scholarly journals The dynamics, causes of mortality and lethality of population of the Perm krai because of diabetes mellitus

2019 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 60-63
Author(s):  
Tatyana P. Demicheva ◽  
S. P. Shilova

The academician E.A. Wagner Perm State Medical University, Perm, 614000, Russian Federation The article presents the results of analysis of dynamics, causes of mortality and lethality in consequence of diabetes mellitus ofpopulation of the Perm krai. The materials of official statistics were used provided by the regional medical informational analytical center for 13 years, the state register of diabetes mellitus (2015) and primary documentation of the municipal endocrinological department for 25 years. According the official statistics data, in total number of the deceased in the Perm krai percentage of patients with diseases of endocrine system consisted 0.4%. The average annual level of mortality is 7.1 per 100 thousand of population. According the state register of diabetes mellitus, every third patient (30.6%) died because of chronic cardiovascular inefficiency, 14.3% because of acute disturbed cerebral circulation, 5.2% because of acute myocardium infarction and 0.8% because of chronic renal inefficiency. The oncological pathology comprised 7.8% of all causes of death. The age and gender differences of indices of mortality are established. The rate of cases of death increased with age. The females died in 1.9 times more often than males. The average level of hospital lethality comprised 2.2 of 100 and daily lethality - 0.5 of 100 underwent patients. The macro-vascular complications are registered as leading causes of death. The positive dynamics of hospital lethality because of acute disturbed cerebral circulation (5 times decreasing of indicator in 25 years) was established.

Background: Clinico-epidemiological monitoring of diabetes in the Russian Federation shall be exercised through the State Register of patients with diabetes mellitus (SRDM). Aim: To analyze the epidemiological indicators of type 1 diabetes (DM 1) among the adult population of the Khakasia Republic, according the SRDM. Methods: Analysis of the State Register of diabetes in the Republic of Khakasia, Russia. Retrospective analysis data of prevalence, morbidity, age of onset the type 1 diabetes, life expectancy, diabetic complications for 2015 year was condacted. Statistical data analysis conducted using the package Statistica 8.0 and 7.0 SAS. Results: In the Republic of Khakasia in 2015 registered 17, 445 diabetics, patients with type 1 diabetes were 772, 198 over the age of 18 years. The prevalence of DM 1 among the adult population accounted for 47.84 to 100.000 (male53.70; female-43.04). Among persons over 18 years recorded 15 new cases of type 1 DM in 2015. The prevalence among the adult population DM 1 amounted to 3.62 to 100.000 (male-5.91; female-1.76). The average age of the onset of type 1 DM the children amounted to 6.92±0.61 years; in adults-31.36±0.51 years. The life expectancy of patients with type 1 DM for men was 49.86 years, for women 61.00 year, which was below statistics on the Republic of Khakasia. The average value of HbA1c was 6.92 %. Diabetic retinopathy was registered at 69.70% patients, neuropathy at 25.76%, and the diabetic foot syndrome at 7.56% patients. Diabetic nephropathy was registered at 31.81%, of which three patients was conducted hemodialysis and one peritoneal dialysis. Conclusions: This study shown that in the Republic of Khakasia there is the trend towards an increase of prevalence and morbility of type 1 diabetes. Among the diabetic complications predominate diabetic retinopathy and diabetic nephropathy.


Author(s):  
A.I. Mamedzade ◽  
M.Kh. Aliyev ◽  
Sh.M. Hyseynova ◽  
U.D. Agamalieva ◽  
U.I. Akhmedzade ◽  
...  

