Enhancing Uptake of K and Zn and Improving Yield of Groundnut by Application of K- and Zn- Solubilizing Bacteria

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.K. Reddy ◽  
R. Dey ◽  
R.A. Bhadania ◽  
K.B. Ladumore ◽  
S. Ahmad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Nutrition ◽  
Calcareous Soil ◽  
Zinc Phosphate ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Current Investigation ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Biochemical Processes ◽  
Pod Yield ◽  
Insoluble Form ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical

Background: Potassium and zinc are important with respect to mineral nutrition of groundnut and play a significant role in physiological and biochemical processes and thus affect productivity. To make these important minerals available to the growing plants in calcareous soil having fixation problem, the current investigation was undertaken to identify both K- and Zn-solubilizing bacteria for improving growth, nutrient uptake and yield of groundnut. Methods: Soil samples were collected from groundnut rhizosphere during 2018 for the isolation of Zn- and K- solubilizing bacteria. Estimation for Zn- and K-solubilization was done using zinc phosphate and potassium aluminosilicate as insoluble form of Zn and K, respectively. Promising Zn and K solubilizing bacterial isolates were selected and evaluated in pots. Result: Inoculation of different isolates of KSB and ZSB improved K and Zn contents of shoot and seed during summer and kharif 2019. Evaluation of KSB and ZSB isolates, in potted condition, resulted in improved pod yield upto 39.6% (KSB) and upto 37.1% (ZSB) during summer and upto 24.1% and 25.1% during kharif 2019, respectively. Therefore, uptake of Zn- and K- and yield of groundnut can be enhanced significantly by application of both potential ZSB and KSB.

Effects of water deficit on growth, nodulation and physiological and biochemical processes inMedicago sativa-rhizobia symbiotic association

2015 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Mouradi ◽  
Mohamed Farissi ◽  
Abdelaziz Bouizgaren ◽  
Bouchra Makoudi ◽  
Ablaa Kabbadj ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Deficit ◽  
Symbiotic Association ◽  
Biochemical Processes ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical

Impact of Melatonin on Growth and Antioxidant Activity of Cicer arietinum L. Grown under Arsenic Stress

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-79
Author(s):  
Deepali Nagre ◽  
Roseline Xalxo ◽  
Vibhuti Chandrakar ◽  
S. Keshavkant
Keyword(s):  
Cicer Arietinum ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Biomass Accumulation ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Melatonin Treatment ◽  
Radicle Growth ◽  
Biochemical Processes ◽  
Cicer Arietinum L ◽  
Arsenic Stress ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical

The ability of melatonin to regulate number of physiological and biochemical processes under different environmental stresses has been widely studied in plants. So, this investigation was done to study the protective roles of melatonin on Cicer arietinum L. grown under arsenic stress. Subjecting Cicer arietinum L. seeds to arsenic stress caused significant decreases in germination percentage, radicle growth, biomass accumulation, protein content and activities of antioxidant enzymes. On the other hand, melatonin treatment significantly increased growth parameters and protein quantity via improving antioxidant enzyme systems as compared with their corresponding untreated controls.

scholarly journals Effect of organic substances on iron-release kinetics in a calcareous soil after basil harvesting

2018 ◽  
Vol 83 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 941-952
Author(s):  
Sedigheh Safarzadeh ◽  
Sadegh Kasmaei ◽  
Abadi Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Calcareous Soil ◽  
Release Kinetics ◽  
Field Capacity ◽  
Ocimum Basilicum ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Desorption Kinetics ◽  
Organic Substances ◽  
Diethylenetriaminepentaacetic Acid ◽  
Iron Release ◽  
Constant Rate

Desorption of iron from soil is important for evaluating the availability and toxicity of soil Fe in agriculture. The aim of this investigation was to study the effect of organic substances (cow and sheep manures and vermicompost) on Fe release from a calcareous soil and determine the best models for the description of the Fe desorption kinetics. Organic substances were added to soils at the rate of 3 %. Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) seeds were sown in each pot and pots were kept at 24?25?C at about field capacity for 90 days. After 90 days, plants were harvested and soil samples were used for Fe desorption analysis. Seven kinetic models were evaluated to describe the rate of Fe desorption in soil extracted with diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA). Results showed that Fe release from soil samples increased with time. Release of Fe was rapid at first and then became slower. Iron release in the organic substances treatments was higher than in the unamended soil and the two-constant rate, parabolic diffusion and simple Elovich models were the best equations for the description of Fe release from soils.

scholarly journals Active Antibiotics Production by Actinomycetes Indigenous To Saudi Arabia Soils

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 20-29
Author(s):  
Fetoon M ◽  
helaiwi Alk ◽  
Ismet Ara ◽  
Nadine Moubayed
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Biochemical Properties ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Fungal Strain ◽  
Pathogenic Microorganisms ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Desert Soils ◽  
Growth Environment ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical Properties

