scholarly journals MARKERS OF VASCULAR TONE AND INFLAMMATION IN PERSONS EXPOSED TO MERCURY

2019 ◽  
Vol 98 (10) ◽  
pp. 1079-1084 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga V. Naumova ◽  
I. V. Kudaeva ◽  
L. B. Masnavieva ◽  
O. A. Dyakovich
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Vascular Tone ◽  
Endothelial Damage ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mercury Intoxication ◽  
Chronic Mercury Intoxication ◽  
Regulation Of Vascular Tone

Introduction. Endothelial dysfunction (ED) is an important link in the development of cardiovascular disease. There is evidence that exposure to mercury and its compounds can be a risk factor for the development of ED. The aim - the study of endothelial dysfunction markers involved in the regulation of vascular tone, inflammation, and vascular endothelial damage in patients with cardiovascular disease, the exposed and unexposed mercury. Material and Methods. In persons exposed due to their occupational activities with metallic mercury, who had been working for over five years, people with newly diagnosed chronic mercury intoxication and patients with chronic mercury intoxication in the long post-exposure period, and the persons are not exposed mercury a cross-sectional survey was conducted using biochemical methods Results. In examinees there have been revealed changes in the content of biochemical indices of ED - reducing nitrogen oxide, an elevated level of endothelin-1, angiotensin II, histamine, hsCRP, homocysteine. There has been established a breach in the content of ED markers that are pathogenic factors in the development of ED and, as a consequence, the development of cardiovascular disease in chronic mercury exposure. Conclusion. In persons exposed to mercury there were the most pronounced changes in the regulation of vascular tone, which may be one of the factors in the development of vascular disease. At the same time the importance of inflammation indices and vascular endothelial damage plays a secondary role.

Prostacyclin Prevents Endothelial & Platelet Damage During Haemodialysis

1981 ◽  
Author(s):  
J H Turney ◽  
N Dodd ◽  
M J Weston
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Factor Viii ◽  
Antithrombin Iii ◽  
Endothelial Damage ◽  
Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Blood Components ◽  
Prothrombotic State ◽  
At Iii ◽  
Extracorporeal Circuits

We have previously demonstrated that prostacyclin (PGI) enhances the biocompatibility of extracorporeal circuits. Dialysis with & without PGI were studied in 17 patients. We measured platelet count, (β-thromboglobulin, factor VIII related antigen, & Antithrombin III (Bick method). Results are presented as percentage change + SEM of initial values.The change in all values during dialysis with heparin alone was significant (p<0.005). Additional PGI prevented any change (p<0.0001 compared with heparin at 300 minutes). We conclude that platelet activation & consumption persists throughout dialysis with heparin alone. The rise in factor VIII-RA & AT III reflects vascular endothelial damage induced by the reinfusion of activated blood components. Thus PGI not only protects platelets but also prevents dialysis-induced vascular endothelial damage. Longterm use of PGI should tend to reverse the prothrombotic state in dialysed uraemic patients and may therefore reduce their risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.

scholarly journals What are the determinants for individuals to undergo cardiovascular disease health checks? A cross sectional survey

PLoS ONE ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. e0201931 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ai Theng Cheong ◽  
Ee Ming Khoo ◽  
Su May Liew ◽  
Karuthan Chinna
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Checks

scholarly journals Public knowledge of cardiovascular disease and its risk factors in Tangail, Bangladesh: a cross-sectional survey

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 1838
Author(s):  
Masuder Rahman ◽  
Sakila Akter ◽  
Fatama Tous Zohora ◽  
Abu Zaffar Shibly
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Heart Attack ◽  
Physical Inactivity ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Unhealthy Diet ◽  
Common Risk Factors

Background: Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) is a major public health problem throughout the world. In Bangladesh, the reliable data concerning various aspects of CVD is inadequate at present due to lack of national population-based surveys or central administrative health data. Given the rising incidence of CVDs in Bangladesh, an improved understanding of the CVD, symptoms and risk factors is needed. Hence, this study was performed to assess the level of knowledge towards CVD types, warning symptoms of heart attack or stroke, and CVD risk factors.Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional survey was conducted from May 2018 to June 2018 using standard questionnaire on a sample of 350 randomly selected Bangladeshi individuals. All the data of the study were input in SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) version 20.0 software from IBM for windows and the gathered data thus analyzed using SPSS & Microsoft Excel.Results: The respondents’ knowledge about types of CVD, symptom heart attack, symptom of stroke and the risk factors of CVD are 38.9%, 67.7%, 35.7%, and 92.9% respectively. The most common risk factors of CVD found to be known by around than two-third of respondents were unhealthy diet (66.9%), physical inactivity (64.3), obesity (61.4%), and smoking (58.6%).Conclusions: The respondents’ knowledge about types of CVD, symptom heart attack, symptom of stroke and the risk factors of CVD are 38.9%, 67.7%, 35.7%, and 92.9% respectively. The most common risk factors of CVD found to be known by around than two-third of respondents were unhealthy diet (66.9%), physical inactivity (64.3), obesity (61.4%), and smoking (58.6%).