К наиболее грозным осложнениям сахарного диабета относят осложнения сосудистого генеза. При этом роль лимфатической системы в патогенезе микроангиопатий исследована недостаточно. Цель исследования - изучение роли перекисного окисления липидов и эндотелиальной дисфункции в нарушениях свертываемости лимфы и лимфатического дренажа тканей при моделировании стрептозотоцинового сахарного диабета и их значение в патогенезе диабетических микроангиопатий. Методика. Эксперименты выполнены на 23 кроликах Шиншилла. Сахарный диабет моделировали введением стрептозотоцина (50 мг/кг в 1 мл физиологического раствора внутрибрюшинно). В течение ночи перед введением препарата животные не получали пищи. Контрольным животным (4 кролика) вместо стрептозотоцина вводили физиологический раствор. Перекисное окисление липидов в лимфе оценивали по уровню диеновых конъюгатов, малонового диальдегида и содержанию восстановленного глютатиона. Для оценки состояния системы свертывания лимфы определяли: активизированное частичное тромбопластиновое время, протромбиновое время, фактор Виллебранда, тромбиновое время, концентрацию фибриногена, растворимые фибрин мономерные комплексы, продукты деградации фибриногена, антитромбин-III и фибринолитическую активность. Показатели свертываемости лимфы определяли на полуавтоматическом коагулометре «Хумаклот-Дуо» (Германия) с помощью готовых наборов реактивов фирмы «Хуман» (Германия) и «Коагулотест» (Россия). Состояние дренажной функции лимфатической системы сердца изучали при введении лимфотропного красителя. Результаты. Показано, что моделирование стрептозотоцинового сахарного диабета способствует активации процессов перекисного окисления липидов, приводит к развитию эндотелиальной дисфункции с последующим выбросом прокоагулянтов не только в кровь, но, как показали, наши исследования, и в лимфу. Все это способствовало активации внутрисосудистого свертывания лимфы и нарушениям лимфатического дренажа, что сопровождалось накоплением в межклеточном пространстве вокруг кровеносных и лимфатических капилляров токсичных продуктов нарушенного метаболизма, способствующим развитию сосудистых осложнений. Изменение гемо-лимфатического равновесия отражалось на системе микроциркуляции в конкретном регионе, в частности приводило к нарушению дренажной функции лимфатической системы сердца. Неполный дренаж продуктов распада клеток, крупномолекулярных частиц и токсичных метаболитов, их накопление в интерстиции отрицательно влияет на микроциркуляторное русло, играя тем самым немаловажную роль в патогенезе диабетических микроангиопатий. Заключение. Суммируя результаты исследований можно заключить, что при построении лечебно-профилактических схем предотвращения развития диабетических микроангиопатий необходимо учитывать состояние дренажной функции лимфатической системы тканей.Chronic vascular complications are the most dangerous complications of diabetes mellitus. The role of lymphatic system in the pathogenesis of diabetic microangiopathy is understudied. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of lipid peroxidation and endothelial dysfunction in disorders of lymph coagulation and lymphatic drainage from tissues on a model of streptozotocin diabetes mellitus and their significance in the pathogenesis of diabetic microangiopathy. Methods. Experiments were performed on 23 Chinchilla rabbits in compliance with all rules for conducting experiments on laboratory animals. Diabetes mellitus was modeled with an intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (Keocyt, Malakoff, France) dissolved in 1 ml of 0.9% NaCl at a dose of 50 mg/kg. Animals fasted overnight before the injection. Control rabbits (n=4) received an injection of 0.9% NaCl solution instead of streptozotocin. Peroxide oxidation of lipids in lymph is appreciated in the level of diene conjugates, malonic dialdehyde and amount of reduced glutathione. For assessments the state of coagulation of lymph is determined: activated partial thromboplastin time, prothrombin time, Willebrand factor, thrombin time, concentration of fibrinogen, dissolved fibrin monomeric complexes, products of degradation of fibrinogen, antithrombin III and fibrinolytic activity. Indices of coagulation of lymph determined on semi-automatic coagulometer «Humaclot -Duo» (Germany) with ready set of reagents firm of «Human» (Germany) «Coagulotest» (Russia). The state of drainage function of lymphatic system of the heart is investigated during injection of lymphotropic dyes. Results. Streptozotocin diabetes mellitus activated lipid peroxidation, which resulted in endothelial dysfunction and discharge of procoagulants into both the blood and lymph. This facilitated intravascular lymph coagulation and inhibition of lymphatic drainage from tissues associated with accumulation of toxic metabolites in the interstitial space around blood and lymphatic capillaries and development of vascular complications. The changes in hemolymphatic balance affected microcirculation of organs, as evidenced by the impaired drainage function of the heart lymphatic system in experimental diabetes mellitus. Incomplete drainage of cell decay products, large molecular particles, and toxic metabolites and their accumulation in the interstitium adversely affect the microhemo- and microlymphocirculation and, thereby, plays a major role in the pathogenesis of diabetic microangiopathy. Conclusion. In development of preventive measures for diabetic microangiopathy, the state of lymphatic drainage from tissues, particularly in the heart, should be taken into account.


2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Mariana Guilherme Lima ◽  
Kênnia Sibelly Marques de Abrantes ◽  
Geofabio Sucupira Casimiro ◽  
Maria do Carmo Andrade Duarte de Farias ◽  
Edivânia Maria Leite da Silva ◽  
...  

