s field in Situak Village West Pasaman, West Sumatera from<br />October 2003 to June 2004. The aims of the study were to find out the<br />effectiveness of fluorescent pseudomonad for controlling bacterial wilt<br />disease, increasing plant growth and production. Isolates of fluorescent<br />pseudomonad Pf 63, Pf 90, Pf 91, Pf 147 and Pf 180 as treatments were<br />isolated from the rhizosphere of healthy patchouli plant, and selected<br />based on antagonistic activity on R. solanacearum in vitro at the<br />Laboratory of Plant Bacteriology, Faculty of Agriculture, UGM. The<br />isolates were inoculated on patchouli plant and adapted for one week<br />before planting. The plants treated with fluorescent pseudomonad<br />isolates were planted in the field infected with pathogen on October<br />2003. The experiment was arranged in a randomized block design<br />(RBD) with six replications. The assessment parameters were incubation<br />period, disease intensity, plant growth and production of patchouli plants.<br />The results showed that fluorescent pseudomonad isolates could control<br />the bacterial wilt disease and delay the incubation period 6-52 days and<br />decrease the disease intensity 31,11–50,56%. In addition fluorescent<br />pseudomonad isolates could affect the increase of plant growth, i.e. plant<br />height ( 6,7 – 26,3 cm ), leaf numbers (4,6 – 30,1 leaves/plant) and dry<br />weight of leaves (24,5 – 154,3 g/plant), and plant production, especially<br />oil content (4,8 – 22,3 ml/plant). The results of the experiment showed<br />that Pf 91 isolate had the highest antagonistic activity on controlling the<br />bacterial wilt disease on field.<br />Key words : Patchouli, Pogostemon cablin Benth, wilt disease,<br />bacterial, biological control, fluorescent pseudomonad</p>

scholarly journals Aktivitas Enzim Amilase Isolat Bakteri Amilolitik dari Tepung Sagu Basah dan Lingkungan Tempat Penyediaannya Secara Tradisional di Jayapura

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-52
Author(s):  
Suprapto Surapto ◽  
Tri Gunaedi ◽  
Basa T. Rumahorbo
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Agar Medium ◽  
Amylase Activity ◽  
Soluble Starch ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Clear Zone ◽  
Plate Method ◽  
Crude Enzyme Extract ◽  
Nutrient Agar Medium ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis Atcc

The study about the activity of the enzyme amylase from amylolytic bacterial isolates from wet sagoo starch and  its traditional provision environment had been done in Jayapura. The purposes of this study were to determine the activity of amylase enzyme and to identify the bacteria isolated from wet sagoo starch and its processing environment in Jayapura district. The method used was an experimental laboratorium in which isolation of amylolytic bacteria was performed by using nutrient agar medium with 1% soluble starch on spreed pour plate method. The enzyme activity was detected with 0.2% iodine in 2% potassium iodide which were able to form a clear zone. The protein content of the crude enzyme extract was determined by the Bradford method using bovine serum albumin (BSA). Amylase enzyme activity was determined by the formula: DUN/ml = [(R0-R1)/R0] [dilution factor] DUN/ml (dextrinizing units per ml). The results showed that there were 15 isolates amylolytic bacteria. Four (4) bacterial isolates have amylolytic power of more than 30 mm. The amilase activity of amylolytic bacterial of all  isolates were quite high: which were 35 577, 18 903,  32 106 and 46 600 U/mg for SU4, SU13, SU23 and SU40 respectively. The identification of isolates indicated that the three isolates are members of the Bacillus cereus ATCC 14 579 types with a similarity value of 71.70% to 81.10%, and one isolate is Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6501 members with a similarity value of 94.30%. Keywords: Amylolytic bacteria, amylase activity, characterization, sago flour.

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