Streptomyces are the most popular among the Actinomycetes groups and found in soils worldwide. They form an important part of the soil ecology within the Actinomycetales order. Streptomyces are diverse as secondary antibiotic metabolites such as Novobiocin, Amphotericin, Vancomycin, Neomycin, Gentamicin, Chloramphenicol, Tetracycline, Erythromycin and Nystatin. Thus, the current study was aimed to isolate, identify and assess the active antibiotic metabolites produced by different actinomyces sp. found in Saudi Arabian soils. Six samples were collected from desert soils of the Al Thumamah area and analyzed using GS-MS. Scanning Electron Microscopy was used to identify the bacterial strains along with their antibiotic metabolites effectiveness of secondary metabolites (antibiotics) against different Gram-positive (Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus), negative pathogens (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Salmonella suis, and Shigella sonnei) as well as the fungal strain Candida albicans was investigated. Thirty active bacterial (F1-30) strains were isolated from the soil samples and the strains F3, F7, F22, F30 have white, gray, pink, yellow and red colours respectively. Only ten strains (F13, F14, F15, F16, FI7, F18, F19, F20, F21, and F22) were found to have antimicrobial activity against at least one pathogen. The optimum growth environment was pH 4-10, temperature (300C), and NaCl (7% w/v) concentration. According to our findings, the extreme desert environment of Al Thumamah from Saudi Arabia is rich in its actinobacterial population with diverse colouring groups and various physiological and biochemical properties. This shows it’s capability of generating secondary metabolite elements that could inhibit pathogenic microorganisms.

scholarly journals Influence of alimentary factors on the absorption of feed nutrients and poultry productivity

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (95) ◽  
pp. 3-14
Author(s):  
B. Ya. Kyryliv ◽  
A. V. Hunchak ◽  
I. B. Ratych ◽  
B. V. Gutyj
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Biochemical Processes ◽  
Modern Bird ◽  
Metabolic Products ◽  
Poultry Feeding ◽  
Fat Supplements ◽  
Fat Soluble Vitamins ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical

The article is a summary of the literature on the main aspects of the modern bird feeding system. Theoretical aspects and results of experimental research of scientists on the substantiation of parameters of protein and amino acid nutrition are given, which is an important factor that, under appropriate conditions can significantly guarantee the realization of the genetic potential of corresponding breeds and crosses of poultry. It is shown that an important aspect of protein nutrition is the ratio of feed amino acids. Their negative interaction can be caused by a deficiency of one or more amino acids, an imbalance between them, antagonism, and toxicity. This is accompanied by effects on various physiological and biochemical processes, significantly affects appetite, intestinal absorption, renal reabsorption and transport of amino acids, their catabolism, rate of protein decomposition, synthesis, and formation of toxic metabolic products. The data show that the required level of energy for the bird's body is provided by carbohydrates (mainly of plant origin) and lipids (fat supplements of various origins). It is noted that lipids promote the absorption, transport, and deposition of fat-soluble vitamins. The effectiveness of using fat supplements as energy depends on their source. At the same time, among the indispensable nutrients that have a significant impact on growth intensity, reproductive quality, poultry productivity, and biological value of products, an important role is played by macro-and micronutrients. Many researchers emphasize that along with the use of traditional feeds in poultry feeding, the possibilities of non-traditional cereals rich in protein and lipids are not fully used. A limiting factor in their use is the presence in their composition of anti-nutrients contained in many feeds. Once in the digestive tract of animals, they negatively affect the absorption of feed nutrients. In most cases, the consumption of such feed by animals is manifested in growth retardation, increased feed consumption, hormonal effects, and, less frequently, in the dysfunction of certain organs.

scholarly journals Effect of Bacterial Isolates From Soil Samples on Bisphenol A

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Dr.Neihaya Heikmat Zaki
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Source ◽  
Bisphenol A ◽  
Sole Carbon Source ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Triazine Ring ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Optimal Temperature ◽  
Tigris River ◽  
End Products ◽  
Proteus Penneri

Twenty five samples were collected from the soil around the Tigris River from different locations in Iraqi cities, and 45 bacterial isolates were obtained. Three of these isolates were further tested for their degrading capacity of Bisphenol A (BPA) in Basal Mineral Medium, included: Pseudomonas orizohibtanis, Escherishia coli and Proteus penneri. The optimal temperature for the removal of BPA was determined at 20˚C, 37˚ and 45˚C for 1, 5, and 15 days, and the degradation increased up to a temperature of 37°C. Growth test was performed on isolated bacteria with BisPhenol A as the sole carbon source, and with increasing incubation time, the culture grew almost linearly to 24 hours. BPA decreased after 1days after incubating with tested bacterial isolates, and almost broken after 5 days, while it disappeared after 15 days at 37C, and Pseudomonas orizohibtanis exhibited the best degradation of BPA. The absorbance peaks in the UV region appeared at 222 and 276 nm and attributed to the benzene ring and triazine ring respectively. The end products of BPA degradation were analyzed by GCMS after 15 days of incubation. The chromatogram for Pseudomanas orizohibtanis showed three peaks at retention times of 70, 210 and 280 min, and referred to hexasiloxane, heptasiloxane, and Octasiloxane respectively. The present study was aimed to isolate bacteria from the soil of the Tigris River, and determined the ability to degrade Bisphenol-A, and characterized the environmental conditions of bacterial growth, and then analysis the products of the degradation by GC-MS.

The Effect of 1-Arylcyclohexylamine (Sernyl) on Twelve Normal Volunteers

1960 ◽  
Vol 106 (444) ◽  
pp. 912-924 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian M. Davies ◽  
H. R. Beech
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Functioning ◽  
Chemical Substances ◽  
Biochemical Processes ◽  
Normal Volunteers ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical ◽  
The Way

The production of “model psychoses” in animals and man by a variety of chemical substances is of great interest. While the relationship between disturbances so produced and schizophrenia are problematical, these investigations may eventually throw light upon the causes of this condition. More important, at present, is the fact that the investigation of the way these drugs modify various aspects of normal psychological functioning is of great value in suggesting the physiological and biochemical processes that underlie these functions.

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