<p>O envelhecimento mundial é um fenômeno que tem sido muito discutido na última década e o seu rápido processo observado nos países em desenvolvimento, como o Brasil, ainda não tem sido suficientemente estudado para fornecer os elementos necessários ao desenvolvimento de políticas adequadas para essa parcela da população. Este estudo teve como objetivo identificar as principais causas de morbi-mortalidade, entre homens e mulheres com 60 anos ou mais, residentes no Estado da Paraíba. Realizou-se um estudo de natureza descritiva exploratório com abordagem quantitativa, por meio de dados secundários disponíveis no DATASUS, encontrados no site do Ministério da Saúde, de acordo com o Sistema de Informações de Mortalidade (SIM/SUS), o Sistema de Internações Hospitalares (SIH/SUS) e os dados demográficos segundo o IBGE. Identificou-se a Doença Isquêmica do Coração, seguida da Doença Cerebrovascular e do Diabetes Mellitus, com os maiores coeficientes de mortalidade nos idosos. Ao comparar as principais causas de mortalidade entre os sexos, os homens apresentaram maior risco para Cirrose e Doença Crônica do Fígado, Acidentes de Transporte e Câncer de Pulmão. As mulheres apresentaram como as principais causas de mortalidade o Diabetes Mellitus, Pneumonias e Infecções Intestinais. Entre as causas mais prevalentes de morbidade, destacam-se as Doenças Circulatórias, Doenças Respiratórias e Doenças Infecciosas e Parasitárias. Os resultados mostram as principais causas de morbidade e mortalidade entre os idosos são as doenças Circulatórias, Doenças Respiratórias e as Doenças Infecciosas, que podem ser reduzidas com a adoção de políticas amplas de promoção, prevenção e tratamento oportuno e adequado para essas doenças, o que aponta para uma crescente preocupação com medidas preventivas para esta faixa etária da população. </p><pre><strong><em>Comparative Study of Morbidity and Mortality Among the Elderly in the state of Paraiba</em></strong><strong><em></em></strong></pre><p><strong>Abstract</strong><strong>: </strong>Aging is a global phenomenon that has been much discussed in the last decade and its rapid process observed in developing countries like Brazil, has not been sufficiently studied to provide the elements necessary to develop appropriate policies for this population. This study aimed to identify the main causes of morbidity and mortality among men and women aged 60 or older living in the state of Paraiba. We conducted a descriptive exploratory study with a quantitative approach, using secondary data available in DATASUS found on the website of the Ministry of Health, according to the Information System (SIM / SUS), the Hospital System (SIH / SUS) and demographic data according to IBGE. Identified the Ischemic Heart Disease, followed by Cerebrovascular Disease and Diabetes Mellitus, with the highest mortality rates in the elderly. By comparing the leading causes of mortality between the sexes, men had higher risk for Cirrhosis and Chronic Liver diseases, Traffic Accidents and Lung Cancer. The women presented as the main causes of mortality Diabetes Mellitus, Pneumonia and Intestinal Infections. Among the most prevalent causes of morbidity, there are the Circulatory Diseases, Respiratory Diseases and Infectious Diseases. The results here show the main causes of morbidity and mortality among the elderly are the Circulatory presented, Respiratory Diseases and the Infectious and Parasitic Diseases these can be reduced with the adoption of wide promotion, prevention and timely treatment and appropriate for these diseases, pointing to a growing preoccupation with measures prevention for this age group.</p>


2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-124
Author(s):  
Mikhail B. Antsiferov ◽  
Nikolay A. Demidov ◽  
Marina F. Kalashnikova ◽  
Olga V. Duhareva ◽  
Olga K. Vikulova ◽  
...  

BACKGROUND: State Register of Diabetes Mellitus (SRDM) plays an important role in the dynamic analysis of the epidemiological parameters that evaluate the disease itself and its complications, and also helps to analyze the quality of specialized medical care for patients. To solve modern scientific and practical problems, it is important to analyze data not only among the entire population of Russia, but also in large administrative-territorial subjects of the country. AIMS: To Study the dynamics of the main epidemiological indicators (values) among patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM1) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) living in Moscow for the period from 2013 to 2018 according to the State Register of Diabetes Mellitus (SRDM). MATERIALS AND METHODS: The analysis of Moscow region of the SRDM database was conducted. According to it there were registered 345.1 thousand patients with diabetes by 01.01.2019. RESULTS: During the period from 2013 to 2018 the total number of patients with DM increased up 9.8% (from 314.4 thousand to 345.1 thousand people). DM2 accounts for 94% of the total number of patients. According to SRDM the prevalence of DM1 on 100 thousand population has grown up 6.9% (from 152.2 in 2013 to 162.7 in 2018); DM2 by 9.6% (from 2864.7 in 2013 to 3139.4 in 2018). The incidence of DM1 per 100 thousand people decreased down to 6.4% (from 4.7 in 2013 to 4.4% in 2018); DM2 grew up 4.3% (from 198.1 in 2002, to 206.6 in 2018). Throughout the study period the incidence of DM2 was higher among women, while the opposite trend was observed among women with DM1. The mortality among people with DM1 in 2018 was 1.6 per 100 thousand among adult population (in 2017 it was 1.7); among patients with DM2 the mortality was 56.6 people per 100 thousand among adult population (in 2017 it was 65.6). The first place among the direct causes of death among patients with DM1 and DM2 in 2018 was occupied by cardiovascular diseases (57.5% and 67.9%, respectively), the second place oncological diseases (9.9% and 12.2%). CONCLUSIONS: The results of the epidemiological analysis showed that since 2013 in Moscow there has been an increase in the prevalence of diabetes, against the background of stable indicators of incidence (except for the organizational period of adapting to the new online data entry system of SRDM). The leading causes of death of patients with diabetes are cardiovascular and oncological diseases.