scholarly journals RISK FACTORS FOR CARDIOVASCULAR EVENTS IN RURAL NIGERIA: A CROSS SECTIONAL SURVEY AND A REVIEW OF THE CURRENT LITERATURE

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 370-375
Author(s):  
Anthonia A. Ikpeme*,Nchiewe E. Ani, Edoise M. Isiwele, Andrew E. Ekpenyong,Emmanuel E. Ekanem
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cross River State

Introduction: Over 80% of cardiovascular deaths take place in low and middle incomecountries. These cardiovascular deaths are caused by modifiable risk factors. Evidenceis emerging that some of these factors maybe even more prevalent in rural areas whichare generally underserved.Aim: The aim of this study was to record risk factors for cardiovascular disease inrural communities in south southern Nigeria and review some related literature.Methods: A cross sectional study during clinical outreach activities that took placein 2016 to 2018 in several rural and few urban communities in Cross River State,Nigeria. Participating individuals gave full consent and ethical clearance obtained.Socio-demographic data, Anthropometric data and Blood sugar measurements wereobtained. Data extracted was transferred into EXCEL thereafter analysis was doneusing SPSS version 21. p values less than 0.05 were deemed statistically significant.Tests of significance included Anova, chi square and student t- tests.Results: Total population investigated over the 3 year period was 504. (2016-33.1%),(2017 -37.9%), (2018 – 28%) with a Female: Male distribution of 1:1.Most participants tended to be overweight across the years 59.7%, 59.1%, 73.7%,2016, 2017, and 2018 respectively. The prevalence of Hypertension was 10.71%. Nosignificant gender difference in the prevalence of Hypertension (6.94% males to 3.77%females, p=0.097). The prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus was 10.67%. There was nosignificant gender prevalence (6.67% males to 4.00% females, p =0.431)Conclusion: Cardiovascular disease remains relatively uncommon in Sub-SaharanAfrica, despite an increasing prevalence of risk factors, but it’s incidence is rising.Steps should be taken in Sub-Saharan Africa to prevent an epidemic. This involvesdetailed and regular screening for cardiovascular risk factors in rural communities.Key words: RISK FACTORS, Cardio vascular disease, South South Nigeria.

scholarly journals PEMERIKSAAN FUNGSI ENDOTEL PADA PENYAKIT KARDIOVASKULAR

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 638
Author(s):  
Adhi Kurniawan ◽  
Mefri Yanni
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Endothelial Damage ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Peripheral Artery ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Initial Process

<p>Cardiovascular risk factors have been known to play a role in vascular endothelial damage. Endothelial damage can cause a condition called endothelial dysfunction. Endothelial dysfunction  is the initial process of various cardiovascular problems such as coronary heart disease, stroke, peripheral artery disease, and  others. Early stage endothelial damage can actually be detected, but often patients present at the stage of cardiovascular problems. Various examinations of endothelial function start from invasive, non invasive, until biomarkers marking the occurrence of dysfunction can be done. So that we can prevent or reduce the occurrence of further damage</p>

Cardiovascular risk behaviour is an emerging health issue in developing countries: a cross-sectional study

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 679-690
Author(s):  
Lemma B Negesa ◽  
Judy Magarey ◽  
Philippa Rasmussen ◽  
Jeroen ML Hendriks
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Risk Behaviour ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Risk Behaviours ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Eastern Ethiopia ◽  
Lifestyle Behaviours