2017 ◽  
pp. 34-37
Author(s):  
Shydlovska T.A. ◽  
◽  
Kozak N.S. ◽  
Ovsianik K.V. ◽  
Petruk L.H. ◽  
...  

Author(s):  
Galina Stepanova

The article describes the main morphological and biological features of alfalfa varieties included in the State register of breeding achievements approved for use in the Central Chernozem zone of Russia. A total of 32 alfalfa varieties are included in the State register. This is 9 varieties of blue alfalfa (Medicago sativa L. subsp. Sativa) of domestic selection and 8 foreign, 11 varieties of variable alfalfa (Medicago sativa L. nothosubsp. varia (Martyn) Arcang.) domestic selection and 1 variety of foreign and 3 varieties of yellow alfalfa (Medicago sativa L. subsp. falcata (L.) Arcang.). It shows the average and maximum yield of varieties determined in the process of state variety testing, as well as independent evaluation in research institutions in the region. Varieties of blue alfalfa of domestic selection Kevsala, Elena, Satellite, Vavilovskaya Yubileynaya were the most productive. The average yield of dry matter of these varieties reaches 8.4–9.2 t/ha, the maximum — 15.3–17.7 t/ha. Alfalfa varieties Timbale and Galaxy were the most productive among foreign varieties: the average yield of dry matter was 8.1 and 8.3 t/ha, the maximum – 15.5 and 17.2 t/ha. Varieties of alfalfa variable Vitalina and Vela provided an average yield of dry matter of 7.6 and 9.0 t/ha, the maximum yield reached 15.4 and 18.1 t/ha.


2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 48-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Chobotko ◽  
L. Raychuk ◽  
I. McDonald

The aim of the article was to defi ne the role of the radioactive environment contamination in the formation of ecosystem services strategy. Methods. Monographic, systemic and structural, factor analysis, abstract and logical research methods have been used. The data from the State Statistics Service of Ukraine, the Ministry of Agrarian Policy and Food of Ukraine, the Ministry of Ecology and Natural Resources of Ukraine, materials of scientifi c researches, international materials and reports and other literary sources on the issues investigated have been used as an information base. Results. Retrospective analysis of sources and state of radioactive eco- systems contamination was conducted and the priority steps in developing the concept of ecosystem services in conditions of radiation contamination were found. Conclusions. The current socio-ecological paradigm of the transition from environmental use to environmental management should be refl ected in the relevant envi- ronmental management mechanisms. Currently, when assessing the state of ecosystem services in Ukraine and worldwide one must take into account the changes in food demand of residents of radioactively contaminated areas, the exploitation of radioactively safe ecosystems growth, their overload and degradation. All of this re- quires an inventory of ecosystem services by type, region, consumers, etc. and the formation of a state register of ecosystem services with a clear assignment of area of responsibility for appropriate natural ecosystems. This will help to make the economic evaluation of different ecosystem services and mechanisms of charges for ecosystem services.


2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.I. Ryakhovskaya ◽  
T.P. Sherstyukova ◽  
M.L. Gamolina

Рассмотрены агроклиматические условия Камчатского края и лимитирующие факторы, сдерживающие рост урожайности картофеля. Приведены характеристики новых сортов картофеля селекции Камчатского НИИСХ созданных в соответствии с приоритетными для региона направлениями селекции, включенных в Государственный реестр селекционных достижений РФ и охраняемых патентами.Agroclimatic conditions of the Kamchatka Krai and limiting factors that restrain the growth of potato yield are considered. The characteristics of new varieties of potatoes of the selection of the Kamchatsky RIA are created in accordance with the priority for the region selection areas included in the State Register of Selection Achievements of the Russian Federation and protected by patents.


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