Background: Low and middle-income countries are facing a high burden of cardiovascular disease while there is limited availability of resources and evidence to educate and modify lifestyle behaviours in the population as well as to guide policy making. Aim: The goal of the present study was to quantify the prevalence of different cardiovascular risk behaviours among patients with known cardiovascular conditions in a developing country. Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional survey was conducted in two referral hospitals in eastern Ethiopia. Outpatients who had a confirmed diagnosis of cardiovascular disease were recruited for the study. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews with patients using validated tools. Results: A total of 287 cardiovascular disease patients was recruited, of which 56.4% were women and 90.2% were urban residents. Most patients had inadequate consumption of fruit and vegetables, 51.6% were physically inactive, 20% were current khat chewers, 19% were current alcohol drinkers and only 1% were current smokers. Approximately one-third (30%) of the patients had one of these risk behaviours, more than half (51.9%) had two, 15% had three and 3.1% had four risk behaviours. The majority (70%) of the patients had multiple (more than two) risk behaviours. The prevalence of multiple risk behaviours did not significantly vary with sex, residence and educational level differences ( P>0.05). Conclusion: Cardiovascular disease patients continue to follow unhealthy lifestyles although they attend follow-up care with a specific focus on risk management. The findings of this study provide evidence for policy makers that health services reform is required to promote healthy lifestyle behaviours for the patients.

scholarly journals Role of arachidonic acid lipoxygenase metabolites in the regulation of vascular tone

2009 ◽  
Vol 297 (2) ◽  
pp. H495-H507 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuttana Chawengsub ◽  
Kathryn M. Gauthier ◽  
William B. Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Arachidonic Acid ◽  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Vascular Endothelium ◽  
Vascular Tone ◽  
Vascular Endothelial Cells ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Epoxyeicosatrienoic Acid ◽  
Regulation Of Vascular Tone ◽  
Small Conductance

Stimulation of vascular endothelial cells with agonists such as acetylcholine (ACh) or bradykinin or with shear stress activates phospholipases and releases arachidonic acid (AA). AA is metabolized by cyclooxygenases, cytochrome P-450s, and lipoxygenases (LOs) to vasoactive products. In some arteries, a substantial component of the vasodilator response is dependent on LO metabolites of AA. Nitric oxide (NO)- and prostaglandin (PG)-independent vasodilatory responses to ACh and AA are reduced by inhibitors of LO and by antisense oligonucleotides specifically against 15-LO-1. Vasoactive 15-LO metabolites derived from the vascular endothelium include 15-hydroxy-11,12-epoxyeicosatrienoic acid (15-H-11,12-HEETA) that is hydrolyzed by soluble epoxide hydrolase to 11,12,15-trihydroxyeicosatrienoic acid (11,12,15-THETA). HEETA and THETA are endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factors that induce vascular relaxations by activation of smooth muscle apamin-sensitive, calcium-activated, small-conductance K+ channels causing hyperpolarization. In other arteries, the 12-LO metabolite 12-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid is synthesized by the vascular endothelium and relaxes smooth muscle by large-conductance, calcium-activated K+ channel activation. Thus formation of vasodilator eicosanoids derived from LO pathways contributes to the regulation of vascular tone, local blood flow, and blood pressure.

Education for nurses working in cardiovascular care: A European survey

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 532-540 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Felicity Astin ◽  
Diane L Carroll ◽  
Sabina De Geest ◽  
Jan Martensson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Nursing Education ◽  
Nurse Education ◽  
Evaluation Methods ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Programme Content ◽  
Teaching Learning ◽  
The Impact

Background: Nurses represent the largest sector of the workforce caring for people with cardiovascular disease in Europe. Little is known about the post-registration education provided to nurses working within this specialty. The aim of this descriptive cross sectional survey was to describe the structure, content, teaching, learning, assessment and evaluation methods used in post-registration cardiovascular nurse education programmes in Europe. Method: A 24-item researcher generated electronic questionnaire was sent to nurse representatives from 23 European countries. Items included questions about cardiovascular registered nurse education programmes. Results: Forty-nine respondents from 17 European countries completed questionnaires. Respondents were typically female (74%) and educated at Masters (50%) or doctoral (39%) level. Fifty-one percent of the cardiovascular nursing education programmes were offered by universities either at bachelor or masters level. The most frequently reported programme content included cardiac arrhythmias (93%), heart failure (85%) and ischaemic heart disease (83%). The most common teaching mode was face-to-face lectures (85%) and/or seminars (77%). A variety of assessment methods were used with an exam or knowledge test being the most frequent. Programme evaluation was typically conducted through student feedback (95%). Conclusion: There is variability in the content, teaching, learning and evaluation methods in post-registration cardiovascular nurse education programmes in Europe. Cardiovascular nurse education would be strengthened with a stronger focus upon content that reflects current health challenges faced in Europe. A broader view of cardiovascular disease to include stroke and peripheral vascular disease is recommended with greater emphasis on prevention, rehabilitation and the impact of health inequalities.

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